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Topalian J, Navas L, Ontañon O, Valacco MP, Noseda DG, Blasco M, Peña MJ, Urbanowicz BR, Campos E. Production of a bacterial secretome highly efficient for the deconstruction of xylans. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 40:266. [PMID: 38997527 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-024-04075-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
Bacteria within the Paenibacillus genus are known to secrete a diverse array of enzymes capable of breaking down plant cell wall polysaccharides. We studied the extracellular xylanolytic activity of Paenibacillus xylanivorans and examined the complete range of secreted proteins when grown on carbohydrate-based carbon sources of increasing complexity, including wheat bran, sugar cane straw, beechwood xylan and sucrose, as control. Our data showed that the relative abundances of secreted proteins varied depending on the carbon source used. Extracellular enzymatic extracts from wheat bran (WB) or sugar cane straw (SCR) cultures had the highest xylanolytic activity, coincidently with the largest representation of carbohydrate active enzymes (CAZymes). Scaling-up to a benchtop bioreactor using WB resulted in a significant enhancement in productivity and in the overall volumetric extracellular xylanase activity, that was further concentrated by freeze-drying. The enzymatic extract was efficient in the deconstruction of xylans from different sources as well as sugar cane straw pretreated by alkali extrusion (SCRe), resulting in xylobiose and xylose, as primary products. The overall yield of xylose released from SCRe was improved by supplementing the enzymatic extract with a recombinant GH43 β-xylosidase (EcXyl43) and a GH62 α-L-arabinofuranosidase (CsAbf62A), two activities that were under-represented. Overall, we showed that the extracellular enzymatic extract from P. xylanivorans, supplemented with specific enzymatic activities, is an effective approach for targeting xylan within lignocellulosic biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Topalian
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular (IABIMO), Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), De los Reseros y N. Repetto s/n, Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, B1686IGC, Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Química Biológica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Laura Navas
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular (IABIMO), Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), De los Reseros y N. Repetto s/n, Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, B1686IGC, Argentina
| | - Ornella Ontañon
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular (IABIMO), Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), De los Reseros y N. Repetto s/n, Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, B1686IGC, Argentina
| | - Maria Pia Valacco
- Centro de Estudios Químicos y Biológicos por Espectrometría de Masa (CEQUIBIEM-FCEN), Departamento de Química Biológica Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA-IQUIBICEN), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Diego Gabriel Noseda
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas (IIBio), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad Nacional de San Martín, San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Martín Blasco
- Departamento de Bioprocesos, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Industrial (INTI), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Maria Jesus Peña
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, 315 Riverbend Road, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Breeanna R Urbanowicz
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, 315 Riverbend Road, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Eleonora Campos
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular (IABIMO), Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), De los Reseros y N. Repetto s/n, Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, B1686IGC, Argentina.
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2
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Makepa DC, Chihobo CH. Barriers to commercial deployment of biorefineries: A multi-faceted review of obstacles across the innovation chain. Heliyon 2024; 10:e32649. [PMID: 39183827 PMCID: PMC11341323 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e32649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Realizing integrated biorefineries producing multiple fuels, chemicals and materials from sustainable biomass feedstocks holds promise for transitioning industries onto low-carbon trajectories. However, widespread commercial implementation remains elusive despite two decades of technological advancements. This review synthesizes current literature to provide a comprehensive analysis of key multi-dimensional barriers inhibiting the scale-up of biorefineries. The review discusses the technical challenges around biomass conversion processes. Economic viability concerns such as high capital costs and lack of market competitiveness are also assessed. The review also evaluates the regulatory and policy complexities that poses risks and uncertainties in the scaling up of biorefineries. Socio-political acceptance hurdles including community engagement and public perception are also reviewed. The interconnected nature of these challenges is emphasized and strategies are recommended to enable full potential realization, covering areas such as enhanced stakeholder collaboration, advanced process intensification, supportive policy frameworks, innovative financing models and strategic marketing initiatives. International pilots and cross-sectoral knowledge exchange are highlighted as priority enablers. In conclusion, this review synthesizes insights from extensive demonstration efforts to identify priorities and pathways for accelerating the global commercial transition towards sustainable biorefinery implementation. It aims to inform strategic decision-making and collaborative actions amongst stakeholders in research, industry and policy domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denzel Christopher Makepa
- Department of Fuels and Energy Engineering, Chinhoyi University of Technology, Private Bag, 7724, Chinhoyi, Zimbabwe
| | - Chido Hermes Chihobo
- Department of Fuels and Energy Engineering, Chinhoyi University of Technology, Private Bag, 7724, Chinhoyi, Zimbabwe
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Waldschitz D, Bus Y, Herwig C, Kager J, Spadiut O. Addressing raw material variability: In-line FTIR sugar composition analysis of lignocellulosic process streams. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 399:130535. [PMID: 38492653 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.130535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
For a sustainable economy, biorefineries that use second-generation feedstocks to produce biochemicals and biofuels are essential. However, the exact composition of renewable feedstocks depends on the natural raw materials used and is therefore highly variable. In this contribution, a process analytical technique (PAT) strategy for determining the sugar composition of lignocellulosic process streams in real-time to enable better control of bioprocesses is presented. An in-line mid-IR probe was used to acquire spectra of ultra-filtered spent sulfite liquor (UF-SSL). Independent partial least squares models were developed for the most abundant sugars in the UF-SSL. Up to 5 sugars were quantified simultaneously to determine the sugar concentration and composition of the UF-SSL. The lowest root mean square errors of the predicted values obtained per analyte were 1.02 g/L arabinose, 1.25 g/L galactose, 0.50 g/L glucose, 1.60 g/L mannose, and 0.85 g/L xylose. Equipped with this novel PAT tool, new bioprocessing strategies can be developed for UF-SSL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Waldschitz
- Research Group Bioprocess Technology, Institute of Chemical, Environmental and Bioscience Engineering, TU Wien, Gumpendorferstraße 1A, Vienna A-1060, Austria
| | - Yannick Bus
- Research Group Bioprocess Technology, Institute of Chemical, Environmental and Bioscience Engineering, TU Wien, Gumpendorferstraße 1A, Vienna A-1060, Austria
| | - Christoph Herwig
- Research Group Bioprocess Technology, Institute of Chemical, Environmental and Bioscience Engineering, TU Wien, Gumpendorferstraße 1A, Vienna A-1060, Austria; Körber Pharma Austria GmbH, Mariahilferstraße 88A, Vienna A-1070, Austria
| | - Julian Kager
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Søltofts Plads 229, Kgs. Lyngby 2800, Denmark
| | - Oliver Spadiut
- Research Group Bioprocess Technology, Institute of Chemical, Environmental and Bioscience Engineering, TU Wien, Gumpendorferstraße 1A, Vienna A-1060, Austria.
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Das S, Chandukishore T, Ulaganathan N, Dhodduraj K, Gorantla SS, Chandna T, Gupta LK, Sahoo A, Atheena PV, Raval R, Anjana PA, DasuVeeranki V, Prabhu AA. Sustainable biorefinery approach by utilizing xylose fraction of lignocellulosic biomass. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 266:131290. [PMID: 38569993 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Lignocellulosic biomass (LCB) has been a lucrative feedstock for developing biochemical products due to its rich organic content, low carbon footprint and abundant accessibility. The recalcitrant nature of this feedstock is a foremost bottleneck. It needs suitable pretreatment techniques to achieve a high yield of sugar fractions such as glucose and xylose with low inhibitory components. Cellulosic sugars are commonly used for the bio-manufacturing process, and the xylose sugar, which is predominant in the hemicellulosic fraction, is rejected as most cell factories lack the five‑carbon metabolic pathways. In the present review, more emphasis was placed on the efficient pretreatment techniques developed for disintegrating LCB and enhancing xylose sugars. Further, the transformation of the xylose to value-added products through chemo-catalytic routes was highlighted. In addition, the review also recapitulates the sustainable production of biochemicals by native xylose assimilating microbes and engineering the metabolic pathway to ameliorate biomanufacturing using xylose as the sole carbon source. Overall, this review will give an edge on the bioprocessing of microbial metabolism for the efficient utilization of xylose in the LCB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satwika Das
- Bioprocess Development Research Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology Warangal, Warangal 506004, Telangana, India
| | - T Chandukishore
- Bioprocess Development Research Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology Warangal, Warangal 506004, Telangana, India
| | - Nivedhitha Ulaganathan
- Bioprocess Development Research Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology Warangal, Warangal 506004, Telangana, India
| | - Kawinharsun Dhodduraj
- Bioprocess Development Research Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology Warangal, Warangal 506004, Telangana, India
| | - Sai Susmita Gorantla
- Bioprocess Development Research Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology Warangal, Warangal 506004, Telangana, India
| | - Teena Chandna
- Bioprocess Development Research Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology Warangal, Warangal 506004, Telangana, India
| | - Laxmi Kumari Gupta
- Bioprocess Development Research Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology Warangal, Warangal 506004, Telangana, India
| | - Ansuman Sahoo
- Biochemical Engineering Laboratory, Department of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India
| | - P V Atheena
- Department of Biotechnology, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Ritu Raval
- Department of Biotechnology, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - P A Anjana
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Warangal, Warangal 506004, Telangana, India
| | - Venkata DasuVeeranki
- Biochemical Engineering Laboratory, Department of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India
| | - Ashish A Prabhu
- Bioprocess Development Research Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology Warangal, Warangal 506004, Telangana, India.
