1
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Luo X, Zhao D, Gao Y, Yang Z, Wang D, Mei G. Implicit weight bias: shared neural substrates for overweight and angry facial expressions revealed by cross-adaptation. Cereb Cortex 2024; 34:bhae128. [PMID: 38566513 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhae128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
The perception of facial expression plays a crucial role in social communication, and it is known to be influenced by various facial cues. Previous studies have reported both positive and negative biases toward overweight individuals. It is unclear whether facial cues, such as facial weight, bias facial expression perception. Combining psychophysics and event-related potential technology, the current study adopted a cross-adaptation paradigm to examine this issue. The psychophysical results of Experiments 1A and 1B revealed a bidirectional cross-adaptation effect between overweight and angry faces. Adapting to overweight faces decreased the likelihood of perceiving ambiguous emotional expressions as angry compared to adapting to normal-weight faces. Likewise, exposure to angry faces subsequently caused normal-weight faces to appear thinner. These findings were corroborated by bidirectional event-related potential results, showing that adaptation to overweight faces relative to normal-weight faces modulated the event-related potential responses of emotionally ambiguous facial expression (Experiment 2A); vice versa, adaptation to angry faces relative to neutral faces modulated the event-related potential responses of ambiguous faces in facial weight (Experiment 2B). Our study provides direct evidence associating overweight faces with facial expression, suggesting at least partly common neural substrates for the perception of overweight and angry faces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Luo
- School of Psychology, Guizhou Normal University, Huaxi University Town, Guian New District, Guiyang 550025China
| | - Danning Zhao
- School of Psychology, Guizhou Normal University, Huaxi University Town, Guian New District, Guiyang 550025China
| | - Yi Gao
- School of Psychology, Georgia Institute of Technology, 654 Cherry St NW, Atlanta, GA 30332, United States
| | - Zhihao Yang
- School of Psychology, Guizhou Normal University, Huaxi University Town, Guian New District, Guiyang 550025China
| | - Da Wang
- School of Psychology, Guizhou Normal University, Huaxi University Town, Guian New District, Guiyang 550025China
| | - Gaoxing Mei
- School of Psychology, Guizhou Normal University, Huaxi University Town, Guian New District, Guiyang 550025China
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2
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Li C, Ma X, Zhu C, Cao X. The recovery speed of category sensitive N170 responses to faces and Chinese characters. Brain Res 2019; 1723:146384. [PMID: 31421129 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2019.146384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Revised: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Neural selectivity of N170 responses is important for understanding face, word, and object processing in the brain. However, the recovery times of neural selective responses remain unclear. In the present study, we used an adaptation paradigm to test the recovery speed of N170 responses to faces and Chinese characters. The findings revealed that recovery of N170 responses elicited by faces occurred between 1400 and 1800 ms after stimulus onset, whereas those elicited by Chinese characters occurred between 600 and 800 ms. These results demonstrate that N170 responses involved in the processing of faces and Chinese characters exhibit category sensitive recovery speeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenglin Li
- Department of Psychology, Zhejiang Normal University, 321001 Jinhua, China; Department of Biological Psychology and Cognitive Neurosciences, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Xiaoli Ma
- Department of Psychology, Zhejiang Normal University, 321001 Jinhua, China; Institut für Psychologie, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Cuiyin Zhu
- Department of Psychology, Zhejiang Normal University, 321001 Jinhua, China
| | - Xiaohua Cao
- Department of Psychology, Zhejiang Normal University, 321001 Jinhua, China.
