1
|
Yang Y, Zhou T, Cheng M, Xie M, Shi N, Liu T, Huang Z, Zhao Y, Huang Q, Liu Z, Li B. Recent advances in organic waste pyrolysis and gasification in a CO 2 environment to value-added products. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 356:120666. [PMID: 38490005 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
The persistent combustion of fossil fuels has resulted in a widespread greenhouse effect attributable to the continual elevation of carbon dioxide (CO2) levels in the atmosphere. Recent research indicates that utilizing CO2 as a pyrolysis gasification medium diminishes CO2 emissions and concurrently augments the value of the resultant pyrolysis gasification products. This paper reviews recent advancements in the pyrolysis gasification of organic solid wastes under a CO2 atmosphere. Meanwhile, the mechanisms of CO2 influence in the pyrolysis and gasification processes were also discussed. In comparison to noble gases, CO2 exhibits reactivity with char at≥710 °C, resulting in additional mass loss of the sample. In addition, CO2 was able to increase the specific surface area and stability of biochar and reduce biooil toxicity by lowering the content of cyclic compounds in the biooil, while CO2 was able to react with GPRs with some volatile products (e.g., light hydrocarbons) to increase biogas yield. Finally, CO2 also prevents catalyst deactivation by reducing secondary coke formation. We also recommend directing future attention toward utilizing unpurified CO2 in pyrolysis and gasification. This review aims to expand the utilization of CO2 and advocate for applying pyrolysis gasification products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanyu Yang
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China.
| | - Tao Zhou
- The State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
| | - Mingqian Cheng
- Yunnan Land Resources Vocational College, Kunming 652501, China.
| | - Ming Xie
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China.
| | - Nan Shi
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China.
| | - Tingting Liu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Hazardous Waste Identification and Risk Control, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
| | - Zechun Huang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Hazardous Waste Identification and Risk Control, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
| | - Youcai Zhao
- The State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
| | - Qifei Huang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Hazardous Waste Identification and Risk Control, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
| | - Zewei Liu
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Hazardous Waste Identification and Risk Control, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
| | - Bin Li
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhang G, Chen Z, Chen T, Jiang S, Evrendilek F, Huang S, Tang X, Ding Z, He Y, Xie W, Liu J. Energetic, bio-oil, biochar, and ash performances of co-pyrolysis-gasification of textile dyeing sludge and Chinese medicine residues in response to K 2CO 3, atmosphere type, blend ratio, and temperature. J Environ Sci (China) 2024; 136:133-150. [PMID: 37923425 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2022.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Hazardous waste stream needs to be managed so as not to exceed stock- and rate-limited properties of its recipient ecosystems. The co-pyrolysis of Chinese medicine residue (CMR) and textile dyeing sludge (TDS) and its bio-oil, biochar, and ash quality and quantity were characterized as a function of the immersion of K2CO3, atmosphere type, blend ratio, and temperature. Compared to the mono-pyrolysis of TDS, its co-pyrolysis performance with CMR (the comprehensive performance index (CPI)) significantly improved by 33.9% in the N2 atmosphere and 33.2% in the CO2 atmosphere. The impregnation catalyzed the co-pyrolysis at 370°C, reduced its activation energy by 77.3 kJ/mol in the N2 atmosphere and 134.6 kJ/mol in the CO2 atmosphere, and enriched the degree of coke gasification by 44.25% in the CO2 atmosphere. The impregnation increased the decomposition rate of the co-pyrolysis by weakening the bond energy of fatty side chains and bridge bonds, its catalytic and secondary products, and its bio-oil yield by 66.19%. Its bio-oils mainly contained olefins, aromatic structural substances, and alcohols. The immersion of K2CO3 improved the aromaticity of the co-pyrolytic biochars and reduced the contact between K and Si which made it convenient for Mg to react with SiO2 to form magnesium-silicate. The co-pyrolytic biochar surfaces mainly included -OH, -CH2, C=C, and Si-O-Si. The main phases in the co-pyrolytic ash included Ca5(PO4)3(OH), Al2O3, and magnesium-silicate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gang Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of None-food Biomass Efficient Pyrolysis and Utilization Technology of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Zhiyun Chen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Tao Chen
- School of Environment, The Environmental Research Institute, MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Shaojun Jiang
- School of Environment, The Environmental Research Institute, MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Fatih Evrendilek
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University, Bolu 14052, Turkey
| | - Shengzheng Huang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xiaojie Tang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Ziyi Ding
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yao He
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Wuming Xie
