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Rhizopus oryzae Inulinase Production and Characterization with Application in Chicory Root Saccharification. MICROBIOLOGY RESEARCH 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/microbiolres14010024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to create a fermentation process for the production of inulinase, an important enzyme with numerous applications in the food and pharmaceutical industries, using low-cost agricultural waste as substrates for Rhizopus oryzae NRRL 3563. High titer inulinase production in chicory roots by Rhizopus oryzae in a submerged culture was accomplished using a statistical experimental design. A two-level Plackett–Burman design followed by a three-level Box–Behnken design producing a high inulinase titer of 1085.11 U/mL, 2.83-fold the maximum level, was obtained in the screening experiment. The optimal levels were as follows: chicory root, 10 g/L; NaNO3, 5 g/L; and KCl, 0.2 g/L. The produced inulinase enzyme was purified using 70% ammonium sulfate precipitation and ultra-filtration causing 3.63-fold purification with 60% activity recovery. The enzyme had a molecular weight of approximately 130 KDa. The purified enzyme showed optimum activity at 50 °C and pH 6.0. The pH stability range was three to six and the temperature stability was up 70 °C. The purified inulinase could hydrolyze inulin and sucrose, but not cellobiose or soluble starch. Km and Vmax for inulin were determined to be 0.8 mg/mL and 50,000 U/mg, respectively. The two-level Plackett–Burman design was applied followed by a Box–Behnken model for optimization of fermentation conditions. Accordingly, the optimal combination of fermentation was a reaction time of seven hours, a temperature of 60 °C, and an enzyme concentration of 40,000 U/mL, which resulted in a 58.07% saccharification yield. The characteristics of the enzyme and its kinetic parameters suggested that it was highly effective in the fermentation of inulin and inulin-containing substrates. Additionally, it raises the potential of using inulinase enzymes in pharmaceutical and food industries.
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2
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Wang L, Lin X, Zhou Y, Chen H. Porous inert material as promising carrier enhanced cellulase production from Trichoderma reesei in solid-state fermentation. Process Biochem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2022.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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3
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Wang M, Zhou W, Yang Y, Xing J, Lin Y. Penicillium sp. Cis16 improves soluble dietary fiber content in citrus dregs fermentation. FOOD BIOTECHNOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/08905436.2022.2091592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mingzhe Wang
- Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wanyi Zhou
- Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ying Yang
- Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jianrong Xing
- Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuqing Lin
- Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Key Aggregation Cryptosystem and Double Encryption Method for Cloud-Based Intelligent Machine Learning Techniques-Based Health Monitoring Systems. COMPUTATIONAL INTELLIGENCE AND NEUROSCIENCE 2022; 2022:3767912. [PMID: 35498196 PMCID: PMC9050288 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3767912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Cloud technology is a business strategy that aims to provide the necessary material to customers depending on their needs. Individuals and cloud businesses alike have embraced the cloud storage service, which has become the most widely used service. The industries outsource their data to cloud storage space to relieve themselves of the load of dealing with redundant data contents. This must be protected to prevent the theft of personal belongings, and privacy must be improved as well. Different research projects have been suggested to ensure the safe management of the information included within the data content. The security of current research projects, on the contrary, still needs improvement. As a result, this method has been suggested to address the security concerns associated with cloud computing. The primary goal of this study effort is to offer a safe environment for cloud users while also increasing the profit of cloud resource providers by managing and securely delivering data contents to the cloud users. The bulk of sectors, including business, finance, military, and healthcare industry, do not store data in cloud-based storage systems. This technique is used to attract these kinds of customers. Increasing public acceptance, medical researchers are drawn to cloud computing because it allows them to store their study material in a centralized location and distribute and access it in a more flexible manner. They were collected from numerous individuals who were being evaluated for medical care at the time. Scalable and enhanced key aggregate cryptosystem is a protected data protection method that provides highly effective security in the healthcare industry. When parties interested in a dispute disagree on the outflow of sensitive information, this technique manages the disputes and ensures the data security deployment of a cloud-based intelligent health monitoring system for the parties involved. The encrypted data structure of medical and healthcare prescriptions is recorded as they move through the hands of patients and healthcare facilities, according to the technique recommended. The double encryption approach is used in order to raise the overall degree of security. An encryption class is created by referring to the Ciphertext ID during the encryption procedure. The keyholder is a master secret key that facilitates in the recovery of the secret keys of various monsters and creatures by acting as a conduit between them. It is transferred and stored as a single aggregate for the benefit of the patient or customer in order to make decryption more convenient and efficient. A safe connection between cloud-based intelligent health monitoring systems and healthcare organizations and their patients may be established via the use of a key aggregation cryptosystem and a double encryption approach, according to the researchers. Because of this, when compared to earlier techniques, the findings reveal that the research methodology provides high levels of security in terms of confidentiality and integrity, in addition to excellent scalability.
