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Wen X, Cui L, Lin H, Zhu W, Shao Z, Wang Y. Comparison of nitrification performance in SBR and SBBR with response to NaCl salinity shock: Microbial structure and functional genes. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 252:118917. [PMID: 38636642 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Ammonia removal by nitrifiers at the extremely high salinity poses a great challenge for saline wastewater treatment. Sequencing batch reactor (SBR) was conducted with a stepwise increase of salinity from 10 to 40 g-NaCl·L-1, while sequencing batch biofilm reactor (SBBR) with one-step salinity enhancement, their nitrification performance, microbial structure and interaction were evaluated. Both SBR and SBBR can achieve high-efficiency nitrification (98% ammonia removal) at 40 g-NaCl·L-1. However, SBBR showed more stable nitrification performance than SBR at 40 g-NaCl·L-1 after a shorter adaptation period of 4-15 d compared to previous studies. High-throughput sequencing and metagenomic analysis demonstrated that the abundance and capability of conventional ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (Nitrosomonas) were suppressed in SBBR relative to SBR. Gelidibacter, Anaerolineales were the predominant genus in SBBR, which were not found in SBR. NorB and nosZ responsible for reducing NO to N2O and reducing N2O to N2 respectively had s strong synergistic effect in SBBR. This study will provide a valuable reference for the startup of nitrification process within a short period of time under the extremely high NaCl salinity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuezhe Wen
- School of Advanced Manufacturing, Fuzhou University, 362251, Jinjiang, Fujian, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Biogenetic Resources, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 361005, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
| | - Liang Cui
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biogenetic Resources, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 361005, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
| | - Huali Lin
- School of Advanced Manufacturing, Fuzhou University, 362251, Jinjiang, Fujian, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Biogenetic Resources, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 361005, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
| | - Wenqiang Zhu
- School of Advanced Manufacturing, Fuzhou University, 362251, Jinjiang, Fujian, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Biogenetic Resources, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 361005, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
| | - Zongze Shao
- School of Advanced Manufacturing, Fuzhou University, 362251, Jinjiang, Fujian, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Biogenetic Resources, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 361005, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
| | - Yong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biogenetic Resources, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 361005, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
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Kim J, Direstiyani LC, Jeong S, Kim Y, Park S, Yu J, Lee T. Feeding strategy for single-stage deammonification to treat moderate-strength ammonium under low free ammonia conditions. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 857:159661. [PMID: 36302418 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Single-stage deammonification (SSD) processes have been successfully operated using the step-feeding strategy to treat high-strength NH4+ (>300 mg/L), but often failed to treat moderate-strength NH4+ (100-300 mg/L). Because it is hard to maintain the free ammonia (FA) above 1 mg/L, which is a concentration in which the activity of NO2- oxidizing bacteria (NOB) can be selectively suppressed. In this study, to evaluate the effectiveness of the step-feeding strategy on the long-term stability of treating moderate-strength NH4+, two SSD sequential-batch reactors (SBRs) were operated under one-step feeding and multi-step feeding strategies. The one-step feeding SBR achieved a higher nitrogen removal efficiency (86 %), nitrogen removal rate (0.61 kg/m3/d), and COD removal efficiency (95 %) than the multi-step feeding SBR (73 %, 0.39 kg/m3/d, and 95 %, respectively). This means the appropriate FA to selectively suppress NOB activity was successfully maintained in the one-step feeding SBR (FA > 1 mg/L). Therefore, it the necessary to apply a step feed strategy that can be maintained above FA (1 mg/L) from the start-up of operation to treat moderate-strength NH4+.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeongmi Kim
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Lucky Caesar Direstiyani
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, Depok 16424, Indonesia
| | - Soyeon Jeong
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeonju Kim
- Disaster Scientific Investigation Division, National Disaster Management Research Institute, Ulsan 44538, Republic of Korea
| | - Seongjae Park
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaecheul Yu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea; Institute for Environment and Energy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Taeho Lee
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea.
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Song M, Park J, Jeon J, Ha YG, Cho YR, Koo HJ, Kim W, Bae H. Application of poly (vinyl alcohol)-cryogels to immobilizing nitrifiers: Enhanced tolerance to shear stress-induced destruction and viability control. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 855:158835. [PMID: 36122708 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The hardness of poly (vinyl alcohol)-cryogels (PVA-CGs) was improved under three parameter conditions: 7.5 %-12.5 % PVA, 1-5 freezing-thawing cycles (FTCs), and the addition of 0 %-10 % glycerol as a cryoprotectant. This study investigated the effects of shear stress-induced destruction (SSID) on mechanical strength by inducing rapid erosion with a high frictional force. Tolerance to SSID (Tol-SSID) exhibited different sensitivities and trends depending on the above three fabrication parameters. The measured Tol-SSID exhibited consistent and inconsistent trends with tensile strength and swelling, respectively. Tol-SSID evaluation provides new insights into the practically meaningful mechanical strength of PVA-CGs against strong friction, which simulates extreme shear stress in a bioreactor. A PVA-CG with a PVA concentration of 10 % and in two FTCs resulted in Tol-SSID and tensile strength of 88.3 % and 0.59 kPa, respectively. Here, 5 % glycerol was added to maintain the bacterial respiration activity of immobilized nitrifiers of 0.097 mg-O2/g-VSS·min and survival of 88.6 %. The continuous mode of nitrification using the optimized PVA-CG for 10 days resulted in an ammonia removal rate of 0.2173 kg-N/m3·d, which is an improvement over cases without glycerol addition: 0.1426 and 0.1472 kg-N/m3·d for PVA-CGs in two and three FTCs, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minsu Song
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University, 63 Busandeahak-ro, Geumjeong-Gu, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihye Park
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University, 63 Busandeahak-ro, Geumjeong-Gu, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Junbeom Jeon
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University, 63 Busandeahak-ro, Geumjeong-Gu, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea; Institute for Environment and Energy, Pusan National University, 63 Busandeahak-ro, Geumjeong-Gu, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Geun Ha
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Pusan National University, 63 Busandeahak-ro, Geumjeong-Gu, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Rae Cho
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Pusan National University, 63 Busandeahak-ro, Geumjeong-Gu, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung-Jun Koo
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, 232 Gongneung-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01811, Republic of Korea
| | - Woong Kim
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyokwan Bae
- Department of Urban and Environmental Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Eonyang-eup, Ulju-gun, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea; Graduate School of Carbon Neutrality, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea.
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Hao ZL, Ali A, Ren Y, Su JF, Wang Z. A mechanistic review on aerobic denitrification for nitrogen removal in water treatment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 847:157452. [PMID: 35868390 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The traditional biological nitrogen removal technology consists of two steps: nitrification by autotrophs in aerobic circumstances and denitrification by heterotrophs in anaerobic situations; however, this technology requires a huge area and stringent environmental conditions. Researchers reached the conclusion that the denitrification process could also be carried out in aerobic circumstances with the discovery of aerobic denitrification. The aerobic denitrification process is carried out by aerobic denitrifying bacteria (ADB), most of which are heterotrophic bacteria that can metabolize various forms of nitrogen compounds under aerobic conditions and directly convert ammonia nitrogen to N2 for discharge from the system. Despite the fact that there is no universal agreement on the mechanism of aerobic denitrification, this article reviewed four current explanations for the denitrification mechanism of ADB, including the microenvironment theory, theory of enzyme, electron transport bottlenecks theory, and omics study, and summarized the parameters affecting the denitrification efficiency of ADB in terms of carbon source, temperature, dissolved oxygen (DO), and pH. It also discussed the current status of the application of aerobic denitrification in practical processes. Following the review, the difficulties of present aerobic denitrification technology are outlined and future research options are highlighted. This review may help to improve the design of current wastewater treatment facilities by utilizing ADB for effective nitrogen removal and provide the engineers with relevant references.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Le Hao
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Amjad Ali
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Yi Ren
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Jun-Feng Su
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China.
| | - Zhao Wang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
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Wang Z, Zheng M, He C, Hu Z, Yu Y, Wang W. Enhanced treatment of low-temperature and low carbon/nitrogen ratio wastewater by corncob-based fixed bed bioreactor coupled sequencing batch reactor. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 351:126975. [PMID: 35276374 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.126975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a combined corncob-based fixed bed bioreactor and sequencing batch reactor system (CCF-SBR) was developed to treat low-temperature (3-12 °C) and low carbon/nitrogen ratio (C/N = 2) wastewater with a single SBR as the control. Results showed similarly low COD concentration of CCF-SBR (20.4 ± 3.7 mg·L-1) and control SBR (24.9 ± 6.7 mg·L-1) effluent. However, the total nitrogen (TN) removal rate of CCF-SBR was significantly higher than that of control SBR (29.6 ± 2.7% vs 8.6 ± 2.3%). According to the nitrification and denitrification activities and the analysis of microbial community, CCF mainly played the role of denitrification based on fermentation genera and denitrifying genera, and SBR mainly implemented nitrification with Nitrospira and Acinetobacter. This study explores a promising way for agricultural waste resource utilization and wastewater treatment under low-temperature and low C/N ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiming Wang
- Department of Municipal Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China; Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Rural Water Environment and Resources, Hefei 230009, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Industrial Wastewater and Environmental Treatment, Hefei 230024, China
| | - Mengqi Zheng
- Department of Municipal Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China; Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Rural Water Environment and Resources, Hefei 230009, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Industrial Wastewater and Environmental Treatment, Hefei 230024, China.
| | - Chunhua He
- Department of Municipal Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China; Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Rural Water Environment and Resources, Hefei 230009, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Industrial Wastewater and Environmental Treatment, Hefei 230024, China
| | - Zhenhu Hu
- Department of Municipal Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China; Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Rural Water Environment and Resources, Hefei 230009, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Industrial Wastewater and Environmental Treatment, Hefei 230024, China
| | - Yipeng Yu
- Hefei Municipal Design Institute Co., Ltd, Hefei 230041, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Municipal Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China; Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Rural Water Environment and Resources, Hefei 230009, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Industrial Wastewater and Environmental Treatment, Hefei 230024, China
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di Biase A, Flores-Orozco D, Patidar R, Kowalski MS, Jabari P, Kumar A, Devlin TR, Oleszkiewicz JA. Performance and recovery of nitrifying biofilm after exposure to prolonged starvation. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 290:133323. [PMID: 34921854 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.133323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Achieving consistent ammonia removal in post-lagoon processes faces two major challenges impacting nitrifiers due to the unique seasonal variation of lagoon-based systems: summer to winter temperature drop and summer to fall ammonia starvation period while lagoon is removing ammonia. The objective of this study was to follow microbial diversity and define conditions that could overcome these challenges in a post-lagoon moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) operated at an initial surface area loading rate (SALR) of 0.3 g-NH4-N m-2d-1 from mesophilic (20 °C) to psychrophilic (4 °C). Initially the temperature was maintained at 20 °C and decreased to 10 °C until steady state was achieved. During starvation conditions (i.e., continuous, intermittent and no aeration without inflow; decanted media; and intermittent and continuous ammonia supplement) the temperature was decreased by 2 °C per week until 4 °C. The results indicated that operational procedures, such as intermittent ammonia supplement with SALR of 0.15 g-NH4-N m-2d-1 could improve performance with 80% ammonia removal achieved immediately after starvation period. Intermittent ammonia supplement had produced the greatest biofilm preservation comparable to the initial load with the highest specific and surface area removal rates. In the recovery phase (initial load restoration) 10 days were required to reestablish performance above 95% ammonia removal. When temperature was decreased from mesophilic to psychrophilic, the microbial diversity was found higher when starving biofilm compared to the control operated at the initial load while it converged to a similar population over recovery. The main actors associated to nitrification enriched at psychrophilic conditions were Proteobacteria and Bacteriodotes at phyla level. Ammonia oxidation to nitrite was mainly driven by the order Burkholderiales and nitrite oxidation to nitrate by Pseudomonadales. This procedure should be considered in the implementation of full-scale post-lagoon MBBR technologies to ensure reliable, robust, and consistent performance despite the inherent seasonal variability of lagoon-based processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro di Biase
- Department of Civil Engineering, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada, R3T 5V6.