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4
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Zhu C, Ma X, Ji L, Chen S, Cao X. Sex Differences in Categorical Adaptation for Faces and Chinese Characters during Early Perceptual Processing. Front Hum Neurosci 2018; 11:656. [PMID: 29375350 PMCID: PMC5770371 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2017.00656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2017] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous event-related potential studies support sex differences in the N170 response during face and word processing; however, it remains unclear whether N170 categorical adaptation for faces and words is different between women and men. Using an adaptation paradigm, in which an adaptor and subsequent test stimulus are presented during each trial, the present study investigated N170 categorical adaptation for faces and Chinese characters in both women and men. The results demonstrated that the N170 amplitude elicited by test stimuli in within-category condition was lower than in control category condition, and this was observed during both face and Chinese character processing in women and men. In addition, we found that men have greater N170 categorical adaptation for face and word processing than women. There was also a significant correlation between N170 categorical adaptation indices for face and Chinese character processing in men, which did not occur in women. These findings suggest that men and women process repeated faces or words differently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuiyin Zhu
- Department of Psychology, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
| | - Xiaoli Ma
- Department of Psychology, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
| | - Lihong Ji
- Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shuang Chen
- Department of Psychology, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
| | - Xiaohua Cao
- Department of Psychology, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaohua Cao
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6
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Zhao W, Zhang Q, Yu P, Zhang Z, Chen X, Gu H, Zhai J, Chen M, Du B, Deng X, Ji F, Wang C, Xiang YT, Li D, Wu H, Dong Q, Luo Y, Li J, Chen C. The ANK3 gene and facial affect processing: An ERP study. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 2016; 171:861-6. [PMID: 27177275 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.b.32456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2016] [Accepted: 04/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
ANK3 is one of the most promising candidate genes for bipolar disorder (BD). A polymorphism (rs10994336) within the ANK3 gene has been associated with BD in at least three genome-wide association studies of BD [McGuffin et al., 2003; Kieseppä, 2004; Edvardsen et al., 2008]. Because facial affect processing is disrupted in patients with BD, the current study aimed to explore whether the BD risk alleles are associated with the N170, an early event-related potential (ERP) component related to facial affect processing. We collected data from two independent samples of healthy individuals (Ns = 83 and 82, respectively) to test the association between rs10994336 and an early event-related potential (ERP) component (N170) that is sensitive to facial affect processing. Repeated-measures analysis of covariance in both samples consistently revealed significant main effects of rs10994336 genotype (Sample I: F (1, 72) = 7.24, P = 0.009; Sample II: F (1, 69) = 11.81, P = 0.001), but no significant interaction of genotype × electrodes (Ps > 0.05) or genotype × emotional conditions (Ps > 0.05). These results suggested that rs10994336 was linked to early ERP component reflecting facial structural encoding during facial affect processing. These results shed new light on the brain mechanism of this risk SNP and associated disorders such as BD. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, P.R. China.,Center for Collaboration and Innovation in Brain and Learning Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Qiumei Zhang
- School of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong Province, P.R. China
| | - Ping Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, P.R. China.,Center for Collaboration and Innovation in Brain and Learning Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Zhifang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, P.R. China.,Center for Collaboration and Innovation in Brain and Learning Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Xiongying Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, P.R. China.,Center for Collaboration and Innovation in Brain and Learning Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Huang Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, P.R. China.,Center for Collaboration and Innovation in Brain and Learning Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Jinguo Zhai
- School of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong Province, P.R. China
| | - Min Chen
- School of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong Province, P.R. China
| | - Boqi Du
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, P.R. China.,Center for Collaboration and Innovation in Brain and Learning Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoxiang Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, P.R. China.,Center for Collaboration and Innovation in Brain and Learning Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Feng Ji
- School of Mental Health, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong Province, P.R. China
| | | | - Yu-Tao Xiang
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau, P.R. China
| | - Dawei Li
- Center for Cognitive Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Hongjie Wu
- Shengli Hospital of Shengli Petroleum Administration Bureau, Dongying, Shandong Province, P.R. China