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Khounani Z, Abdul Razak NN, Hosseinzadeh-Bandbafha H, Madadi M, Sun F, Mohammadi P, Mahlia TMI, Aghbashlo M, Tabatabaei M. Biphasic pretreatment excels over conventional sulfuric acid in pinewood biorefinery: An environmental analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 248:118286. [PMID: 38280524 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 01/29/2024]
Abstract
This study assesses the environmental impact of pine chip-based biorefinery processes, focusing on bioethanol, xylonic acid, and lignin production. A cradle-to-gate Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is employed, comparing a novel biphasic pretreatment method (p-toluenesulfonic acid (TsOH)/pentanol, Sc-1) with conventional sulfuric acid pretreatment (H2SO4, Sc-2). The analysis spans biomass handling, pretreatment, enzymatic hydrolysis, yeast fermentation, and distillation. Sc-1 yielded an environmental impact of 1.45E+01 kPt, predominantly affecting human health (96.55%), followed by ecosystems (3.07%) and resources (0.38%). Bioethanol, xylonic acid, and lignin contributed 32.61%, 29.28%, and 38.11% to the total environmental burdens, respectively. Sc-2 resulted in an environmental burden of 1.64E+01 kPt, with a primary impact on human health (96.56%) and smaller roles for ecosystems (3.07%) and resources (0.38%). Bioethanol, xylonic acid, and lignin contributed differently at 22.59%, 12.5%, and 64.91%, respectively. Electricity generation was predominant in both scenarios, accounting for 99.05% of the environmental impact, primarily driven by its extensive usage in biomass handling and pretreatment processes. Sc-1 demonstrated a 13.05% lower environmental impact than Sc-2 due to decreased electricity consumption and increased bioethanol and xylonic acid outputs. This study highlights the pivotal role of pretreatment methods in wood-based biorefineries and underscores the urgency of sustainable alternatives like TsOH/pentanol. Additionally, adopting greener electricity generation, advanced technologies, and process optimization are crucial for reducing the environmental footprint of waste-based biorefineries while preserving valuable bioproduct production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Khounani
- Department Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering (CoE), Institute of Energy Infrastructure (IEI), Universiti Tenega Nasional (UNITEN), Jalan IKRAM-UNITEN, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Normy Norfiza Abdul Razak
- Department Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering (CoE), Institute of Energy Infrastructure (IEI), Universiti Tenega Nasional (UNITEN), Jalan IKRAM-UNITEN, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | | | - Meysam Madadi
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Fubao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Pouya Mohammadi
- Higher Institution Centre of Excellence (HICoE), Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries (AKUATROP), Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - T M Indra Mahlia
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, University of Technology Sydney, NSW, 2220, Australia
| | - Mortaza Aghbashlo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering of Agricultural Machinery, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran.
| | - Meisam Tabatabaei
- Higher Institution Centre of Excellence (HICoE), Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries (AKUATROP), Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia; Department of Biomaterials, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, 600 077, India.
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6
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Chen X, Zhang X, Zhao X, Zhang P, Long L, Ding S. A novel cellulolytic/xylanolytic SbAA14 from Sordaria brevicollis with a branched chain preference and its synergistic effects with glycoside hydrolases on lignocellulose. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 260:129504. [PMID: 38228212 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
In this study, the novel auxiliary activity (AA) family 14 lytic polysaccharide monooxygenase (LPMO) SbAA14 from Sordaria brevicollis was successfully characterized. It was active against heteroxylan, xyloglucan and cellulose in β-cellulose and released native oligosaccharides and corresponding C1- and/or C4-oxidized products. SbAA14 showed a branched chain preference, because partial removal of arabinosyl substituents from heteroxylan led to a decrease in activity. SbAA14 had synergistic effects with the debranching enzyme EpABF62C in an enzyme- and ascorbic acid-dependent manner. SbAA14 had synergistic effects with the GH10 endoxylanase EpXYN1, and the degree of synergy was greater with step-by-step addition than with simultaneous addition. SbAA14 could also synergize with Celluclast® 1.5 L on NaOH-pretreated wheat straw and on NaOH-pretreated and hydrogen peroxide-acetic acid (HPAC)-H2SO4-pretreated bamboo substrates. The greatest synergistic effect between SbAA14 and Celluclast® 1.5 L was observed for HPAC-H2SO4-200 mM pretreated bamboo, in which the degree of synergy reached approximately 1.61. The distinctive substrate preference of SbAA14 indicated that it is a novel AA14 LPMO that may act mainly on heteroxylan with numerous arabinosyl substituents between cellulose fibers rather than on recalcitrant xylan tightly associated with cellulose. These findings broaden the understanding of enigmatic AA14 LPMOs and provide new insights into the substrate specificities and biological functionalities of AA14 LPMOs in fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueer Chen
- The Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Jiangsu Key Lab for the Chemistry & Utilization of Agricultural and Forest Biomass, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xi Zhang
- The Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Jiangsu Key Lab for the Chemistry & Utilization of Agricultural and Forest Biomass, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xu Zhao
- The Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Jiangsu Key Lab for the Chemistry & Utilization of Agricultural and Forest Biomass, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, Jiangsu, China
| | - Peiyu Zhang
- The Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Jiangsu Key Lab for the Chemistry & Utilization of Agricultural and Forest Biomass, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, Jiangsu, China
| | - Liangkun Long
- The Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Jiangsu Key Lab for the Chemistry & Utilization of Agricultural and Forest Biomass, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shaojun Ding
- The Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Jiangsu Key Lab for the Chemistry & Utilization of Agricultural and Forest Biomass, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, Jiangsu, China.
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Tang Z, Yang D, Tang W, Ma C, He YC. Combined sulfuric acid and choline chloride/glycerol pretreatment for efficiently enhancing enzymatic saccharification of reed stalk. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 387:129554. [PMID: 37499922 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
In this study, an efficient combination of pretreatment solvents involving Choline chloride/Glycerol (ChCl/Gly) and H2SO4 was firstly developed to assess the pretreatment performance and determine optimal pretreatment conditions. The results illustrated that the H2SO4-[ChCl/Gly] combination efficiently removed lignin (52.6%) and xylan (80.5%) from the pretreated reed stalk, and subsequent enzymatic hydrolysis yielded 91.1% of glucose. Furthermore, several characterizations were conducted to examine the structural and morphological changes of the reed stalk, revealing apparently enhanced accessibility (128.4 to 522.6 mg/g), reduced lignin surface area (357.9 to 229.5 m2/g), and substantial changes on biomass surface. Based on the aforementioned study, possible mechanisms for the H2SO4-[ChCl/Gly] pretreatment of reed stalks were proposed. The comprehensive understanding of combined H2SO4-[ChCl/Gly] pretreatment system for enhancing the saccharification of the reed stalk was interpreted in this work. Overall, this novel approach could be efficiently applied to pretreat and saccharify reed stalks, empowering the biomass refining industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengyu Tang
- School of Pharmacy & School of Biological and Food Engineering, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomass Refining and High-Quality Utilization, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, PR China
| | - Dong Yang
- School of Pharmacy & School of Biological and Food Engineering, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomass Refining and High-Quality Utilization, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, PR China
| | - Wei Tang
- School of Pharmacy & School of Biological and Food Engineering, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomass Refining and High-Quality Utilization, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, PR China
| | - Cuiluan Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Lifes, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, PR China
| | - Yu-Cai He
- School of Pharmacy & School of Biological and Food Engineering, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomass Refining and High-Quality Utilization, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Lifes, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, PR China.
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8
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Manna B, Chanda P, Datta S, Ghosh A. Elucidating the Ionic Liquid-Induced Mixed Inhibition of GH1 β-Glucosidase H0HC94. J Phys Chem B 2023; 127:8406-8416. [PMID: 37751511 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.3c02125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Deciphering the ionic liquid (IL) tolerance of glycoside hydrolases (GHs) to improve their hydrolysis efficiency for fermentable sugar synthesis in the "one-pot" process has long been a hurdle for researchers. In this work, we employed experimental and theoretical approaches to investigate the 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([C2C1im][MeCO2])-induced inhibition of GH1 β-glucosidase (H0HC94) from Agrobacterium tumefaciens 5A. At 10-15% [C2C1im][MeCO2] concentration, H0HC94 experiences competitive inhibition (R2 = 0.97, alpha = 2.8). As the IL content increased to 20-25%, the inhibition pattern shifted to mixed-type inhibition (R2 = 0.98, alpha = 3.4). These findings were further confirmed through characteristic inhibition plots using Lineweaver-Burk plots. Atomistic molecular dynamics simulations conducted with 0% [C2C1im][MeCO2], 10% [C2C1im][MeCO2], and 25% [C2C1im][MeCO2] revealed the accumulation of [C2C1im]+ at the negatively charged active site of H0HC94 in 10% [C2C1im][MeCO2], supporting the occurrence of competitive inhibition at lower IL concentrations. At higher IL concentrations, the cations and anions bound to the secondary binding sites (SBSs) of H0HC94, leading to a tertiary conformational change, as captured by the principal component analysis based on the free-energy landscape and protein structure networks. The altered conformation of H0HC94 affected the interaction with [C2C1im][MeCO2], which could possibly shift the inhibition from competitive to more mixed-type (competitive + noncompetitive) inhibition, as observed in the experiments. For the first time, we report a combined experimental and theoretical insight behind the mixed inhibition of a GH1 β-glucosidase. Our findings indicated the role of SBS in IL-induced inhibition, which could aid in developing more IL-tolerant β-glucosidases for biorefinery applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bharat Manna
- Protein Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, West Bengal741246, India
| | - Pinaki Chanda
- Protein Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, West Bengal741246, India
| | - Supratim Datta
- Protein Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, West Bengal741246, India
- Center for the Advanced Functional Materials, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, West Bengal 741246, India
- Center for the Climate and Environmental Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, West Bengal 741246, India
| | - Amit Ghosh
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302, India
- P.K. Sinha Centre for Bioenergy and Renewables, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302, India
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9
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Llamas M, Greses S, Magdalena JA, González-Fernández C, Tomás-Pejó E. Microbial co-cultures for biochemicals production from lignocellulosic biomass: A review. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 386:129499. [PMID: 37460020 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023]
Abstract
Global reliance on fossil oil should shift to cleaner alternatives to get a decarbonized society. One option to achieve this ambitious goal is the use of biochemicals produced from lignocellulosic biomass (LCB). The inherent low biodegradability of LCB and the inhibitory compounds that might be released during pretreatment are two main challenges for LCB valorization. At microbiological level, constraints are mostly linked to the need for axenic cultures and the preference for certain carbon sources (i.e., glucose). To cope with these issues, this review focuses on efficient LCB conversion via the sugar platform as well as an innovative carboxylate platform taking advantage of the co-cultivation of microorganisms. This review discusses novel trends in the use of microbial communities and co-cultures aiming at different bioproducts co-generation in single reactors as well as in sequential bioprocess combination. The outlook and further perspectives of these alternatives have been outlined for future successful development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mercedes Llamas
- Biotechnological Processes Unit, IMDEA Energy, Madrid, Spain
| | - Silvia Greses
- Biotechnological Processes Unit, IMDEA Energy, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose Antonio Magdalena
- LBE, Univ Montpellier, INRAE, 102 avenue des Étangs, F-11100 Narbonne, France; Vicerrectorado de Investigación y Transferencia de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina González-Fernández
- Biotechnological Processes Unit, IMDEA Energy, Madrid, Spain; Department of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technology, School of Industrial Engineering, University of Valladolid, Dr. Mergelina, s/n, Valladolid 47011, Spain; Institute of Sustainable Processes, Dr. Mergelina, s/n, Valladolid 47011, Spain
| | - Elia Tomás-Pejó
- Biotechnological Processes Unit, IMDEA Energy, Madrid, Spain.
