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Lian J, Luo Y, Zheng M, Zhang J, Liang J, Wen J, Guo X. Sleep-Dependent Anomalous Cortical Information Interaction in Patients With Depression. Front Neurosci 2022; 15:736426. [PMID: 35069093 PMCID: PMC8772413 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.736426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Depression is a prevalent mental illness with high morbidity and is considered the main cause of disability worldwide. Brain activity while sleeping is reported to be affected by such mental illness. To explore the change of cortical information flow during sleep in depressed patients, a delay symbolic phase transfer entropy of scalp electroencephalography signals was used to measure effective connectivity between cortical regions in various frequency bands and sleep stages. The patient group and the control group shared similar patterns of information flow between channels during sleep. Obvious information flows to the left hemisphere and to the anterior cortex were found. Moreover, the occiput tended to be the information driver, whereas the frontal regions played the role of the receiver, and the right hemispheric regions showed a stronger information drive than the left ones. Compared with healthy controls, such directional tendencies in information flow and the definiteness of role division in cortical regions were both weakened in patients in most frequency bands and sleep stages, but the beta band during the N1 stage was an exception. The computable sleep-dependent cortical interaction may provide clues to characterize cortical abnormalities in depressed patients and should be helpful for the diagnosis of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiakai Lian
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuxi Luo
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Sensing Technology and Biomedical Instruments, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Minglong Zheng
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiaxi Zhang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiuxing Liang
- Institute for Brain Research and Rehabilitation, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinfeng Wen
- Department of Psychology, Guangdong 999 Brain Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinwen Guo
- Department of Psychology, Guangdong 999 Brain Hospital, Guangzhou, China
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Casagrande M, Agostini F, Favieri F, Forte G, Giovannoli J, Guarino A, Marotta A, Doricchi F, Martella D. Age-Related Changes in Hemispherical Specialization for Attentional Networks. Brain Sci 2021; 11:1115. [PMID: 34573137 PMCID: PMC8467709 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci11091115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Many cognitive functions face a decline in the healthy elderly. Within the cognitive domains, both attentional processes and executive functions are impaired with aging. Attention includes three attentional networks, i.e., alerting, orienting, and executive control, showing a hemispheric lateralized pattern in adults. This lateralized pattern could play a role in modulating the efficiency of attentional networks. For these reasons, it could be relevant to analyze the age-related change of the hemispheric specialization of attentional networks. This study aims to clarify this aspect with a lateralized version of the Attentional Network Test for Interaction (ANTI)-Fruit. One hundred seventy-one participants took part in this study. They were divided in three age groups: youth (N = 57; range: 20-30); adults (N = 57; range 31-64), and elderly/older people (N = 57; range: 65-87). The results confirmed the previous outcomes on the efficiency and interactions among attentional networks. Moreover, an age-related generalized slowness was evidenced. These findings also support the hypothesis of a hemispheric asymmetry reduction in elderly/older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Casagrande
- Dipartimento di Psicologia Dinamica, Clinica e Salute, Università di Roma Sapienza, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Francesca Agostini
- Dipartimento di Psicologia, Università di Roma Sapienza, 00185 Roma, Italy; (F.A.); (F.F.); (G.F.); (J.G.); (A.G.); (F.D.)
| | - Francesca Favieri
- Dipartimento di Psicologia, Università di Roma Sapienza, 00185 Roma, Italy; (F.A.); (F.F.); (G.F.); (J.G.); (A.G.); (F.D.)
| | - Giuseppe Forte
- Dipartimento di Psicologia, Università di Roma Sapienza, 00185 Roma, Italy; (F.A.); (F.F.); (G.F.); (J.G.); (A.G.); (F.D.)
| | - Jasmine Giovannoli
- Dipartimento di Psicologia, Università di Roma Sapienza, 00185 Roma, Italy; (F.A.); (F.F.); (G.F.); (J.G.); (A.G.); (F.D.)
| | - Angela Guarino
- Dipartimento di Psicologia, Università di Roma Sapienza, 00185 Roma, Italy; (F.A.); (F.F.); (G.F.); (J.G.); (A.G.); (F.D.)
| | - Andrea Marotta
- Mind, Brain and Behavior Research Center (CIMCYC), University of Granada, 18011 Granada, Spain;
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Granada, 53005 Granada, Spain
| | - Fabrizio Doricchi
- Dipartimento di Psicologia, Università di Roma Sapienza, 00185 Roma, Italy; (F.A.); (F.F.); (G.F.); (J.G.); (A.G.); (F.D.)
