1
|
Neagu AN, Josan CL, Jayaweera TM, Morrissiey H, Johnson KR, Darie CC. Bio-Pathological Functions of Posttranslational Modifications of Histological Biomarkers in Breast Cancer. Molecules 2024; 29:4156. [PMID: 39275004 PMCID: PMC11397409 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29174156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2024] [Revised: 08/23/2024] [Accepted: 08/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Proteins are the most common types of biomarkers used in breast cancer (BC) theranostics and management. By definition, a biomarker must be a relevant, objective, stable, and quantifiable biomolecule or other parameter, but proteins are known to exhibit the most variate and profound structural and functional variation. Thus, the proteome is highly dynamic and permanently reshaped and readapted, according to changing microenvironments, to maintain the local cell and tissue homeostasis. It is known that protein posttranslational modifications (PTMs) can affect all aspects of protein function. In this review, we focused our analysis on the different types of PTMs of histological biomarkers in BC. Thus, we analyzed the most common PTMs, including phosphorylation, acetylation, methylation, ubiquitination, SUMOylation, neddylation, palmitoylation, myristoylation, and glycosylation/sialylation/fucosylation of transcription factors, proliferation marker Ki-67, plasma membrane proteins, and histone modifications. Most of these PTMs occur in the presence of cellular stress. We emphasized that these PTMs interfere with these biomarkers maintenance, turnover and lifespan, nuclear or subcellular localization, structure and function, stabilization or inactivation, initiation or silencing of genomic and non-genomic pathways, including transcriptional activities or signaling pathways, mitosis, proteostasis, cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix (ECM) interactions, membrane trafficking, and PPIs. Moreover, PTMs of these biomarkers orchestrate all hallmark pathways that are dysregulated in BC, playing both pro- and/or antitumoral and context-specific roles in DNA damage, repair and genomic stability, inactivation/activation of tumor-suppressor genes and oncogenes, phenotypic plasticity, epigenetic regulation of gene expression and non-mutational reprogramming, proliferative signaling, endocytosis, cell death, dysregulated TME, invasion and metastasis, including epithelial-mesenchymal/mesenchymal-epithelial transition (EMT/MET), and resistance to therapy or reversal of multidrug therapy resistance. PTMs occur in the nucleus but also at the plasma membrane and cytoplasmic level and induce biomarker translocation with opposite effects. Analysis of protein PTMs allows for the discovery and validation of new biomarkers in BC, mainly for early diagnosis, like extracellular vesicle glycosylation, which may be considered as a potential source of circulating cancer biomarkers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anca-Narcisa Neagu
- Laboratory of Animal Histology, Faculty of Biology, "Alexandru Ioan Cuza" University of Iași, Carol I bvd. 20A, 700505 Iasi, Romania
| | - Claudiu-Laurentiu Josan
- Laboratory of Animal Histology, Faculty of Biology, "Alexandru Ioan Cuza" University of Iași, Carol I bvd. 20A, 700505 Iasi, Romania
| | - Taniya M Jayaweera
- Biochemistry & Proteomics Laboratories, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY 13699-5810, USA
| | - Hailey Morrissiey
- Biochemistry & Proteomics Laboratories, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY 13699-5810, USA
| | - Kaya R Johnson
- Biochemistry & Proteomics Laboratories, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY 13699-5810, USA
| | - Costel C Darie
- Biochemistry & Proteomics Laboratories, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY 13699-5810, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Jin Y, Yuan H, Liu Y, Zhu Y, Wang Y, Liang X, Gao W, Ren Z, Ji X, Wu D. Role of hydrogen sulfide in health and disease. MedComm (Beijing) 2024; 5:e661. [PMID: 39156767 PMCID: PMC11329756 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024] Open
Abstract
In the past, hydrogen sulfide (H2S) was recognized as a toxic and dangerous gas; in recent years, with increased research, we have discovered that H2S can act as an endogenous regulatory transmitter. In mammals, H2S-catalyzing enzymes, such as cystathionine-β-synthase, cystathionine-γ-lyase, and 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase, are differentially expressed in a variety of tissues and affect a variety of biological functions, such as transcriptional and posttranslational modification of genes, activation of signaling pathways in the cell, and metabolic processes in tissues, by producing H2S. Various preclinical studies have shown that H2S affects physiological and pathological processes in the body. However, a detailed systematic summary of these roles in health and disease is lacking. Therefore, this review provides a thorough overview of the physiological roles of H2S in different systems and the diseases associated with disorders of H2S metabolism, such as ischemia-reperfusion injury, hypertension, neurodegenerative diseases, inflammatory bowel disease, and cancer. Meanwhile, this paper also introduces H2S donors and novel release modes, as well as the latest preclinical experimental results, aiming to provide researchers with new ideas to discover new diagnostic targets and therapeutic options.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu‐Qing Jin