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Bhardwaj N, Kumar B, Agrawal K, Verma P. Current perspective on production and applications of microbial cellulases: a review. BIORESOUR BIOPROCESS 2021; 8:95. [PMID: 38650192 PMCID: PMC10992179 DOI: 10.1186/s40643-021-00447-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The potential of cellulolytic enzymes has been widely studied and explored for bioconversion processes and plays a key role in various industrial applications. Cellulase, a key enzyme for cellulose-rich waste feedstock-based biorefinery, has increasing demand in various industries, e.g., paper and pulp, juice clarification, etc. Also, there has been constant progress in developing new strategies to enhance its production, such as the application of waste feedstock as the substrate for the production of individual or enzyme cocktails, process parameters control, and genetic manipulations for enzyme production with enhanced yield, efficiency, and specificity. Further, an insight into immobilization techniques has also been presented for improved reusability of cellulase, a critical factor that controls the cost of the enzyme at an industrial scale. In addition, the review also gives an insight into the status of the significant application of cellulase in the industrial sector, with its techno-economic analysis for future applications. The present review gives a complete overview of current perspectives on the production of microbial cellulases as a promising tool to develop a sustainable and greener concept for industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisha Bhardwaj
- Bioprocess and Bioenergy Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Central University of Rajasthan, NH-8, Bandarsindri, Kishangarh, Ajmer, Rajasthan, 305817, India
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Institute of Chemical Technology, Nathalal Parekh Marg, Matunga, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400019, India
| | - Bikash Kumar
- Bioprocess and Bioenergy Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Central University of Rajasthan, NH-8, Bandarsindri, Kishangarh, Ajmer, Rajasthan, 305817, India
| | - Komal Agrawal
- Bioprocess and Bioenergy Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Central University of Rajasthan, NH-8, Bandarsindri, Kishangarh, Ajmer, Rajasthan, 305817, India
| | - Pradeep Verma
- Bioprocess and Bioenergy Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Central University of Rajasthan, NH-8, Bandarsindri, Kishangarh, Ajmer, Rajasthan, 305817, India.
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6
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Production of cellulases and xylanases in solid-state fermentation by different strains of Aspergillus niger using sugarcane bagasse and brewery spent grain. Biochem Eng J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2021.108060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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7
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Buffo MM, Ferreira ALZ, Almeida RMRG, Farinas CS, Badino AC, Ximenes EA, Ladisch MR. Cellulolytic enzymes production guided by morphology engineering. Enzyme Microb Technol 2021; 149:109833. [PMID: 34311878 DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2021.109833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Endoglucanase and xylanase are critical enzymes for liquefaction and enzyme hydrolysis of high solids lignocellulosic biomass to facilitate its transport and production of desired derived products. Here is reported how combinations of different spore concentrations and pH influence microbial morphology, and how this may be used to direct expression and secretion of enzymes by Aspergillus niger. While xylanase production is not affected by A. niger morphology changes, endoglucanase production is enhanced under conditions of lower stress and by morphology that results in pellets. β-glucosidase production is enhanced under dispersed morphology, which results in up to fourfold increase of this enzyme production under the tested experimental conditions. A morphologic scale (Y) is proposed based on a form factor that considers the size and frequency of each morphology class, and that points to conditions that result in high selectivity for either endoglucanase or β-glucosidase production. An equation proposed to relate enzyme activity to morphology provides a useful tool for tuning enzyme production of A. niger, where morphology is a first indication of relative enzyme activities in a fermentation broth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariane M Buffo
- Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, 13565-905, Brazil
| | | | | | - Cristiane S Farinas
- Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, 13565-905, Brazil; Embrapa Instrumentation, Rua XV de Novembro 1452, São Carlos, SP, 13560-970, Brazil
| | - Alberto C Badino
- Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, 13565-905, Brazil.