| | - Diana Martella
- Facultad de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades, Instituto de Estudios Sociales y Humanísticos, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago 7500912, Chile
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Yu S, Feng F, Zhang Q, Shen Z, Wang Z, Hu Y, Gong L. Gray matter hypertrophy in primary insomnia: a surface-based morphometric study. Brain Imaging Behav 2021; 14:1309-1317. [PMID: 30511119 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-018-9992-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Studies have explored brain structural abnormalities in patients with primary insomnia (PI). However, most of them are based on volumetric measures, in a specific region of interest, and have small sample sizes. Here, we investigated changes in cortical morphology (thickness and volume) in PI using an advanced surface-based morphometric method. Sixty-seven patients with PI and 55 matched healthy controls were recruited for this study and underwent a structural magnetic resonance imaging scan. The reconstructed cortical surface was processed by Freesurfer 6.0. A general linear model was used to explore group differences in surface-based morphometric features. Furthermore, the association between these cortical features and clinical characteristics were assessed in the PI group. Compared to controls, PI patients showed cortical thickening in the left orbital frontal cortex (OFC), right rostral anterior cingulate cortex (rACC), left middle cingulate cortex (MCC), bilateral insula, left superior parietal lobule (SPL), and right fusiform area (FFA), and showed increased cortical volume in the left OFC, right rACC, bilateral rostral middle frontal gyrus, and right FFA. Cortical thickness in the right OFC and FFA was positively correlated with the severity of insomnia in the PI group, suggesting a right-lateralized relationship. This study was the first to explore multiple-scale cortical morphometric changes in a relatively large sample of PI patients. Our results suggest that hypertrophic cortical morphology may underlie the neuropathology of primary insomnia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyi Yu
- Department of Acupuncture & Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 37 Shierqiao Road, Chengdu, 610075, Sichuan, China
| | - Fen Feng
- Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610075, Sichuan, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Acupuncture & Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 37 Shierqiao Road, Chengdu, 610075, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhifu Shen
- Department of Acupuncture & Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 37 Shierqiao Road, Chengdu, 610075, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhengyan Wang
- Department of Pain Management, Sichuan Integrative Medicine Hospital, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Youping Hu
- Department of Acupuncture & Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 37 Shierqiao Road, Chengdu, 610075, Sichuan, China.
| | - Liang Gong
- Department of Neurology, Chengdu Second People's Hospital, No. 10 Qingyunnan Road, Chengdu, 610017, Sichuan, China. .,Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China.
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İnanç G, Özgören M, Öniz A. Sensory brain responses and lateralization in nonpainful tactile stimuli during sleep. NEUROL SCI NEUROPHYS 2021. [DOI: 10.4103/nsn.nsn_102_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Rezaei M, Mohammadi H, Khazaie H. Alpha-wave Characteristics in Psychophysiological Insomnia. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SIGNALS & SENSORS 2019; 9:259-266. [PMID: 31737555 PMCID: PMC6839435 DOI: 10.4103/jmss.jmss_51_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2018] [Revised: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Individuals with psychophysiological insomnia (Psych-Insomnia) would show raised cortical arousal through their initiating sleep. Frequent changes in the alpha activity can be indicative of visual cortical activation, even without visual stimulation or retinal input. Therefore, we aimed to investigate alpha-wave characteristics in Psych-Insomnia before and after sleep onset. In a case–control study, 11 individuals with Psych-Insomnia (age: 44.00 ± 13.27) and 11 age-, sex-, and body mass index-matched healthy individuals (age: 41.64 ± 15.89) were recruited for this study. An overnight polysomnography monitoring was performed. Alpha characteristics were calculated from wake before sleep onsets (WBSOs), wake after sleep onset, rapid eye movement, and nonrapid eye movement in the both groups. They include the alpha power and alpha frequency and their variability in the central region. In the WBSO, alpha activity and variability were higher in the Psych-Insomnia individuals compared to healthy individuals. In both groups, alpha frequency variability was observed at approximately 1 Hz. Alpha-wave synchronization in Psych-Insomnia individuals was higher than the group with normal sleep. Individuals with Psych-Insomnia have a lot of imagination in the wake before sleep, which can be caused by stress, everyday concerns, and daily concerns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Rezaei
- Sleep Disorders Research Center, Farabi Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Hiwa Mohammadi
- Sleep Disorders Research Center, Farabi Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Habibolah Khazaie