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein RegulationSchool of Basic Medical Sciences, School of StomatologyHenan UniversityKaifengHenanChina
| | - Hang Yuan
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein RegulationSchool of Basic Medical Sciences, School of StomatologyHenan UniversityKaifengHenanChina
| | - Ya‐Fang Liu
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein RegulationSchool of Basic Medical Sciences, School of StomatologyHenan UniversityKaifengHenanChina
| | - Yi‐Wen Zhu
- School of Clinical MedicineHenan UniversityKaifengHenanChina
| | - Yan Wang
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein RegulationSchool of Basic Medical Sciences, School of StomatologyHenan UniversityKaifengHenanChina
| | - Xiao‐Yi Liang
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein RegulationSchool of Basic Medical Sciences, School of StomatologyHenan UniversityKaifengHenanChina
| | - Wei Gao
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein RegulationSchool of Basic Medical Sciences, School of StomatologyHenan UniversityKaifengHenanChina
| | - Zhi‐Guang Ren
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein RegulationSchool of Basic Medical Sciences, School of StomatologyHenan UniversityKaifengHenanChina
| | - Xin‐Ying Ji
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein RegulationSchool of Basic Medical Sciences, School of StomatologyHenan UniversityKaifengHenanChina
- Faculty of Basic Medical SubjectsShu‐Qing Medical College of ZhengzhouZhengzhouHenanChina
| | - Dong‐Dong Wu
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein RegulationSchool of Basic Medical Sciences, School of StomatologyHenan UniversityKaifengHenanChina
- School of StomatologyHenan UniversityKaifengHenanChina
- Department of StomatologyHuaihe Hospital of Henan UniversityKaifengHenanChina
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Tian S, Liu W, Liu B, Ye F, Xu Z, Wan Q, Li Y, Zhang X. Mechanistic study of C 5F 10O-induced lung toxicity in rats: An eco-friendly insulating gas alternative to SF 6. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 916:170271. [PMID: 38262248 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
The global warming and other environmental problems caused by SF6 emissions can be reduced due to the widespread use of eco-friendly insulating gas, perfluoropentanone (C5F10O). However, there is an exposure risk to populations in areas near C5F10O equipment, so it is important to clarify its biosafety and pathogenesis before large-scale application. In this paper, histopathology, transcriptomics, 4D-DIA proteomics, and LC-MS metabolomics of rats exposed to 2000 ppm and 6000 ppm C5F10O are analyzed to reveal the mechanisms of toxicity and health risks. Histopathological shows that inflammatory cell infiltration, epithelial cell hyperplasia, and alveolar atrophy accompanied by alveolar wall thickening are present in both low-dose and high-dose groups. Analysis of transcriptomic and 4D-DIA proteomic show that Cell cycle and DNA replication can be activated by both 2000 ppm and 6000 ppm C5F10O to induce cell proliferation. In addition, it also leads to the activation of pathways such as Antigen processing and presentation, Cell adhesion molecules and Complement and coagulation cascades, T cell receptor signal path, Th1 and T cell receptor signal path, Th1 and Th2 cell differentiation, complement and coagulation cascades. Finally, LC-MS metabolomics analysis confirms that the metabolic pathways associated with glycerophospholipids, arachidonic acid, and linoleic acid are disrupted and become more severe with increasing doses. The mechanism of lung toxicity caused by C5F10O is systematically expounded based on the multi-omics analysis and provided biosafety references for further promotion and application of C5F10O.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuangshuang Tian
- Hubei Engineering Research Center for Safety Monitoring of New Energy and Power Grid Equipment, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
| | - Weihao Liu
- Hubei Engineering Research Center for Safety Monitoring of New Energy and Power Grid Equipment, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
| | - Benli Liu
- Hubei Engineering Research Center for Safety Monitoring of New Energy and Power Grid Equipment, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