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10
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Ramzan H, Usman M, Nadeem F, Shahzaib M, Ur Rahman M, Singhania RR, Jabeen F, Patel AK, Qing C, Liu S, Piechota G, Tahir N. Depolymerization of lignin: Recent progress towards value-added chemicals and biohydrogen production. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 386:129492. [PMID: 37463615 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
The need for alternative sources of energy became increasingly urgent as demand for energy and the use of fossil fuels both soared. When processed into aromatic compounds, lignin can be utilized as an alternative to fossil fuels, however, lignin's complex structure and recalcitrance make depolymerization impractical. This article presented an overview of the most recent advances in lignin conversion, including process technology, catalyst advancement, and case study-based end products. In addition to the three established methods (thermochemical, biochemical, and catalytic depolymerization), a lignin-first strategy was presented. Depolymerizing different forms of lignin into smaller phenolic molecules has been suggested using homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts for oxidation or reduction. Limitations and future prospects of lignin depolymerization have been discussed which suggests that solar-driven catalytic depolymerization through photocatalysts including quantum dots offers a unique pathway to obtain the highly catalytic conversion of lignin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hina Ramzan
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomass Energy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Muhammad Usman
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomass Energy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Faiqa Nadeem
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomass Energy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Muhammad Shahzaib
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomass Energy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Muneeb Ur Rahman
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomass Energy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Reeta Rani Singhania
- Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan; Sustainable Environment Research Center, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung City 81157, Taiwan
| | - Farzana Jabeen
- Department of Computing, SEECS, National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Campus, Sector H-12, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Anil Kumar Patel
- Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan; Sustainable Environment Research Center, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung City 81157, Taiwan
| | - Chunyao Qing
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomass Energy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Shengyong Liu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomass Energy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | | | - Nadeem Tahir
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomass Energy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
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11
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Xue H, Qin R, Liu Y, Yuan L, Li G. An aggregated understanding of the influence of aqueous ammonia pretreatment on the physical deconstruction of cell walls in sugar beet pulp. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2023; 46:1427-1435. [PMID: 37490146 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-023-02908-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
The underlying interplay between physicochemical property and enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose still remains unclear. The impacts of matrix glycan composition of sugar beet pulp (SBP) on physical structure and saccharification efficiency were emphasized. The results showed that aqueous ammonia (AA) pretreatment could remove the non-cellulosic polysaccharides and destroy the linkage between the pectin and lignin. The cellulose supramolecule was changed significantly after AA pretreatment, in terms of the decline in hardness, gumminess, springiness, thickness and degree of polymerization. Furthermore, vascular cell was exposed and degraded. The highest reducing sugar yield of 355.06 mg/g was obtained from the pretreated SBP (80 °C) with enzyme loading of 30 U/g, which was 1.01 times higher than that of the untreated SBP. This research also supported the idea that recognizing and precisely removing the primary epitopes in cell walls might be an ideal strategy to accomplish the improved enzymatic hydrolysis through mild pretreatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiting Xue
- Inner Mongolia Engineering Technology Research Center of Germplasm Resources Conservation and Utilization, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010070, People's Republic of China
- College of Basic Medicine, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010070, People's Republic of China
| | - Renjie Qin
- Inner Mongolia Engineering Technology Research Center of Germplasm Resources Conservation and Utilization, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010070, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Liu
- Inner Mongolia Engineering Technology Research Center of Germplasm Resources Conservation and Utilization, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010070, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Yuan
- Inner Mongolia Engineering Technology Research Center of Germplasm Resources Conservation and Utilization, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010070, People's Republic of China
| | - Guanhua Li
- Inner Mongolia Engineering Technology Research Center of Germplasm Resources Conservation and Utilization, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010070, People's Republic of China.
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12
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Biggs BW, Tyo KEJ. Aromatic natural products synthesis from aromatic lignin monomers using Acinetobacter baylyi ADP1. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.08.24.554694. [PMID: 37662333 PMCID: PMC10473687 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.24.554694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Achieving sustainable chemical synthesis and a circular economy will require process innovation to minimize or recover existing waste streams. Valorization of lignin biomass has the ability to advance this goal. While lignin has proved a recalcitrant feedstock for upgrading, biological approaches can leverage native microbial metabolism to simplify complex and heterogeneous feedstocks to tractable starting points for biochemical upgrading. Recently, we demonstrated that one microbe with lignin relevant metabolism, Acinetobacter baylyi ADP1, is both highly engineerable and capable of undergoing rapid design-build-test-learn cycles, making it an ideal candidate for these applications. Here, we utilize these genetic traits and ADP1's native β-ketoadipate metabolism to convert mock alkali pretreated liquor lignin (APL) to two valuable natural products, vanillin-glucoside and resveratrol. En route, we create strains with up to 22 genetic modifications, including up to 8 heterologously expressed enzymes. Our approach takes advantage of preexisting aromatic species in APL (vanillate, ferulate, and p-coumarate) to create shortened biochemical routes to end products. Together, this work demonstrates ADP1's potential as a platform for upgrading lignin waste streams and highlights the potential for biosynthetic methods to maximize the existing chemical potential of lignin aromatic monomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bradley W. Biggs
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL USA
- Center for Synthetic Biology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Keith E. J. Tyo
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL USA
- Center for Synthetic Biology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
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13
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Hulkko LSS, Chaturvedi T, Custódio L, Thomsen MH. Harnessing the Value of Tripolium pannonicum and Crithmum maritimum Halophyte Biomass through Integrated Green Biorefinery. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:380. [PMID: 37504911 PMCID: PMC10381832 DOI: 10.3390/md21070380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Bioactive extracts are often the target fractions in bioprospecting, and halophyte plants could provide a potential source of feedstock for high-value applications as a part of integrated biorefineries. Tripolium pannonicum (Jacq.) Dobrocz. (sea aster) and Crithmum maritimum L. (sea fennel) are edible plants suggested for biosaline halophyte-based agriculture. After food production and harvesting of fresh leaves for food, the inedible plant fractions could be utilized to produce extracts rich in bioactive phytochemicals to maximize feedstock application and increase the economic feasibility of biomass processing to bioenergy. This study analyzed fresh juice and extracts from screw-pressed sea aster and sea fennel for their different phenolic compounds and pigment concentrations. Antioxidant and enzyme inhibition activities were also tested in vitro. Extracts from sea aster and sea fennel had phenolic contents up to 45.2 mgGAE/gDM and 64.7 mgGAE/gDM, respectively, and exhibited >70% antioxidant activity in several assays. Ethanol extracts also showed >70% inhibition activity against acetylcholinesterase and >50% inhibition of tyrosinase and α-glucosidase. Therefore, these species can be seen as potential feedstocks for further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tanmay Chaturvedi
- AAU Energy, Aalborg University, Niels Bohrs Vej 8, 6700 Esbjerg, Denmark
| | - Luísa Custódio
- Centre of Marine Sciences, University of Algarve, Campus of Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
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14
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Martín M, Taifouris M, Galán G. Lignocellulosic biorefineries: A multiscale approach for resource exploitation. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023:129397. [PMID: 37380036 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
Biomass can become the source for chemicals towards a sustainable production system. However, the challenges it presents such as the variety of species, their widespread and sparse availability, and the expensive transportation claims for an integrated approach to design the novel production system. Multiscale approaches have not been properly extended to biorefineryes design and deployment, due to the comprehensive experimental and modelling work they require. A systems perspective provides the systematic framework to analyze the availability and composition of raw materials across regions, how that affects process design, the portfolio of products that can be obtained by evaluating the strong link between the biomass features and the process design. The use of lignocellulosic materials requires for a multidisciplinary work, that must lead to new process engineers with technical competences in biology, biotechnology but also process engineering, mathematics, computer science and social sciences towards a sustainable process/chemical industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariano Martín
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química. Universidad de Salamanca. Pza. Caídos 1-5, 37008 Salamanca, Spain.
| | - Manuel Taifouris
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química. Universidad de Salamanca. Pza. Caídos 1-5, 37008 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Guillermo Galán
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química. Universidad de Salamanca. Pza. Caídos 1-5, 37008 Salamanca, Spain
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15
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Sun YQ, Yuan Y, Dai KX, Xiu ZL. The pretreatment of the sustainable biomass feedstock of Pennisetum giganteum for biorefinery using deep eutectic solvents. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023:129289. [PMID: 37290715 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this study, Pennisetum giganteum (PG) was investigated as lignocellulosic feedstock to be pretreated by the acidic and basic deep eutectic solvents (DESs) to generate monomeric sugars. The basic DESs showed excellent efficiency of delignification and saccharification. ChCl/MEA can remove 79.8 % lignin and reserve 89.5 % cellulose. As a result, 95.6 % glucose and 88.0 % xylose yield were obtained, significantly enhanced 9.4 and 15.5 times in contrast with those of the unpretreated PG. The 3D microstructures of raw and pretreated PG were constructed for the first time to better investigate the pretreatment effect on its structure. The increasing porosity (20.5 %) and the reducing CrI (42.2 %) contributed in enhancing enzymatic digestion. Moreover, the recyclability of DES indicated that at least 90 % DES was recovered and 59.5 % lignin still can removed with 79.8 % glucose were obtained after five recycling cycles. Meanwhile, 51.6 % lignin was recovered throughout the recycling process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Qin Sun
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Liaoning, China.