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jingyong Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Premchand P, Demichelis F, Chiaramonti D, Bensaid S, Fino D. Study on the effects of carbon dioxide atmosphere on the production of biochar derived from slow pyrolysis of organic agro-urban waste. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2023; 172:308-319. [PMID: 37939602 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2023.10.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Slow pyrolysis, a widely recognized thermochemical technique, is employed to produce biochar usually under inert atmospheres. Recently, there is a growing interest in utilizing CO2 as a carrier gas during pyrolysis as an alternative to inert atmospheres, aiming to modify the resulting pyrolytic products and make them suitable for different applications. This study investigated and compared the impact of CO2 atmosphere with N2 on pyrolysis of food waste, rice husk, and grape tree branches waste via slow pyrolysis at temperatures of 400, 500, and 600 °C at 5 and 15 °C/min for 1 h, to evaluate biochar production and its properties. The results demonstrate that CO2 atmosphere increased the biochar yield for all feedstocks and significantly influenced the physicochemical properties of biochar. Compared to N2, CO2-derived biochar exhibited less volatile matter, higher carbon content, lower O/H and O/C molar ratios and enhanced textural properties. This study highlighted the potential of utilizing CO2 for biochar production and tailoring biochar properties for specific applications and the findings contribute to the establishment of sustainable and efficient waste management systems and the production of value-added biochar products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Premchand Premchand
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca Degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Turin, (TO), Italy; Department of Science, Technology and Society, University School for Advanced studies IUSS Pavia, 27100 Pavia, (PV), Italy
| | - Francesca Demichelis
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca Degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Turin, (TO), Italy
| | - David Chiaramonti
- Department of Energy, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca Degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Turin, (TO), Italy
| | - Samir Bensaid
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca Degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Turin, (TO), Italy
| | - Debora Fino
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca Degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Turin, (TO), Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Sharma AK, Ghodke PK, Goyal N, Bobde P, Kwon EE, Lin KYA, Chen WH. A critical review on biochar production from pine wastes, upgradation techniques, environmental sustainability, and challenges. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 387:129632. [PMID: 37562491 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
Pine wastes, including pine needles, cones, and wood, are abundantly produced as an agroforestry by-product globally and have shown tremendous potential for biochar production. Various thermochemical conversion technologies have exhibited promising results in converting pine wastes to biochar, displaying impressive performance. Hence, this review paper aims to investigate the possibilities and recent technological advancements for synthesizing biochar from pine waste. Furthermore, it explores techniques for enhancing the properties of biochar and its integrated applications in various fields, such as soil and water remediation, carbon sequestration, battery capacitor synthesis, and bio-coal production. Finally, the paper sheds light on the limitations of current strategies, emphasizing the need for further research and study to address the challenges in pine waste-based biochar synthesis. By promoting sustainable and effective utilization of pine wastes, this review contributes to environmental conservation and resource management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amit Kumar Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, Applied Sciences Cluster, School of Advance Engineering, and Centre for Alternate Energy Research (CAER), R&D, University of Petroleum & Energy Studies (UPES), Energy Acres Building, Bidholi, Dehradun 248007, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Praveen Kumar Ghodke
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Calicut, Kozhikode 673601, Kerala, India
| | - Nishu Goyal
- School of Health Sciences, University of Petroleum & Energy Studies (UPES), School of Engineering, Energy Acres Building, Bidholi, Dehradun 248007, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Prakash Bobde
- R & D, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, P.O. Bidholi Via-Prem Nagar, Dehradun 248007, India
| | - Eilhann E Kwon
- Department of Earth Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Kun-Yi Andrew Lin
- Department of Environmental Engineering & Innovation and Development Center of Sustainable Agriculture, National Chung Hsing University, 250 Kuo-Kuang Road, Taichung, Taiwan; Institute of Analytical and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Hsin Chen
- Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan; Research Center for Smart Sustainable Circular Economy, Tunghai University, Taichung 407, Taiwan; Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Chin-Yi University of Technology, Taichung 411, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Tan S, Zhou G, Yang Q, Ge S, Liu J, Cheng YW, Yek PNY, Wan Mahari WA, Kong SH, Chang JS, Sonne C, Chong WWF, Lam SS. Utilization of current pyrolysis technology to convert biomass and manure waste into biochar for soil remediation: A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 864:160990. [PMID: 36539095 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Traditional disposal of animal manures and lignocellulosic biomass is restricted by its inefficiency and sluggishness. To advance the carbon management and greenhouse gas mitigation, this review scrutinizes the effect of pyrolysis in promoting the sustainable biomass and manure disposal as well as stimulating the biochar industry development. This review has examined the advancement of pyrolysis of animal manure (AM) and lignocellulosic biomass (LB) in terms of efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and operability. In particular, the applicability of pyrolysis biochar in enhancing the crops yields via soil remediation is highlighted. Through pyrolysis, the heavy metals of animal manures are fixated in the biochar, thereby both soil contamination via leaching and heavy metal uptake by crops are minimized. Pyrolysis biochar is potentially use in soil remediation for agronomic and environmental co-benefits. Fast pyrolysis assures high bio-oil yield and revenue with better return on investment whereas slow pyrolysis has low revenue despite its minimum investment cost because of relatively low selling price of biochar. For future commercialization, both continuous reactors and catalysis can be integrated to pyrolysis to ameliorate the efficiency and economic value of pyrolysis biochar.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shimeng Tan
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Control of Artificial Forest Diseases and Pests in South China, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China; College of Biological Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Guoying Zhou
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Control of Artificial Forest Diseases and Pests in South China, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China; College of Biological Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Quan Yang
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Control of Artificial Forest Diseases and Pests in South China, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China; College of Forestry, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Shengbo Ge
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China
| | - Junang Liu
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Control of Artificial Forest Diseases and Pests in South China, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China; College of Forestry, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China.
| | - Yoke Wang Cheng
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Engineering and Computing, Manipal International University, 71800 Putra Nilai, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia; NUS Environmental Research Institute, National University of Singapore, 1 Create Way, Create Tower, #15-02, 138602 Singapore, Singapore; Energy and Environmental Sustainability Solutions for Megacities (E2S2), Campus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise (CREATE), 138602 Singapore, Singapore
| | - Peter Nai Yuh Yek
- Centre for Research of Innovation and Sustainable Development, University of Technology Sarawak, 96000 Sibu, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - Wan Adibah Wan Mahari
- Higher Institution Centre of Excellence (HICoE), Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries (AKUATROP), Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Sieng Huat Kong
- Centre on Technological Readiness and Innovation in Business Technopreneurship (CONTRIBUTE), University of Technology Sarawak, 96000 Sibu, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - Jo-Shu Chang
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, College of Engineering, Tunghai University, Taichung 407, Taiwan; Center for Nanotechnology, Tunghai University, Taichung 407, Taiwan; Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Christian Sonne
- Aarhus University, Department of Bioscience, Arctic Research Centre (ARC), Frederiksborgvej 399, PO Box 358, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - William Woei Fong Chong
- Automotive Development Centre (ADC), Institute for Vehicle Systems and Engineering (IVeSE), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Johor Bahru 81310, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Su Shiung Lam
- Higher Institution Centre of Excellence (HICoE), Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries (AKUATROP), Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia; Automotive Development Centre (ADC), Institute for Vehicle Systems and Engineering (IVeSE), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Johor Bahru 81310, Johor, Malaysia; University Centre for Research and Development, Department of Chemistry Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali, Punjab, India.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
van Els PPD, Setter C, de Oliveira TJP. Evaluation of Queen Palm residues and kraft lignin in the production of biofuels using densification and slow pyrolysis technology. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:90011-90022. [PMID: 35859241 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-22075-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to enhance the energy use of two products of industry - Queen Palm residue and kraft lignin (KF) - through the combination of two technologies - briquetting and slow pyrolysis. The addition of 20% KF provided briquettes with higher physical, energy, and mechanical properties. The yields of the pyrolysis products were affected by both the pyrolysis temperature and the addition of KF. In the bio-oil, the presence of phenols, methyl phenols, and methoxy phenols was highlighted; these compounds were present in greater quantities in the treatments with KF. It is concluded that combining the briquetting and pyrolysis processes produces both energy and economic benefits because it is possible to transport lighter loads with the same amount of energy per volume. Under the briquetting conditions adopted in this study, the addition of KF as a binder is necessary because this results in briquettes with better physical, energy and mechanical properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Carine Setter