| | - Qi Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, P.R. China.,Center for Collaboration and Innovation in Brain and Learning Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Yuejia Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, P.R. China.,Center for Collaboration and Innovation in Brain and Learning Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Jun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, P.R. China.,Center for Collaboration and Innovation in Brain and Learning Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Chuansheng Chen
- Department of Psychology and Social Behavior, University of California, Irvine, California
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7
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Zimmer M, Zbanţ A, Németh K, Kovács G. Adaptation Duration Dissociates Category-, Image-, and Person-Specific Processes on Face-Evoked Event-Related Potentials. Front Psychol 2015; 6:1945. [PMID: 26733925 PMCID: PMC4686601 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2015.01945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Accepted: 12/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Several studies demonstrated that face perception is biased by the prior presentation of another face, a phenomenon termed as face-related after-effect (FAE). FAE is linked to a neural signal-reduction at occipito-temporal areas and it can be observed in the amplitude modulation of the early event-related potential (ERP) components. Recently, macaque single-cell recording studies suggested that manipulating the duration of the adaptor makes the selective adaptation of different visual motion processing steps possible. To date, however, only a few studies tested the effects of adaptor duration on the electrophysiological correlates of human face processing directly. The goal of the current study was to test the effect of adaptor duration on the image-, identity-, and generic category-specific face processing steps. To this end, in a two-alternative forced choice familiarity decision task we used five adaptor durations (ranging from 200-5000 ms) and four adaptor categories: adaptor and test were identical images-Repetition Suppression (RS); adaptor and test were different images of the Same Identity (SameID); adaptor and test images depicted Different Identities (DiffID); the adaptor was a Fourier phase-randomized image (No). Behaviorally, a strong priming effect was observed in both accuracy and response times for RS compared with both DiffID and No. The electrophysiological results suggest that rapid adaptation leads to a category-specific modulation of P100, N170, and N250. In addition, both identity and image-specific processes affected the N250 component during rapid adaptation. On the other hand, prolonged (5000 ms) adaptation enhanced, and extended category-specific adaptation processes over all tested ERP components. Additionally, prolonged adaptation led to the emergence of image-, and identity-specific modulations on the N170 and P2 components as well. In other words, there was a clear dissociation among category, identity-, and image-specific processing steps in the case of longer (3500 and 5000 ms) but not for shorter durations (< 3500 ms), reflected in the gradual reduction of N170 and enhancement of P2 in the No, DiffID, SameID, and RS conditions. Our findings imply that by manipulating adaptation duration one can dissociate the various steps of human face processing, reflected in the ERP response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Márta Zimmer
- Department of Cognitive Science, Budapest University of Technology and Economics Budapest, Hungary
| | - Adriana Zbanţ
- Faculty of Philosophy and Education, University of Vienna Vienna, Austria
| | - Kornél Németh
- Department of Cognitive Science, Budapest University of Technology and Economics Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gyula Kovács
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute of Psychology, Friedrich Schiller University JenaJena, Germany; DFG Research Unit Person Perception, Friedrich Schiller University JenaJena, Germany
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8
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Cao X, Yang Q, Hu F. Eyeglasses elicit effects similar to face-like perceptual expertise: evidence from the N170 response. Exp Brain Res 2015; 234:883-91. [PMID: 26670904 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-015-4525-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2015] [Accepted: 12/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Studies of event-related potentials show that the specific N170 response has become a stable electrophysiological hallmark of objects related to expertise in early perceptual processing. In the present study, we investigated whether eyeglasses can elicit N170 effects similar to those elicited by objects of expertise. Our results showed that the N170 response elicited by eyeglasses was larger than the response elicited by objects that do not generate perceptual expertise (e.g., houses). Importantly, we found that eyeglasses could produce a within-category N170 adaptation effect, similar to that produced in response to objects of expertise (e.g., faces). Our results have revealed for the first time that with a large amount of experience, eyeglasses could evoke the face-like N170 response, which suggested that eyeglasses may become an object of perceptual expertise to some human observers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohua Cao
- Department of Psychology, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321001, China.
| | - Qi Yang
- Department of Psychology, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321001, China
| | - Fengpei Hu
- School of Management, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
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