- Sleep Disorders Research Center, Farabi Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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Jeon HJ, Ha JH, Ryu SH, Yu J, Park DH. Reversed Hand Movement during Sleep in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea. Psychiatry Investig 2018; 15:884-890. [PMID: 30184612 PMCID: PMC6166035 DOI: 10.30773/pi.2018.08.07.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Previous findings suggest that hand movement laterality is reversed during sleep. The present study aimed to verify this phenomenon and evaluate whether the extent of reversal is correlated with the severity of sleep apnea. METHODS A total of 184 participants (mean age: 44.5±13.0 years; 81.5% males) wore actigraphs on both hands during sleep, and nocturnal polysomnography was simultaneously performed. RESULTS Actigraphic indices of hand movement were significantly higher for the left hand than those for the right hand (p<0.001), including total activity score, mean activity score, mean score in active periods and fragmentation index. Additionally, calculated differences between the fragmentation index for the left versus right hands were significantly correlated with the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI, r=0.149, p=0.032). The AHI was not significantly correlated with differences in hand movement between both hands movement assessed by total activity score (r=0.004, p=0.957), mean activity score (r=0.011, p=0.876), mean score in active periods (r=-0.080, p=0.255). CONCLUSION More severe symptoms of obstructive sleep apnea was associated with larger degree of hand movement reversal at night. This result support the theory that homeostatic deactivation occurs in the dominant hemisphere during sleep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Jun Jeon
- Department of Psychiatry, Konkuk University Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jee Hyun Ha
- Department of Psychiatry, Konkuk University Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Ho Ryu
- Department of Psychiatry, Konkuk University Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaehak Yu
- Department of Psychiatry, Konkuk University Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Doo-Heum Park
- Department of Psychiatry, Konkuk University Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Abstract
Changes in the frequency characteristics of EEG alpha rhythm in during falling asleep were studied in three healthy individuals under conditions of long-term isolation (MARS-500 project). Falling asleep was preceded by enhanced alpha rhythm frequency. An inverse correlation between the duration of falling asleep and prevailing alpha rhythm frequency during active and relaxed wakefulness was revealed in the left hemisphere. These results demonstrate the principal possibility of predicting the duration of falling asleep by using alpha rhythm spectral analysis. It is assumed that the frequency of the alpha range spectral peak can be a marker of drowsiness and reflect the current need for sleep.
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Shaw JJ, Monaghan P. Lateralised sleep spindles relate to false memory generation. Neuropsychologia 2017; 107:60-67. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2017.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Revised: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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9
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The borderlands of waking: Quantifying the transition from reflective thought to hallucination in sleep onset. Conscious Cogn 2016; 41:57-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.concog.2016.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2015] [Revised: 12/30/2015] [Accepted: 01/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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10
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Mascetti GG. Unihemispheric sleep and asymmetrical sleep: behavioral, neurophysiological, and functional perspectives. Nat Sci Sleep 2016; 8:221-38. [PMID: 27471418 PMCID: PMC4948738 DOI: 10.2147/nss.s71970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Sleep is a behavior characterized by a typical body posture, both eyes' closure, raised sensory threshold, distinctive electrographic signs, and a marked decrease of motor activity. In addition, sleep is a periodically necessary behavior and therefore, in the majority of animals, it involves the whole brain and body. However, certain marine mammals and species of birds show a different sleep behavior, in which one cerebral hemisphere sleeps while the other is awake. In dolphins, eared seals, and manatees, unihemispheric sleep allows them to have the benefits of sleep, breathing, thermoregulation, and vigilance. In birds, antipredation vigilance is the main function of unihemispheric sleep, but in domestic chicks, it is also associated with brain lateralization or dominance in the control of behavior. Compared to bihemispheric sleep, unihemispheric sleep would mean a reduction of the time spent sleeping and of the associated recovery processes. However, the behavior and health of aquatic mammals and birds does not seem at all impaired by the reduction of sleep. The neural mechanisms of unihemispheric sleep are unknown, but assuming that the neural structures involved in sleep in cetaceans, seals, and birds are similar to those of terrestrial mammals, it is suggested that they involve the interaction of structures of the hypothalamus, basal forebrain, and brain stem. The neural mechanisms promoting wakefulness dominate one side of the brain, while those promoting sleep predominates the other side. For cetaceans, unihemispheric sleep is the only way to sleep, while in seals and birds, unihemispheric sleep events are intermingled with bihemispheric and rapid eye movement sleep events. Electroencephalogram hemispheric asymmetries are also reported during bihemispheric sleep, at awakening, and at sleep onset, as well as being associated with a use-dependent process (local sleep).