- Department of Forest Sciences, Federal University of Lavras, Lavras, MG, 37200-000, Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Tamelová B, Malaťák J, Velebil J, Gendek A, Aniszewska M. Impact of Torrefaction on Fuel Properties of Aspiration Cleaning Residues. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:6949. [PMID: 36234290 PMCID: PMC9571558 DOI: 10.3390/ma15196949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
To maximise the use of biomass for energy purposes, there are various options for converting biomass to biofuels through thermochemical conversion processes, one of which is torrefaction. Higher utilisation of waste from the aspiration cleaning of grains, such as wheat or maize, could be one of the means through which the dependence on fossil fuels could be reduced in the spirit of a circular economy. In this study, the effect of torrefaction on fuel properties of agricultural residues was investigated. The tested materials were waste by-products from the aspiration cleaning of maize grains and waste from wheat. The materials were treated by torrefaction under a nitrogen atmosphere (225 °C, 250 °C, and 275 °C), over a residence time of 30 min. During the treatment, weight loss was monitored as a function of time. Proximate and elemental composition, as well as calorific values, were analysed before and after torrefaction. Torrefaction has a positive effect on the properties of the fuels in the samples studied, as shown by the results. The carbon content increased the most between temperatures of 250 °C and 275 °C, i.e., by 11.7% wt. in waste from maize. The oxygen content in the maize waste samples decreased by 38.99% wt. after torrefaction, and in wheat waste, it decreased by 37.20% wt. compared to the original. The net calorific value increased with increasing temperatures of process and reached a value of 23.56 MJ·kg-1 at a peak temperature of 275 °C in by-products from maize. To express the influence of the treatments on combustion behaviour, stoichiometric combustion calculations were performed. Differences of up to 20% in stoichiometric combustion parameters were found between the two types of waste. A similar case was found for fuel consumption, where a difference of 19% was achieved for torrefaction at a temperature of 275 °C, which fundamentally differentiated these fuels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Barbora Tamelová
- Department of Technological Equipment of Buildings, Faculty of Engineering, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 21 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Malaťák
- Department of Technological Equipment of Buildings, Faculty of Engineering, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 21 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Velebil
- Department of Technological Equipment of Buildings, Faculty of Engineering, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 21 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Arkadiusz Gendek
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Institute of Mechanical Engineering, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 164, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Monika Aniszewska
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, Institute of Mechanical Engineering, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 164, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Li Y, Gupta R, You S. Machine learning assisted prediction of biochar yield and composition via pyrolysis of biomass. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 359:127511. [PMID: 35752259 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Biochar production via pyrolysis of various organic waste has potential to reduce dependence on conventional energy sources and mitigate global warming potential. Existing models for predicting biochar yield and compositions are computationally-demanding, complex, and have low accuracy for extrapolative scenarios. Here, two data-driven machine learning models based on Multi-Layer Perceptron Neural Network and Artificial Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System are developed. The data-driven models predict biochar yield and compositions for a variety of input feedstock compositions and pyrolysis process conditions. Feature importance assessment of the input dataset revealed their competitive significance for predicting biochar yield and compositions. Overall, the predictive accuracy of the models was up to 12.7% better than the Random Forest and eXtreme Gradient Boosting machine learning algorithms reported in the literature. The models developed are valuable for environmental footprint assessment of biochar production and rapid system optimization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yize Li
- James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Rohit Gupta
- James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Siming You
