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Mapping Microbial Capacities for Bioremediation: Genes to Genomics. Indian J Microbiol 2019; 60:45-53. [PMID: 32089573 DOI: 10.1007/s12088-019-00842-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Bioremediation is a process wherein the decontamination strategies are designed so that a site could achieve the environmental abiotic and biotic parameters close to its baseline. In the process, the driving force is the available microbial genetic degradative capabilities, which are supported by required nutrients so that the desired expression of these capabilities could be exploited in favour of removal of pollutants. With genomics tools not only the available abilities could be estimated but their dynamic performance could also be established. These tools are now playing important role in bioprocess optimization, which not only derive the bio-stimulation plans but also could suggest possible genetic bio-augmentation options.
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Akoetey W, Morawicki R. The effect of adaptation of Lactobacillus amylovorus to increasing concentrations of sweet potato starch on the production of lactic acid for its potential use in the treatment of cannery waste. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART. B, PESTICIDES, FOOD CONTAMINANTS, AND AGRICULTURAL WASTES 2018; 53:802-809. [PMID: 30199316 DOI: 10.1080/03601234.2018.1505076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Lactobacillus amylovorus, an amylolytic species, was cultured in increasing concentrations of sweet potato starch to test the effect of this progressive acclimation on lactic acid production. This research is part of a project on the use of the waste stream from a sweet potato cannery to produce lactic acid. The media used for this acclimation was a modified version of the de Man, Rogosa and Sharpe medium, in which glucose was partially or totally substituted with sweet potato starch. The process was done in five steps, starting with 100% glucose in the first step and ending with 100% sweet potato starch in the last one. At each step, the effectiveness of the acclimation was tested by running fermentations with and without pH control for 62 h. The effect of the overall adaptation process was tested by comparing the growth and activity of the acclimated vs non-acclimated bacteria using sweet potato starch as the only source of carbohydrates. Growth and activity assessments indicated that L. amylovorus was able to ferment sweet potato starch into lactic acid. In most cases, pH control resulted in better substrate utilisation and larger amounts of lactic acid. In the comparison study, however, the adaptation process had a major influence on lactic acid production than the effect of pH. For 20 g L-1 sweet potato starch media, adapted L. amylovorus under no pH control yielded 11.20 g L-1 versus the non-adapted bacteria, which yielded 7.10 g L-1. Under controlled pH conditions, 14.80 and 4.20 g L-1 lactic acid were produced by adapted and non-adapted bacteria respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Winifred Akoetey
- a Department of Food Science , University of Arkansas , Fayetteville , USA
| | - Ruben Morawicki
- a Department of Food Science , University of Arkansas , Fayetteville , USA
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Li X, Yuan Y, Cheng D, Gao J, Kong L, Zhao Q, Wei W, Sun Y. Exploring stress tolerance mechanism of evolved freshwater strain Chlorella sp. S30 under 30 g/L salt. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 250:495-504. [PMID: 29197772 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.11.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Revised: 11/17/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Enhancement of stress tolerance to high concentration of salt and CO2 is beneficial for CO2 capture by microalgae. Adaptive evolution was performed for improving the tolerance of a freshwater strain, Chlorella sp. AE10, to 30 g/L salt. A resulting strain denoted as Chlorella sp. S30 was obtained after 46 cycles (138 days). The stress tolerance mechanism was analyzed by comparative transcriptomic analysis. Although the evolved strain could tolerate 30 g/L salt, high salinity caused loss to photosynthesis, oxidative phosphorylation, fatty acid biosynthesis and tyrosine metabolism. The related genes of antioxidant enzymes, CO2 fixation, amino acid biosynthesis, central carbon metabolism and ABC transporter proteins were up-regulated. Besides the up-regulation of several genes in Calvin-Benson cycle, they were also identified in C4 photosynthetic pathway and crassulacean acid metabolism pathway. They were essential for the survival and CO2 fixation of Chlorella sp. S30 under 30 g/L salt and 10% CO2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuyang Li
- School of Life Science, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, China; Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 99 Haike Road, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Yizhong Yuan
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 99 Haike Road, Shanghai 201210, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China; ShanghaiTech University, 100 Haike Road, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Dujia Cheng
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 99 Haike Road, Shanghai 201210, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China; ShanghaiTech University, 100 Haike Road, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Juan Gao
- School of Life Science, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Lingzhao Kong
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 99 Haike Road, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Quanyu Zhao
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 99 Haike Road, Shanghai 201210, China; ShanghaiTech University, 100 Haike Road, Shanghai 201210, China.