| | - Daniel Flores-Orozco
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada, R3T 5V6
| | - Rakesh Patidar
- Department of Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada, R3T 5V6
| | - Maciej S Kowalski
- Department of Civil Engineering, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada, R3T 5V6
| | | | - Ayush Kumar
- Department of Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada, R3T 5V6
| | - Tanner R Devlin
- Department of Civil Engineering, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada, R3T 5V6; Nexom, Winnipeg, Canada, R2J 3R8
| | - Jan A Oleszkiewicz
- Department of Civil Engineering, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada, R3T 5V6
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7
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Choi D, Cho K, Hwang K, Yun W, Jung J. Achieving stable nitrogen removal performance of mainstream PN-ANAMMOX by combining high-temperature shock for selective recovery of AOB activity. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 794:148582. [PMID: 34323753 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This paper describes the new concept of the mainstream partial nitritation (PN)-anaerobic ammonium oxidation (ANAMMOX) combined with a high-temperature shock strategy for the selective recovery of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) activity. In the preliminary test, the temperature shock condition for PN was optimized (60 °C and > 20 min). Based on this, the implementation strategy in a continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) system was studied further, and the polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/sodium alginate carrier exposure ratio (ER) and dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration were considered as primary variables. The AOB activity was recovered selectively when the ER of the carrier ranged from 20 to 40%, and the DO was higher than 2.3 mg O2/L. This was not the case for nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB) (AOB: 1.17±0.1 gNH4+-N/LCarrier/d, NOB: 0.34±0.1 gNO3--N/LCarrier/d). As a result, the activity of AOB was recovered selectively with a decrease in Nitrospira spp., which was verified by kinetic and microbial analyses for the AOB (KS, DO = 3.89 mgO2/L) and NOB (KS, DO = 1.14 mgO2/L). Eventually, the mainstream PN-ANAMMOX was achieved with a nitrogen removal efficiency of 81.5±3.3% for 95 days. The findings provide insight to establishing a stable mainstream PN-ANAMMOX process using a high-temperature shock strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daehee Choi
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-Ro, Gyeongsan-Si, Gyeongbuk 38541, South Korea
| | - Kyungjin Cho
- Water Cycle Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, South Korea; Division of Energy & Environment Technology, KIST School, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Seoul 02792, South Korea
| | - Kwanghyun Hwang
- GS Engineering and Construction Research Institute, GRAN SEOUL, 33 Jong-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Wonsang Yun
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-Ro, Gyeongsan-Si, Gyeongbuk 38541, South Korea
| | - Jinyoung Jung
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-Ro, Gyeongsan-Si, Gyeongbuk 38541, South Korea.
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8
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Dinh NT, Nguyen TH, Mungray AK, Duong LD, Phuong NT, Nguyen DD, Chung WJ, Chang SW, Tuan PD. Biological treatment of saline domestic wastewater by using a down-flow hanging sponge reactor. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 283:131101. [PMID: 34182628 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the effect of salinity on the removal of organic matter and nitrogen concentrations in bioreactor was investigated using a hybrid bench scale down-flow hanging sponge (DHS) system for 145 days of operation. The reactor had three identical sections that were filled to 30% volume with Bio-Bact to serve as attached media. The DHS reactor was fed with domestic wastewater that was mixed with increasing concentration of sodium chloride from 0.5 to 3.0% stepwise. The influent and effluent concentrations of BOD5, CODCr, NH4+-N, and TN were analyzed to evaluate the performance of the DHS reactor during the operational period. Results indicate that when salinity was increased from 0.5 to 3.0%, the removal efficiency gradually decreased from 80.3% to 61.5% for CODCr, 76.4%-65.0% for BOD5, 64.1%-48.4% for NH4+-N, and 50%-36% for TN. Besides, the changes in biofilm characteristics with increasing salinity were observed during the operational period. The results indicate that salinity has a significant influence on the removal of organic matters and nitrogen transformation in the biofilm of the bioreactor. Even so, the DHS reactor revealed a good potential for treating saline wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nga T Dinh
- Research Institute for Sustainable Development, Hochiminh City University of Natural Resources and Environment, Viet Nam.
| | - T Hiep Nguyen
- Research Institute for Sustainable Development, Hochiminh City University of Natural Resources and Environment, Viet Nam
| | - Arvind Kumar Mungray
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of Technology, Surat, Gujarat, India
| | - La Duc Duong
- Institute of Chemistry and Materials, Nghia Do, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Nguyen-Tri Phuong
- Département de Chimie, Biochimie et Physique, Université Du Québec à Trois-Rivières (UQTR), Trois-Rivières, QC G8Z 4M3, Canada; Laboratory of Advanced Materials for Energy and Environment, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières (UQTR), 3351 Boulevard des Forges, Trois-Rivières, QC, G8Z 4M3, Canada
| | - D Duc Nguyen
- Faculty of Environmental and Food Engineering, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, 300A Nguyen Tat Thanh, District 4, Ho Chi Minh City, 755414, Viet Nam; Department of Environmental Energy Engineering, Kyonggi University, 442-760, Republic of Korea.
| | - W Jin Chung
- Department of Environmental Energy Engineering, Kyonggi University, 442-760, Republic of Korea
| | - S W Chang
- Department of Environmental Energy Engineering, Kyonggi University, 442-760, Republic of Korea
| | - Phan D Tuan
- Research Institute for Sustainable Development, Hochiminh City University of Natural Resources and Environment, Viet Nam
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The Influence of Different Operation Conditions on the Treatment of Mariculture Wastewater by the Combined System of Anoxic Filter and Membrane Bioreactor. MEMBRANES 2021; 11:membranes11100729. [PMID: 34677495 PMCID: PMC8539745 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11100729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The mariculture wastewater treatment performance for the combined system of anoxic filter and membrane bioreactor (AF-MBR) was investigated under different hydraulic retention times (HRTs), influent alkalinity, and influent ammonia nitrogen load. The results showed that the removal efficiencies of TOC and total nitrogen were slightly better at the HRT of 8 h than at other HRTs, and the phosphate removal efficiency decreased with the increase of HRT. With the increase of influent alkalinity, the removal of TOC and phosphate did not change significantly. With the increase of influent alkalinity from 300 mg/L to 500 mg/L, the total nitrogen removal efficiency of AF-MBR was improved, but the change of the removal efficiency was not obvious when the alkalinity increased from 500 mg/L to 600 mg/L. When the influent concentration of ammonia nitrogen varied from 20 mg/L to 50 mg/L, the removal efficiencies of TOC, phosphate, and total nitrogen by AF-MBR were stable. An interesting finding was that in all the different operation conditions examined, the treatment efficiency of AF-MBR was always better than that of the control MBR. The concentrations of NO3−-N in AF-MBR were relatively low, whereas NO3−-N accumulated in the control MBR. The reason was that the microorganisms attached to the carrier and remained fixed in the aerobic and anoxic spaces, so that there was a gradual enrichment of bacteria characterized by slow growth in a high-salt environment. In addition, the microorganisms could gather and grow on the carrier forming a biofilm with higher activity, a richer and more stable population, and enhanced ability to resist a load impact.
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Rhee C, Yu SI, Kim DW, Bae IH, Shin J, Jeong SY, Kim YM, Shin SG. Density profile modeling for real-time estimation of liquid level in anaerobic digester using multiple pressure meters. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 277:130299. [PMID: 33774236 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Revised: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The liquid level of a bioreactor is an important operating parameter governing the hydraulic retention time. In this study, a novel method is proposed to estimate the liquid level of anaerobic digesters. The proposed method has an advantage over typical differential pressure measurement as it considers the heterogeneity of the digestate along the level using multiple pressure meters. The real-time measurement generates a model to fit the densities at different liquid columns, predicts the density of the surface layer and determines the overall liquid level. A pilot-scale (0.33 m3 working volume; 1.2 m liquid level) digester, equipped with seven pressure meters, was operated to test the methodology. The performance of the digester was confirmed stable during a long-term (175 d) operation. A set of density-pressure models was developed and were validated using the long-term experimental data. The new method employing cubic model showed significantly better estimation of the reactor level (mean error rate of 1.31%) with improved CDF, as compared with the traditional differential pressure method (mean error rate of 5.71%). The methodology proposed in this study is simple, robust, and cost-effective and can be used to provide additional insights into the operation of an anaerobic digester such as assessing the mixing efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaeyoung Rhee
- Department of Energy Engineering, Future Convergence Technology Research Institute, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea; Department of Energy Engineering, Future Convergence Technology Research Institute, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology, Jinju, 52725, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Il Yu
- Department of Energy Engineering, Future Convergence Technology Research Institute, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea; Department of Energy Engineering, Future Convergence Technology Research Institute, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology, Jinju, 52725, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Wook Kim
- Department of Energy Engineering, Future Convergence Technology Research Institute, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea; Department of Energy Engineering, Future Convergence Technology Research Institute, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology, Jinju, 52725, Republic of Korea
| | - Il Ho Bae
- Department of Energy Engineering, Future Convergence Technology Research Institute, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology, Jinju, 52725, Republic of Korea
| | - Juhee Shin
- Department of Energy Engineering, Future Convergence Technology Research Institute, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea; Department of Energy Engineering, Future Convergence Technology Research Institute, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology, Jinju, 52725, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Yeob Jeong
- Environment N Energy O&M Inc., 3F, 167-12, Jukbaek 3-ro, Pyeongtaek, 17864, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Mo Kim
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea.
| | - Seung Gu Shin
- Department of Energy Engineering, Future Convergence Technology Research Institute, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea; Department of Energy Engineering, Future Convergence Technology Research Institute, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology, Jinju, 52725, Republic of Korea.