- James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Zhao N, Zhao C, Liu K, Zhang W, Tsang DCW, Yang Z, Yang X, Yan B, Morel JL, Qiu R. Experimental and DFT investigation on N-functionalized biochars for enhanced removal of Cr(VI). ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 291:118244. [PMID: 34592327 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In this study, N-functionalized biochars with varied structural characteristics were designed by loading poplar leaf with different amounts of urea at 1:1 and 1:3 ratios through pyrolysis method. The addition of urea significantly increased the N content of biochar and facilitated the formation of amine (-NH-, -NH2), imine (-HCNH), benzimidazole (-C7H5N2), imidazole (-C3H3N2), and pyrimidine (-C4H3N2) groups due to substitution reaction and Maillard reaction. The effect of pH on Cr(VI) removal suggested that decrease in solution pH favored the formation of electrostatic attraction between the protonated functional groups and HCrO4-. And, experimental and density functional theory study were used to probe adsorption behaviors and adsorption mechanism which N-functionalized biochars interacted with Cr(VI). The protonation energy calculations indicated that N atoms in newly formed N-containing groups were better proton acceptors. Adsorption kinetics and isotherm experiments exhibited that N-functionalized biochars had greater removal rate and removal capacity for Cr(VI). The removal rate of Cr(VI) on N-functionalized biochar was 10.5-15.5 times that of untreated biochar. Meanwhile, N-functionalized biochar of NB3 with the largest number of adsorption sites for -C7H5N2, -NH2, -OH, -C3H3N2, and phthalic acid (-C8H5O4) exhibited the supreme adsorption capacity for Cr(VI) through H bonds and the highest adsorption energy was -5.01 kcal/mol. These mechanistic findings on the protonation and adsorption capacity are useful for better understanding the functions of N-functionalized biochars, thereby providing a guide for their use in various environmental applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nan Zhao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China
| | - Chuanfang Zhao
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, PR China
| | - Kunyuan Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China
| | - Weihua Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China
| | - Daniel C W Tsang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zaikuan Yang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China
| | - Xixiang Yang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China; School of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biomedicine, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Bofang Yan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China
| | - Jean Louis Morel
- Université de Lorraine, INRA, Laboratoire Sols et Environnement, 2, avenue de la forêt de Haye - BP 20163, 54505, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Rongliang Qiu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Phothong K, Tangsathitkulchai C, Lawtae P. The Analysis of Pore Development and Formation of Surface Functional Groups in Bamboo-Based Activated Carbon during CO 2 Activation. Molecules 2021; 26:5641. [PMID: 34577111 PMCID: PMC8469776 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26185641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Pore development and the formation of oxygen functional groups were studied for activated carbon prepared from bamboo (Bambusa bambos) using a two-step activation with CO2, as functions of carbonization temperature and activation conditions (time and temperature). Results show that activated carbon produced from bamboo contains mostly micropores in the pore size range of 0.65 to 1.4 nm. All porous properties of activated carbons increased with the increase in the activation temperature over the range from 850 to 950 °C, but decreased in the temperature range of 950 to 1000 °C, due principally to the merging of neighboring pores. The increase in the activation time also increased the porous properties linearly from 60 to 90 min, which then dropped from 90 to 120 min. It was found that the carbonization temperature played an important role in determining the number and distribution of active sites for CO2 gasification during the activation process. Empirical equations were proposed to conveniently predict all important porous properties of the prepared activated carbons in terms of carbonization temperature and activation conditions. Oxygen functional groups formed during the carbonization and activation steps of activated carbon synthesis and their contents were dependent on the preparation conditions employed. Using Boehm's titration technique, only phenolic and carboxylic groups were detected for the acid functional groups in both the chars and activated carbons in varying amounts. Empirical correlations were also developed to estimate the total contents of the acid and basic groups in activated carbons in terms of the carbonization temperature, activation time and temperature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Chaiyot Tangsathitkulchai
- School of Chemical Engineering, Institute of Engineering, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand; (K.P.); (P.L.)
| | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Prasertcharoensuk P, Bull SJ, Arpornwichanop A, Phan AN. Sustainable Hydrogen Production from Waste Wood and CO 2. Ind Eng Chem Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.1c01810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Phuet Prasertcharoensuk
- Bio-Circular-Green-economy Technology & Engineering Center, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Steve J. Bull
- School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K
| | - Amornchai Arpornwichanop
- Center of Excellence in Process and Energy Systems Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Anh N. Phan
- School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Chan YH, Syed Abdul Rahman SNF, Lahuri HM, Khalid A. Recent progress on CO-rich syngas production via CO 2 gasification of various wastes: A critical review on efficiency, challenges and outlook. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 278:116843. [PMID: 33711630 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.116843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Carbon monoxide (CO) is a highly valuable component of syngas which could be used to synthesize various chemicals and fuels. Conventionally, syngas is derived from fossil-based natural gas and coal which are non-renewable. To curb the problem, CO2 gasification offers a win-win solution in which CO2 is converted with wastes to CO, achieving carbon emission mitigation and addressing waste disposal issue simultaneously. In this review, gasification of various wastes by CO2 with particular focus given to generation of CO-rich syngas is presented and critically discussed. This includes the effects of operating parameters (temperature, pressure and physicochemical properties of feedstocks) and advanced CO2 gasification techniques (catalytic CO2 gasification, CO2 co-gasification and microwave-driven CO2 gasification). Furthermore, associated technological challenges are highlighted and way forward in this field are proposed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Herng Chan