| | - Yuan Yuan
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Liaoning, China
| | - Ke-Xin Dai
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Liaoning, China
| | - Zhi-Long Xiu
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Liaoning, China
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16
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Abrha GT, Li Q, Kuang X, Xiao D, Ayepa E, Wu J, Chen H, Zhang Z, Liu Y, Yu X, Xiang Q, Ma M. Contribution of YPRO15C Overexpression to the Resistance of Saccharomyces cerevisiae BY4742 Strain to Furfural Inhibitor. Pol J Microbiol 2023; 72:177-186. [PMID: 37314359 DOI: 10.33073/pjm-2023-019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Lignocellulosic biomass is still considered a feasible source of bioethanol production. Saccharomyces cerevisiae can adapt to detoxify lignocellulose-derived inhibitors, including furfural. Tolerance of strain performance has been measured by the extent of the lag phase for cell proliferation following the furfural inhibitor challenge. The purpose of this work was to obtain a tolerant yeast strain against furfural through overexpression of YPR015C using the in vivo homologous recombination method. The physiological observation of the overexpressing yeast strain showed that it was more resistant to furfural than its parental strain. Fluorescence microscopy revealed improved enzyme reductase activity and accumulation of oxygen reactive species due to the harmful effects of furfural inhibitor in contrast to its parental strain. Comparative transcriptomic analysis revealed 79 genes potentially involved in amino acid biosynthesis, oxidative stress, cell wall response, heat shock protein, and mitochondrial-associated protein for the YPR015C overexpressing strain associated with stress responses to furfural at the late stage of lag phase growth. Both up- and down-regulated genes involved in diversified functional categories were accountable for tolerance in yeast to survive and adapt to the furfural stress in a time course study during the lag phase growth. This study enlarges our perceptions comprehensively about the physiological and molecular mechanisms implicated in the YPR015C overexpressing strain's tolerance under furfural stress. Construction illustration of the recombinant plasmid. a) pUG6-TEF1p-YPR015C, b) integration diagram of the recombinant plasmid pUG6-TEF1p-YPR into the chromosomal DNA of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Getachew Tafere Abrha
- 1Department of Applied Microbiology, College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, China
- 3Department of Biotechnology, College of Dry Land Agriculture and Natural Resources, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia
| | - Qian Li
- 1Department of Applied Microbiology, College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaolin Kuang
- 1Department of Applied Microbiology, College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, China
| | - Difan Xiao
- 1Department of Applied Microbiology, College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, China
| | - Ellen Ayepa
- 1Department of Applied Microbiology, College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, China
| | - Jinjian Wu
- 1Department of Applied Microbiology, College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, China
| | - Huan Chen
- 1Department of Applied Microbiology, College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhengyue Zhang
- 1Department of Applied Microbiology, College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, China
| | - Yina Liu
- 1Department of Applied Microbiology, College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiumei Yu
- 1Department of Applied Microbiology, College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, China
| | - Quanju Xiang
- 1Department of Applied Microbiology, College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, China
| | - Menggen Ma
- 1Department of Applied Microbiology, College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, China
- 2Institute of Natural Resources and Geographic Information Technology, College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, China
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17
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Ansari SA, Shakeel A, Sawarkar R, Maddalwar S, Khan D, Singh L. Additive facilitated co-composting of lignocellulosic biomass waste, approach towards minimizing greenhouse gas emissions: An up to date review. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 224:115529. [PMID: 36822534 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Although the composting of lignocellulosic biomass is an emerging waste-to-wealth approach towards organic waste management and circular economy, it still has some environmental loopholes that must be addressed to make it more sustainable and reliable. The significant difficulties encountered when composting lignocellulosic waste biomass are consequently discussed in this study, as well as the advances in science that have been achieved throughout time to handle these problems in a sustainable manner. It discusses an important global concern, the emission of greenhouse gases during the composting process which limits its applicability on a broader scale. Furthermore, it discusses in detail, how different organic minerals and biological additives modify the physiochemical and biological characteristics of compost, aiming at developing eco-friendly compost with minimum odor, greenhouse gases emission and an optimum C/N ratio. It brings novel insights by demonstrating the effect of additives on the microbial enzymes and their pathways involved in the degradation of lignocellulosic biomass. This review also highlights the limitations of the application of additives in composting and suggests possible ways to overcome these limitations in the future for the sustainable and eco-friendly management of agricultural waste. The present review concludes that the use of additives in the co-composting of lignocellulosic biomass can be a viable remedy for the ongoing issues with the management of lignocellulosic waste.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suhel Aneesh Ansari
- Environmental Biotechnology and Genomics Division, CSIR NEERI, Nagpur, India.
| | - Adnan Shakeel
- Environmental Biotechnology and Genomics Division, CSIR NEERI, Nagpur, India.
| | - Riya Sawarkar
- Environmental Biotechnology and Genomics Division, CSIR NEERI, Nagpur, India.
| | - Shrirang Maddalwar
- Environmental Biotechnology and Genomics Division, CSIR NEERI, Nagpur, India.
| | - Debishree Khan
- Environmental Biotechnology and Genomics Division, CSIR NEERI, Nagpur, India.
| | - Lal Singh
- Environmental Biotechnology and Genomics Division, CSIR NEERI, Nagpur, India.
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18
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De Bhowmick G, Guieysse B, Everett DW, Reis MG, Thum C. Novel source of microalgal lipids for infant formula. Trends Food Sci Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2023.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
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19
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Lignocellulosic Biorefinery Technologies: A Perception into Recent Advances in Biomass Fractionation, Biorefineries, Economic Hurdles and Market Outlook. FERMENTATION-BASEL 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation9030238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
Lignocellulosic biomasses (LCB) are sustainable and abundantly available feedstocks for the production of biofuel and biochemicals via suitable bioconversion processing. The main aim of this review is to focus on strategies needed for the progression of viable lignocellulosic biomass-based biorefineries (integrated approaches) to generate biofuels and biochemicals. Processing biomass in a sustainable manner is a major challenge that demands the accomplishment of basic requirements relating to cost effectiveness and environmental sustainability. The challenges associated with biomass availability and the bioconversion process have been explained in detail in this review. Limitations associated with biomass structural composition can obstruct the feasibility of biofuel production, especially in mono-process approaches. In such cases, biorefinery approaches and integrated systems certainly lead to improved biofuel conversion. This review paper provides a summary of mono and integrated approaches, their limitations and advantages in LCB bioconversion to biofuel and biochemicals.
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20
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Tang Z, Li Q, Di J, Ma C, He YC. An efficient chemoenzymatic cascade strategy for transforming biomass into furfurylamine with lobster shell-based chemocatalyst and mutated ω-transaminase biocatalyst in methyl isobutyl ketone-water. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 369:128424. [PMID: 36464000 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.128424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
To date, an efficient process for manufacturing valuable furan compounds from available renewable resources has gained great attention via a chemoenzymatic route. In this study, a sulfonated tin-loaded heterogeneous catalyst CLUST-Sn-LS using lobster shell as biobased carrier was prepared to convert corncob (75.0 g/L) into furfural (122.5 mM) at 170 °C for 30 min in methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK)-H2O biphasic system (2:1, v/v). To improve furfurylamine yield, a novel recombinant E. coli TFTS harboring robust mutant Aspergillus terreus ω-transaminase [hydrophilic threonine (T) at position 130 was site-directed mutated to hydrophobic phenylalanine (F)] was constructed to transform 300-500 mM furfural into furfurylamine (90.1-93.6 % yield) at 30 °C and pH 7.5 in MIBK-H2O. Corncob was converted to furfurylamine in MIBK-H2O with a high productivity of 0.461 g furfurylamine/(g xylan). This constructed chemoenzymatic method coupling bio-based chemocatalyst CLUST-Sn-LS and mutant ω-transaminase biocatalyst in a biphasic system could efficiently convert lignocellulose into furfurylamine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengyu Tang
- School of Pharmacy, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomass Refining and High-Quality Utilization, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Qing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-resources, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, PR China
| | - Junhua Di
- School of Pharmacy, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomass Refining and High-Quality Utilization, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Cuiluan Ma
- School of Pharmacy, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomass Refining and High-Quality Utilization, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu Province, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-resources, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, PR China
| | - Yu-Cai He
- School of Pharmacy, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomass Refining and High-Quality Utilization, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu Province, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-resources, Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, PR China.
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21
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Supper-Low-Addition Flame Retardant for the Fully Bio-based Poly(lactic acid) Composites. Polym Degrad Stab 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2023.110309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
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22
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Zhang Y, Ding Z, Shahadat Hossain M, Maurya R, Yang Y, Singh V, Kumar D, Salama ES, Sun X, Sindhu R, Binod P, Zhang Z, Kumar Awasthi M. Recent advances in lignocellulosic and algal biomass pretreatment and its biorefinery approaches for biochemicals and bioenergy conversion. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 367:128281. [PMID: 36370945 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.128281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
As the global demand for sustainable energy increases, lignocellulosic (such as agricultural residues, forest biomass, municipal waste, and dedicated energy crops) and algal (including macroalgae and microalgae) biomass have attracted considerable attention, because of their high availability of carbohydrates. This is a potential feedstock to produce biochemical and bioenergy. Pretreatment of biomass can disrupt their complex structure, increasing conversion efficiency and product yield. Therefore, this review comprehensively discusses recent advances in different pretreatments (physical, chemical, physicochemical, and biological pretreatments) for lignocellulosic and algal biomass and their biorefining methods. Life cycle assessment (LCA) which enables the quantification of the environmental impact assessment of a biorefinery also be introduced. Biorefinery processes such as raw material acquisition, extraction, production, waste accumulation, and waste conversion are all monitored under this concept. Nevertheless, there still exist some techno-economic barriers during biorefinery and extensive research is still needed to develop cost-effective processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China; Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, the United States of America
| | - Zheli Ding
- Haikou Experimental Station, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences (CATAS), Haikou, Hainan Province 571101, China
| | - Md Shahadat Hossain
- Department of Chemical Engineering, SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry, Syracuse, NY, the United States of America
| | - Rupesh Maurya
- Department of Biosciences, School of Science, Indrashil University, Rajpur, Mehsana 382715, Gujarat, India
| | - Yulu Yang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou City, 730000, Gansu Province, China
| | - Vijai Singh
- Department of Biosciences, School of Science, Indrashil University, Rajpur, Mehsana 382715, Gujarat, India
| | - Deepak Kumar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry, Syracuse, NY, the United States of America
| | - El-Sayed Salama
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou City, 730000, Gansu Province, China
| | - Xinwei Sun
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China
| | - Raveendran Sindhu
- Department of Food Technology, TKM Institute of Technology, Kollam 691505, Kerala, India
| | - Parameswaran Binod
- Microbial Processes and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST), Trivandrum 695 019, Kerala, India
| | - Zengqiang Zhang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China
| | - Mukesh Kumar Awasthi
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China.