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11
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Chen L, Chen L, Pan D, Lin H, Ren Y, Zhang J, Zhou B, Lin J, Lin J. Heterotrophic nitrification and related functional gene expression characteristics of Alcaligenes faecalis SDU20 with the potential use in swine wastewater treatment. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2021; 44:2035-2050. [PMID: 33978835 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-021-02581-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
A new heterotrophic nitrifying bacterium was isolated from the compost of swine manure and rice husk and identified as Alcaligenes faecalis SDU20. Strain SDU20 had heterotrophic nitrification potential and could remove 99.7% of the initial NH4+-N. Nitrogen balance analysis revealed that 15.9 and 12.3% of the NH4+-N were converted into biological nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen, respectively. The remaining 71.44% could be converted into N2 or N2O. Single-factor experiments showed that the optimal conditions for ammonium removal were the carbon source of sodium succinate, C/N ratio 10, initial pH 8.0, and temperature 30 °C. Nitrification genes were determined to be upregulated when sodium succinate was used as the carbon source analyzed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Strain SDU20 could tolerate 4% salinity and show resistance to some heavy metal ions. Strain SDU20 removed 72.6% high concentrated NH4+-N of 2000 mg/L within 216 h. In a batch experiment, the highest NH4+-N removal efficiency of 98.7% and COD removal efficiency of 93.7% were obtained in the treatment of unsterilized swine wastewater. Strain SDU20 is promising in high-ammonium wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lifei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Microbial Technology Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, People's Republic of China
| | - Linxu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Microbial Technology Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, People's Republic of China
| | - Deng Pan
- Shandong Engineering Laboratory of Treatment and Resource Utilization of Waste From Planting and Breeding Industry, Shandong Yian Bioengineering Co., Ltd, Jinan, 250014, People's Republic of China
| | - Huibin Lin
- Shandong Academy of Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250014, People's Republic of China
| | - Yilin Ren
- Qingdao Longding Biotech Co., Ltd, Qingdao, 266109, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Zhang
- Shandong Institute for Product Quality Inspection, Jinan, 250102, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Zhou
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianqun Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Microbial Technology Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jianqiang Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Microbial Technology Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, People's Republic of China.
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12
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An Z, Kent TR, Sun Y, Bott CB, Wang ZW. Free ammonia resistance of nitrite-oxidizing bacteria developed in aerobic granular sludge cultivated in continuous upflow airlift reactors performing partial nitritation. WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH : A RESEARCH PUBLICATION OF THE WATER ENVIRONMENT FEDERATION 2021; 93:421-432. [PMID: 32816336 DOI: 10.1002/wer.1440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Free ammonia (FA) inhibition has been taken advantage as a strategy to suppress the growth of nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB) in aerobic granules stabilized in a continuous upflow airlift reactor to achieve partial nitritation. However, after nearly 18 months of continuous exposure of aerobic granules to FA in the reactor, the FA inhibition of NOB was proven ineffective, and the partial nitritation gradually shifted to partial nitrification even though the long-term granule structural stability remained excellent under the continuous-flow mode. The extent of NOB resistance to FA inhibition was quantified based on the kinetic response of NOB to various FA concentrations in the form of an uncompetitive inhibition coefficient. It was confirmed that the NOB immobilized in larger granules under longer term exposure to FA tend to become more resistant to FA. Thereby, it was concluded that NOB can develop strong resistance to FA after continuous exposure, and thus, FA inhibition is not a reliable strategy to achieve partial nitritation in mainstream wastewater treatment. PRACTITIONER POINTS: Nitrifying aerobic granules can remain structurally stable in continuous-flow bioreactors. NOB developed free ammonia resistance after 6-month continuous exposure. Larger aerobic granules tended to develop stronger free ammonia resistance. Free ammonia inhibition is not a reliable strategy for mainstream anammox.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaohui An
- Occoquan Laboratory, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Tech, Manassas, VA, USA
| | | | - Yewei Sun
- Occoquan Laboratory, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Tech, Manassas, VA, USA
- Hazen and Sawyer, Fairfax, VA, USA
| | - Charles B Bott
- Hampton Roads Sanitation District, Virginia Beach, VA, USA
| | - Zhi-Wu Wang
- Occoquan Laboratory, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Tech, Manassas, VA, USA
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13
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Gonzalez-Silva BM, Jonassen KR, Bakke I, Østgaard K, Vadstein O. Understanding structure/function relationships in nitrifying microbial communities after cross-transfer between freshwater and seawater. Sci Rep 2021; 11:2979. [PMID: 33536458 PMCID: PMC7859187 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-82272-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, nitrification before and after abrupt cross-transfer in salinity was investigated in two moving bed biofilm reactors inoculated with nitrifying cultures that had adaptation to freshwater (FR) and seawater salinities (SR). FR and SR MBRRs were exposed to short and long term cross-transfer in salinity, and the functional capacity of nitrifying microbial communities was quantified by the estimation of ammonia and nitrite oxidation rates. Salinity induced successions were evaluated before and after salinity change by deep sequencing of 16S rRNA gene amplicons and statistical analysis. The bacterial community structure was characterized and Venn diagrams were included. The results indicated that after salinity cross-transfer, the FR was not significantly recovered at seawater salinity whereas SR showed high resistance to stress caused by low-salt. Succession and physiological plasticity were the main mechanisms of the long-term adaption of the nitrifying communities exposed to abrupt salinity changes. Independently of salinity, some nitrifiers presented high physiological plasticity towards salinity and were very successful at both zero and full seawater salinity. SR culture is robust and suitable inoculum for ammonium removal from recirculating aquaculture systems and industrial wastewaters with variable and fast salinity changes. Our findings contradict the current perspective of the significance of salinity on the structure of nitrifying communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blanca M Gonzalez-Silva
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Technology, NTNU-Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Sem Saelands v. 6/8, N-7491, Trondheim, Norway. .,Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, NTNU-Norwegian University of Science and Technology, S. P. Andersens veg 5, N-7031, Trondheim, Norway.
| | - Kjell Rune Jonassen
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Technology, NTNU-Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Sem Saelands v. 6/8, N-7491, Trondheim, Norway.,VEAS, Bjerkåsholmen 125, 3470, Slemmestad, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ingrid Bakke
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Technology, NTNU-Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Sem Saelands v. 6/8, N-7491, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Kjetill Østgaard
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Technology, NTNU-Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Sem Saelands v. 6/8, N-7491, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Olav Vadstein
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Technology, NTNU-Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Sem Saelands v. 6/8, N-7491, Trondheim, Norway
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14
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Simulation of composition and mass transfer behaviour of a membrane biofilm reactor using a two dimensional multi-species counter-diffusion model. J Memb Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2020.118636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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15
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Gu X, Chen D, Wu F, He S, Huang J. Recycled utilization of Iris pseudacorus in constructed wetlands: Litters self-consumption and nitrogen removal improvement. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 262:127863. [PMID: 32768758 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Aquatic plants litters from constructed wetlands might become pollutants without proper treatment. Due to its high carbon and low nitrogen contained, Iris pseudacorus litters have potential to be used as carbon source to enhance denitrification process in advanced treatments of secondary effluent from wastewater treatment plants. This study investigated the characteristics of carbon release form Iris pseudacorus litters and its performance on enhancement of nitrogen removal. The batch experiment showed that the organic carbon release process can be simulated by combining dissolution and hydrolysis process, and it was found that dissolved organic matters mainly consisted of 60% sugar and 35% humic acid-like compounds from the neutral detergent solution and hemicellulose of litters. The long-term operation of lab-scale constructed wetlands revealed a high nitrogen removal of 78.81-90.39% in treating the synthetic wastewater treatment plants effluent with the equivalent dosage of 25-150 g litters m-2 d-1. Furthermore, it is possible to establish an Iris pseudacorus self-consumed constructed wetland to reuse all of the litters produced during the operation. These findings can contribute to the understanding of the dynamics of carbon release from Iris pseudacorus litters and recycled utilization of plant biomass in the constructed wetlands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xushun Gu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China
| | - Danyue Chen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China
| | - Fei Wu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China
| | - Shengbing He
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, PR China.
| | - Jungchen Huang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China
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16
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Santos JP, Sousa AGG, Ribeiro H, Magalhães C. The Response of Estuarine Ammonia-Oxidizing Communities to Constant and Fluctuating Salinity Regimes. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:574815. [PMID: 33324363 PMCID: PMC7727400 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.574815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Aerobic nitrification is a fundamental nitrogen biogeochemical process that links the oxidation of ammonia to the removal of fixed nitrogen in eutrophicated water bodies. However, in estuarine environments there is an enormous variability of water physicochemical parameters that can affect the ammonia oxidation biological process. For instance, it is known that salinity can affect nitrification performance, yet there is still a lack of information on the ammonia-oxidizing communities behavior facing daily salinity fluctuations. In this work, laboratory experiments using upstream and downstream estuarine sediments were performed to address this missing gap by comparing the effect of daily salinity fluctuations with constant salinity on the activity and diversity of ammonia-oxidizing microorganisms (AOM). Activity and composition of AOM were assessed, respectively by using nitrogen stable isotope technique and 16S rRNA gene metabarcoding analysis. Nitrification activity was negatively affected by daily salinity fluctuations in upstream sediments while no effect was observed in downstream sediments. Constant salinity regime showed clearly higher rates of nitrification in upstream sediments while a similar nitrification performance between the two salinity regimes was registered in the downstream sediments. Results also indicated that daily salinity fluctuation regime had a negative effect on both ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) community’s diversity. Phylogenetically, the estuarine downstream AOM were dominated by AOA (0.92–2.09%) followed by NOB (0.99–2%), and then AOB (0.2–0.32%); whereas NOB dominated estuarine upstream sediment samples (1.4–9.5%), followed by AOA (0.27–0.51%) and AOB (0.01–0.23%). Analysis of variance identified the spatial difference between samples (downstream and upstream) as the main drivers of AOA and AOB diversity. Our study indicates that benthic AOM inhabiting different estuarine sites presented distinct plasticity toward the salinity regimes tested. These findings help to improve our understanding in the dynamics of the nitrogen cycle of estuarine systems by showing the resilience and consequently the impact of different salinity regimes on the diversity and activity of ammonia oxidizer communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Pereira Santos
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR), Universidade do Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Matosinhos, Portugal.,Department F.A. Forel for Environmental and Aquatic Sciences, Section of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - António G G Sousa
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR), Universidade do Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Hugo Ribeiro
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR), Universidade do Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Matosinhos, Portugal.,Abel Salazar Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto (ICBAS-UP), Porto, Portugal
| | - Catarina Magalhães
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR), Universidade do Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Matosinhos, Portugal.,Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,School of Science & Engineering, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand.,Ocean Frontier Institute, Dalhousie University, Halitax, NS, Canada
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17
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Navada S, Sebastianpillai M, Kolarevic J, Fossmark RO, Tveten AK, Gaumet F, Mikkelsen Ø, Vadstein O. A salty start: Brackish water start-up as a microbial management strategy for nitrifying bioreactors with variable salinity. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 739:139934. [PMID: 32534315 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.139934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Nitrifying biofilms developed in brackish water are reported to be more robust to salinity changes than freshwater biofilms. This makes them a promising strategy for water treatment systems with variable salinity, such as recirculating aquaculture systems for Atlantic salmon. However, little is known about the time required for nitrification start-up in brackish water or the microbial community dynamics. To investigate the development of nitrifying biofilms at intermediate salinity, we compared the startup of moving bed biofilm reactors with virgin carriers in brackish- (12‰ salinity) and freshwater. After 60 days, the brackish water biofilm had half the nitrification capacity of the freshwater biofilm, with a less diverse microbial community, lower proportion of nitrifiers, and a significantly different nitrifying community composition. Nitrosomonas and Nitrosospira-like bacteria were the main ammonia oxidizers in the brackish water biofilms, whereas Nitrosomonas was dominant in freshwater biofilms. Nitrotoga was the dominant nitrite oxidizer in both treatments. Despite the lower nitrification capacity in the brackish water treatment, the low ammonia and nitrite concentration with rapidly increasing nitrate concentration indicated that complete nitrification was established in both reactors within 60 days. The results suggest that biofilms develop nitrification in brackish water in comparable time as in freshwater, and brackish start-up can be a strategy for bioreactors with varying salinity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharada Navada
- Department of Chemistry, NTNU Norwegian University of Science and Technology, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway; Krüger Kaldnes AS (Veolia Water Technologies), N-3241 Sandefjord, Norway.
