1
|
Fouling Mitigation by Cationic Polymer Addition into a Pilot-Scale Anaerobic Membrane Bioreactor Fed with Blackwater. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12102383. [PMID: 33081226 PMCID: PMC7602741 DOI: 10.3390/polym12102383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cationic polymers have proven to be suitable flux enhancers (FEs) in large-scale aerobic membrane bioreactors (MBRs), whereas in anaerobic membrane bioreactors (AnMBRs) research is scarce, and so far, only done at lab-scale. Results from MBRs cannot be directly translated to AnMBRs because the extent and nature of membrane fouling under anaerobic and aerobic conditions are different. Our research focused on the long-term effect of dosing the cationic polymer Adifloc KD451 to a pilot AnMBR, fed with source-separated domestic blackwater. A single dosage of Adifloc KD451 at 50 mg L-1 significantly enhanced the filtration performance in the AnMBR, revealed by a decrease in both fouling rate and total filtration resistance. Nevertheless, FE addition had an immediate negative effect on the specific methanogenic activity (SMA), but this was a reversible process that had no adverse effect on permeate quality or chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal in the AnMBR. Moreover, the FE had a long-term positive effect on AnMBR filtration performance and sludge filterability. These findings indicate that dosing Adifloc KD451 is a suitable strategy for fouling mitigation in AnMBRs because it led to a long-term improvement in filtration performance, while having no significant adverse effects on permeate quality or COD removal.
Collapse
|
2
|
Feng G, Bai T, Ma H, Hu Z, Guo Y, Tan W. Establishment of the Permeability Model for Soft Solid Sludge Conditioned with Flocculants. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:18574-18581. [PMID: 31737816 PMCID: PMC6854576 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b02332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Permeability plays a decisive role in the dewatering process and reflects the difficulty of filtration, especially for soft solid material such as sludge. In this paper, the physicochemical properties and dewatering performance of sludge conditioned with different kinds of flocculants were investigated. Results showed that the flocculant could change the sludge microstructure such as floc morphology, specific surface area, and fractal dimension. Compared with filtration pressure, flocculants had a greater influence on sludge permeability which was a significant negative correlation with filtration pressure and was a positive correlation with flocculant dosage. In order to describe the fact that fluid flows through the porous voids for soft solid sludge, the improved Kozeny constant was corrected. Research showed that permeability was more significant in the dewatering process for the sludge conditioned with inorganic flocculants than that with organic flocculants. The Kozeny constant was not only relevant with suspension nature but also with filtration pressure. The range of the improved Kozeny constant was reasonably determined based on flocculant type, concentration, and filtration pressure, which was of great help to project applications. For raw sludge, the improved Kozeny constant was 958 times than that of the original value, and it decreased significantly for conditioned sludge.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guohong Feng
- School
of Environment & Safety, Taiyuan University
of Science & Technology, No. 66 Waliu Road, Wanbailin District, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi, China
| | - Tiantian Bai
- School
of Environment & Safety, Taiyuan University
of Science & Technology, No. 66 Waliu Road, Wanbailin District, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi, China
| | - He Ma
- School
of Environment & Safety, Taiyuan University
of Science & Technology, No. 66 Waliu Road, Wanbailin District, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi, China
| | - Zhi Hu
- School
of Environment & Safety, Taiyuan University
of Science & Technology, No. 66 Waliu Road, Wanbailin District, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi, China
| | - Yabing Guo
- School
of Environment & Safety, Taiyuan University
of Science & Technology, No. 66 Waliu Road, Wanbailin District, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi, China
| | - Wei Tan
- School
of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Tianjin University, No. 135 Yaguan Road, JinNan District, Tianjin 300350, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Gonçalves J, Baldovi AA, Chyoshi B, Zanata L, Salcedo AM, Subtil EL, Coelho LHG. EFFECT OF ALUMINUM SULFATE AND CATIONIC POLYMER ADDITION IN THE MIXED LIQUOR OF A SUBMERGED MEMBRANE BIOREACTOR (SMBR): SLUDGE CHARACTERISTICS AND ORTHOPHOSPHATE REMOVAL IN BATCH EXPERIMENTS. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 2019. [DOI: 10.1590/0104-6632.20190362s20180128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
|
4
|
Abstract
Information on the rheology of domestic slurries is essential in designing pipeline transportation in novel sanitation systems. As concentrated slurries in their original collected state have wide particle size distribution, with particles up to 2 mm, a wide gap rheometer is used to acquire the rheograms. Rheograms obtained from a wide gap rheometer require a method to convert the rotational velocity to the shear rate, and this method must be robust to noisy data and yield stress in the slurry. For this purpose, a Tikhonov regularisation method is chosen as it suits the criteria the best. Using this, the rheograms are obtained for various total suspended solids (TSS) concentrations of slurries. A Herschel-Bulkley rheological model is used to represent the rheology of the slurries. The influence of the change in concentration of the slurries is represented through its influence on the Herschel-Bulkley parameters. The consistency index K exponentially increases with the concentration. The yield stress τ y , is 0 at low concentrations, and above 2.0% TSS (wt./wt.) exponentially increases with the concentration. The behaviour index n , is 1 at low concentrations, and above 2.6% TSS (wt./wt.) it decreases in an inverse power law with the concentration to reach a sort of plateau.