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Tijjani Usman IM, Ho YC, Baloo L, Lam MK, Sujarwo W. A comprehensive review on the advances of bioproducts from biomass towards meeting net zero carbon emissions (NZCE). BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 366:128167. [PMID: 36341858 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.128167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This review investigates the development of bioproducts from biomass and their contribution towards net zero carbon emissions. The promising future of biomasses conversion techniques to produce bioproducts was reviewed. The advances in anaerobic digestion as a biochemical conversion technique have been critically studied and contribute towards carbon emissions mitigation. Different applications of microalgae biomass towards carbon neutrality were comprehensively discussed, and several research findings have been tabulated in this review. The carbon footprints of wastewater treatment plants were studied, and bioenergy utilisation from sludge production was shown to mitigate carbon footprints. The carbon-sinking capability of microalgae has also been outlined. Furthermore, integrated conversion processes have shown to enhance bioproducts generation yield and quality. The anaerobic digestion/pyrolysis integrated process was promising, and potential substrates have been suggested for future research. Lastly, challenges and future perspectives of bioproducts were outlined for a contribution towards meeting carbon neutrality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim Muntaqa Tijjani Usman
- Centre for Urban Resource Sustainability, Institute of Self-Sustainable Building, Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar, Perak Darul Ridzuan 32610, Malaysia; Agricultural and Environmental Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Bayero University Kano, Kano 700241, Nigeria.
| | - Yeek-Chia Ho
- Centre for Urban Resource Sustainability, Institute of Self-Sustainable Building, Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar, Perak Darul Ridzuan 32610, Malaysia.
| | - Lavania Baloo
- Centre for Urban Resource Sustainability, Institute of Self-Sustainable Building, Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar, Perak Darul Ridzuan 32610, Malaysia.
| | - Man-Kee Lam
- HICoE-Centre for Biofuel and Biochemical Research, Institute of Self-Sustainable Building, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar, Perak Darul Ridzuan 32610, Malaysia.
| | - Wawan Sujarwo
- Ethnobotany Research Group, Research Center for Ecology and Ethnobiology, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Cibinong, Bogor 16911, Indonesia.
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Li J, Zeng Y, Wang WB, Wan QQ, Liu CG, den Haan R, van Zyl WH, Zhao XQ. Increasing extracellular cellulase activity of the recombinant Saccharomyces cerevisiae by engineering cell wall-related proteins for improved consolidated processing of carbon neutral lignocellulosic biomass. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 365:128132. [PMID: 36252752 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.128132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Sustainable bioproduction usingcarbon neutral feedstocks, especially lignocellulosic biomass, has attracted increasing attention due to concern over climate change and carbon reduction. Consolidated bioprocessing (CBP) of lignocellulosic biomass using recombinantyeast of Saccharomyces cerevisiaeis a promising strategy forlignocellulosic biorefinery. However, the economic viability is restricted by low enzyme secretion levels.For more efficient CBP, MIG1spsc01isolated from the industrial yeast which encodes the glucose repression regulator derivative was overexpressed. Increased extracellular cellobiohydrolase (CBH) activity was observed with unexpectedly decreased cell wall integrity. Further studies revealed that disruption ofCWP2, YGP1, andUTH1,which are functionally related toMIG1spsc01, also enhanced CBH secretion. Subsequently, improved cellulase production was achieved by simultaneous disruption ofYGP1and overexpression ofSED5, which remarkably increased extracellular CBH activity of 2.2-fold over the control strain. These results provide a novel strategy to improve the CBP yeast for bioconversion of carbon neutral biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Li
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yu Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Wei-Bin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Qing-Qing Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Chen-Guang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Riaan den Haan
- Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Bellville 7530, South Africa
| | - Willem H van Zyl
- Department of Microbiology, University of Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch 7600, South Africa
| | - Xin-Qing Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
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25
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Cellulose-degrading enzymes: key players in biorefinery development. Biologia (Bratisl) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11756-022-01274-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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26
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Yang YR, Guo YX, Wang QY, Hu BY, Tian SY, Yang QZ, Cheng ZA, Chen QJ, Zhang GQ. Impacts of composting duration on physicochemical properties and microbial communities during short-term composting for the substrate for oyster mushrooms. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 847:157673. [PMID: 35905953 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
A short-term composting process to prepare substrate is an effective way to cultivate oyster mushrooms (Pleurotus spp.), which can increase the yield of mushrooms and lower the rate of contamination in non-industrialized cultivation. Moreover, it is different from the traditional composting processes for fertilizers and lacks systematic study, such as microbial succession and compost quality. In this study, a series of different tests of composting duration (0, 2, 4 and 5 d) were performed. A composting duration of 4-5 d over 58 °C was suitable for mushroom cultivation based on the biological efficiency (BE) range of 69.76-73.41 % and the contamination rate of 0 %. The content of total carbon (TC) continuously decreased during composting, while the content of total nitrogen (TN) reacted in an opposite matter. The final TN and C/N ratios were 1.89 % and 28/1, respectively, which fell well within the optimal range of nutritional requirements for oyster mushroom cultivation. The composting bacteria were more diverse than the fungal species. Caldibacillus, Thermobispora, Thermopolyspora, Thermobacillus and Ureibacillus were the predominant bacterial genera during the thermophilic stage. Co-occurrence patterns of microbial communities and physicochemical properties were performed using a network analysis, which indicated that bacteria can play more efficient roles than fungi in the degradation of organic matter. The structural equation model showed that composting duration significantly affected bacterial diversity, lignocellulose degradation rates, and BE. The correlations between bioinformatics parameters with composting characters and agronomic traits were determined by the Mantel test and showed that the induction of bacterial diversity over time rapidly activated carbon metabolism during short-term composting. This study provides a new idea of agro-waste composting for mushroom cultivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Ru Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Agricultural Application and New Technique, College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Yu-Xin Guo
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Agricultural Application and New Technique, College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Qiu-Ying Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Agricultural Application and New Technique, College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China; College of Horticulture, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China
| | - Bo-Yang Hu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Agricultural Application and New Technique, College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Sen-Ya Tian
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Agricultural Application and New Technique, College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Qi-Zhi Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Agricultural Application and New Technique, College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Zi-An Cheng
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Agricultural Application and New Technique, College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Qing-Jun Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Agricultural Application and New Technique, College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China.
| | - Guo-Qing Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Agricultural Application and New Technique, College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China.
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Calvo-Flores FG, Martin-Martinez FJ. Biorefineries: Achievements and challenges for a bio-based economy. Front Chem 2022; 10:973417. [PMID: 36438874 PMCID: PMC9686847 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.973417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Climate change, socioeconomical pressures, and new policy and legislation are driving a decarbonization process across industries, with a critical shift from a fossil-based economy toward a biomass-based one. This new paradigm implies not only a gradual phasing out of fossil fuels as a source of energy but also a move away from crude oil as a source of platform chemicals, polymers, drugs, solvents and many other critical materials, and consumer goods that are ubiquitous in our everyday life. If we are to achieve the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals, crude oil must be substituted by renewable sources, and in this evolution, biorefineries arise as the critical alternative to traditional refineries for producing fuels, chemical building blocks, and materials out of non-edible biomass and biomass waste. State-of-the-art biorefineries already produce cost-competitive chemicals and materials, but other products remain challenging from the economic point of view, or their scaled-up production processes are still not sufficiently developed. In particular, lignin's depolymerization is a required milestone for the success of integrated biorefineries, and better catalysts and processes must be improved to prepare bio-based aromatic simple molecules. This review summarizes current challenges in biorefinery systems, while it suggests possible directions and goals for sustainable development in the years to come.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco G. Calvo-Flores
- Grupo de Modelizacion y Diseño Molecular, Departamento de Quimica Organica, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Francisco J. Martin-Martinez
- Department of Chemistry, Swansea University, Swansea, United Kingdom
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States
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28
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Crosby JR, Laemthong T, Bing RG, Zhang K, Tanwee TNN, Lipscomb GL, Rodionov DA, Zhang Y, Adams MWW, Kelly RM. Biochemical and Regulatory Analyses of Xylanolytic Regulons in Caldicellulosiruptor bescii Reveal Genus-Wide Features of Hemicellulose Utilization. Appl Environ Microbiol 2022; 88:e0130222. [PMID: 36218355 PMCID: PMC9642015 DOI: 10.1128/aem.01302-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Caldicellulosiruptor species scavenge carbohydrates from runoff containing plant biomass that enters hot springs and from grasses that grow in more moderate parts of thermal features. While only a few Caldicellulosiruptor species can degrade cellulose, all known species are hemicellulolytic. The most well-characterized species, Caldicellulosiruptor bescii, decentralizes its hemicellulase inventory across five different genomic loci and two isolated genes. Transcriptomic analyses, comparative genomics, and enzymatic characterization were utilized to assign functional roles and determine the relative importance of its six putative endoxylanases (five glycoside hydrolase family 10 [GH10] enzymes and one GH11 enzyme) and two putative exoxylanases (one GH39 and one GH3) in C. bescii. Two genus-wide conserved xylanases, C. bescii XynA (GH10) and C. bescii Xyl3A (GH3), had the highest levels of sugar release on oat spelt xylan, were in the top 10% of all genes transcribed by C. bescii, and were highly induced on xylan compared to cellulose. This indicates that a minimal set of enzymes are used to drive xylan degradation in the genus Caldicellulosiruptor, complemented by hemicellulolytic inventories that are tuned to specific forms of hemicellulose in available plant biomasses. To this point, synergism studies revealed that the pairing of specific GH family proteins (GH3, -11, and -39) with C. bescii GH10 proteins released more sugar in vitro than mixtures containing five different GH10 proteins. Overall, this work demonstrates the essential requirements for Caldicellulosiruptor to degrade various forms of xylan and the differences in species genomic inventories that are tuned for survival in unique biotopes with variable lignocellulosic substrates. IMPORTANCE Microbial deconstruction of lignocellulose for the production of biofuels and chemicals requires the hydrolysis of heterogeneous hemicelluloses to access the microcrystalline cellulose portion. This work extends previous in vivo and in vitro efforts to characterize hemicellulose utilization by integrating genomic reconstruction, transcriptomic data, operon structures, and biochemical characteristics of key enzymes to understand the deployment and functionality of hemicellulases by the extreme thermophile Caldicellulosiruptor bescii. Furthermore, comparative genomics of the genus revealed both conserved and divergent mechanisms for hemicellulose utilization across the 15 sequenced species, thereby paving the way to connecting functional enzyme characterization with metabolic engineering efforts to enhance lignocellulose conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- James R. Crosby
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Tunyaboon Laemthong
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Ryan G. Bing
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Ke Zhang
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, College of the Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kinston, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Tania N. N. Tanwee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Gina L. Lipscomb
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Dmitry A. Rodionov
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, College of the Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kinston, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Michael W. W. Adams
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Robert M. Kelly
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
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29
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Nair LG, Agrawal K, Verma P. An insight into the principles of lignocellulosic biomass-based zero-waste biorefineries: a green leap towards imperishable energy-based future. Biotechnol Genet Eng Rev 2022; 38:288-338. [PMID: 35670485 DOI: 10.1080/02648725.2022.2082223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Lignocellulosic biomass (LCB) is an energy source that has a huge impact in today's world. The depletion of fossil fuels, increased pollution, climatic changes, etc. have led the public and private sectors to move towards sustainability i.e. using LCB for the production of biofuels and value-added compounds. A major bottleneck of the process is the recalcitrant nature of LCB. This can be overcome by using various pretreatment strategies like physical, chemical, biological, physicochemical, etc. Further, the pretreated biomass is made to undergo various steps like hydrolysis, saccharification, etc. for the conversion of value-added products and the remaining waste residues can be further utilized for the synthesis of secondary products thus favouring the zero-waste biorefinery concept. Currently, microorganisms are being explored for their use in biorefinery but the unavailability of commercial strains is a major limitation. Thus, the use of metagenomics can be used to overcome the limitation which is both cost-effective and environmentally friendly. The review deliberates the composition of LCBs, and their recalcitrance nature, followed by the structural changes caused by various pretreatment methods. The further steps in biorefineries, strategies for the development of zero-waste refineries, bottlenecks, and suggestions are also discussed. Special emphasis is given to the use of metagenomics for the discovery of microorganisms efficient for zero-waste biorefineries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lakshana G Nair
- Bioprocess and Bioenergy Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Central University of Rajasthan, Kishangarh, Ajmer, India
| | - Komal Agrawal
- Bioprocess and Bioenergy Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Central University of Rajasthan, Kishangarh, Ajmer, India
| | - Pradeep Verma
- Bioprocess and Bioenergy Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Central University of Rajasthan, Kishangarh, Ajmer, India
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30
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Ethanol organosolv pretreatment of sugarcane bagasse assisted by organic acids and supercritical carbon dioxide. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 300:120263. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.120263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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31
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Qiao J, Cui H, Wang M, Fu X, Wang X, Li X, Huang H. Integrated biorefinery approaches for the industrialization of cellulosic ethanol fuel. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 360:127516. [PMID: 35764282 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Lignocellulosic biomass is an abundant and sustainable raw material, but its conversion into ethanol fuel has not yet achieved large-scale industrialization and economic benefits. Integrated biorefineries have been widely identified as the key to achieving this goal. Here, four promising routes were summarized to assemble the new industrial plants for cellulose-based fuels and chemicals, including 1) integration of cellulase production systems into current cellulosic ethanol processes; 2) combination of processes and facilities between cellulosic ethanol and first-generation ethanol; 3) application of enzyme-free saccharification processes and computational approaches to increase the bioethanol yield and optimize the integration process; 4) production of multiple products to maximize the value derived from the lignocellulosic biomass. Finally, the remaining challenges and perspectives of this field are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Qiao
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, No. 2 Xuelin Road, Nanjing 210097, China
| | - Haiyang Cui
- Institute of Biotechnology, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 3, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Minghui Wang
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, No. 2 Xuelin Road, Nanjing 210097, China
| | - Xianshen Fu
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, No. 2 Xuelin Road, Nanjing 210097, China
| | - Xinyue Wang
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, No. 2 Xuelin Road, Nanjing 210097, China
| | - Xiujuan Li
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, No. 2 Xuelin Road, Nanjing 210097, China.
