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Jin X, Han H, Liang Q. Effects of surgical trauma and intraoperative blood loss on tumour progression. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1412367. [PMID: 38912060 PMCID: PMC11190163 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1412367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Surgery is the primary treatment of choice for tumours, and improves prognosis, prolongs survival and is potentially curative. Previous studies have described the effects of anaesthesia and changes in the neuroendocrine, circulatory and sympathetic nervous systems on postoperative cancer progression. There is growing evidence that intraoperative blood loss is an independent prognostic factor for tumour recurrence, postoperative inflammation is a predictor of cancer prognosis, and immunosuppressive status correlates with the degree of surgical damage. This paper outlines the potential mechanisms by which blood loss, surgical trauma and postoperative immunosuppressive status contribute to tumour growth and recurrence by reducing intraoperative haemorrhage and perioperative immunotherapy, thereby reducing tumour growth and recurrence, and improving long-term prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Qilian Liang
- Oncology Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
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Liu K, Wu CX, Liang H, Wang T, Zhang JY, Wang XT. Analysis of the impact of immunotherapy efficacy and safety in patients with gastric cancer and liver metastasis. World J Gastrointest Surg 2024; 16:700-709. [PMID: 38577087 PMCID: PMC10989337 DOI: 10.4240/wjgs.v16.i3.700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastric cancer (GC) is the fifth most common type of cancer and has the fourth highest death rate among all cancers. There is a lack of studies examining the impact of liver metastases on the effectiveness of immunotherapy in individuals diagnosed with GC. AIM To investigate the influence of liver metastases on the effectiveness and safety of immunotherapy in patients with advanced GC. METHODS This retrospective investigation collected clinical data of patients with advanced stomach cancer who had immunotherapy at our hospital from February 2021 to January 2023. The baseline attributes were compared using either the Chi-square test or the Fisher exact probability method. The chi-square test and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis were employed to assess the therapeutic efficacy and survival duration in GC patients with and without liver metastases. RESULTS The analysis comprised 48 patients diagnosed with advanced GC, who were categorized into two groups: A liver metastasis cohort (n = 20) and a non-liver metastatic cohort (n = 28). Patients with liver metastasis exhibited a more deteriorated physical condition compared to those without liver metastasis. The objective response rates in the cohort with metastasis and the cohort without metastasis were 15.0% and 35.7% (P > 0.05), respectively. Similarly, the disease control rates in these two cohorts were 65.0% and 82.1% (P > 0.05), respectively. The median progression-free survival was 5.0 months in one group and 11.2 months in the other group, with a hazard ratio of 0.40 and a significance level (P) less than 0.05. The median overall survival was 12.0 months in one group and 19.0 months in the other group, with a significance level (P) greater than 0.05. CONCLUSION Immunotherapy is less effective in GC patients with liver metastases compared to those without liver metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Liu
- Department of Radiation and Oncology, Traditional Chinese Hospital of Lu’an affiliated to Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lu’an 237000, Anhui Province, China
| | - Chun-Xiao Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ehu branch of Xishan People’s Hospital of Wuxi City, Wuxi 214116, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Hui Liang
- Department of Radiation and Oncology, Traditional Chinese Hospital of Lu’an affiliated to Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lu’an 237000, Anhui Province, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510400, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Ji-Yuan Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital, Changsha 410002, Hunan Province, China
| | - Xiao-Tao Wang
- Department of Traditional Chinese medicine, Ehu branch of Xishan People’s Hospital of Wuxi City, Wuxi 214116, Jiangsu Province, China
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Cao Y, Liu YL, Lu XY, Kai HL, Han Y, Zheng YL. Integrative analysis from multi-center studies identifies a weighted gene co-expression network analysis-based Tregs signature in ovarian cancer. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2024; 39:736-750. [PMID: 37713585 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) is a malignancy associated with poor prognosis and has been linked to regulatory T cells (Tregs) in the immune microenvironment. Nevertheless, the association between Tregs-related genes (TRGs) and OC prognosis remains incompletely understood. The xCell algorithm was used to analyze Tregs scores across multiple cohorts. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was utilized to identify potential TRGs and molecular subtypes. Furthermore, we used nine machine learning algorithms to create risk models with prognostic indicators for patients. Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and immunofluorescence staining were used to demonstrate the immunosuppressive ability of Tregs and the expression of key TRGs in clinical samples. Our study found that higher Tregs scores were significantly correlated with poorer overall survival. Recurrent patients exhibited increased Tregs infiltration and reduced CD8+ T cell. Moreover, molecular subtyping using seven key TRGs revealed that subtype B exhibited higher enrichment of multiple oncogenic pathways and had a worse prognosis. Notably, subtype B exhibited high Tregs levels, suggesting immune suppression. In addition, we validated machine learning-derived prognostic models across multiple platform cohorts to better distinguish patient survival and predict immunotherapy efficacy. Finally, the differential expression of key TRGs was validated using clinical samples. Our study provides novel insights into the role of Tregs in the immune microenvironment of OC. We identified potential therapeutic targets derived from Tregs (CD24, FHL2, GPM6A, HOXD8, NAP1L5, REN, and TOX3) for personalized treatment and created a machining learning-based prognostic model for OC patients, which could be useful in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Cao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University, Nantong First People's Hospital, Nantong, China
| | - Ying-Lei Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University, Nantong First People's Hospital, Nantong, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Lu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University, Nantong First People's Hospital, Nantong, China
| | - Hai-Li Kai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University, Nantong First People's Hospital, Nantong, China
| | - Yun Han
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University, Nantong First People's Hospital, Nantong, China
| | - Yan-Li Zheng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University, Nantong First People's Hospital, Nantong, China
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Shang Z, Ma Z, Wu E, Chen X, Tuo B, Li T, Liu X. Effect of metabolic reprogramming on the immune microenvironment in gastric cancer. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 170:116030. [PMID: 38128177 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.116030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is a malignant tumor of the gastrointestinal tract with a high mortality rate worldwide, a low early detection rate and a poor prognosis. The rise of metabolomics has facilitated the early detection and treatment of GC. Metabolism in the GC tumor microenvironment (TME) mainly includes glucose metabolism, lipid metabolism and amino acid metabolism, which provide energy and nutrients for GC cell proliferation and migration. Abnormal tumor metabolism can influence tumor progression by regulating the functions of immune cells and immune molecules in the TME, thereby contributing to tumor immune escape. Thus, in this review, we summarize the impact of metabolism on the TME during GC progression. We also propose novel strategies to modulate antitumor immune responses by targeting metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengye Shang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Zhiyuan Ma
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Enqin Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Xingzhao Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Biguang Tuo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Taolang Li
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Dalian Road 149, Zunyi 563000, China.
| | - Xuemei Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, China.
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Lucarini V, Nardozi D, Angiolini V, Benvenuto M, Focaccetti C, Carrano R, Besharat ZM, Bei R, Masuelli L. Tumor Microenvironment Remodeling in Gastrointestinal Cancer: Role of miRNAs as Biomarkers of Tumor Invasion. Biomedicines 2023; 11:1761. [PMID: 37371856 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11061761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal (GI) cancers are the most frequent neoplasm, responsible for half of all cancer-related deaths. Metastasis is the leading cause of death from GI cancer; thus, studying the processes that regulate cancer cell migration is of paramount importance for the development of new therapeutic strategies. In this review, we summarize the mechanisms adopted by cancer cells to promote cell migration and the subsequent metastasis formation by highlighting the key role that tumor microenvironment components play in deregulating cellular pathways involved in these processes. We, therefore, provide an overview of the role of different microRNAs in promoting tumor metastasis and their role as potential biomarkers for the prognosis, monitoring, and diagnosis of GI cancer patients. Finally, we relate the possible use of nutraceuticals as a new strategy for targeting numerous microRNAs and different pathways involved in GI tumor invasiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Lucarini
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome "Sapienza", Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Daniela Nardozi
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Angiolini
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome "Sapienza", Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Monica Benvenuto
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
- Departmental Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Saint Camillus International University of Health and Medical Sciences, via di Sant'Alessandro 8, 00131 Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Focaccetti
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Raffaele Carrano
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Zein Mersini Besharat
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome "Sapienza", Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Bei
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Masuelli
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome "Sapienza", Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
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