| | - Marianna Sebastianpillai
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, NTNU Norwegian University of Science and Technology, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | | | - Ragnhild O Fossmark
- Department of Environmental and Civil Engineering, NTNU Norwegian University of Science and Technology, N-7031 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Ann-Kristin Tveten
- Department of Biological Sciences, NTNU Norwegian University of Science and Technology, N-6009 Ålesund, Norway
| | - Frédéric Gaumet
- Krüger Kaldnes AS (Veolia Water Technologies), N-3241 Sandefjord, Norway
| | - Øyvind Mikkelsen
- Department of Chemistry, NTNU Norwegian University of Science and Technology, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Olav Vadstein
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, NTNU Norwegian University of Science and Technology, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway
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18
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Landreau M, Byson SJ, You H, Stahl DA, Winkler MKH. Effective nitrogen removal from ammonium-depleted wastewater by partial nitritation and anammox immobilized in granular and thin layer gel carriers. WATER RESEARCH 2020; 183:116078. [PMID: 32623243 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2020.116078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 05/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This study investigates the effect of physicochemical conditions on the partial nitritation and anammox treatment by immobilized ammonia oxidizers under ammonium-deplete conditions. The impact of oxygen and temperature was studied by measuring the activity of immobilized aerobic and anaerobic ammonia-oxidizing organisms (Ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and archaea (AOA), and Anammox bacteria) embedded in polyvinyl alcohol - sodium alginate (PVA-SA) beads and in thin layer poly-ethylene glycol hydrogels. Beads and flat hydrogels were incubated in a fluidized bed reactor (FBR) and in two flow cells, respectively. Both systems were fed with synthetic wastewater (15 mg N-NH4+/L) at different temperatures (20 °C and/or 30 °C) and different dissolved oxygen (DO) concentrations (0.1, 0.3, 0.5 and/or 1 mg/L) over 152 and 207 days, respectively. The FBR system had a maximum removal rate of 1.7 g-N/m3/d at 0.1 mg O2/L, corresponding to 80% removal efficiency, while a high aerobic ammonia-oxidizing activity but a partial oxygen inhibition of Anammox bacteria were observed at higher DO concentrations. In both flow cells, nitrogen removal efficiency was highest (80%) at 30 °C and 1 mg O2/L while removal was less favorable at lower DO and lower temperature. Our results indicate a potential use of hydrogel beads for an energy efficient technology with reduced aeration demand for treating low ammonia wastewater, while layered hydrogels are a possible first step for biological treatments of wastewater using tangential flow. In addition, we provide blueprint drawings of the flow cells, which may be used to 3D-print the apparatus for other applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthieu Landreau
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Washington, 201 More Hall, Box 352700, Seattle, WA, 98195-2700, USA.
| | - Samuel J Byson
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Washington, 201 More Hall, Box 352700, Seattle, WA, 98195-2700, USA
| | - HeeJun You
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Washington, 201 More Hall, Box 352700, Seattle, WA, 98195-2700, USA
| | - David A Stahl
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Washington, 201 More Hall, Box 352700, Seattle, WA, 98195-2700, USA
| | - Mari K H Winkler
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Washington, 201 More Hall, Box 352700, Seattle, WA, 98195-2700, USA
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19
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Navada S, Vadstein O, Gaumet F, Tveten AK, Spanu C, Mikkelsen Ø, Kolarevic J. Biofilms remember: Osmotic stress priming as a microbial management strategy for improving salinity acclimation in nitrifying biofilms. WATER RESEARCH 2020; 176:115732. [PMID: 32278921 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2020.115732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
With increasing freshwater scarcity and greater use of seawater, fluctuating salinities are becoming common in water treatment systems. This can be challenging for salinity-sensitive processes like nitrification, especially in recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS), where maintaining nitrification efficiency is crucial for fish health. This study was undertaken to determine if prior exposure to seawater (priming) could improve nitrification in moving bed biofilm reactors (MBBR) under salinity increase from freshwater to seawater. The results showed that seawater-primed freshwater MBBRs had less than 10% reduction in nitrification activity and twice the ammonia oxidation capacity of the unprimed bioreactors after seawater transfer. The primed biofilms had different microbial community composition but the same nitrifying taxa, suggesting that priming promoted physiological adaptation of the nitrifiers. Priming may also have strengthened the extrapolymeric matrix protecting the nitrifiers. In MBBRs started up in brackish water (12‰ salinity), seawater priming had no significant impact on the nitrification activity and the microbial community composition. These bioreactors were inherently robust to salinity increase, likely because they were already primed to osmotic stress by virtue of their native salinity of 12‰. The results show that osmotic stress priming is an effective strategy for improving salinity acclimation in nitrifying biofilms and can be applied to water treatment systems where salinity variations are expected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharada Navada
- Department of Chemistry, NTNU - Norwegian University of Science and Technology, N-7491, Trondheim, Norway; Krüger Kaldnes AS (Veolia Water Technologies), N-3241, Sandefjord, Norway.
| | - Olav Vadstein
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, NTNU - Norwegian University of Science and Technology, N-7491, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Frédéric Gaumet
- Krüger Kaldnes AS (Veolia Water Technologies), N-3241, Sandefjord, Norway
| | - Ann-Kristin Tveten
- Department of Biological Sciences, NTNU - Norwegian University of Science and Technology, N-6009, Ålesund, Norway
| | - Claudia Spanu
- Department of Toxicology, University of Cagliari, 09124, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Øyvind Mikkelsen
- Department of Chemistry, NTNU - Norwegian University of Science and Technology, N-7491, Trondheim, Norway
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20
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Xu D, Ji H, Ren H, Geng J, Li K, Xu K. Inhibition effect of magnetic field on nitrous oxide emission from sequencing batch reactor treating domestic wastewater at low temperature. J Environ Sci (China) 2020; 87:205-212. [PMID: 31791493 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2019.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Revised: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the effect of a magnetic field on nitrous oxide (N2O) emission from a sequencing batch reactor treating low-strength domestic wastewater at low temperature (10°C). After running for 124 days in parallel, results indicated that the conversion rate of N2O for a magnetic field-sequencing batch reactor (MF-SBR) decreased by 34.3% compared to that of a conventional SBR (C-SBR). Meanwhile, the removal efficiencies for total nitrogen (TN) and ammonia nitrogen (NH4-N) of the MF-SBR were 22.4% and 39.5% higher than those of the C-SBR. High-throughput sequencing revealed that the abundances of AOB (Nitrosomonas), NOB (Nitrospira) and denitrifiers (Zoogloea), which could reduce N2O to N2, were promoted significantly in the MF-SBR. Enzyme activities (Nir) and gene abundances (nosZ nirS and nirK) for denitrification in the MF-SBR were also notably higher compared to C-SBR. Our study shows that application of a magnetic field is a useful approach for inhibiting the generation of N2O and promoting the nitrogen removal efficiency by affecting the microbial characteristics of sludge in an SBR treating domestic wastewater at low temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Hongmin Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Hongqiang Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jinju Geng
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Kan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Ke Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
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21
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Regional and Seasonal Distributions of N-Nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) Concentrations in Chlorinated Drinking Water Distribution Systems in Korea. WATER 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/w11122645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Volatile N-Nitrosamines (NAs), including N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA), an emerging contaminant in drinking water, have been reported to induce cancer in animal studies. This study aims to investigate the regional and seasonal distributions of the concentrations of NDMA, one of the most commonly found NAs with high carcinogenicity, in municipal tap water in Korea. NDMA in water samples was quantitatively determined using high-performance liquid chromatography-fluorescence detection (HPLC-FLD) as a 5-dimethylamino-1-naphthalenesulfonyl (dansyl) derivative after optimization to dry the SPE adsorbent and remove dimethylamine prior to derivatization. Tap water samples were collected from 41 sites in Korea, each of which was visited once in summer and once in winter. The average (±standard deviation) NDMA concentration among all the sites was 46.6 (±22.7) ng/L, ranging from <0.13 to 80.7 ng/L. Significant NDMA differences in the regions, excluding the Jeju region, were not found, whereas the average NDMA concentration was statistically higher in winter than in summer. A multiple regression analysis for the entire data set indicated a negative relationship between NDMA concentration and water temperature. High levels of NDMA in Korea may pose excessive cancer risks from the consumption of such drinking water.