| | - He Huang
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, No. 2 Xuelin Road, Nanjing 210097, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, China
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32
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Arce C, Kratky L. Mechanical pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass toward enzymatic/fermentative valorization. iScience 2022; 25:104610. [PMID: 35789853 PMCID: PMC9250023 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Lignocellulosic biomass (LCB) has the potential to replace fossil fuels, thanks to the concept of biorefinery. This material is formed mainly by cellulose, lignin, and hemicellulose. To maximize the valorization potential of this material, LCB needs to be pretreated. Milling is always performed before any other treatments. It does not produce chemical change and improves the efficiency of the upcoming processes. Additionally, it makes LCB easier to handle and increases bulk density and transfer phenomena of the next pretreatment step. However, this treatment is energy consuming, so it needs to be optimized. Several mills can be used, and the equipment selection depends on the characteristics of the material, the final size required, and the operational regime: continuous or batch. Among them, ball, knife, and hammer mills are the most used at the laboratory scale, especially before enzymatic or fermentative treatments. The continuous operational regime (knife and hammer mill) allows us to work with high volumes of raw material and can continuously reduce particle size, unlike the batch operating regime (ball mill). This review recollects the information about the application of these machines, the effect on particle size, and subsequent treatments. On the one hand, ball milling reduced particle size the most; on the other hand, hammer and knife milling consumed less energy. Furthermore, the latter reached a small final particle size (units of millimeters) suitable for valorization.
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33
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Mele G, Mazzetto SE, Lomonaco D. Heterocyclic Compounds from Renewable Resources. HETEROCYCLES 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/9783527832002.ch8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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34
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Zhao J, Zhou G, Fang T, Ying S, Liu X. Screening ionic liquids for dissolving hemicellulose by COSMO-RS based on the selective model. RSC Adv 2022; 12:16517-16529. [PMID: 35754873 PMCID: PMC9169070 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra02001g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The utilization of biomass resources has attracted more and more attention due to the consumption of non-renewable resources. Compared with cellulose and lignin, hemicellulose has been less studied. Some ionic liquids (ILs) have been proved to be excellent solvents for lignocellulosic pretreatment. However, screening of more efficient ILs is difficult due to numerous possible ILs. Computational chemistry has been proved effective in solvent screening, but a precise model is indispensable. In this work, we focused on building several appropriate models and selected the most suitable one. According to the structure of hemicellulose, six hemicellulose models were constructed and the mid-dimer of the xylan chain hemicellulose (MDXC) model was proved to be the best compared with the reported experimental results. Based on the MDXC model, 1368 ILs were screened to evaluate their ability to dissolve hemicellulose by Conductor-like Screening Model for Real Solvents (COSMO-RS). The activity coefficient (γ), excess enthalpy (HE), and σ-profile indicated that the hydrogen-bond (H-bond) played a vital role in the dissolution of hemicellulose. Anions played a more critical role than cations, where small anions with H-bond acceptor groups could enhance the molecular interactions with hemicellulose. This work provided a thermodynamic understanding of hemicellulose and IL solvent systems. It highlights the importance of building appropriate solute models, which may be necessary to predict of the other thermodynamic properties in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinzheng Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University 308 Ningxia Road Shinan District Qingdao Shandong 266071 P. R. China
| | - Guohui Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University 308 Ningxia Road Shinan District Qingdao Shandong 266071 P. R. China
| | - Timing Fang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University 308 Ningxia Road Shinan District Qingdao Shandong 266071 P. R. China
| | - Shengzhe Ying
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University 308 Ningxia Road Shinan District Qingdao Shandong 266071 P. R. China
| | - Xiaomin Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University 308 Ningxia Road Shinan District Qingdao Shandong 266071 P. R. China
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35
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Guo H, Liu H, Jin Y, Zhang R, Yu Y, Deng L, Wang F. Advances in research on the bio-production of 1,4-butanediol by the engineered microbes. Biochem Eng J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2022.108478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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36
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Saleh HM, Hassan AI. Use of heterogeneous catalysis in sustainable biofuel production. PHYSICAL SCIENCES REVIEWS 2022. [DOI: 10.1515/psr-2022-0041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Biofuel is a sustainable energy source that may use to replace fossil-based carbon dioxide and mitigate the adverse effects of exhaust emissions. Nowadays, we need to replace petroleum fuels with alternatives from environmentally sustainable sources of increasing importance. Biofuels derived from biomass have gained considerable attention, and thus most of the traditional methods that harm the environment and humans have retreated. Developing an active and stable heterogeneous catalyst is a step of utmost importance in the renewable liquid fuel technology. Thus, there is a great interest in developing methods for producing liquid fuels from non-edible sources. It may also be from dry plant tissues such as agricultural waste. Lignocellulosic biomass can be a sustainable source for producing renewable fuels and chemicals, as well as the replacement of petroleum products. Hence, the researchers aspired to synthesize new catalysts using a cheap technology developed to hydrolyze cellulose and then produce bioethanol without needing expensive enzymes, which may ultimately lead to a lower fuel price. In this paper, we will focus on the recent technologies used to produce sustainable biofuels through inexpensive incentives and innocuous to the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hosam M. Saleh
- Radioisotope Department , Nuclear Research Center, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority , Cairo , Egypt
| | - Amal I. Hassan
- Radioisotope Department , Nuclear Research Center, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority , Cairo , Egypt
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37
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Modelling and Environmental Profile Associated with the Valorization of Wheat Straw as Carbon Source in the Biotechnological Production of Manganese Peroxidase. SUSTAINABILITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/su14084842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Interest in the development of biorefineries and biotechnological processes based on renewable resources has multiplied in recent years. This driving force is the result of the availability of lignocellulosic biomass and the range of applications that arise from its use and valorization. The approach of second-generation sugars from lignocellulosic biomass opens up the possibility of producing biotechnological products such as enzymes as a feasible alternative in the framework of biorefineries. It is in this context that this manuscript is framed, focusing on the modelling of a large-scale fermentative biotechnological process to produce the enzyme manganese peroxidase (MnP) by the fungus Irpex lacteus using wheat straw as a carbon source. The production scheme is based on the sequence of four stages: pretreatment of wheat straw, seed fermenters, enzyme production and downstream processes. For its environmental assessment, the Life Cycle Assessment methodology, which allows the identification and quantification of environmental impacts associated with the process, was utilized. As the main finding, the stages of the process with the highest environmental burdens are those of pretreatment and fermentation, mainly due to energy requirements. With the aim of proposing improvement scenarios, sensitivity analyses were developed around the identified hotspots. An improvement in the efficiency of steam consumption leads to a reduction of environmental damage of up to 30%.
