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Liu Z, Hao N, Hou Y, Wang Q, Liu Q, Yan S, Chen F, Zhao L. Technologies for harvesting the microalgae for industrial applications: Current trends and perspectives. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 387:129631. [PMID: 37544545 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Microalgae are emerging as a promising source for augmenting the supply of essential products to meet global demands in an environmentally sustainable manner. Despite the potential benefits of microalgae in industry, the high energy consumption for harvesting remains a significant obstacle. This review offers a comprehensive overview of microalgae harvesting technologies and their industrial applications, with particular emphasis on the latest advances in flocculation techniques. These cutting-edge methods have been applied to biodiesel production, food and nutraceutical processing, and wastewater treatment. Large-scale harvesting is still severely impeded by the high cost despite progress has been made in laboratory studies. In the future, cost-effective microalgal harvesting will rely on efficient resource utilization, including the use of waste materials and the reuse of media and flocculants. Additionally, precise regulation of biological metabolism will be necessary to overcome algal species-related limitations through the development of extracellular polymeric substance-induced flocculation technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Biology for Low-carbon Manufacturing, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, China; National Center of Technology Innovation for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin, China
| | - Nahui Hao
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Biology for Low-carbon Manufacturing, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, China; National Center of Technology Innovation for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin, China; College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuyong Hou
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Biology for Low-carbon Manufacturing, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, China; National Center of Technology Innovation for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin, China
| | - Qing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Biology for Low-carbon Manufacturing, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, China; National Center of Technology Innovation for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin, China
| | - Qingling Liu
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Biology for Low-carbon Manufacturing, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, China; National Center of Technology Innovation for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin, China; College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Suihao Yan
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Biology for Low-carbon Manufacturing, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, China; National Center of Technology Innovation for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin, China; College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Fangjian Chen
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Biology for Low-carbon Manufacturing, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, China; National Center of Technology Innovation for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Biology for Low-carbon Manufacturing, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, China; National Center of Technology Innovation for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin, China.
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Han SF, Jin W, Tu R, Gao SH, Zhou X. Microalgae harvesting by magnetic flocculation for biodiesel production: current status and potential. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 36:105. [PMID: 32632607 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-020-02884-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
With the increasing demand for energy, microalgae, as one of the promising feedstocks of biodiesel, has raised great awareness. Because of its small size, similar density to water and electrical stability, harvesting methods of microalgae that have low energy consumption and that are highly efficient, easy to large-scale and environmentally friendly have become a bottleneck restricting development of the whole process. Among the numerous possible harvesting methods, magnetic flocculation has the advantages of simple operation, fast separation and energy saving and thus is considered as a promising novel harvesting method. In this review, we have summarized the updated status and application potential of magnetic flocculation, including the principle of magnetic flocculation, magnetic flocculating materials, flocculating efficiency and its effect on downstream process. The major challenges such as magnetic materials recovery, large-scale magnetic flocculation device design, and magnetic flocculation costs are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song-Fang Han
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou, 466001, China
| | - Wenbiao Jin
- Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of Microalgal Bioenergy, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Renjie Tu
- Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of Microalgal Bioenergy, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Shu-Hong Gao
- Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of Microalgal Bioenergy, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Department of Microbiology and Plant Biology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, 73019, USA
| | - Xu Zhou
- Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of Microalgal Bioenergy, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518055, China.
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Liu Y, Jin W, Zhou X, Han SF, Tu R, Feng X, Jensen PD, Wang Q. Efficient harvesting of Chlorella pyrenoidosa and Scenedesmus obliquus cultivated in urban sewage by magnetic flocculation using nano-Fe 3O 4 coated with polyethyleneimine. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 290:121771. [PMID: 31302468 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.121771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Revised: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this work, a novel flocculation process by using nano-Fe3O4 coated with polyethyleneimine (Fe3O4@PEI) as magnetic seeds was developed to harvest the microalgae cultivated in urban sewage. Experiment results indicated that the harvest efficiency of Chlorella pyrenoidosa (0.5 g/L) was 98.92 ± 0.41% under the optimal conditions of Fe3O4@PEI dose of 20 mL/L, flocculation time of 20 min, and stirring speed of 800 rpm (3 min), while that of Scenedesmus obliquus (0.4 g/L) was 98.45 ± 0.35% under a Fe3O4@PEI dose of 16 mL/L, flocculation time of 15 min, and stirring speed of 730 rpm (3 min). Moreover, the process did not reduce the lipid content of microalgae and quality of biodiesel. After microalgae harvest, Fe3O4@PEI could be recovered by ultrasonication, re-wrapped with polyethyleneimine and reused to reduce operational cost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxi Liu
- Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of Microalgal Bioenergy, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), 518055 Shenzhen, China
| | - Wenbiao Jin
- Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of Microalgal Bioenergy, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), 518055 Shenzhen, China
| | - Xu Zhou
- Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of Microalgal Bioenergy, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), 518055 Shenzhen, China.
| | - Song-Fang Han
- Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of Microalgal Bioenergy, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), 518055 Shenzhen, China
| | - Renjie Tu
- Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of Microalgal Bioenergy, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), 518055 Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaochi Feng
- Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of Microalgal Bioenergy, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), 518055 Shenzhen, China
| | - Paul D Jensen
- Advanced Water Management Centre, The University of Queensland, St Lucia 4072, Australia
| | - Qilin Wang
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
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You Y, Sun X, Yang W, Dai L, He L, Wang H, Zhang J, Xiang W. A high-performance and low-cost strategy to harvest saltwater Chlorella vulgaris using cationic polyacrylamide coupled with bentonite. ALGAL RES 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2019.101579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Lei X, Zheng W, Ding H, Zhu X, Chen Q, Xu H, Zheng T, Tian Y. Effective harvesting of the marine microalga Thalassiosira pseudonana by Marinobacter sp. FL06. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 269:127-133. [PMID: 30165270 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.08.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Revised: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 08/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In this study, Marinobacter sp. FL06 was used to effectively harvest the energy-producing microalga Thalassiosira pseudonana through direct flocculation. Strain FL06 showed 92.7% flocculating efficiency against T. pseudonana, and no metal ion was added for the flocculation process, resulting in a more environmentally friendly process. The flocculation efficiency of FL06 was stable over a wide range of pH values and temperatures, indicating that the application of this bacteria has potential advantages under various conditions. Strain FL06 also exhibited flocculation activity against different microalgae, indicating that the strain can be used to harvest multiple types of microalgae. Strain FL06 showed high chemotactic ability toward algal cells, suggesting that chemotaxis is important for flocculation. This study provides the first demonstration that the Marinobacter genus could be used to harvest T. pseudonana biomass. In summary, the results showed that FL06 has the potential for effective harvesting of microalgal biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueqian Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Wei Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Hongyan Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Xiaoying Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Qiuliang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Hong Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Tianling Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yun Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
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Fuad N, Omar R, Kamarudin S, Harun R, Idris A, W.A.K.G. WA. Mass harvesting of marine microalgae using different techniques. FOOD AND BIOPRODUCTS PROCESSING 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbp.2018.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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