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Nogueira DE, Cabral JM, Rodrigues CA. Single-Use Bioreactors for Human Pluripotent and Adult Stem Cells: Towards Regenerative Medicine Applications. Bioengineering (Basel) 2021; 8:68. [PMID: 34067549 PMCID: PMC8156863 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering8050068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Research on human stem cells, such as pluripotent stem cells and mesenchymal stromal cells, has shown much promise in their use for regenerative medicine approaches. However, their use in patients requires large-scale expansion systems while maintaining the quality of the cells. Due to their characteristics, bioreactors have been regarded as ideal platforms to harbour stem cell biomanufacturing at a large scale. Specifically, single-use bioreactors have been recommended by regulatory agencies due to reducing the risk of product contamination, and many different systems have already been developed. This review describes single-use bioreactor platforms which have been used for human stem cell expansion and differentiation, along with their comparison with reusable systems in the development of a stem cell bioprocess for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diogo E.S. Nogueira
- Department of Bioengineering and iBB—Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal; (D.E.S.N.); (J.M.S.C.)
- Associate Laboratory i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Joaquim M.S. Cabral
- Department of Bioengineering and iBB—Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal; (D.E.S.N.); (J.M.S.C.)
- Associate Laboratory i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Carlos A.V. Rodrigues
- Department of Bioengineering and iBB—Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal; (D.E.S.N.); (J.M.S.C.)
- Associate Laboratory i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
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9
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Ren P, Chen T, Liu N, Sun W, Hu G, Yu Y, Yu B, Ouyang P, Liu D, Chen Y. Efficient Biofilm-Based Fermentation Strategies by eDNA Formation for l-Proline Production with Corynebacterium glutamicum. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:33314-33322. [PMID: 33403293 PMCID: PMC7774248 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c05095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Biofilms could provide favorable conditions for the growth of cells during industrial fermentation. However, biofilm-immobilized fermentation has not yet been reported in Corynebacterium glutamicum (C. glutamicum), one of the main strains for amino acid production. This is mainly because C. glutamicum has a poor capability of adsorption onto materials or forming an extracellular polymeric substance (EPS). Here, an engineered strain, C. glutamicum Pro-ΔexeM, was created by removing the extracellular nuclease gene exeM, which effectively increased extracellular DNA (eDNA) in the EPS and cell adhesiveness onto carrier materials. In repeated-batch fermentation using the biofilm, l-proline production increased from 10.2 to 17.1 g/L. In summary, this research demonstrated that a synthetic C. glutamicum biofilm could be favorable for l-proline production, which could be extended to other industrial applications of C. glutamicum, and the strategy may also be applicable to the engineering of other strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peifang Ren
- State
Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College
of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, P.R. China
| | - Tianpeng Chen
- State
Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College
of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, P.R. China
| | - Na Liu
- State
Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College
of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, P.R. China
| | - Wenjun Sun
- State
Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College
of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, P.R. China
| | - Guang Hu
- Nanjing
Iaso Biotherapeutics Co., Ltd., Nanjing 210000, P.R. China
| | - Ying Yu
- State
Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College
of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, P.R. China
| | - Bin Yu
- State
Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College
of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, P.R. China
| | - Pingkai Ouyang
- State
Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College
of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, P.R. China
- National
Engineering Research Center for Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology
and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing
Tech University, Nanjing 211816, P.R. China
| | - Dong Liu
- State
Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College
of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, P.R. China
- National
Engineering Research Center for Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology