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22
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Li C, Liang J, Lin X, Xu H, Tadda MA, Lan L, Liu D. Fast start-up strategies of MBBR for mariculture wastewater treatment. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2019; 248:109267. [PMID: 31325791 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.109267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Revised: 07/06/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) is widely used for ammonia removal in saline recirculating aquaculture systems but often faces a slow start-up problem. The aim of this study was to develop a strategy for the rapid start-up of MBBR treating synthetic mariculture wastewater. Changes in nitrification performance, biofilm characteristics and bacterial community were assessed in response to various start-up strategies: R1 as the control; R2 with step-decrease of inlet NH4+-N; R3 with step-increase of inlet salinity; R4 added with particulate organic matter (POM) and R5 inoculated with nitrifying bacteria. Results show that nitrification was completed on day 63 for R3, 16-18 days faster than the other strategies. The highest protein (28.2 ± 5.1 mg/g·VS) and polysaccharide (59.4 ± 0.4 mg/g·VS) contents were observed in R3, likely linked to the faster biofilm formation. Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis confirmed the typical constituents of carbohydrates, proteins, lipids and DNA in biofilms. Moreover, along with the biofilm development in R3, the intensity of the peak at 1400 cm-1 (assigned to specific amides) decreased. Pyrosequencing of 16s rRNA revealed that Gammaproteobacteria was the predominating microbial community at class level (35.6%) in R3. qPCR analysis further verified the significantly higher gene copies of amoA (1.57 × 104 copies/μL) and nxrB (5.51 × 103 copies/μL) in R3. Results obtained make the elevated salinity strategy a promising alternative for the rapid nitrification start-up of saline wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changwei Li
- Institute of Agricultural Bio-Environmental Engineering, College of Biosystem Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jiawei Liang
- Institute of Agricultural Bio-Environmental Engineering, College of Biosystem Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xiaochang Lin
- Institute of Agricultural Bio-Environmental Engineering, College of Biosystem Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Hong Xu
- College of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Musa Abubakar Tadda
- Institute of Agricultural Bio-Environmental Engineering, College of Biosystem Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Lihua Lan
- Institute of Agricultural Bio-Environmental Engineering, College of Biosystem Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Dezhao Liu
- Institute of Agricultural Bio-Environmental Engineering, College of Biosystem Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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23
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Fu G, Zhao L, Huangshen L, Wu J. Isolation and identification of a salt-tolerant aerobic denitrifying bacterial strain and its application to saline wastewater treatment in constructed wetlands. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 290:121725. [PMID: 31301568 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.121725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Revised: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A salt-tolerant aerobic denitrifying bacterium, Zobellella denitrificans strain A63, was isolated, and its effects on the efficiency of denitrification of saline wastewater and the denitrifying microbial community structure in the matrix were studied in vertical-flow constructed wetlands (VFCWs). In a VFCW system with strain A63, the removal efficiencies of NH4+-N, NO3--N, and total nitrogen reached 79.2%, 95.7%, and 89.9%, respectively. Quantitative PCR analysis indicated that the amoA gene from ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) was highly abundant, whereas amoA from ammonia-oxidizing bacteria and nxrA from nitrite-oxidizing bacteria were lowly abundant because of the influent salinity, irrespective of whether strain A63 was added. However, the addition of strain A63 significantly increased the abundance of nirK in the top layer of the VFCW. Therefore, AOA-driven partial nitrification and aerobic denitrification by strain A63 occurred in VFCWs. Our findings suggest that adding salt-tolerant denitrifying strains to constructed wetlands can enhance denitrification for saline wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guiping Fu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource and Eco-Environmental Science, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
| | - Lin Zhao
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource and Eco-Environmental Science, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Linkun Huangshen
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource and Eco-Environmental Science, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Jinfa Wu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource and Eco-Environmental Science, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
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24
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Liu D, Li C, Guo H, Kong X, Lan L, Xu H, Zhu S, Ye Z. Start-up evaluations and biocarriers transfer from a trickling filter to a moving bed bioreactor for synthetic mariculture wastewater treatment. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 218:696-704. [PMID: 30504045 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.11.166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Revised: 11/03/2018] [Accepted: 11/25/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Mariculture wastewater treatment by nitrification requires a long start-up time due to high salinity stress. This study aimed to verify the faster start-up of a trickling filter (TF) compared to a moving bed bioreactor (MBBR) treating synthetic mariculture wastewater, and to investigate the feasibility of transferring mature biocarriers from the TF to a new MBBR (TF-MBBR). The nitrogen removal performance, biofilm physicochemical properties and microbial communities were investigated. The results obtained showed that, the TF started up 41 days faster than the MBBR, despite the richer microbial diversity in the latter. Lower biofilm roughness and protein content as well as higher adhesive force and polysaccharide content in the TF were obtained compared to the MBBR. Adhesive force was found to be negatively correlated with roughness (r = -0.630, p = 0.069). Transmittance assigned to amide II (1538 cm-1) and amid III (1243 cm-1) through Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) determination was only obtained in the TF, which was likely related to the faster start-up. Nitrosomonas and Nitrospira were detected as the predominant nitrifiers in both reactors. In addition, the new MBBR, incubated with the mature biocarriers transferred from the TF, had a satisfactory nitrification performance with no lag time. Interestingly, the transfer action increased the microbial diversity and made the biofilm physicochemical characteristics shift toward those of the MBBR. Taken together, the study confirmed that MBBR nitrification start-up can be accelerated via TF and biocarrier transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dezhao Liu
- Institute of Agricultural Bio-Environmental Engineering, College of Biosystem Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Changwei Li
- Institute of Agricultural Bio-Environmental Engineering, College of Biosystem Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Hengbo Guo
- School of Civil, Environmental and Mining Engineering, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Xianwang Kong
- Institute of Agricultural Bio-Environmental Engineering, College of Biosystem Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Lihua Lan
- Institute of Agricultural Bio-Environmental Engineering, College of Biosystem Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Hong Xu
- College of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Songming Zhu
- Institute of Agricultural Bio-Environmental Engineering, College of Biosystem Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zhangying Ye
- Institute of Agricultural Bio-Environmental Engineering, College of Biosystem Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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25
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Ilgrande C, Leroy B, Wattiez R, Vlaeminck SE, Boon N, Clauwaert P. Metabolic and Proteomic Responses to Salinity in Synthetic Nitrifying Communities of Nitrosomonas spp. and Nitrobacter spp. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:2914. [PMID: 30555445 PMCID: PMC6284046 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.02914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Typically, nitrification is a two-stage microbial process and is key in wastewater treatment and nutrient recovery from waste streams. Changes in salinity represent a major stress factor that can trigger response mechanisms, impacting the activity and the physiology of bacteria. Despite its pivotal biotechnological role, little information is available on the specific response of nitrifying bacteria to varying levels of salinity. In this study, synthetic communities of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB Nitrosomonas europaea and/or Nitrosomonas ureae) and nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB Nitrobacter winogradskyi and/or Nitrobacter vulgaris) were tested at 5, 10, and 30 mS cm-1 by adding sodium chloride to the mineral medium (0, 40, and 200 mM NaCl, respectively). Ammonia oxidation activity was less affected by salinity than nitrite oxidation. AOB, on their own or in combination with NOB, showed no significant difference in the ammonia oxidation rate among the three conditions. However, N. winogradskyi improved the absolute ammonia oxidation rate of both N. europaea and N. ureae. N. winogradskyi’s nitrite oxidation rate decreased to 42% residual activity upon exposure to 30 mS cm-1, also showing a similar behavior when tested with Nitrosomonas spp. The nitrite oxidation rate of N. vulgaris, as a single species, was not affected when adding sodium chloride up to 30 mS cm-1, however, its activity was completely inhibited when combined with Nitrosomonas spp. in the presence of ammonium/ammonia. The proteomic analysis of a co-culture of N. europaea and N. winogradskyi revealed the production of osmolytes, regulation of cell permeability and an oxidative stress response in N. europaea and an oxidative stress response in N. winogradskyi, as a result of increasing the salt concentration from 5 to 30 mS cm-1. A specific metabolic response observed in N. europaea suggests the role of carbon metabolism in the production of reducing power, possibly to meet the energy demands of the stress response mechanisms, induced by high salinity. For the first time, metabolic modifications and response mechanisms caused by the exposure to salinity were described, serving as a tool toward controllability and predictability of nitrifying systems exposed to salt fluctuations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Ilgrande
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Baptiste Leroy
- Department of Proteomics and Microbiology, Research institute for Biosciences, University of Mons, Mons, Belgium
| | - Ruddy Wattiez
- Department of Proteomics and Microbiology, Research institute for Biosciences, University of Mons, Mons, Belgium
| | - Siegfried Elias Vlaeminck
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Research Group of Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology, Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Nico Boon
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Peter Clauwaert
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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26
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Salinity stresses make a difference in the start-up of membrane bioreactor: performance, microbial community and membrane fouling. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2018; 42:445-454. [DOI: 10.1007/s00449-018-2048-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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27
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Lindeboom REF, Ilgrande C, Carvajal-Arroyo JM, Coninx I, Van Hoey O, Roume H, Morozova J, Udert KM, Sas B, Paille C, Lasseur C, Ilyin V, Clauwaert P, Leys N, Vlaeminck SE. Nitrogen cycle microorganisms can be reactivated after Space exposure. Sci Rep 2018; 8:13783. [PMID: 30214003 PMCID: PMC6137101 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-32055-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Long-term human Space missions depend on regenerative life support systems (RLSS) to produce food, water and oxygen from waste and metabolic products. Microbial biotechnology is efficient for nitrogen conversion, with nitrate or nitrogen gas as desirable products. A prerequisite to bioreactor operation in Space is the feasibility to reactivate cells exposed to microgravity and radiation. In this study, microorganisms capable of essential nitrogen cycle conversions were sent on a 44-days FOTON-M4 flight to Low Earth Orbit (LEO) and exposed to 10-3-10-4 g (gravitational constant) and 687 ± 170 µGy (Gray) d-1 (20 ± 4 °C), about the double of the radiation prevailing in the International Space Station (ISS). After return to Earth, axenic cultures, defined and reactor communities of ureolytic bacteria, ammonia oxidizing archaea and bacteria, nitrite oxidizing bacteria, denitrifiers and anammox bacteria could all be reactivated. Space exposure generally yielded similar or even higher nitrogen conversion rates as terrestrial preservation at a similar temperature, while terrestrial storage at 4 °C mostly resulted in the highest rates. Refrigerated Space exposure is proposed as a strategy to maximize the reactivation potential. For the first time, the combined potential of ureolysis, nitritation, nitratation, denitrification (nitrate reducing activity) and anammox is demonstrated as key enabler for resource recovery in human Space exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralph E F Lindeboom
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Gent, Belgium.,Section Sanitary Engineering, Department of Water Management, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Delft University of Technology, Stevinweg 1, 2628CN, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Chiara Ilgrande
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Gent, Belgium
| | - José M Carvajal-Arroyo
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Gent, Belgium
| | - Ilse Coninx
- Unit of Microbiology, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre (SCK•CEN), Boeretang 200, 2400, Mol, Belgium
| | - Olivier Van Hoey
- Unit of Research in Dosimetric Applications, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre (SCK•CEN), Boeretang 200, 2400, Mol, Belgium
| | - Hugo Roume
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Gent, Belgium.,MetaGenoPolis, INRA, Université Paris-Saclay Domaine de Vilvert, Bat. 325 78352, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Julia Morozova
- Institute of Biomedical Problems (IMBP), State Research Center of The Russian Federation, Khoroshevskoye Shosse, 76a, 123007, Moscow, Russia
| | - Kai M Udert
- Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, 8600, Dübendorf, Switzerland.,ETH Zürich, Institute of Environmental Engineering, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Benedikt Sas
- Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Food Preservation, Ghent University, Coupure links 653, 9000, Gent, Belgium
| | | | | | - Vyacheslav Ilyin
- Institute of Biomedical Problems (IMBP), State Research Center of The Russian Federation, Khoroshevskoye Shosse, 76a, 123007, Moscow, Russia
| | - Peter Clauwaert
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Gent, Belgium
| | - Natalie Leys
- Unit of Microbiology, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre (SCK•CEN), Boeretang 200, 2400, Mol, Belgium
| | - Siegfried E Vlaeminck
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Gent, Belgium. .,Research of Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology, Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020, Antwerpen, Belgium.