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Siclari F, Bernardi G, Riedner BA, LaRocque JJ, Benca RM, Tononi G. Two distinct synchronization processes in the transition to sleep: a high-density electroencephalographic study. Sleep 2014; 37:1621-37. [PMID: 25197810 DOI: 10.5665/sleep.4070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2013] [Accepted: 03/30/2014] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess how the characteristics of slow waves and spindles change in the falling-asleep process. DESIGN Participants undergoing overnight high-density electroencephalographic recordings were awakened at 15- to 30-min intervals. One hundred forty-one falling-asleep periods were analyzed at the scalp and source level. SETTING Sleep laboratory. PARTICIPANTS Six healthy participants. INTERVENTIONS Serial awakenings. RESULTS The number and amplitude of slow waves followed two dissociated, intersecting courses during the transition to sleep: slow wave number increased slowly at the beginning and rapidly at the end of the falling-asleep period, whereas amplitude at first increased rapidly and then decreased linearly. Most slow waves occurring early in the transition to sleep had a large amplitude, a steep slope, involved broad regions of the cortex, predominated over frontomedial regions, and preferentially originated from the sensorimotor and the posteromedial parietal cortex. Most slow waves occurring later had a smaller amplitude and slope, involved more circumscribed parts of the cortex, and had more evenly distributed origins. Spindles were initially sparse, fast, and involved few cortical regions, then became more numerous and slower, and involved more areas. CONCLUSIONS Our results provide evidence for two types of slow waves, which follow dissociated temporal courses in the transition to sleep and have distinct cortical origins and distributions. We hypothesize that these two types of slow waves result from two distinct synchronization processes: (1) a "bottom-up," subcorticocortical, arousal system-dependent process that predominates in the early phase and leads to type I slow waves, and (2) a "horizontal," corticocortical synchronization process that predominates in the late phase and leads to type II slow waves. The dissociation between these two synchronization processes in time and space suggests that they may be differentially affected by experimental manipulations and sleep disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Siclari
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Giulio Bernardi
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin and Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Pisa, Italy and Clinical Psychology Branch, University of Pisa, AOUP Santa Chiara, Pisa, Italy
| | - Brady A Riedner
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Joshua J LaRocque
- Medical Scientist Training Program and Neuroscience Training Program, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Ruth M Benca
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Giulio Tononi
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin
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Losing the left side of the world: rightward shift in human spatial attention with sleep onset. Sci Rep 2014; 4:5092. [PMID: 24867667 PMCID: PMC4035582 DOI: 10.1038/srep05092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2013] [Accepted: 05/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Unilateral brain damage can lead to a striking deficit in awareness of stimuli on one side of space called Spatial Neglect. Patient studies show that neglect of the left is markedly more persistent than of the right and that its severity increases under states of low alertness. There have been suggestions that this alertness-spatial awareness link may be detectable in the general population. Here, healthy human volunteers performed an auditory spatial localisation task whilst transitioning in and out of sleep. We show, using independent electroencephalographic measures, that normal drowsiness is linked with a remarkable unidirectional tendency to mislocate left-sided stimuli to the right. The effect may form a useful healthy model of neglect and help in understanding why leftward inattention is disproportionately persistent after brain injury. The results also cast light on marked changes in conscious experience before full sleep onset.
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Matchock RL, Mordkoff JT. Effects of sleep stage and sleep episode length on the alerting, orienting, and conflict components of attention. Exp Brain Res 2013; 232:811-20. [DOI: 10.1007/s00221-013-3790-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2013] [Accepted: 11/19/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Schredl M, Beaton AA, Henley-Einion J, Blagrove M. Reduced dream-recall frequency in left-handed adolescents: A replication. Laterality 2013; 19:473-88. [DOI: 10.1080/1357650x.2013.862257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Piryatinska A, Woyczynski WA, Scher MS, Loparo KA. Optimal channel selection for analysis of EEG-sleep patterns of neonates. COMPUTER METHODS AND PROGRAMS IN BIOMEDICINE 2012; 106:14-26. [PMID: 22000642 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmpb.2011.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2011] [Revised: 07/05/2011] [Accepted: 08/11/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
This paper extends our previous work on automated detection and classification of neonate EEG sleep stages. In [19] we adapted and integrated a range of computational, mathematical and statistical tools for the analysis of neonatal electroencephalogram (EEG) sleep recordings with the aim of facilitating the assessment of neonatal brain maturation and dismaturity by studying the structure and temporal patterns of their sleep. That work relied on algorithms using a single channel of EEG. The present paper builds on our previous work by incorporating a larger selection of EEG channels that capture both the spatial distribution and temporal patterns of EEG during sleep. Using a multivariate analysis approach, we obtain the "optimal" selection of the EEG channels and characteristics that are most suitable for EEG sleep state separation.