and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing
Tech University, Nanjing 211816, P.R. China
| | - Yong Chen
- State
Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College
of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, P.R. China
- National
Engineering Research Center for Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology
and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing
Tech University, Nanjing 211816, P.R. China
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10
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Buffo MM, Esperança MN, Farinas CS, Badino AC. Relation between pellet fragmentation kinetics and cellulolytic enzymes production by Aspergillus niger in conventional bioreactor with different impellers. Enzyme Microb Technol 2020; 139:109587. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2020.109587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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11
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12
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Chen T, Liu N, Ren P, Xi X, Yang L, Sun W, Yu B, Ying H, Ouyang P, Liu D, Chen Y. Efficient Biofilm-Based Fermentation Strategies for L-Threonine Production by Escherichia coli. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:1773. [PMID: 31428070 PMCID: PMC6688125 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.01773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Biofilms provide cells favorable growth conditions, which have been exploited in industrial biotechnological processes. However, industrial application of the biofilm has not yet been reported in Escherichia coli, one of the most important platform strains, though the biofilm has been extensively studied for pathogenic reasons. Here, we engineered E. coli by overexpressing the fimH gene, which successfully enhanced its biofilm formation under industrial aerobic cultivation conditions. Subsequently, a biofilm-based immobilized fermentation strategy was developed. L-threonine production was increased from 10.5 to 14.1 g/L during batch fermentations and further to 17.5 g/L during continuous (repeated-batch) fermentations with enhanced productivities. Molecular basis for the enhanced biofilm formation and L-threonine biosynthesis was also studied by transcriptome analysis. This study goes beyond the conventional research focusing on pathogenic aspects of E. coli biofilm and represents a successful application case of engineered E. coli biofilm to industrial processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianpeng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China
| | - Na Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China
| | - Peifang Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xun Xi
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China
| | - Leyun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenjun Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bin Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hanjie Ying
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China
| | - Pingkai Ouyang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China
| | - Dong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China
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13
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Lignocellulolytic characterization and comparative secretome analysis of a Trichoderma erinaceum strain isolated from decaying sugarcane straw. Fungal Biol 2019; 123:330-340. [PMID: 30928041 DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2019.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2018] [Revised: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The fungus Trichoderma reesei is employed in the production of most enzyme cocktails used by the lignocellulosic biofuels industry today. Despite significant improvements, the cost of the required enzyme preparations remains high, representing a major obstacle for the industrial production of these alternative fuels. In this study, a new Trichoderma erinaceum strain was isolated from decaying sugarcane straw. The enzyme cocktail secreted by the new isolate during growth in pretreated sugarcane straw-containing medium presented higher specific activities of β-glucosidase, endoxylanase, β-xylosidase and α-galactosidase than the cocktail of a wild T. reesei strain and yielded more glucose in the hydrolysis of pretreated sugarcane straw. A proteomic analysis of the two strains' secretomes identified a total of 86 proteins, of which 48 were exclusive to T. erinaceum, 35 were exclusive to T. reesei and only 3 were common to both strains. The secretome of T. erinaceum also displayed a higher number of carbohydrate-active enzymes than that of T. reesei (37 and 27 enzymes, respectively). Altogether, these results reveal the significant potential of the T. erinaceum species for the production of lignocellulases, both as a possible source of enzymes for the supplementation of industrial cocktails and as a candidate chassis for enzyme production.