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28
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Dai J, He S, Zhou W, Huang J, Chen S, Zeng X. Integrated ecological floating bed treating wastewater treatment plant effluents: effects of influent nitrogen forms and sediments. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:18793-18801. [PMID: 29713975 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-2111-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, the treatment of wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluent has gained increasing attention. However, researches on the relationships between nitrogen forms and nitrogen removal efficiency are very limited. Based on the fact that the nitrogen forms in the WWTP effluent may vary as the season changes, the nitrogen removal efficiencies of an integrated ecological floating bed (IEFB) was studied under different influent nitrogen forms. In addition, the effects of sediments in the system were also quantified during the experiment. Results showed that the total nitrogen (TN) removal rates of the IEFB were 25.61 ± 5.72% and 60.03 ± 7.00%, respectively, when the main influent nitrogen forms are nitrate and ammonia. The sediments in the system also played vital roles in the removal processes: when the sediments were covered with a polyethylene membrane, the total nitrogen (TN) removal rate of the system dropped from 27.86 ± 5.53% to 14.78 ± 4.97%, and the total phosphorus (TP), from 58.77 ± 6.20% to 33.51 ± 25.52%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinwei Dai
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Dong Chuan Road 800, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Shengbing He
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Dong Chuan Road 800, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China.
| | - Weili Zhou
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Dong Chuan Road 800, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Jungchen Huang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Dong Chuan Road 800, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Sheng Chen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Dong Chuan Road 800, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinhua Zeng
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Dong Chuan Road 800, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China
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29
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Enhancing nitrogen removal efficiency of domestic wastewater through increased total efficiency in sewage treatment (ITEST) pilot plant in cold climatic regions of Baltic Sea. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsbe.2017.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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30
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Liang Y, Zhu H, Bañuelos G, Yan B, Shutes B, Cheng X, Chen X. Removal of nutrients in saline wastewater using constructed wetlands: Plant species, influent loads and salinity levels as influencing factors. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 187:52-61. [PMID: 28837857 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.08.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2017] [Revised: 08/16/2017] [Accepted: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to evaluate how plant species, influent loads and salinity levels affect the removal of nutrients from saline wastewater using constructed wetlands (CWs). CWs planted with Canna indica showed the greatest removal percentages among the four tested species for nitrogen (N) (∼100%) at both low and high influent loads, and ∼100% and 93.8% for phosphorus (P) at low and high influent loads, respectively at an electrical conductivity (EC) of 7 mS/cm (25 °C). The influence of different salinity levels on plant assimilation of N and P varied with their respective concentrations; salinity (e.g., EC at 7, 10 and 15 mS/cm) even enhanced plant absorption of N and P under specific conditions. In conclusion, CWs planted with selected species can be used for the removal of N and P under a range of different salinity levels (e.g., EC at 7, 10 and 15 mS/cm, 25 °C).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinxiu Liang
- Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130102, PR China
| | - Hui Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130102, PR China.
| | - Gary Bañuelos
- USDA, Agricultural Research Service, San Joaquin Valley Agricultural Science Center, 9611 South Riverbend Avenue, Parlier, CA, 93648-9757, USA
| | - Baixing Yan
- Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130102, PR China
| | - Brian Shutes
- Urban Pollution Research Centre, Middlesex University, Hendon, London, NW4 4BT, UK
| | - Xianwei Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130102, PR China
| | - Xin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130102, PR China
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31
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Zhang Y, Jiang WL, Xu RX, Wang GX, Xie B. Effect of short-term salinity shock on unacclimated activated sludge with pressurized aeration in a sequencing batch reactor. Sep Purif Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2017.01.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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32
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Wang J, Gong B, Huang W, Wang Y, Zhou J. Bacterial community structure in simultaneous nitrification, denitrification and organic matter removal process treating saline mustard tuber wastewater as revealed by 16S rRNA sequencing. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 228:31-38. [PMID: 28056367 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.12.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2016] [Revised: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
A simultaneous nitrification, denitrification and organic matter removal (SNDOR) process in sequencing batch biofilm reactor (SBBR) was established to treat saline mustard tuber wastewater (MTWW) in this study. An average COD removal efficiency of 86.48% and total nitrogen removal efficiency of 86.48% were achieved at 30gNaClL-1 during 100days' operation. The underlying mechanisms were investigated by PacBio SMRT DNA sequencing (V1-V9) to analyze the microbial community structures and its variation from low salinity at 10gNaClL-1 to high salinity at 30gNaClL-1. Results showed elevated salinity did not affect biological performance but reduced microbial diversity in SBBR, and halophilic bacteria gradually predominated by succession. Despite of high C/N, autotrophic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) Nitrosomonas and ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) Candidatus Nitrososphaera both contributed to ammonium oxidation. As salinity increasing, nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB) were significantly inhibited, partial nitrification and denitrification (PND) process gradually contributed to nitrogen removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiale Wang
- Faculty of Urban Construction and Environmental Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China
| | - Benzhou Gong
- Faculty of Urban Construction and Environmental Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China
| | - Wei Huang
- Faculty of Urban Construction and Environmental Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China
| | - Yingmu Wang
- Faculty of Urban Construction and Environmental Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Faculty of Urban Construction and Environmental Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China; Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir's Eco-Environments, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China.
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33
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Luo H, Song Y, Zhou Y, Yang L, Zhao Y. Effects of rapid temperature rising on nitrogen removal and microbial community variation of anoxic/aerobic process for ABS resin wastewater treatment. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:5509-5520. [PMID: 28028705 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-8233-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2016] [Accepted: 12/08/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
ABS resin wastewater is a high-temperature nitrogenous organic wastewater. It can be successfully treated with anoxic/aerobic (A/O) process. In this study, the effect of temperature on nitrogen removal and microbial community after quick temperature rise (QTR) was investigated. It was indicated that QTR from 25 to 30 °C facilitated the microbial growth and achieved a similar effluent quality as that at 25 °C. QTR from 25 to 35 °C or 40 °C resulted in higher effluent concentration of chemical oxygen demand (COD), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5), total nitrogen (TN), and total phosphorus (TP). Illumina MiSeq pyrosequencing analysis illustrated that the richness and diversity of the bacterial community was decreased as the temperature was increased. The percentage of many functional groups was changed significantly. QTR from 25 to 40 °C also resulted in the inhibition of ammonia oxidation rate and high concentration of free ammonia, which then inhibited the growth of NOB (Nitrospira), and thus resulted in nitrite accumulation. The high temperature above 35 °C promoted the growth of a denitrifying bacterial genus, Denitratisoma, which might increase N2O production during the denitrification process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huilong Luo
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710064, People's Republic of China.
- Research Center of Water Pollution Control Technology, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, People's Republic of China.
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China.
| | - Yudong Song
- Research Center of Water Pollution Control Technology, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Yuexi Zhou
- Research Center of Water Pollution Control Technology, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Liwei Yang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710064, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaqian Zhao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710064, People's Republic of China
- UCD Dooge Centre for Water Resources Research, School of Civil Engineering, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
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34
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Samarasinghe SAPL, Shao Y, Huang PJ, Pishko M, Chu KH, Kameoka J. Fabrication of Bacteria Environment Cubes with Dry Lift-Off Fabrication Process for Enhanced Nitrification. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0165839. [PMID: 27812154 PMCID: PMC5094588 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0165839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
We have developed a 3D dry lift-off process to localize multiple types of nitrifying bacteria in polyethylene glycol diacrylate (PEGDA) cubes for enhanced nitrification, a two-step biological process that converts ammonium to nitrite and then to nitrate. Ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) is responsible for converting ammonia into nitrite, and nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB) is responsible for converting nitrite to nitrate. Successful nitrification is often challenging to accomplish, in part because AOB and NOB are slow growers and highly susceptible to many organic and inorganic chemicals in wastewater. Most importantly, the transportation of chemicals among scattered bacteria is extremely inefficient and can be problematic. For example, nitrite, produced from ammonia oxidation, is toxic to AOB and can lead to the failure of nitrification. To address these challenges, we closely localize AOB and NOB in PEGDA cubes as microenvironment modules to promote synergetic interactions. The AOB is first localized in the vicinity of the surface of the PEGDA cubes that enable AOB to efficiently uptake ammonia from a liquid medium and convert it into nitrite. The produced nitrite is then efficiently transported to the NOB localized at the center of the PEGDA particle and converted into non-toxic nitrate. Additionally, the nanoscale PEGDA fibrous structures offer a protective environment for these strains, defending them from sudden toxic chemical shocks and immobilize in cubes. This engineered microenvironment cube significantly enhances nitrification and improves the overall ammonia removal rate per single AOB cell. This approach—encapsulation of multiple strains at close range in cube in order to control their interactions—not only offers a new strategy for enhancing nitrification, but also can be adapted to improve the production of fermentation products and biofuel, because microbial processes require synergetic reactions among multiple species.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. A. P. L. Samarasinghe
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, United States of America
| | - Yiru Shao
- Zachry Department of Civil Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, United States of America
| | - Po-Jung Huang
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, United States of America
| | - Michael Pishko
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, United States of America
| | - Kung-Hui Chu
- Zachry Department of Civil Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, United States of America
| | - Jun Kameoka
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, United States of America
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Wang Z, Luo G, Li J, Chen SY, Li Y, Li WT, Li AM. Response of performance and ammonia oxidizing bacteria community to high salinity stress in membrane bioreactor with elevated ammonia loading. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 216:714-721. [PMID: 27290667 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.05.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2016] [Revised: 05/25/2016] [Accepted: 05/26/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Effect of elevated ammonia loading rate (ALR) and increasing salinity on the operation of membrane bioreactor (MBR) and the response of microbial community were investigated. Results showed that MBR started up with 1% NaCl stress achieved amazing nitrification performance at high salinity up to 4% when treating wastewater containing 1000mg/L NH(+)4-N. Further increasing salinity to 7% led to failure of MBR unrecoverably. Steep decline of sludge activity contributed to the extremely worse performance. High-throughput sequencing analysis showed that both ALR and salinity had selective effects on the microbial community structure. In genus level, Methyloversatilis and Maribacter were enriched during the operation. Survival of salt-resistant microbes contributed to the rising of richness and diversity at 2% and 4% NaCl stress. Analysis of amoA-gene-based cloning revealed Nitrosomonas marina are chiefly responsible for catalyzing ammonia oxidation in high ALR at high salinity stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Gan Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Shi-Yu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Wen-Tao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Ai-Min Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
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Zhao L, Li Y, Wang S, Wang X, Meng H, Luo S. Adsorption and transformation of ammonium ion in a loose-pore geothermal reservoir: Batch and column experiments. JOURNAL OF CONTAMINANT HYDROLOGY 2016; 192:50-59. [PMID: 27356192 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconhyd.2016.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2015] [Revised: 06/15/2016] [Accepted: 06/20/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Adsorption kinetics and transformation process of ammonium ion (NH4(+)) were investigated to advance the understanding of N cycle in a low-temperature loose-pore geothermal reservoir. Firstly, batch experiments were performed in order to determine the sorption capacity and the kinetic mechanism of NH4(+) onto a loose-pore geothermal reservoir matrix. Then column experiments were carried out at temperatures from 20°C to 60°C in order to determine the transport parameters and transformation mechanism of NH4(+) in the studied matrix. The results showed that the adsorption process of NH4(+) onto the porous media well followed the pseudo-second-order model. No obvious variation of hydrodynamic dispersion coefficient (D) and retardation factor (R) was observed at different transport distances at a Darcy's flux of 2.27cm/h, at which nitrification could be neglected. The simulated D obtained by the CDE model in CXTFIT2.1 increased with temperature while R decreased with temperature, indicating that the adsorption capacity of NH4(+) onto the matrix decreased with the increasing of temperature. When the Darcy's flux was decreased to 0.014cm/h, only a little part of NH4(+) could be transformed to nitrate, suggesting that low density of nitrifiers existed in the simulated loose-pore geothermal reservoir. Although nitrification rate increased with temperature in the range of 20°C to 60°C, it was extremely low and no accumulation of nitrite was observed under the simulated low-temperature geothermal conditions without addition of biomass and oxygen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhao
- Institute of Resources and Environment, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454000, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Coalbed Methane and Shale Gas for Central Plains Economic Region, Henan Province, Jiaozuo 454000, China.