- PETRONAS Research Sdn. Bhd. (PRSB), Lot 3288 & 3289, Off Jalan Ayer Itam, Kawasan Institusi Bangi, 43000, Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | | | - Hazratul Mumtaz Lahuri
- PETRONAS Research Sdn. Bhd. (PRSB), Lot 3288 & 3289, Off Jalan Ayer Itam, Kawasan Institusi Bangi, 43000, Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Alia Khalid
- PETRONAS Research Sdn. Bhd. (PRSB), Lot 3288 & 3289, Off Jalan Ayer Itam, Kawasan Institusi Bangi, 43000, Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Larionov KB, Yankovsky SA, Gubin VE, Slyusarskiy KV, Ulko AA, Gasparian GD. Production of Briquetted Semicoke from Wood Waste by Multistep Low-Temperature Pyrolysis. COKE AND CHEMISTRY 2021. [DOI: 10.3103/s1068364x20120042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
14
|
Guo S, Xiong X, Che D, Liu H, Sun B. Effects of sludge pyrolysis temperature and atmosphere on characteristics of biochar and gaseous products. KOREAN J CHEM ENG 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11814-020-0685-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
|
15
|
Foong SY, Chan YH, Cheah WY, Kamaludin NH, Tengku Ibrahim TNB, Sonne C, Peng W, Show PL, Lam SS. Progress in waste valorization using advanced pyrolysis techniques for hydrogen and gaseous fuel production. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 320:124299. [PMID: 33129091 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.124299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen and gaseous fuel derived from wastes have opened up promising alternative pathways for the production of renewable and sustainable fuels to substitute classical fossil energy resources that cause global warming and pollution. Existing review articles focus mostly on gasification, reforming and pyrolysis processes, with limited information on particularly gaseous fuel production via pyrolysis of various waste products. This review provides an overview on the recent advanced pyrolysis technology used in hydrogen and gaseous fuel production. The key parameters to maximize the production of specific compounds were discussed. More studies are needed to optimize the process parameters and improve the understanding of reaction mechanisms and co-relationship between these advanced techniques. These advanced techniques provide novel environmentally sustainable and commercially procedures for waste-based production of hydrogen and gaseous fuels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shin Ying Foong
- Henan Province Engineering Research Center For Biomass Value-Added Products, School of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China; Pyrolysis Technology Research Group, Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries (AKUATROP), Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Yi Herng Chan
- PETRONAS Research Sdn. Bhd. (PRSB), Lot 3288 & 3289, Off Jalan Ayer Itam, Kawasan Institusi Bangi, 43000 Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Wai Yan Cheah
- Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, MAHSA University, 42610 Jenjarom, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Noor Haziqah Kamaludin
- Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, MAHSA University, 42610 Jenjarom, Selangor, Malaysia
| | | | - Christian Sonne
- Aarhus University, Department of Bioscience, Arctic Research Centre (ARC), Frederiksborgvej 399, PO Box 358, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Wanxi Peng
- Henan Province Engineering Research Center For Biomass Value-Added Products, School of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Pau-Loke Show
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus, Jalan Broga, 43500 Semenyih, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Su Shiung Lam
- Henan Province Engineering Research Center For Biomass Value-Added Products, School of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China; Pyrolysis Technology Research Group, Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries (AKUATROP), Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Kończak M, Pan B, Ok YS, Oleszczuk P. Carbon dioxide as a carrier gas and mixed feedstock pyrolysis decreased toxicity of sewage sludge biochar. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 723:137796. [PMID: 32222497 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The common use of sewage sludge (SSL)-derived biochar can be limited due to contaminants present in SSL, which may affect SSL-derived biochar toxicity. We propose the reduction of SSL-derived biochar toxicity by it co-pyrolysis with biomass and in CO2 atmosphere. Ecotoxicity of biochars produced at 500, 600, and 700 °C from SSL and SSL with the addition of willow (at a ratio of SSL:willow - 8:2 and 6:4, w/w) in an atmosphere of N2 or CO2 were investigated. The toxicity of aqueous extracts derived from the biochars (Lepidium sativum - Elongation test, Vibrio fischeri - Microtox) or solid-phase toxicity (Lepidium sativum - Phytotoxkit F, Folsomia candida - Collembolan test) was also studied. SSL-derived biochar produced at N2 atmosphere usually was toxic for all tested organisms. Co-pyrolysis of mixed feedstock reduced the toxicity of the produced biochar. In the case of biochars produced from SSL