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15
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Schneider WDH, Gonçalves TA, Uchima CA, Reis LD, Fontana RC, Squina FM, Dillon AJP, Camassola M. Comparison of the production of enzymes to cell wall hydrolysis using different carbon sources by Penicillium echinulatum strains and its hydrolysis potential for lignocelullosic biomass. Process Biochem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2017.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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16
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Zhao X, Luo K, Zhang Y, Zheng Z, Cai Y, Wen B, Cui Z, Wang X. Improving the methane yield of maize straw: Focus on the effects of pretreatment with fungi and their secreted enzymes combined with sodium hydroxide. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 250:204-213. [PMID: 29174897 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.09.160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Revised: 09/21/2017] [Accepted: 09/22/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In order to improve the methane yield, the alkaline and biological pretreatments on anaerobic digestion (AD) were investigated. Three treatments were tested: NaOH, biological (enzyme and fungi), and combined NaOH with biological. The maximum reducing sugar concentrations were obtained using Enzyme T (2.20 mg/mL) on the 6th day. The methane yield of NaOH + Enzyme A was 300.85 mL/g TS, 20.24% higher than the control. Methane yield obtained from Enzyme (T + A) and Enzyme T pretreatments were 277.03 and 273.75 mL/g TS, respectively, which were as effective as 1% NaOH (276.16 mL/g TS) in boosting methane production, and are environmentally friendly and inexpensive biological substitutes. Fungal pretreatment inhibited methane fermentation of maize straw, 15.68% was reduced by T + A compared with the control. The simultaneous reduction of DM, cellulose and hemicellulose achieved high methane yields. This study provides important guidance for the application of enzymes to AD from lignocellulosic agricultural waste.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoling Zhao
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Kai Luo
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zehui Zheng
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yafan Cai
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Boting Wen
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zongjun Cui
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiaofen Wang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
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17
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Isolation, purification and characterization of 5'-phosphodiesterase from Aspergillus fumigatus. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0186011. [PMID: 29073277 PMCID: PMC5657630 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0186011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Accepted: 09/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
5'-Phosphodiesterase (5'-PDE) catalyzes the hydrolysis of ribonucleic acid to obtain a mixture of ribonucleotides, such as 5'-guanosine monophosphate and 5'-adenosine monophosphate. In this study, a 5'-PDE was newly isolated and purified from Aspergillus fumigatus. Following purification, this enzyme exhibited a specific activity of 1036.76 U/mg protein, a molecular weight of 9.5 kDa, and an optimal temperature and pH for enzyme activity of 60°C and 5.0, respectively. However, its activity was partially inhibited by Fe3+, Cu2+, and Zn2+, but slightly improved by the presence of K+ and Na+. Additionally, chemical-modification experiments were also applied to investigate the structural information of 5'-PDE, in which the residues containing carboxyl and imidazole groups were essential for enzyme activity based on their localization in the 5'-PDE active site. Furthermore, purified 5'-PDE could specifically catalyze the synthesis of ribonucleotides with a Vmax 0.71 mmol/mg·min and a KM of 13.60 mg/mL.
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18
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Libardi N, Soccol CR, Góes-Neto A, Oliveira JD, Vandenberghe LPDS. Domestic wastewater as substrate for cellulase production by Trichoderma harzianum. Process Biochem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2017.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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19
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Xue DS, Liang LY, Zheng G, Lin DQ, Zhang QL, Yao SJ. Expression of Piromyces rhizinflata cellulase in marine Aspergillus niger to enhance halostable cellulase activity by adjusting enzyme-composition. Biochem Eng J 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2016.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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20
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Production of β-glucosidase from wheat bran and glycerol by Aspergillus niger in stirred tank and rotating fibrous bed bioreactors. Process Biochem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2016.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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21
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Buffo M, Corrêa L, Esperança M, Cruz A, Farinas C, Badino A. Influence of dual-impeller type and configuration on oxygen transfer, power consumption, and shear rate in a stirred tank bioreactor. Biochem Eng J 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2016.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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22
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Nava-Cruz NY, Contreras-Esquivel JC, Aguilar-González MA, Nuncio A, Rodríguez-Herrera R, Aguilar CN. Agave atrovirens fibers as substrate and support for solid-state fermentation for cellulase production by Trichoderma asperellum. 3 Biotech 2016; 6:115. [PMID: 28330185 PMCID: PMC5398194 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-016-0426-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2015] [Accepted: 04/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Many efforts have been made to produce cellulase with better features and conditions, and filamentous fungi have played an important role in the bioprocess, growing in liquid and solid cultures with sugarcane bagasse, corn stover and others lignocellulosic materials. In the present study, Agave atrovirens fibers were partially characterized, thermal pretreated and used as support, substrate and inducer source for cellulolytic complex production by four strains of the genus Trichoderma, where T. asperellum was selected as the best option for this process after evaluating the enzyme activity and the invasion capacity on the pretreated Agave fibers. Fungi were able to grow on the Agave fibers secreting the complex cellulolytic enzyme. Results show Agave fibers as a good carbon source and support for T. asperellum for the production of the cellulolytic complex (endoglucanase 12,860.8 U/g; exoglucanase 3144.4 U/g; and β-glucosidase 384.4 U/g). These results show the promising potential this material could have in the production of the active enzyme cellulase complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naivy Y Nava-Cruz
- Food Research Department, Faculty of Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila, 25280, Saltillo, Coahuila, Mexico
| | - Juan C Contreras-Esquivel
- Food Research Department, Faculty of Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila, 25280, Saltillo, Coahuila, Mexico
| | | | - Alberto Nuncio
- Food Research Department, Faculty of Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila, 25280, Saltillo, Coahuila, Mexico
| | - Raúl Rodríguez-Herrera
- Food Research Department, Faculty of Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila, 25280, Saltillo, Coahuila, Mexico
| | - Cristóbal N Aguilar
- Food Research Department, Faculty of Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila, 25280, Saltillo, Coahuila, Mexico.