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de Medeiros TDM, Dufossé L, Bicas JL. Lignocellulosic substrates as starting materials for the production of bioactive biopigments. Food Chem X 2022; 13:100223. [PMID: 35128384 PMCID: PMC8808281 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2022.100223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The search for sustainable processes is constantly increasing in the last years, so reusing, recycling and adding value to residues and by-products from agroindustry is a consolidated area of research. Particularly in the field of fermentation technology, the lignocellulosic substrates have been used to produce a diversity of chemicals, fuels and food additives. These residues or by-products are rich sources of carbon, which may be used to yield fermentescible sugars upon hydrolysis, but are usually inaccessible to enzyme and microbial attack. Therefore, pre-treatments (e.g. hydrolysis, steam explosion, biological pretreatment or others) are required prior to microbial action. Biopigments are added-value compounds that can be produced biotechnologically, including fermentation processes employing lignocellulosic substrates. These molecules are important not only for their coloring properties, but also for their biological activities. Therefore, this paper discusses the most recent and relevant processes for biopigment production using lignocellulosic substrates (solid-state fermentation) or their hydrolysates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiago Daniel Madureira de Medeiros
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Food Engineering, University of Campinas, Rua Monteiro Lobato, 80. Campinas-SP, Brazil
| | - Laurent Dufossé
- Chemistry and Biotechnology of Natural Products, CHEMBIOPRO, Université de La Réunion, ESIROI Agroalimentaire, 15 Avenue René Cassin, CEDEX 9, F-97744 Saint-Denis, France
| | - Juliano Lemos Bicas
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Food Engineering, University of Campinas, Rua Monteiro Lobato, 80. Campinas-SP, Brazil
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Chemical Modification of Cellulose Using a Green Route by Reactive Extrusion with Citric and Succinic Acids. POLYSACCHARIDES 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/polysaccharides3010017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellulose is a natural, unbranched, and fibrous homopolymer that is a major component in several agroindustrial residues. The aim of this study was to extract cellulose from oat hulls and then to modify it using a green route to obtain esterified cellulose through reaction with organic acids employing the reactive extrusion process, which is a process that presents some advantages, including low effluent generation, short reaction times, and it is scalable for large scale use. Citric (CA) and succinic (SA) acids were employed as esterifying agents in different concentrations (0, 5, 12.5, and 20%). Modified cellulose samples were characterized by their degree of substitution (DS), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (DRX), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), wettability, oil and water absorption capacities, and thermal stability. DS of modified samples ranged from 2.28 to 3.00, and FTIR results showed that the esterification occurred in all samples for both acids by observation of important bands at 1720 and 1737 cm−1 for samples modified with CA and SA, respectively. All modified samples presented increased hydrophobicity. The modification did not have an influence on the morphological structure or crystallinity pattern of all samples. This study proved to be possible to modify cellulose using a simple and ecofriendly process based on reactive extrusion with organic acids.
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Liu T, Miao P, Shi Y, Tang KHD, Yap PS. Recent advances, current issues and future prospects of bioenergy production: A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 810:152181. [PMID: 34883167 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
With the immense potential of bioenergy to drive carbon neutrality and achieve the climate targets of the Paris Agreement, this paper aims to present the recent advances in bioenergy production as well as their limitations. The novelty of this review is that it covers a comprehensive range of strategies in bioenergy production and it provides the future prospects for improvement. This paper reviewed more than 200 peer-reviewed scholarly papers mainly published between 2010 and 2021. Bioenergy is derived from biomass, which, through thermochemical and biochemical processes, is converted into various forms of biofuels. This paper reveals that bioenergy production is temperature-dependent and thermochemical processes currently have the advantage of higher efficiency over biochemical processes in terms of lower response time and higher conversion. However, biochemical processes produce more volatile organic compounds and have lower energy and temperature requirements. The combination of the two processes could fill the shortcomings of a single process. The choices of feedstock are diverse as well. In the future, it can be anticipated that continuous technological development to enhance the commercial viability of different processes, as well as approaches of ensuring their sustainability, will be among the main aspects to be studied in greater detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianqi Liu
- Department of Civil Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Pengyun Miao
- Department of Civil Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yang Shi
- Department of Architecture and Design, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Kuok Ho Daniel Tang
- Environmental Science Program, Division of Science and Technology, Beijing Normal University-Hong Kong Baptist University United International College, Zhuhai 519087, China
| | - Pow-Seng Yap
- Department of Civil Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou 215123, China.
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41
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Dai L, Jiang W, Jia R, Zhou X, Xu Y. Directional enhancement of 2-keto-gluconic acid production from enzymatic hydrolysate by acetic acid-mediated bio-oxidation with Gluconobacter oxydans. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 348:126811. [PMID: 35131459 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.126811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
An acetic acid-mediated bio-oxidation strategy with Gluconobacter oxydans was developed to produce valuable 2-ketogluconic acid from lignocellulosic biomass. Metabolically, glucose is firstly oxidized to gluconic acid and further oxidized to 2-keto-gluconic acid by Gluconobacter oxydans. As a specific inhibitor for microbial fermentation generated from pretreatment, acetic acid was validated to have a down-regulated effect on bio-oxidizing glucose to gluconic acid. Nevertheless, it significantly facilitated 2-keto-gluconic acid accumulation and improved gluconate dehydrogenase activity. In the presence of 5.0 g/L acetic acid, the yield of 2-keto-gluconic acid increased from 38.0% to 80.5% using pure glucose as feedstock with 1.5 g/L cell loading. Meanwhile, 44.6 g/L 2-keto-gluconic acid with a yield of 83.5% was also achieved from the enzymatic hydrolysate. 2-keto-gluconic acid production, found in this study, laid a theoretical foundation for the industrial production of 2-keto-gluconic acid by Gluconobacter oxydans using lignocellulosic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Dai
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Forestry Genetics & Biotechnology (Nanjing Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210037, People's Republic of China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Green Biomass-based Fuels and Chemicals, Nanjing 210037, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenfei Jiang
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Forestry Genetics & Biotechnology (Nanjing Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210037, People's Republic of China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Green Biomass-based Fuels and Chemicals, Nanjing 210037, People's Republic of China
| | - Runqian Jia
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Forestry Genetics & Biotechnology (Nanjing Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210037, People's Republic of China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Green Biomass-based Fuels and Chemicals, Nanjing 210037, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yong Xu
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Forestry Genetics & Biotechnology (Nanjing Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210037, People's Republic of China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Green Biomass-based Fuels and Chemicals, Nanjing 210037, People's Republic of China
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Streimikyte P, Viskelis P, Viskelis J. Enzymes-Assisted Extraction of Plants for Sustainable and Functional Applications. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:2359. [PMID: 35216475 PMCID: PMC8876524 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23042359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The scientific community and industrial companies have discovered significant enzyme applications to plant material. This rise imparts to changing consumers' demands while searching for 'clean label' food products, boosting the immune system, uprising resistance to bacterial and fungal diseases, and climate change challenges. First, enzymes were used for enhancing production yield with mild and not hazardous applications. However, enzyme specificity, activity, plant origin and characteristics, ratio, and extraction conditions differ depending on the goal. As a result, researchers have gained interest in enzymes' ability to cleave specific bonds of macroelements and release bioactive compounds by enhancing value and creating novel derivatives in plant extracts. The extract is enriched with reducing sugars, phenolic content, and peptides by disrupting lignocellulose and releasing compounds from the cell wall and cytosolic. Nonetheless, depolymerizing carbohydrates and using specific enzymes form and release various saccharides lengths. The latest studies show that oligosaccharides released and formed by enzymes have a high potential to be slowly digestible starches (SDS) and possibly be labeled as prebiotics. Additionally, they excel in new technological, organoleptic, and physicochemical properties. Released novel derivatives and phenolic compounds have a significant role in human and animal health and gut-microbiota interactions, affecting many metabolic pathways. The latest studies have contributed to enzyme-modified extracts and products used for functional, fermented products development and sustainable processes: in particular, nanocellulose, nanocrystals, nanoparticles green synthesis with drug delivery, wound healing, and antimicrobial properties. Even so, enzymes' incorporation into processes has limitations and is regulated by national and international levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Streimikyte
- Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Institute of Horticulture, 54333 Babtai, Lithuania
| | - Pranas Viskelis
- Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Institute of Horticulture, 54333 Babtai, Lithuania
| | - Jonas Viskelis
- Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Institute of Horticulture, 54333 Babtai, Lithuania
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43
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Martín C, Dixit P, Momayez F, Jönsson LJ. Hydrothermal Pretreatment of Lignocellulosic Feedstocks to Facilitate Biochemical Conversion. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:846592. [PMID: 35252154 PMCID: PMC8888528 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.846592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Biochemical conversion of lignocellulosic feedstocks to advanced biofuels and other bio-based commodities typically includes physical diminution, hydrothermal pretreatment, enzymatic saccharification, and valorization of sugars and hydrolysis lignin. This approach is also known as a sugar-platform process. The goal of the pretreatment is to facilitate the ensuing enzymatic saccharification of cellulose, which is otherwise impractical due to the recalcitrance of lignocellulosic feedstocks. This review focuses on hydrothermal pretreatment in comparison to alternative pretreatment methods, biomass properties and recalcitrance, reaction conditions and chemistry of hydrothermal pretreatment, methodology for characterization of pretreatment processes and pretreated materials, and how pretreatment affects subsequent process steps, such as enzymatic saccharification and microbial fermentation. Biochemical conversion based on hydrothermal pretreatment of lignocellulosic feedstocks has emerged as a technology of high industrial relevance and as an area where advances in modern industrial biotechnology become useful for reducing environmental problems and the dependence on fossil resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Martín
- Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Department of Biotechnology, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, Hamar, Norway
| | - Pooja Dixit
- Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | | | - Leif J. Jönsson
- Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- *Correspondence: Leif J. Jönsson,
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44
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Wang X, Li C, Lam CH, Subramanian K, Qin ZH, Mou JH, Jin M, Chopra SS, Singh V, Ok YS, Yan J, Li HY, Lin CSK. Emerging waste valorisation techniques to moderate the hazardous impacts, and their path towards sustainability. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 423:127023. [PMID: 34482075 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Due to the recent boom in urbanisation, economy, and global population, the amount of waste generated worldwide has increased tremendously. The World Bank estimates that global waste generation is expected to increase 70% by 2050. Disposal of waste is already a major concern as it poses risks to the environment, human health, and economy. To tackle this issue and maximise potential environmental, economic, and social benefits, waste valorisation - a value-adding process for waste materials - has emerged as a sustainable and efficient strategy. The major objective of waste valorisation is to transit to a circular economy and maximally alleviate hazardous impacts of waste. This review conducts bibliometric analysis to construct a co-occurrence network of research themes related to management of five major waste streams (i.e., food, agricultural, textile, plastics, and electronics). Modern valorisation technologies and their efficiencies are highlighted. Moreover, insights into improvement of waste valorisation technologies are presented in terms of sustainable environmental, social, and economic performances. This review summarises highlighting factors that impede widespread adoption of waste valorisation, such as technology lock-in, optimisation for local conditions, unfavourable regulations, and low investments, with the aim of devising solutions that explore practical, feasible, and sustainable means of waste valorisation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Eutrophication and Red Tide Prevention of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, China
| | - Chong Li
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chun Ho Lam
- School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, China
| | | | - Zi-Hao Qin
- School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, China
| | - Jin-Hua Mou
- School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, China
| | - Mushan Jin
- School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, China
| | | | - Vijay Singh
- Integrated Bioprocessing Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana, Champaign, 338, AESB, 1304 West Pennsylvania Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Yong Sik Ok
- Korea Biochar Research Center, Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, South Korea
| | - Jianbin Yan
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hong-Ye Li
- Key Laboratory of Eutrophication and Red Tide Prevention of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Carol Sze Ki Lin
- School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, China.