Collapse
|
5
|
Park CH, Park JW, Han GB. Control of membrane fouling with the addition of a nanoporous zeolite membrane fouling reducer to the submerged hollow fiber membrane bioreactor. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART A, TOXIC/HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING 2016; 51:1024-1033. [PMID: 27399266 DOI: 10.1080/10934529.2016.1198600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The membrane fouling control via the addition of nanoporous zeolite membrane fouling reducer (Z-MFR) to the submerged membrane bioreactor (MBR) was investigated. Using scanning electron microscopy/energy-dispersive X-ray (SEM/EDX) analysis techniques, the characteristics of fouling on a hollow fiber membrane surface were also analyzed. The addition of Z-MFR to the MBR led to the adsorption of foulants and the flocculation of mixed liquor suspended solids (MLSSs), which resulted in substantially enhancing the membrane filterability. The critical flux values obtained from the sewage mixed liquors of 3400 mg L(-1) at the effective dosage rate of 0.03 mg Z-MFR mg(-1) MLSS was 85 L m(-2) h(-1) (LMH), which was enhanced by 42%. The transmembrane pressure (TMP) variation under the operating conditions of 30 LMH with 3500 mg MLSS L(-1) showed that the addition of Z-MFR extended the time required to reach the critical flux of 0.32 bar by 2.6-fold longer than the control. Thus, due to the hybrid functions of adsorbing foulants and precipitating colloidal substances with the addition of Z-MFR, a decrease in the foulant amount and an improvement of sludge flocculation have been attained simultaneously. As a result, the membrane fouling control was achieved effectively with the addition of the Z-MFR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chul-Hwi Park
- a Department of Environmental Engineering , University of Seoul , Seoul , Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Won Park
- a Department of Environmental Engineering , University of Seoul , Seoul , Republic of Korea
| | - Gee-Bong Han
- b Department of Biosciences & Environmental Engineering , The Catholic University of Korea , Kyunggi-do , Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Erkan HS, Onkal Engin G, Ince M, Bayramoglu MR. Effect of carbon to nitrogen ratio of feed wastewater and sludge retention time on activated sludge in a submerged membrane bioreactor. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:10742-10752. [PMID: 26888531 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-6215-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2015] [Accepted: 01/31/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
This paper investigated the effects of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) on the activated sludge rheology in a submerged membrane bioreactor (sMBR) operated at different sludge retention time (SRT) values and different carbon to nitrogen ratios (C/N) of feed wastewater. The C/N ratios of the feed were adjusted accordingly so that synthetic wastewaters prepared simulated municipal wastewater, non-toxic wastewater with high C/N ratio and non-toxic wastewater with low C/N ratio. A number of important operational parameters such as mixed liquor suspended solid (MLSS), protein fraction of EPS (EPSp), carbohydrate fraction of EPS (EPSc), protein fraction of soluble microbial product (SMPp), carbohydrate fraction of SMP (SMPc), apparent viscosity, critical flux and hydrophobicity in mixed liquor and their correlations were investigated in the sMBR systems operated. The statistical analysis indicated that the C/N ratio of feed, SRT, MLSS and SMPc were found to have positive effects on apparent viscosity at three different shear rates. On the other hand, a negative impact was detected between the apparent viscosities and the critical fluxes. It was also observed that there is a significant positive correlation between hydrophobicity and both EPSp and SMPp.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hanife Sari Erkan
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Yildiz Technical University, 34220 Davutpasa, Esenler, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Guleda Onkal Engin
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Yildiz Technical University, 34220 Davutpasa, Esenler, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mahir Ince
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Yildiz Technical University, 34220 Davutpasa, Esenler, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mahmut R Bayramoglu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Gebze Technical University, 41400, Gebze, Kocaeli, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Deng L, Guo W, Ngo HH, Zuthi MFR, Zhang J, Liang S, Li J, Wang J, Zhang X. Membrane fouling reduction and improvement of sludge characteristics by bioflocculant addition in submerged membrane bioreactor. Sep Purif Technol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2015.10.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