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16
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Hecht D. Depression and the hyperactive right-hemisphere. Neurosci Res 2010; 68:77-87. [PMID: 20603163 DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2010.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2010] [Revised: 06/24/2010] [Accepted: 06/28/2010] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Depression is associated with an inter-hemispheric imbalance; a hyperactive right-hemisphere (RH) and a relatively hypoactive left-hemisphere (LH). Nevertheless, the underlying mechanisms which can explain why depression is associated with a RH dominance remain elusive. This article points out the potential links between functional cerebral asymmetries and specific symptoms and features of depression. There is evidence that the RH is selectively involved in processing negative emotions, pessimistic thoughts and unconstructive thinking styles--all which comprise the cognitive phenomenology of depression and in turn contribute to the elevated anxiety, stress and pain associated with the illness. Additionally, the RH mediates vigilance and arousal which may explain the sleep disturbances often reported in depression. The RH had also been linked with self-reflection, accounting for the tendency of depressed individuals to withdraw from their external environments and focus attention inward. Physiologically, RH activation is associated with hyprecortisolemia, which contributes to the deterioration of the immune system functioning and puts depressed patients at a greater risk of developing other illnesses, accounting for depression's high comorbidity with other diseases. Conversely, the LH is specifically involved in processing pleasurable experiences, and its relative attenuation is in line with the symptoms of anhedonia that characterize depression. The LH is also relatively more involved in decision-making processes, accounting for the indecisiveness that is often accompanied with depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Hecht
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, 17 Queen Square, London WC1N3AR, UK.
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17
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Natale V, Lehnkering H, Siegmund R. Handedness and circadian motor asymmetries in humans: Preliminary findings. Physiol Behav 2010; 100:322-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2010.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2009] [Revised: 02/26/2010] [Accepted: 03/09/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Saunamäki T, Jehkonen M, Huupponen E, Polo O, Himanen SL. Visual dysfunction and computational sleep depth changes in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Clin EEG Neurosci 2009; 40:162-7. [PMID: 19715178 DOI: 10.1177/155005940904000308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The aims of this study are to clarify whether patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) have a decline in verbally or visually-based cognitive abilities and whether the possible decline is related to particular sleep depth changes. In addition, the effect of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) on the possible changes is investigated. Fifteen OSAS patients and 15 healthy controls joined two full-night polysomnographies, including a computational measure of deep sleep percentage (DS%) bilaterally from the frontal, central and occipital channels, and a neuropsychological assessment. After a 6-month CPAP the patients underwent one more full-night polysomnography with computational DS% analysis and a neuropsychological assessment. At the baseline, the OSAS patients had poorer performance in the Picture Completion, in the Digit Symbol and in copying the Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure Test (ROCFT) compared to the controls. The patients also showed reduced DS% in all 6 electrographic (EEG) channels compared to controls. The patients had an inter-hemispheric difference showing less deep sleep in the right hemisphere than in the left hemisphere both frontopolarly and centrally, while the controls showed this inter-hemispheric difference only frontopolarly. After CPAP the patients still had poorer performance in the Picture Completion and in the ROCFT. The patients continued to show reduced DS% in all 3 channels of the right hemisphere and occipitally in the left hemisphere, also the inter-hemispheric difference frontopolarly and centrally remained. OSAS patients have mild visually based cognitive dysfunction and reduced amount of deep sleep in the right hemisphere even after CPAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiia Saunamäki
- Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation, Tampere University Hospital, and Department of Psychology, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland.
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Casagrande M, Bertini M. Night-time right hemisphere superiority and daytime left hemisphere superiority: A repatterning of laterality across wake–sleep–wake states. Biol Psychol 2008; 77:337-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2007.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2007] [Revised: 11/04/2007] [Accepted: 11/11/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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