and willow under N2 atmosphere decrease in inhibition of F. candida reproduction (from 27 to 58%) or its stimulation (from 7 to 30%) in comparison to SSL alone derived biochar, was observed. Co-pyrolysis of SSL with willow significantly reduced the toxicity of extracts the SSL-derived biochar towards L. sativum. The aqueous extracts obtained from the biochars produced at temperatures of 500 and 600 °C with willow addition were also less toxic to V. fischeri than the biochars produced from SSL alone. The change of carrier gas from N2 to CO2, regardless of the feedstock used, in most cases reduced toxicity or positively affected the test organisms. This was probably caused by changes in the physicochemical properties and content of contaminants in the biochars produced in an atmosphere of CO2, compared to N2. An exception was root growth inhibition in the solid phase tests where no significant differences were found between biochars produced in N2 and CO2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Kończak
- Department of Hydrology and Climatology, Institute of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Earth Sciences and Spatial Management, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, 2cd Kraśnicka Ave., 20-718 Lublin, Poland
| | - Bo Pan
- Faculty of Environmental Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Yong Sik Ok
- Korea Biochar Research Center, O-Jeong Eco-Resilience Institute (OJERI), Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Patryk Oleszczuk
- Department of Radiochemistry and Environmental Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, 3 Maria Curie-Skłodowska Square, 20-031 Lublin, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Hu Q, Dai Y, Wang CH. Steam co-gasification of horticultural waste and sewage sludge: Product distribution, synergistic analysis and optimization. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 301:122780. [PMID: 31978702 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.122780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2019] [Revised: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this study, horticultural waste (HW) and sewage sludge (SS) with different mass ratios were co-gasified with steam at different temperatures to investigate the product distribution, gas synergistic interaction, and optimal design for gas products from co-gasification process. Results showed that with the increase of SS ratio in blends, the H2 content was increased and the syngas yield was decreased. The synergistic interaction was more significant at higher temperature which promoted the H2 production probably due to the reduction and steam oxidation of Fe species in SS during co-gasification process. The optimized highest effective gas content (82.92 vol%) was achieved with the highest HHV (11.40 MJ/m3) at the conditions of SS ratio = 0.80 and temperature of 900 °C. It indicates that steam co-gasification of HW and SS is a promising technology to produce desired syngas towards a clean and efficient waste management process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Hu
- NUS Environmental Research Institute (NERI), National University of Singapore, Singapore 138602, Singapore
| | - Yanjun Dai
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Chi-Hwa Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117585, Singapore.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Godlewska P, Siatecka A, Kończak M, Oleszczuk P. Adsorption capacity of phenanthrene and pyrene to engineered carbon-based adsorbents produced from sewage sludge or sewage sludge-biomass mixture in various gaseous conditions. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 280:421-429. [PMID: 30784992 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Revised: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Adsorption of phenanthrene (PHE) and pyrene (PYR) by engineered carbon-based adsorbents produced from sewage sludge in an atmosphere of nitrogen (N2) or carbon dioxide (CO2) at temperatures of 500, 600, and 700 °C was investigated. The addition of willow to the SSL decreased the biochar adsorption capacity. However, there was an increase in the adsorption capacity after changing N2 to CO2. The addition of willow to SSL and the type of carrier gas affected the mechanism of adsorption. The adsorption of PHE and PYR on the SSL-derived adsorbents produced in N2 occurred through pore filling. The adsorption on the SSL-derived adsorbents with willow followed the mechanism of π-π electron-donor-acceptor (EDA) interactions and hydrophobic interactions. A similar mechanism was observed with regard to the biochars produced from SSL in atmosphere of CO2. For the SSL-derived adsorbents with willow in CO2, the adsorption mechanism was observed to vary between PHE and PYR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Godlewska
- Department of Environmental Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University in Lublin, Maria Curie-Skłodowska Square 3, 20-031 Lublin, Poland
| | - Anna Siatecka
- Department of Environmental Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University in Lublin, Maria Curie-Skłodowska Square 3, 20-031 Lublin, Poland
| | - Magdalena Kończak
- Department of Hydrology and Climatology, Faculty of Earth Sciences and Spatial Management, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University in Lublin, 2cd Kraśnicka Ave., 20-718 Lublin, Poland
| | - Patryk Oleszczuk