8
|
A novel method for rheological characterization of biofouling layers developing in Membrane Bioreactors (MBR). J Memb Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2015.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
|
9
|
Ji J, Li J, Qiu J, Li X. Polyacrylamide–starch composite flocculant as a membrane fouling reducer: Key factors of fouling reduction. Sep Purif Technol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2014.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
10
|
Rezaei M, Mehrnia MR. The influence of zeolite (clinoptilolite) on the performance of a hybrid membrane bioreactor. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2014; 158:25-31. [PMID: 24583211 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.01.138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2013] [Revised: 01/25/2014] [Accepted: 01/28/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
This work aims to investigate the effect of clinoptilolite on the performance of membrane bioreactor (MBR). The control membrane bioreactor without clinoptilolite (CMBR) and the hybrid membrane bioreactor with clinoptilolite (HMBR), in two parallel simultaneous MBRs within long and short term filtration experiments, were studied. Sludge properties, transmembrane pressure (TMP) rise as an index for membrane fouling and nutrient removal from synthetic wastewater in the CMBR and HMBR were compared. In HMBR, sludge properties improvement such as 22.5% rise in MLSS, 7% more accumulation of large particles, reduction of soluble microbial products (SMP) to half of this value in CMBR, no increase in sludge volume index (SVI) and 66% TMP reduced. The results of short term filtration showed that the trend of TMP increase in terms of flux will be slower in HMBR. Improvement of biological wastewater treatment quality and ease of membrane operation are concluded from this study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Rezaei
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Iran.
| | - M R Mehrnia
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Liang S, Xiao K, Wu J, Liang P, Huang X. Mechanism of membrane filterability amelioration via tuning mixed liquor property by pre-ozonation. J Memb Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2013.11.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
12
|
Baroutian S, Eshtiaghi N, Gapes DJ. Rheology of a primary and secondary sewage sludge mixture: dependency on temperature and solid concentration. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2013; 140:227-233. [PMID: 23693149 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2013.04.114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2013] [Revised: 04/25/2013] [Accepted: 04/26/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The main objective of this study was to investigate the rheology of mixed primary and secondary sludge and its dependency on solid content and temperature. Results of this study showed that the temperature and solid concentration are critical parameters affecting the mixed sludge rheology. It was found that the yield stress increases with an increase in the sludge solid content and decreases with increasing temperature. The rheological behaviour of sludges was modelled using the Herschel-Bulkley model. The results of the model showed a good agreement with experimental data. Depending on the total solid content, the average error varied between 3.25% and 6.22%.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saeid Baroutian
- SCION, Te Papa Tipu Innovation Park, 49 Sala Street, Rotorua 3046, New Zealand.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Microbial relevant fouling in membrane bioreactors: influencing factors, characterization, and fouling control. MEMBRANES 2012; 2:565-84. [PMID: 24958297 PMCID: PMC4021913 DOI: 10.3390/membranes2030565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2012] [Revised: 07/20/2012] [Accepted: 08/09/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Microorganisms in membrane bioreactors (MBRs) play important roles on degradation of organic/inorganic substances in wastewaters, while microbial deposition/growth and microbial product accumulation on membranes potentially induce membrane fouling. Generally, there is a need to characterize membrane foulants and to determine their relations to the evolution of membrane fouling in order to identify a suitable fouling control approach in MBRs. This review summarized the factors in MBRs that influence microbial behaviors (community compositions, physical properties, and microbial products). The state-of-the-art techniques to characterize biofoulants in MBRs were reported. The strategies for controlling microbial relevant fouling were discussed and the future studies on membrane fouling mechanisms in MBRs were proposed.
Collapse
|