| | - Yanli Li
- Institute of Resources and Environment, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454000, China
| | - Shidong Wang
- Xi'an Research Institute of China Coal Technology & Engineering group, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Xinyi Wang
- Institute of Resources and Environment, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454000, China
| | - Hongqi Meng
- Institute of Resources and Environment, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454000, China
| | - Shaohe Luo
- Institute of Resources and Environment, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454000, China
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Alipour V, Moein F, Rezaei L. Determining the Salt Tolerance Threshold for Biological Treatment of Salty Wastewater. HEALTH SCOPE 2016. [DOI: 10.17795/jhealthscope-36425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
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38
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Coppens J, Lindeboom R, Muys M, Coessens W, Alloul A, Meerbergen K, Lievens B, Clauwaert P, Boon N, Vlaeminck SE. Nitrification and microalgae cultivation for two-stage biological nutrient valorization from source separated urine. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 211:41-50. [PMID: 26998796 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2015] [Revised: 02/26/2016] [Accepted: 03/01/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Urine contains the majority of nutrients in urban wastewaters and is an ideal nutrient recovery target. In this study, stabilization of real undiluted urine through nitrification and subsequent microalgae cultivation were explored as strategy for biological nutrient recovery. A nitrifying inoculum screening revealed a commercial aquaculture inoculum to have the highest halotolerance. This inoculum was compared with municipal activated sludge for the start-up of two nitrification membrane bioreactors. Complete nitrification of undiluted urine was achieved in both systems at a conductivity of 75mScm(-1) and loading rate above 450mgNL(-1)d(-1). The halotolerant inoculum shortened the start-up time with 54%. Nitrite oxidizers showed faster salt adaptation and Nitrobacter spp. became the dominant nitrite oxidizers. Nitrified urine as growth medium for Arthrospira platensis demonstrated superior growth compared to untreated urine and resulted in a high protein content of 62%. This two-stage strategy is therefore a promising approach for biological nutrient recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joeri Coppens
- Laboratory of Microbial Ecology and Technology (LabMET), Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - Ralph Lindeboom
- Laboratory of Microbial Ecology and Technology (LabMET), Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - Maarten Muys
- Research Group of Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Wout Coessens
- Laboratory of Microbial Ecology and Technology (LabMET), Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - Abbas Alloul
- Research Group of Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Ken Meerbergen
- Technologiecluster Bioengineering Technologie, KU Leuven, Jan De Nayerlaan 5, 2860 Sint-Katelijne-Waver, Belgium
| | - Bart Lievens
- Technologiecluster Bioengineering Technologie, KU Leuven, Jan De Nayerlaan 5, 2860 Sint-Katelijne-Waver, Belgium
| | - Peter Clauwaert
- Laboratory of Microbial Ecology and Technology (LabMET), Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - Nico Boon
- Laboratory of Microbial Ecology and Technology (LabMET), Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - Siegfried E Vlaeminck
- Laboratory of Microbial Ecology and Technology (LabMET), Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Gent, Belgium; Research Group of Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerpen, Belgium.
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Zhu S, Shen J, Ruan Y, Guo X, Ye Z, Deng Y, Shi M. The effects of different seeding ratios on nitrification performance and biofilm formation in marine recirculating aquaculture system biofilter. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:14540-14548. [PMID: 27068911 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-6609-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2015] [Accepted: 03/31/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Rapid start-up of biofilter is essential for intensive marine recirculating aquaculture system (RAS) production. This study evaluated the nitrifying biofilm formation using mature biofilm as an inoculum to accelerate the process in RAS practice. The effects of inoculation ratios (0-15 %) on the reactor performance and biofilm structure were investigated. Complete nitrification was achieved rapidly in reactors with inoculated mature biofilm (even in 32 days when 15 % seeding ratio was applied). However, the growth of target biofilm on blank carrier was affected by the mature biofilm inoculated through substrate competition. The analysis of extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) and nitrification rates confirmed the divergence of biofilm cultivation among reactors. Besides, three N-acyl-homoserine lactones (AHLs) were found in the process, which might regulate the activities of biofilm. Multivariate analysis based on non-metric multidimensional scaling (nMDS) also indicated the great roles of AHLs and substrate supply which might fundamentally determine varied cultivation performance on target biofilm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songming Zhu
- Institute of Agricultural Bio-Environmental Engineering, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jiazheng Shen
- Institute of Agricultural Bio-Environmental Engineering, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yunjie Ruan
- Institute of Agricultural Bio-Environmental Engineering, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
- Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Riley Robb Hall, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA.
| | - Xishan Guo
- Institute of Agricultural Bio-Environmental Engineering, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Zhangying Ye
- Institute of Agricultural Bio-Environmental Engineering, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yale Deng
- Institute of Agricultural Bio-Environmental Engineering, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Mingming Shi
- Institute of Agricultural Bio-Environmental Engineering, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China
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40
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Gonzalez-Martinez A, Rodriguez-Sanchez A, Garcia-Ruiz MJ, Osorio F, Gonzalez-Lopez J. Impact of methionine on a partial-nitritation biofilter. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:6651-6660. [PMID: 26645230 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-5889-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2015] [Accepted: 11/27/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
It has been demonstrated that an anaerobic digestion process cannot attain an efficient removal of several amino acids, with methionine being one of the most persistent of these. Thus, the effect that methionine amino acid has over the partial-nitritation process with fixed-biofilm configuration in terms of performance and bacterial community dynamics has been investigated. With respect to the performance with no addition, 100 mg/L methionine loading decreased ammonium oxidation efficiency in 60% and 100% at concentrations of 300 and 500 mg/L methionine, respectively. Bacterial biomass sharply increased by 30, 65, and 230% with the addition of 100, 300, and 500 mg/L methionine, respectively. Bacterial community analysis showed that methionine addition supported the proliferation of a diversity of heterotrophic genera, such as Lysobacter and Micavibrio, and reduced the relative abundance of ammonium oxidizing genus Nitrosomonas. This research shows that the addition of methionine affects the performance of the partial-nitritation process. In this sense, amino acids can pose a threat for the of partial-nitritation process treating anaerobic digester supernatant at full-scale implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Gonzalez-Martinez
- Department of Civil Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, Campus of Fuentenueva, University of Granada, s/n, 18071, Granada, Spain.
| | | | - Maria Jesus Garcia-Ruiz
- Department of Civil Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, Campus of Fuentenueva, University of Granada, s/n, 18071, Granada, Spain
| | - Francisco Osorio
- Department of Civil Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, Campus of Fuentenueva, University of Granada, s/n, 18071, Granada, Spain
| | - Jesus Gonzalez-Lopez
- Institute of Water Research, University of Granada, Calle Ramon y Cajal 4, 18071, Granada, Spain
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41
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Dong W, Lu G, Yan L, Zhang Z, Zhang Y. Characteristics of pellets with immobilized activated sludge and its performance in increasing nitrification in sequencing batch reactors at low temperatures. J Environ Sci (China) 2016; 42:202-209. [PMID: 27090712 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2015.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2015] [Revised: 09/11/2015] [Accepted: 09/26/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Immobilized pellets obtained by means of entrapping activated sludge in waterborne polyurethane were successfully adapted in ammonium (NH4(+)-N) synthetic wastewater. Its physicochemical characteristics were determined using scanning electron microscope, pyrosequencing, and microelectrodes, and its influence on the nitrification process in sequencing batch reactors (SBRs) at low temperatures was evaluated. A large number of rod-shaped bacteria were observed on the surface of the immobilized pellet, in which Rudaea spp. (Xanthomonadaceae family) was an important bacterial component (23.44% of the total bacteria). The oxygen uptake rate of immobilized pellets reached 240.83±15.59 mgO2/(L·hr), and the oxygen was primarily consumed by the bacteria on the pellet surfaces (0-600 μm). The dosing of the pellets (30 mL/L) into an SBR significantly improved the nitrification efficiency at low temperatures of 7-11°C, achieving an average NH4(+)-N removal of 84.09%, which is higher than the removal of 67.46% observed for the control group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Dong
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Guang Lu
- Wenzhou Housing and Urban-Rural Development Committee, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Li Yan
- Wenzhou Public Utilities Investment Group Co. Ltd., Wenzhou 325000, China.
| | - Zhenjia Zhang
- Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yalei Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
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42
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Guo X, Miao Y, Wu B, Ye L, Yu H, Liu S, Zhang XX. Correlation between microbial community structure and biofouling as determined by analysis of microbial community dynamics. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2015; 197:99-105. [PMID: 26318928 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.08.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2015] [Revised: 08/09/2015] [Accepted: 08/11/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Three lab-scale membrane bioreactors (MBRs) were continuously operated to treat saline wastewater under 0%, 0.75% and 1.5% NaCl stress. 0.75% and 1.5% NaCl reduced the COD and NH4(+)-N removal at the beginning, while the removal efficiencies could be recovered along with the operation of MBRs. Also, the polysaccharide in extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) and soluble microbial products (SMP) played an important role in the membrane fouling. Illumina sequencing of 16S rRNA gene showed that the increasing level of salinity reduced the diversity of the microbial community, and a higher salinity stimulated the growth of Bacteroidetes. At genus level, Flavobacterium, Aequorivita, Gelidibacter, Microbacterium, and Algoriphagus increased with the increase of salinity, which are shown to be highly salt tolerant. The strength of salinity or the duration of salinity could stimulate the microorganisms with similar functions, and the changes of polysaccharide in EPS and SMP were closely related to the membrane fouling rate as well as correlated with some saline-resistance genera.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuechao Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Yu Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Bing Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China.
| | - Lin Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Haiyan Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Su Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Xu-Xiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
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43
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Cáceres R, Magrí A, Marfà O. Nitrification of leachates from manure composting under field conditions and their use in horticulture. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2015; 44:72-81. [PMID: 26239938 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2015.07.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2015] [Revised: 06/30/2015] [Accepted: 07/22/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
This work aimed to demonstrate the feasibility of nitrification applied to the treatment of leachates formed during composting of cattle and pig manure in order to promote their further use as liquid fertilizer in horticulture. Nitrification trials were successfully conducted in summer and winter seasons under Mediterranean climate conditions. Subsequently, effect of using the nitrified effluents as nutritive solution in the fertigation of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) was assessed in terms of productivity and nutrient uptake. Similar productivities were obtained when using the nitrified effluents and a standard nutritive solution. However, results also evidenced high nutrient uptake, which indicates that dosage should be adjusted to culture requirements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafaela Cáceres
- IRTA, Research and Technology, Food and Agriculture, GIRO Unit, Cra. Cabrils km 2, 08348 Cabrils, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Albert Magrí
- IRSTEA, UR GERE, 17 Avenue de Cucillé, CS 64427, F-35044 Rennes, France.
| | - Oriol Marfà
- IRTA, Research and Technology, Food and Agriculture, GIRO Unit, Cra. Cabrils km 2, 08348 Cabrils, Barcelona, Spain.