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23
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Budihal SR, Agsar D, Patil SR. Enhanced production and application of acidothermophilic Streptomyces cellulase. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 200:706-712. [PMID: 26556405 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.10.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2015] [Revised: 10/29/2015] [Accepted: 10/30/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
An efficient cellulolytic and acidothermophilic actinobacterium was isolated from soil, adhered to decomposing tree bark and was identified as Streptomyces DSK59. Screening of synthetic media and the media components identified that, a medium based on starch casein minerals containing carboxy methyl cellulose (CMC) and beef extract (BE) could support enhanced cellulase production by the organism. CMC, BE, NaCl, temperature and pH were accounted as significant for cellulase production and these were optimized using a response surface central composite design (CCD). Optimization of cellulase production resulted in an enhancement of endoglucanase activity to 27IUml(-1). Acidothermophillic Streptomyces cellulase was found to be efficient for hydrolysis of pretreated sorghum stover and liberated 0.413gg(-1) of total reducing sugars which was higher than previously reported sugar yields obtained using fungal enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saikumar R Budihal
- A-DBT Research Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Gulbarga University, Kalaburagi 585106, India
| | - Dayanand Agsar
- A-DBT Research Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Gulbarga University, Kalaburagi 585106, India.
| | - Sarvamangala R Patil
- Department of Biotechnology, Vishweshwariah College of Applied Sciences, Kalaburagi 585103, India
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24
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Wang D, Zhu Z, Wang X, Bustamante M, Xu Y, Liu Y, Liao W. Improving mycelium-bound lipase production by aggregating Rhizopus chinensis on a draft tube in a modified stirred tank fermentor. Process Biochem 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2015.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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25
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Li S, Tang B, Xu Z, Chen T, Liu L. Fermentation Optimization and Unstructured Kinetic Model for Cellulase Production by Rhizopus stolonifer var. reflexus TP-02 on Agriculture By-Products. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2015; 177:1589-606. [PMID: 26400494 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-015-1839-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2015] [Accepted: 09/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Agricultural by-products, rice straw, wheat bran juice, and soybean residue, were used as substrates for cellulase production using Rhizopus stolonifer var. reflexus TP-02. The culture medium was optimized though uniform design experimentation during shaking flask fermentation, and the ideal formulation obtained for filter paper enzyme (FPase) production was 10 % bran diffusion juice, 1 % rice straw, 0.17 % urea, 0.17 % soybean residue, 0.11 % KH2PO4, and 0.027 % Tween 80, and the maximal FPase activity in the culture supernatant was 13.16 U/mL at an incubation time of 3 days. A kinetic model for cellulase production in batch fermentation was subsequently developed. The unstructured kinetic model considered three responses, namely biomass, cellulase, and sugar. Models for the production of three types of cellulase components (i.e., endoglucanases, cellobiohydrolases, and β-glucosidases) were established to adequately describe the cellulase production pattern. It was found that the models fitted the experimental data well under pH 5.0 and 6.0, but only the avicelase production model predicted the experimental data under pH-uncontrolled conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Li
- Microorganism Fermentation Engineering and Technology Research Center of Anhui Province, Anhui Polytechnic University, Central Beijing Road, Wuhu, 241000, China.,School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Central Beijing Road, Wuhu, 241000, China
| | - Bin Tang
- Microorganism Fermentation Engineering and Technology Research Center of Anhui Province, Anhui Polytechnic University, Central Beijing Road, Wuhu, 241000, China. .,School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Central Beijing Road, Wuhu, 241000, China.
