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Utpal BK, Dehbia Z, Zidan BMRM, Sweilam SH, Singh LP, Arunkumar MS, Sona M, Panigrahy UP, Keerthana R, Mandadi SR, Rab SO, Alshehri MA, Koula D, Suliman M, Nafady MH, Emran TB. Carotenoids as modulators of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway: innovative strategies in cancer therapy. Med Oncol 2024; 42:4. [PMID: 39549201 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-024-02551-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2024] [Accepted: 10/29/2024] [Indexed: 11/18/2024]
Abstract
Cancer progression is primarily driven by the uncontrolled activation of cellular signaling pathways, with the PI3K/Akt/mTOR (PAMT) pathway playing a central role. This pathway significantly contributes to the proliferation and survival of cancer cells, and its hyperactivity is a major challenge in managing several types of malignancies. This article delves into the promising potential of carotenoids, natural pigments found in abundance in fruits and vegetables, as a novel therapeutic strategy for cancer treatment. By specifically targeting and inhibiting the PAMT pathway, carotenoids may effectively disrupt the growth and survival of cancer cells. The article examines the complex mechanisms underlying these interactions and highlights the obstacles faced in cancer treatment. It proposes a compelling approach to developing therapies that leverage natural products to target this critical pathway, offering a fresh perspective on cancer treatment. Further research is essential to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of these compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biswajit Kumar Utpal
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Zerrouki Dehbia
- Laboratory of AgroBiotechnology and Nutrition in Semi Arid Zones, Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, University of Ibn Khaldoun, Tiaret, Algeria
| | - B M Redwan Matin Zidan
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Sherouk Hussein Sweilam
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, 11942, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egyptian Russian University, Cairo-Suez Road, Badr City, Cairo, 11829, Egypt
| | - Laliteshwar Pratap Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Narayan Institute of Pharmacy, Gopal Narayan Singh University, Sasaram (Rohtas) Bihar, Jamuhar, 821305, India
| | - M S Arunkumar
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641021, India
| | - M Sona
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641021, India
| | - Uttam Prasad Panigrahy
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Assam Down Town University, Gandhi Nagar, Sankar Madhab Path, Panikhaiti, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - R Keerthana
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641021, India
| | - Sandhya Rani Mandadi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Vishnu Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Tuljaraopet, Telangana , 502313, India
| | - Safia Obaidur Rab
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Ali Alshehri
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | - Doukani Koula
- Laboratory of AgroBiotechnology and Nutrition in Semi Arid Zones, Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, University of Ibn Khaldoun, Tiaret, Algeria
- Laboratory of Animal Production Sciences and Techniques, University of Abdelhamid Ibn Badis, Mostaganem, Algeria
| | - Muath Suliman
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed H Nafady
- Faculty of Applied Health Science Technology, Misr University for Science and Technology, Giza, 12568, Egypt.
| | - Talha Bin Emran
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh
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da Silva AF, Moreira AF, Miguel SP, Coutinho P. Recent advances in microalgae encapsulation techniques for biomedical applications. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 333:103297. [PMID: 39226799 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2024.103297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 08/28/2024] [Indexed: 09/05/2024]
Abstract
Microalgae are microorganisms that are rich in bioactive compounds, including pigments, proteins, lipids, and polysaccharides. These compounds can be utilized for a number of biomedical purposes, including drug delivery, wound healing, and tissue engineering. Nevertheless, encapsulating microalgae cells and microalgae bioactive metabolites is vital to protect them and prevent premature degradation. This also enables the development of intelligent controlled release strategies for the bioactive compounds. This review outlines the most employed encapsulation techniques for microalgae, with a particular focus on their biomedical applications. These include ionic gelation, oil-in-water emulsions, and spray drying. Such techniques have been widely explored, due to their ability to protect sensitive compounds from degradation, enhance their stability, extend their shelf life, mask undesirable tastes or odours, control the release of bioactive compounds, and enable targeted delivery to specific sites within the body or environment. Moreover, a patent landscape analysis is also provided, allowing an overview of the microalgae encapsulation technology development applied to a variety of fields, including pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, food, and agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Freire da Silva
- BRIDGES - Biotechnology Research, Innovation, and Design of Health Products, Polytechnic of Guarda, Av. Dr. Francisco Sá Carneiro, 50, 6300-559 Guarda, Portugal
| | - André F Moreira
- BRIDGES - Biotechnology Research, Innovation, and Design of Health Products, Polytechnic of Guarda, Av. Dr. Francisco Sá Carneiro, 50, 6300-559 Guarda, Portugal
| | - Sónia P Miguel
- BRIDGES - Biotechnology Research, Innovation, and Design of Health Products, Polytechnic of Guarda, Av. Dr. Francisco Sá Carneiro, 50, 6300-559 Guarda, Portugal
| | - Paula Coutinho
- BRIDGES - Biotechnology Research, Innovation, and Design of Health Products, Polytechnic of Guarda, Av. Dr. Francisco Sá Carneiro, 50, 6300-559 Guarda, Portugal.