| | - Wei Wei
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 99 Haike Road, Shanghai 201210, China; ShanghaiTech University, 100 Haike Road, Shanghai 201210, China; Center for Excellence in Urban Atmospheric Environment, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Yuhan Sun
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 99 Haike Road, Shanghai 201210, China; ShanghaiTech University, 100 Haike Road, Shanghai 201210, China
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Goyal A, Sharma P. A model on the biological treatment of saline wastewater. INT J BIOMATH 2017. [DOI: 10.1142/s1793524517500218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Water scarcity is not a new issue, neither is water pollution. While 70% of the earth’s surface is covered with water, only 3% of it is available as fresh water. Moreover the pollution of water resources has dramatically increased the problem of water scarcity over the last century. Bioremediation presents a cheap and effective solution of this problem. In particular, halophiles have been found to be effective in hypersaline wastewater treatment. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a nonlinear mathematical model to study the removal of a pollutant using halophiles in the hypersaline environment. The analysis of the model is being carried out using stability theory of differential equations. The results indicate that halophiles not only help in removing the organic pollutant, but also help in conversion of saline water into fresh water. The numerical simulations along with sensitivity analysis are performed to support the analytical results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashish Goyal
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, The University of New South Wales, Sydney NSW 2052, Australia
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Puranik S, Purohit HJ. Dynamic interactive events in gene regulation using E. coli dehydrogenase as a model. Funct Integr Genomics 2014; 15:175-88. [PMID: 25433707 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-014-0418-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2014] [Revised: 11/13/2014] [Accepted: 11/17/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Different approaches in gene expression analysis always provide a snapshot view of cellular events. During the bacterial growth, the decisions are dynamically made with participation of various genes and their interactions with modulating factors. We have selected Escherichia coli dehydrogenases as a model to capture these interactions. We have treated the cells with hydrogen peroxide with very low level and asked the questions how cellular physiology has modulated itself to survive post-shock conditions. We hypothesized that while global regulators and associated gene network dictate the overall cellular intelligence, specific redox-sensitive classes of enzymes like dehydrogenase-mediated modulation could provide the option to cell for survival under peroxide after-effect. To understand the dynamic gene interaction, we used multidimensional scaling of genes and overlaid with minimum spanning tree to understand the clustering patterns under different conditions. Study shows that under peroxide after-effect, it is the interplay of ArcA (global regulator), with ldhA (involved in intermediary metabolism) and ndh (managing co-factor NADH), that emerges as modulating association. Knockout mutants of global regulators confirmed the promoter activity trend through gene expression change for dehydrogenases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sampada Puranik
- Environmental Genomics Division, CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, 440020, Nehru Marg, India
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Chen L, Wu L, Zhu Y, Song Z, Wang J, Zhang W. An orphan two-component response regulator Slr1588 involves salt tolerance by directly regulating synthesis of compatible solutes in photosynthetic Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 10:1765-74. [DOI: 10.1039/c4mb00095a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We report here the characterization of a novel orphan response regulator Slr1588 directly involved in the synthesis and transport of compatible solutes against salt stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Chen
- Laboratory of Synthetic Microbiology
- School of Chemical Engineering & Technology
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering
| | - Lina Wu
- Laboratory of Synthetic Microbiology
- School of Chemical Engineering & Technology
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering
| | - Ye Zhu
- Laboratory of Synthetic Microbiology
- School of Chemical Engineering & Technology
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering
| | - Zhongdi Song
- Laboratory of Synthetic Microbiology
- School of Chemical Engineering & Technology
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering
| | - Jiangxin Wang
- Laboratory of Synthetic Microbiology
- School of Chemical Engineering & Technology
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering
| | - Weiwen Zhang
- Laboratory of Synthetic Microbiology
- School of Chemical Engineering & Technology
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering
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