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Di Trapani D, Di Bella G, Mannina G, Torregrossa M, Viviani G. Effect of C/N shock variation on the performances of a moving bed membrane bioreactor. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2015; 189:250-257. [PMID: 25898086 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.03.143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2015] [Revised: 03/26/2015] [Accepted: 03/29/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The effect of a sharp variation of C/N ratio in a moving bed membrane bioreactor (MB-MBR) pilot plant treating high strength wastewater has been investigated. The experimental campaign was divided into two periods, each characterized by a different C/N ratio (namely, 2.5 and 15, Period 1 and Period 2, respectively). The MB-MBR system was analyzed in terms of organic carbon removal, nitrification efficiency, biokinetic activity and fouling behavior. The results showed that the nitrification process was severely affected by lower C/N value and by high concentration of ammonia. It was noticed an extensive stress effect on the autotrophic bacteria. Furthermore, it was observed an increase of the resistance related to particle deposition into membrane pores, likely due to a worsening of the cake layer features, with a reduction of the "pre-filter" effect, also related to the increase of the total Extracellular Polymeric Substances production with the C/N ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Di Trapani
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile, Ambientale, Aerospaziale, dei Materiali - Università degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, 90128 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Gaetano Di Bella
- Facoltà di Ingegneria e Architettura - Università di Enna "Kore", Cittadella Universitaria, 94100 Enna, Italy
| | - Giorgio Mannina
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile, Ambientale, Aerospaziale, dei Materiali - Università degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Michele Torregrossa
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile, Ambientale, Aerospaziale, dei Materiali - Università degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Gaspare Viviani
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile, Ambientale, Aerospaziale, dei Materiali - Università degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, 90128 Palermo, Italy
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45
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Ding J, Zhao Q, Zhang Y, Wei L, Li W, Wang K. The eAND process: enabling simultaneous nitrogen-removal and disinfection for WWTP effluent. WATER RESEARCH 2015; 74:122-131. [PMID: 25725203 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2015.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2014] [Revised: 01/30/2015] [Accepted: 02/03/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
To mitigate potential eutrophication risk caused by nitrogen species in the effluent of wastewater treatment plant (WWTP), nitrogenous compounds failed to be removed during biological wastewater treatment should be further eliminated. In this paper, an electrochemical process for ammonia-oxidation, nitrate-reduction and disinfection (eAND process) of WWTP effluent was developed and its performance for tertiary treatment of synthetic wastewater and actual effluent was evaluated. Results indicated ammonia and nitrate removal efficiencies in actual effluent reached 96% and 36% at 1.23 Ah l(-1), while coliforms were totally inactivated at 0.072 Ah l(-1) under the optimal operation conditions. Ammonia removal due to the anodic indirect oxidation followed a pseudo first kinetic, while the modified model expressed as exponential decay fitted well to the experimental data with the presence of nitrate. The coliforms inactivation was attributed to the in situ generated active chlorine, indicating no extra addition of disinfectant. Nitrate reduction in cathodic area fitted to pseudo first order kinetic with kinetic constants of 0.13-0.54 l A(-1) h(-1). These results clearly showed the potential of this eAND process to serve as a tertiary treatment of WWTP effluent for simultaneous removal of ammonia, nitrate and disinfection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Qingliang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
| | - Yunshu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Liangliang Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Wei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Kun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
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Zhang X, Feng H, Liang Y, Zhao Z, Long Y, Fang Y, Wang M, Yin J, Shen D. The relief of microtherm inhibition for p-fluoronitrobenzene mineralization using electrical stimulation at low temperatures. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2015; 99:4485-94. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-014-6357-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2014] [Revised: 12/17/2014] [Accepted: 12/20/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Ma S, Zhang D, Zhang W, Wang Y. Ammonia stimulates growth and nitrite-oxidizing activity of Nitrobacter winogradskyi. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2014; 28:27-32. [PMID: 26019486 PMCID: PMC4433873 DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2014.901679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to obtain a nitrite-oxidizing bacterium with high nitrite oxidation activity for controlling nitrite levels. A nitrite-oxidizing bacterium, ZS-1, was isolated from the water of a coastal Pseudosciaena crocea-rearing pond. The strain was identified as Nitrobacter winogradskyi based on the phylogenetic analyses of the 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid gene and nxrA sequence of ZS-1. Under aerobic condition, the nitrite-oxidizing activity of ZS-1 did not change considerably in the range of pH 7-9, but was strongly inhibited by lower (pH = 6) and higher (pH = 10) pH values. The optimum temperature range is 25-32 °C. Lower temperature made the adaptive phase of ZS-1 longer but did not affect its maximum nitrite oxidization rate. The nitrite-oxidizing activity of ZS-1 started to be inhibited by ammonia and nitrate when the concentrations of ammonia and nitrate reached 25 mg L-1 and 100 mg L-1, respectively. The inhibition was stronger with higher concentration of ammonia or nitrate. The nitrite-oxidizing activity of ZS-1, however, was not inhibited by high concentration of nitrite (500 mg L-1). The nitrite-oxidizing activity of ZS-1 was increased by low ammonia concentration (1 mg L-1 to 10 mg L-1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Shouguang Ma
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Ningbo University , Ningbo , P. R. China
| | - Demin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Ningbo University , Ningbo , P. R. China
| | - Wenjun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Ningbo University , Ningbo , P. R. China
| | - Yinong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology of Ministry of Education, Ningbo University , Ningbo , P. R. China
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Gonzalez-Martinez A, Rodriguez-Sanchez A, Martinez-Toledo MV, Garcia-Ruiz MJ, Hontoria E, Osorio-Robles F, Gonzalez-Lopez J. Effect of ciprofloxacin antibiotic on the partial-nitritation process and bacterial community structure of a submerged biofilter. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2014; 476-477:276-287. [PMID: 24468502 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2013] [Revised: 01/05/2014] [Accepted: 01/05/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
A partial-nitritation bench-scale submerged biofilter was used for the treatment of synthetic wastewater containing a high concentration of ammonium in order to study the influence of the antibiotic ciprofloxacin on the partial-nitritation process and biodiversity of the bacterial community structure. The influence of ciprofloxacin was evaluated in four partial-nitritation bioreactors working in parallel, which received sterile synthetic wastewater amended with 350 ng/L of ciprofloxacin (Experiment 1), synthetic wastewater without ciprofloxacin (Experiment 2), synthetic wastewater amended with 100 ng/L of ciprofloxacin (Experiment 3) and synthetic wastewater amended with 350 ng/L of ciprofloxacin (Experiment 4). The concentration of 100 ng/L of antibiotics demonstrated that the partial-nitritation process, microbial biomass and bacterial structure generated by tag-pyrosequencing adapted progressively to the conditions in the bioreactor. However, high concentrations of ciprofloxacin (350 ng/L) induced a decay of the partial-nitritation process, while the total microbial biomass was increased. Within the same experiment, the bacterial community experienced sequential shifts with a clear reduction of the ammonium oxidation bacteria (AOB) and an evident increase of Commamonas sp., which have been previously reported to be ciprofloxacin-resistant. Our study suggests the need for careful monitoring of the concentration of antibiotics such as ciprofloxacin in partial-nitritation bioreactors, in order to choose and maintain the most appropriate conditions for the proper operation of the system.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Gonzalez-Martinez
- Department of Civil Engineering, University of Granada, Campus de Fuentenueva, s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain.
| | - A Rodriguez-Sanchez
- Institute of Water Research, University of Granada, C/Ramón y Cajal, 4, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - M V Martinez-Toledo
- Institute of Water Research, University of Granada, C/Ramón y Cajal, 4, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - M-J Garcia-Ruiz
- Department of Civil Engineering, University of Granada, Campus de Fuentenueva, s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - E Hontoria
- Department of Civil Engineering, University of Granada, Campus de Fuentenueva, s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - F Osorio-Robles
- Department of Civil Engineering, University of Granada, Campus de Fuentenueva, s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - J Gonzalez-Lopez
- Institute of Water Research, University of Granada, C/Ramón y Cajal, 4, 18071 Granada, Spain
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49
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Courtens ENP, Boon N, De Schryver P, Vlaeminck SE. Increased salinity improves the thermotolerance of mesophilic nitrification. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2014; 98:4691-9. [PMID: 24526362 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-014-5540-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2013] [Revised: 01/08/2014] [Accepted: 01/09/2014] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Nitrification is a well-studied and established process to treat ammonia in wastewater. Although thermophilic nitrification could avoid cooling costs for the treatment of warm wastewaters, applications above 40 °C remain a significant challenge. This study tested the effect of salinity on the thermotolerance of mesophilic nitrifying sludge (34 °C). In batch tests, 5 g NaCl L(-1) increased the activity of aerobic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AerAOB) by 20-21 % at 40 and 45 °C. For nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB), the activity remained unaltered at 40 °C, yet decreased by 83 % at 45 °C. In a subsequent long-term continuous reactor test, temperature was increased from 34 to 40, 42.5, 45, 47.5 and 50 °C. The AerAOB activity showed 65 and 37 % higher immediate resilience in the salt reactor (7.5 g NaCl L(-1)) for the first two temperature transitions and lost activity from 45 °C onwards. NOB activity, in contrast to the batch tests, was 37 and 21 % more resilient in the salt reactor for the first two transitions, while no difference was observed for the third temperature transition. The control reactor lost NOB activity at 47.5 °C, while the salt reactor only lost activity at 50 °C. Overall, this study demonstrates salt amendment as a tool for a more efficient temperature transition for mesophilic sludge (34 °C) and eventually higher nitrification temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie N P Courtens
- Laboratory of Microbial Ecology and Technology (LabMET), Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Gent, Belgium
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The Effect of Salinity on Membrane Fouling Characteristics in an Intermittently Aerated Membrane Bioreactor. J CHEM-NY 2014. [DOI: 10.1155/2014/765971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The effect of salinity on the membrane fouling characteristics was investigated in the intermittently aerated membrane bioreactor (IAMBR). Five different salinity loadings were set from 0 to 35 g·L−1(referring to NaCl), respectively. The removal of total organic carbon (TOC) and ammonia-nitrogen (NH4+-N) was gradually decreased with increasing salinity. The variation of membrane filtration resistance, particle size distribution (PSD), extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), soluble microbial products (SMP), and relative hydrophobicity (RH) analysis revealed that salinity has a significant effect on sludge characteristics in IAMBR. The results also indicated that the membrane fouling is often caused by the integration of sludge characteristics in saline wastewater.
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