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Panya A, Wathikthinnakon M, Thepmalee C, Chiawpanit C, Panwong S, Wutti-in Y, Vongchan P, Klangsinsirikul P, Sattayawat P, Pekkoh J. Polysaccharide extract of Spirulina sp. increases effector immune-cell killing activities against cholangiocarcinoma. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0312414. [PMID: 39446747 PMCID: PMC11500882 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0312414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 10/05/2024] [Indexed: 10/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Cyanobacteria and algae serving as promising food supplements have recently garnered attention for their emerging potential in anti-cancer activity. Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) or bile duct cancer is one of the top-leading cancers affecting people, particularly in Asian continent. With patients exhibiting no or minimal symptoms in the early stages, advanced CCA is often diagnosed, and primary treatments such as surgery may not be suitable. Discovery of natural bioactive compounds for cancer treatments have, thus, attracted attention as one of the effective means to combat CCA or to supplement primary treatments. In this work, ethanolic and polysaccharide extracts of cyanobacteria and algae were tested for their cytotoxicity against 2 CCA cell lines (KKU055 and KKU213A). The ethanolic extracts from Leptolyngbya sp. and Chlorella sp. demonstrated growth inhibition of both CCA cell lines, with IC50 values of 0.658 mg/mL and 0.687 mg/mL for KKU055, and 0.656 mg/mL and 0.450 mg/mL for KKU213A. In contrast, only the polysaccharide extracts from Sargassum spp. exhibited a remarkable cytotoxic effect, while the polysaccharide extract from Spirulina sp. showed slight effect only at a higher concentration (2 mg/mL). All tested extracts were further investigated for improving immune cell killing ability and showed that Spirulina sp. polysaccharide extract was able to improve the immune cell killing ability. This extract was then investigated for its effects on the immune cell population, which demonstrated to have positive impact on NK cell population. To further explore the potential use, synergistic effect of Spirulina sp. polysaccharide extract with an already-in-use chemotherapeutic drug, gemcitabine, on immune cell cytotoxicity was investigated. The results showed that the immune cell cytotoxicity was enhanced in the co-treatment compared to the use of each treatment separately. The most apparent difference was observed in KKU055 cells where % living cells were reduced from 78.96% (immune cell alone) to 20.93% when the combined gemcitabine and Spirulina sp. extracts were used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aussara Panya
- Cell Engineering for Cancer Therapy Research Group, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Methi Wathikthinnakon
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Chutamas Thepmalee
- Division of Biochemistry, School of Medical Sciences, University of Phayao, Mueang Phayao, Thailand
| | - Chutipa Chiawpanit
- Cell Engineering for Cancer Therapy Research Group, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Suthida Panwong
- Doctoral Program in Applied Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Yupanun Wutti-in
- Cell Engineering for Cancer Therapy Research Group, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Preeyanat Vongchan
- Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Phennapha Klangsinsirikul
- Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Pachara Sattayawat
- Cell Engineering for Cancer Therapy Research Group, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Jeeraporn Pekkoh
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
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Janota B, Szymanek B. The Influence of Diet and Its Components on the Development and Prevention of Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC). Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1030. [PMID: 38473387 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16051030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is diagnosed annually in nearly a million people worldwide, with approximately half of them being diagnosed at an advanced stage of the disease. Non-infectious risk factors for the development of HCC include an unbalanced lifestyle, including poor dietary choices characterized by a low intake of antioxidants, such as vitamins E and C, selenium, and polyphenols, as well as an excessive consumption of energy and harmful substances. Repeated bad dietary choices that contribute to an unbalanced lifestyle lead to the accumulation of fatty substances in the liver and to it entering an inflammatory state, which, without intervention, results in cirrhosis, the main cause of HCC. This review of the English language literature aims to present the food components that, when included in the daily diet, reduce the risk of developing HCC, as well as identifying foods that may have a carcinogenic effect on liver cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Janota
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Public Health in Bytom, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 41-902 Bytom, Poland
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Montuori E, Lima S, Marchese A, Scargiali F, Lauritano C. Lutein Production and Extraction from Microalgae: Recent Insights and Bioactive Potential. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2892. [PMID: 38474137 PMCID: PMC10931717 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Microalgae have been reported to be excellent producers of bioactive molecules. Lutein is a pigment reported to have various beneficial effects for humans, and especially for eye well-being. In the current review, we summarize various methods that have been developed to optimize its extraction and bioactivities reported for human health. Several protective effects have been reported for lutein, including antioxidant, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and cardioprotective activity. This review also reports attempts to increase lutein production by microalgae by changing culturing parameters or by using pilot-scale systems. Genetic engineering lutein production is also discussed. Considering the increasing aging of the worldwide population will create an increased need for lutein, a viable economic and eco-sustainable method to produce lutein is needed to face this market demand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Montuori
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy;
- Department of Ecosustainable Marine Biotechnology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Via Acton 55, 80133 Napoli, Italy
| | - Serena Lima
- Department of Engineering, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze ed. 6, 90128 Palermo, Italy; (S.L.); (A.M.); (F.S.)
| | - Arima Marchese
- Department of Engineering, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze ed. 6, 90128 Palermo, Italy; (S.L.); (A.M.); (F.S.)
| | - Francesca Scargiali
- Department of Engineering, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze ed. 6, 90128 Palermo, Italy; (S.L.); (A.M.); (F.S.)
| | - Chiara Lauritano
- Department of Ecosustainable Marine Biotechnology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Via Acton 55, 80133 Napoli, Italy
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Fang X, Li J, Zhang M, Yang L, Wang Y, Liu X, Zhang J. Pharmacokinetic investigation on the mechanism of interaction of anti-breast cancer calycosin with albumin: In vitro. ARAB J CHEM 2023; 16:105175. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2023.105175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2025] Open
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