| | - Fanchao Ye
- Hubei Engineering Research Center for Safety Monitoring of New Energy and Power Grid Equipment, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
| | - Zhenjie Xu
- School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qianqian Wan
- Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
| | - Yi Li
- School of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoxing Zhang
- Hubei Engineering Research Center for Safety Monitoring of New Energy and Power Grid Equipment, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China; School of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Citi V, Barresi E, Piragine E, Spezzini J, Testai L, Da Settimo F, Martelli A, Taliani S, Calderone V. Anti-Proliferative Properties of the Novel Hybrid Drug Met-ITC, Composed of the Native Drug Metformin with the Addition of an Isothiocyanate H 2S Donor Moiety, in Different Cancer Cell Lines. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16131. [PMID: 38003321 PMCID: PMC10671447 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Metformin (Met) is the first-line therapy in type 2 diabetes mellitus but, in last few years, it has also been evaluated as anti-cancer agent. Several pathways, such as AMPK or PI3K/Akt/mTOR, are likely to be involved in the anti-cancer Met activity. In addition, hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and H2S donors have been described as anti-cancer agents affecting cell-cycle and inducing apoptosis. Among H2S donors, isothiocyanates are endowed with a further anti-cancer mechanism: the inhibition of the histone deacetylase enzymes. On this basis, a hybrid molecule (Met-ITC) obtained through the addition of an isothiocyanate moiety to the Met molecule was designed and its ability to release Met has been demonstrated. Met-ITC exhibited more efficacy and potency than Met in inhibiting cancer cells (AsPC-1, MIA PaCa-2, MCF-7) viability and it was less effective on non-tumorigenic cells (MCF 10-A). The ability of Met-ITC to release H2S has been recorded both in cell-free and in cancer cells assays. Finally, its ability to affect the cell cycle and to induce both early and late apoptosis has been demonstrated on the most sensitive cell line (MCF-7). These results confirmed that Met-ITC is a new hybrid molecule endowed with potential anti-cancer properties derived both from Met and H2S.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Citi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (V.C.); (E.B.); (E.P.); (J.S.); (L.T.); (F.D.S.); (S.T.); (V.C.)
| | - Elisabetta Barresi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (V.C.); (E.B.); (E.P.); (J.S.); (L.T.); (F.D.S.); (S.T.); (V.C.)
- Center for Instrument Sharing of the University of Pisa (CISUP), University of Pisa, Lungarno Pacinotti 43/44, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Eugenia Piragine
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (V.C.); (E.B.); (E.P.); (J.S.); (L.T.); (F.D.S.); (S.T.); (V.C.)
| | - Jacopo Spezzini
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (V.C.); (E.B.); (E.P.); (J.S.); (L.T.); (F.D.S.); (S.T.); (V.C.)
| | - Lara Testai
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (V.C.); (E.B.); (E.P.); (J.S.); (L.T.); (F.D.S.); (S.T.); (V.C.)
- Center for Instrument Sharing of the University of Pisa (CISUP), University of Pisa, Lungarno Pacinotti 43/44, 56126 Pisa, Italy
- Interdepartmental Research Center “Biology and Pathology of Ageing”, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Federico Da Settimo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (V.C.); (E.B.); (E.P.); (J.S.); (L.T.); (F.D.S.); (S.T.); (V.C.)
- Center for Instrument Sharing of the University of Pisa (CISUP), University of Pisa, Lungarno Pacinotti 43/44, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Alma Martelli
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (V.C.); (E.B.); (E.P.); (J.S.); (L.T.); (F.D.S.); (S.T.); (V.C.)
- Center for Instrument Sharing of the University of Pisa (CISUP), University of Pisa, Lungarno Pacinotti 43/44, 56126 Pisa, Italy
- Interdepartmental Research Center “Biology and Pathology of Ageing”, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Sabrina Taliani
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (V.C.); (E.B.); (E.P.); (J.S.); (L.T.); (F.D.S.); (S.T.); (V.C.)
- Center for Instrument Sharing of the University of Pisa (CISUP), University of Pisa, Lungarno Pacinotti 43/44, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Calderone
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (V.C.); (E.B.); (E.P.); (J.S.); (L.T.); (F.D.S.); (S.T.); (V.C.)
- Center for Instrument Sharing of the University of Pisa (CISUP), University of Pisa, Lungarno Pacinotti 43/44, 56126 Pisa, Italy
- Interdepartmental Research Center “Biology and Pathology of Ageing”, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| |
Collapse
|