| | - Zhongyuan Xu
- Microorganism Fermentation Engineering and Technology Research Center of Anhui Province, Anhui Polytechnic University, Central Beijing Road, Wuhu, 241000, China.,School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Central Beijing Road, Wuhu, 241000, China
| | - Tao Chen
- Microorganism Fermentation Engineering and Technology Research Center of Anhui Province, Anhui Polytechnic University, Central Beijing Road, Wuhu, 241000, China.,School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Central Beijing Road, Wuhu, 241000, China
| | - Long Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, 214122, China
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26
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Hansen GH, Lübeck M, Frisvad JC, Lübeck PS, Andersen B. Production of cellulolytic enzymes from ascomycetes: Comparison of solid state and submerged fermentation. Process Biochem 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2015.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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27
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Enzymatic Saccharification of Lignocellulosic Residues by Cellulases Obtained from Solid State Fermentation Using Trichoderma viride. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:342716. [PMID: 26137476 PMCID: PMC4468286 DOI: 10.1155/2015/342716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2014] [Revised: 02/26/2015] [Accepted: 03/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to verify the viability of lignocellulosic substrates to obtain renewable energy source, through characterization of the cellulolytic complex, which was obtained by solid state fermentation using Trichoderma viride. Enzymatic activity of the cellulosic complex was measured during saccharification of substrates filter paper, eucalyptus sawdust, and corncob, and compared with the activity of commercial cellulase. The characterization of the enzymes was performed by a 22 Full Factorial Design, where the pH and temperature were the variables of study. Enzymatic saccharification of different substrates appearedviable until 12 to be viable until 12 h; after this period the activity decreased for both enzymatic forms (cellulolytic complex and commercial cellulase). The enzymatic activity of the commercial cellulase was favored with the use of corncob as substrate, while the cellulolytic complex does not show any difference in its specificity by the substrates studied. The largest activities of both enzymes were obtained in the temperature and pH range between 40°C and 50°C and 4.8 and 5.2, respectively. The cellulolytic complex obtained appeared to be viable for the saccharification of lignocellulosic residues compared with the commercial cellulase.
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Zune Q, Delepierre A, Gofflot S, Bauwens J, Twizere JC, Punt PJ, Francis F, Toye D, Bawin T, Delvigne F. A fungal biofilm reactor based on metal structured packing improves the quality of a Gla::GFP fusion protein produced by Aspergillus oryzae. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2015; 99:6241-54. [PMID: 25935344 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-015-6608-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2015] [Revised: 04/02/2015] [Accepted: 04/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Fungal biofilm is known to promote the excretion of secondary metabolites in accordance with solid-state-related physiological mechanisms. This work is based on the comparative analysis of classical submerged fermentation with a fungal biofilm reactor for the production of a Gla::green fluorescent protein (GFP) fusion protein by Aspergillus oryzae. The biofilm reactor comprises a metal structured packing allowing the attachment of the fungal biomass. Since the production of the target protein is under the control of the promoter glaB, specifically induced in solid-state fermentation, the biofilm mode of culture is expected to enhance the global productivity. Although production of the target protein was enhanced by using the biofilm mode of culture, we also found that fusion protein production is also significant when the submerged mode of culture is used. This result is related to high shear stress leading to biomass autolysis and leakage of intracellular fusion protein into the extracellular medium. Moreover, 2-D gel electrophoresis highlights the preservation of fusion protein integrity produced in biofilm conditions. Two fungal biofilm reactor designs were then investigated further, i.e. with full immersion of the packing or with medium recirculation on the packing, and the scale-up potentialities were evaluated. In this context, it has been shown that full immersion of the metal packing in the liquid medium during cultivation allows for a uniform colonization of the packing by the fungal biomass and leads to a better quality of the fusion protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Zune
- Microbial Processes and Interactions (MiPI), Gembloux ABT (ULg), 2 Passage des Déportés, 5030, Gembloux, Belgium,