- Department of Environmental Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University in Lublin, Maria Curie-Skłodowska Square 3, 20-031 Lublin, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Wang X, Song Q, Wang N, Su H, Zeng X, Yang W. Theoretical modelling of the chemical reactivity of fresh biomass chars under non-catalytic conditions. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 273:244-250. [PMID: 30447626 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Revised: 11/04/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This study developed a model for the chemical reactivity of fresh biomass chars, and built a calculation equation for the char gasification rate using simple gas-solid collision theory (SCT). The effects of pore breaks, pore collapse and thermal annealing on the char reactivity were considered in the modelling. Experimental tests for six acid-washed biomass chars were performed under a CO2 atmosphere and used a thermo-gravimetric analyzer (TGA) over the temperature range of 1073-1273 K. The results showed that the reactivity of fresh char could be predicted quantitatively by some characteristic properties of certain kind of biomass and their combined parameters. For the instability of the biomass char structure, the internal pore length and gasification temperature showed a good exponential relationship. Good agreement was achieved, and the applicability of the model was demonstrated by comparing the predicted results with experimental data.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohan Wang
- Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangzhou 510640, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Qianshi Song
- Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ning Wang
- Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hang Su
- Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiaojun Zeng
- Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangzhou 510640, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Weibin Yang
- Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangzhou 510640, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou 510640, China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Application of different carrying gases and ratio between sewage sludge and willow for engineered (smart) biochar production. J CO2 UTIL 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcou.2018.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
21
|
Cho DW, Tsang DCW, Kim S, Kwon EE, Kwon G, Song H. Thermochemical conversion of cobalt-loaded spent coffee grounds for production of energy resource and environmental catalyst. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 270:346-351. [PMID: 30243241 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.09.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Revised: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/08/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Thermochemical conversion of cobalt (Co)-loaded lignin-rich spent coffee grounds (COSCG) was carried out to find the appropriate pyrolytic conditions (atmospheric gas and pyrolytic time) for syngas production (H2 and CO) and fabricate Co-biochar catalyst (CBC) in one step. The use of CO2 as atmospheric gas and 110-min pyrolytic time was optimal for generation of H2 (∼1.6 mol% in non-isothermal pyrolysis for 50 min) and CO (∼4.7 mol% in isothermal pyrolysis for 60 min) during thermochemical process of COSCG. The physicochemical properties of CBC fabricated using optimized pyrolytic conditions for syngas production were scrutinized using various analytical instruments (FE-SEM, TEM, XRD, and XPS). The characterizations exhibited that the catalyst consisted of metallic Co and surface wrinkled carbon layers. As a case study, the catalytic capability of CBC was tested by reducing p-nitrophenol (PNP), and the reaction kinetics of PNP in the presence of CBC was measured from 0.04 to 0.12 s-1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Wan Cho
- Department of Environment and Energy, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Daniel C W Tsang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Sohyun Kim
- Department of Environment and Energy, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Eilhann E Kwon
- Department of Environment and Energy, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Gihoon Kwon
- Department of Environment and Energy, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Hocheol Song
- Department of Environment and Energy, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Bordoloi S, Garg A, Sreedeep S, Lin P, Mei G. Investigation of cracking and water availability of soil-biochar composite synthesized from invasive weed water hyacinth. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 263:665-677. [PMID: 29793826 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Revised: 05/01/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Water hyacinth (WH), is one of the world's most intractable and invasive weed species. Recent studies explored the efficacy of this species as a biochar (BC) in improving soil fertility and metal adsorption. However, the soil water retention (SWR) property and crack potential of soil-WH biochar composite has still not been studied. The major objective of this study is to investigate the SWR property and corresponding crack intensity factor (CIF) for compacted soil-WH BC composites. Soil-WH BC composites at five percentages (0, 2, 5, 10 and 15) was compacted and soil parameters such as suction (ψ), water content and CIF were simultaneously monitored for 63 days (including 9 drying-wetting cycles). Results showed that soil-WH BC composite at all percentages retains more water (max. 19% and min. 6.53%) than bare soil at both saturated and drought conditions. Gradual inclusion of WH BC to soil decreases the CIF potential from 7% to 2.8%.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sanandam Bordoloi
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, India
| | - Ankit Garg
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Shantou University, China.
| | - S Sreedeep
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, India
| | - Peng Lin
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Shantou University, China
| | - Guoxiong Mei
- Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Guangxi University, China
| |
Collapse
|