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45
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Joglekar SN, Dalwankar G, Qureshi N, Mandavgane SA. Sugarcane valorization: selection of process routes based on sustainability index. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:10812-10825. [PMID: 34532797 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-16375-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Increasing awareness about sustainability has compelled the recent researchers to explore different methods for evaluation. Conventionally the sustainability of a process was majorly dependent on the economics feasibility. Recently need of incorporation of environmental and social concerns in overall sustainability assessment has been realized. Authors in their prior work has published a framework for performing sustainability assessment of biomass processing enterprises. The present work is on selection of sugarcane valorization pathways based on the sustainability index using the same framework. Six alternative routes are compared based on their economic, environment and social criteria. Life cycle assessment of each process is performed as per ISO 14040/44 to evaluate the environmental criteria. Integrated method of value function (MIVES) is used for consolidation of different indicators and criteria. Amongst the process alternatives considered for assessment, 1G2G ethanol route is observed to have highest sustainability index (0.864) owing to relatively lower environmental impact whereas first generation butanol production route (1GRS) had the least sustainability index of 0.090 on account of decreased yield and less products. Sensitivity analysis performed on the model showed no significant change in the ranking of the alternatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saurabh N Joglekar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Laxminarayan Institute of Technology, R.T.M. Nagpur University, Opposite Bharat Nagar, Nagpur, 440033, India.
| | - Gauri Dalwankar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Laxminarayan Institute of Technology, R.T.M. Nagpur University, Opposite Bharat Nagar, Nagpur, 440033, India
| | - Nishat Qureshi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Laxminarayan Institute of Technology, R.T.M. Nagpur University, Opposite Bharat Nagar, Nagpur, 440033, India
| | - Sachin A Mandavgane
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology, (VNIT), Nagpur, 440010, India
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46
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Bimestre TA, Júnior JAM, Canettieri EV, Tuna CE. Hydrodynamic cavitation for lignocellulosic biomass pretreatment: a review of recent developments and future perspectives. BIORESOUR BIOPROCESS 2022; 9:7. [PMID: 38647820 PMCID: PMC10991952 DOI: 10.1186/s40643-022-00499-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The hydrodynamic cavitation comes out as a promising route to lignocellulosic biomass pretreatment releasing huge amounts of energy and inducing physical and chemical transformations, which favor lignin-carbohydrate matrix disruption. The hydrodynamic cavitation process combined with other pretreatment processes has shown an attractive alternative with high pretreatment efficiency, low energy consumption, and easy setup for large-scale applications compared to conventional pretreatment methods. This present review includes an overview of this promising technology and a detailed discussion on the process of parameters that affect the phenomena and future perspectives of development of this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiago Averaldo Bimestre
- Chemistry and Energy Department, School of Engineering, São Paulo State University UNESP, Guaratinguetá, SP, 12516-410, Brazil.
| | - José Antonio Mantovani Júnior
- Center for Weather Forecasting and Climate Studies, National Institute for Space Research CPTEC/INPE, Cachoeira Paulista, SP, 12630-000, Brazil
| | - Eliana Vieira Canettieri
- Chemistry and Energy Department, School of Engineering, São Paulo State University UNESP, Guaratinguetá, SP, 12516-410, Brazil
| | - Celso Eduardo Tuna
- Chemistry and Energy Department, School of Engineering, São Paulo State University UNESP, Guaratinguetá, SP, 12516-410, Brazil
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Guo X, Zhang S, Luo J, Pan M, Du Y, Liang Y, Li T. Integrated glycolysis and pyrolysis process for multiple utilization and cadmium collection of hyperaccumulator Sedum alfredii. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 422:126859. [PMID: 34449335 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Phytoremediation is a cost-effective and environmentally-friendly method to treat cadmium (Cd) contaminated soils, however, there is still a lack of safe disposal methods of harvested hyperaccumulators. In this study, by integrating glycolysis and pyrolysis, we investigated the possibility of bioproduct production and Cd collection from the hyperaccumulator Sedum alfredii. By means of acid-alkali pretreatment, the degree of cellulose polymerization was reduced by 36.24% while the surface accessibility was increased by 115.80%, resulting in a bioethanol yield of 9.29%. Meanwhile, 99.22% of total Cd of biomass could be reclaimed by collecting H2SO4-pretreatment waste. The saccharification residue was subsequently modified by NaOH-pretreatment-filtrate and converted into biochar at 500 °C which possessed a maximum Cd2+ sorption capacity of 60.52 mg g-1 based on the Langmuir model. Furthermore, sustainability analysis indicated that the economic input of this process is acceptable when considering its good environmental benefits. Taken together, our study provides a strategy for simultaneous bioethanol and biochar production during Cd collection from the hyperaccumulator S. alfredii, which could be a promising alternative for the suitable treatment of metal-enriched plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Guo
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Shijun Zhang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jipeng Luo
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Minghui Pan
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yilin Du
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yongchao Liang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Tingqiang Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Hangzhou 310058, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Environment and Resources Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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48
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Singh N, Singhania RR, Nigam PS, Dong CD, Patel AK, Puri M. Global status of lignocellulosic biorefinery: Challenges and perspectives. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 344:126415. [PMID: 34838977 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The bioprocessing of lignocellulosic biomass to produce bio-based products under biorefinery setup is gaining global attention. The economic viability of this biorefinery would be inclined by the efficient bioconversion of all three major constituents of lignocellulosic biomass i.e. cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin for value-added biochemicals and biofuels production. Although the lignocellulosic biorefinery setup has a clear value proposition, the commercial success at the industrial scale is still inadequate. This can be attributed mainly to irregular biomass supply chain, market uncertainties, and scale-up challenges. Global research efforts are underway by public and private sectors to get deeper market penetration. A comprehensive account of important factors, limitations, and propositions are worth consideration for the commercial success of lignocellulosic biorefineries. In this article, the importance of integration of lignocellulosic biorefineries with existing petrochemical refineries, the technical challenges of industrialization, SWOT analysis, and future directions have been reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisha Singh
- Department of Life Sciences, J. C. Bose University of Science & Technology, YMCA, Sector-8, Faridabad 121006, Haryana, India
| | - Reeta Rani Singhania
- Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science & Technology, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Poonam S Nigam
- Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Ulster University, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Cheng-Di Dong
- Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science & Technology, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Anil Kumar Patel
- Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science & Technology, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan.
| | - Munish Puri
- Bioprocessing Laboratory, Medical Biotechnology, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park, Adelaide 5042, Australia
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Raj T, Chandrasekhar K, Naresh Kumar A, Rajesh Banu J, Yoon JJ, Kant Bhatia S, Yang YH, Varjani S, Kim SH. Recent advances in commercial biorefineries for lignocellulosic ethanol production: Current status, challenges and future perspectives. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 344:126292. [PMID: 34748984 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Cellulosic ethanol production has received global attention to use as transportation fuels with gasoline blending virtue of carbon benefits and decarbonization. However, due to changing feedstock composition, natural resistance, and a lack of cost-effective pretreatment and downstream processing, contemporary cellulosic ethanol biorefineries are facing major sustainability issues. As a result, we've outlined the global status of present cellulosic ethanol facilities, as well as main roadblocks and technical challenges for sustainable and commercial cellulosic ethanol production. Additionally, the article highlights the technical and non-technical barriers, various R&D advancements in biomass pretreatment, enzymatic hydrolysis, fermentation strategies that have been deliberated for low-cost sustainable fuel ethanol. Moreover, selection of a low-cost efficient pretreatment method, process simulation, unit integration, state-of-the-art in one pot saccharification and fermentation, system microbiology/ genetic engineering for robust strain development, and comprehensive techno-economic analysis are all major bottlenecks that must be considered for long-term ethanol production in the transportation sector.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tirath Raj
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - K Chandrasekhar
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - A Naresh Kumar
- Department of Environmental Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - J Rajesh Banu
- Department of Life Sciences, Central University of Tamil Nadu, Thiruvarur 610 005, India
| | - Jeong-Jun Yoon
- Green and Sustainable Materials R&D Department, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology (KITECH), Cheonan-si, Chungcheongnam-do 31056, Republic of Korea
| | - Shashi Kant Bhatia
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Yung-Hun Yang
- Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunita Varjani
- Gujarat Pollution Control Board, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382 010, India
| | - Sang-Hyoun Kim
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea.
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Bianco A, Fancello F, Garau M, Deroma M, Atzori AS, Castaldi P, Zara G, Budroni M. Microbial and chemical dynamics of brewers' spent grain during a low-input pre-vermicomposting treatment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 802:149792. [PMID: 34464790 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The eco-sustainability of industrial processes relies on the proper exploitation of by-products and wastes. Recently, brewers' spent grain (BSG), the main by-product of brewing, was successfully recycled through vermicomposting to produce an organic soil conditioner. However, the pre-processing step there applied (oven-drying) resulted in high costs and the suppression of microbial species beneficial for soil fertility. To overcome these limitations, a low-input pre-processing step was here applied to better exploit BSG microbiota and to make BSG suitable for vermicomposting. During 51 days of pre-treatment, the bacterial and fungal communities of BSG were monitored by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE). Chemical (carbon, nitrogen, ammonium, nitrate content, dissolved organic carbon) and biochemical (dehydrogenase activity) parameters were also evaluated. Mature vermicompost obtained from pre-processed BSG was characterized considering its legal requirements (e.g., absence of pathogens and mycotoxins, lack of phytotoxicity on seeds), microbiota composition, and chemical properties. Results obtained showed that throughout the pre-process, the BSG microbiota was enriched in bacterial and fungal species of significant biotechnological and agronomic potential, including lactic acid bacteria (Weissella, Pediococcus), plant growth-promoting bacteria (Bacillus, Pseudomonas, Pseudoxhantomonas), and biostimulant yeasts (Pichia fermentans, Trichoderma reesei, Beauveria bassiana). Pre-processing increased the suitability of BSG for earthworms' activity to produce high-quality mature vermicompost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Bianco
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale Italia, 39, 07100 Sassari, Italy - Associated Member of the JRU MIRRI-IT
| | - Francesco Fancello
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale Italia, 39, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Matteo Garau
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale Italia, 39, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Mario Deroma
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale Italia, 39, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Alberto S Atzori
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale Italia, 39, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Paola Castaldi
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale Italia, 39, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Giacomo Zara
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale Italia, 39, 07100 Sassari, Italy - Associated Member of the JRU MIRRI-IT.
| | - Marilena Budroni
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale Italia, 39, 07100 Sassari, Italy - Associated Member of the JRU MIRRI-IT
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