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29
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Zhao N, Ren H, Li Z, Zhao T, Shi X, Cheng H, Zhuang W, Chen Y, Ying H. Enhancement of nuclease P1 production by Penicillium citrinum YL104 immobilized on activated carbon filter sponge. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2014; 99:1145-53. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-014-6163-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2014] [Revised: 10/10/2014] [Accepted: 10/16/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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30
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Abraham RE, Verma ML, Barrow CJ, Puri M. Suitability of magnetic nanoparticle immobilised cellulases in enhancing enzymatic saccharification of pretreated hemp biomass. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2014; 7:90. [PMID: 24976864 PMCID: PMC4061456 DOI: 10.1186/1754-6834-7-90] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2013] [Accepted: 05/21/2014] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous research focused on pretreatment of biomass, production of fermentable sugars and their consumption to produce ethanol. The main goal of the work was to economise the production process cost of fermentable sugars. Therefore, the objective of the present work was to investigate enzyme hydrolysis of microcrystalline cellulose and hemp hurds (natural cellulosic substrate) using free and immobilised enzymes. Cellulase from Trichoderma reesei was immobilised on an activated magnetic support by covalent binding and its activity was compared with that of the free enzyme to hydrolyse microcrystalline cellulose and hemp hurds on the basis of thermostability and reusability. RESULTS Up to 94% protein binding was achieved during immobilisation of cellulase on nanoparticles. Successful binding was confirmed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The free and immobilised enzymes exhibited identical pH optima (pH 4.0) and differing temperature optima at 50°C and 60°C, respectively. The K M values obtained for the free and immobilised enzymes were 0.87 mg/mL and 2.6 mg/mL respectively. The immobilised enzyme retained 50% enzyme activity up to five cycles, with thermostability at 80°C superior to that of the free enzyme. Optimum hydrolysis of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) with free and immobilised enzymes was 88% and 81%, respectively. With pretreated hemp hurd biomass (HHB), the free and immobilised enzymes resulted in maximum hydrolysis in 48 h of 89% and 93%, respectively. CONCLUSION The current work demonstrated the advantages delivered by immobilised enzymes by minimising the consumption of cellulase during substrate hydrolysis and making the production process of fermentable sugars economical and feasible. The activity of cellulase improved as a result of the immobilisation, which provided a better stability at higher temperatures. The immobilised enzyme provided an advantage over the free enzyme through the reusability and longer storage stability properties that were gained as a result of the immobilisation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reinu E Abraham
- Centre for Chemistry and Biotechnology (CCB), Geelong Technology Precinct, Waurn Ponds, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3217, Australia
| | - Madan L Verma
- Centre for Chemistry and Biotechnology (CCB), Geelong Technology Precinct, Waurn Ponds, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3217, Australia
| | - Colin J Barrow
- Centre for Chemistry and Biotechnology (CCB), Geelong Technology Precinct, Waurn Ponds, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3217, Australia
| | - Munish Puri
- Centre for Chemistry and Biotechnology (CCB), Geelong Technology Precinct, Waurn Ponds, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3217, Australia
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31
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Pirota RDPB, Baleeiro FCF, Farinas CS. Saccharification of biomass using whole solid-state fermentation medium to avoid additional separation steps. Biotechnol Prog 2013; 29:1430-40. [DOI: 10.1002/btpr.1811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2013] [Revised: 09/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rosangela D. P. B. Pirota
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Biotecnologia; Universidade Federal de São Carlos; 13565-905 São Carlos SP Brazil
- Embrapa Instrumentação, Rua XV de Novembro 1452; 13560-970 São Carlos SP Brazil
| | - Flávio C. F. Baleeiro
- Departamento de Engenharia Química; Universidade Federal de São Carlos; 13565-905 São Carlos SP Brazil
- Embrapa Instrumentação, Rua XV de Novembro 1452; 13560-970 São Carlos SP Brazil
| | - Cristiane S. Farinas
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Biotecnologia; Universidade Federal de São Carlos; 13565-905 São Carlos SP Brazil
- Embrapa Instrumentação, Rua XV de Novembro 1452; 13560-970 São Carlos SP Brazil
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