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Sun G, Jia R, Zhang Y, Zhang Z, Wang Y, Ma R, Wang Y, Jiang Z, Liu M, Jiang Y. Mechanisms of the novel pesticide sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate in the mitigation of protozoan ciliated pathogens during microalgal cultivation. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2024; 201:116204. [PMID: 38430678 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.116204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Protozoan ciliates represent a common biological contaminant during microalgae cultivation, which will lead to a decline in microalgae productivity. This study investigated the effectiveness of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (SDBS) in controlling ciliate populations within microalgae cultures. SDBS concentrations of 160 mg/L and 100 mg/L were found to effectively manage the representative species of ciliates contamination by Euplotes vannus and Uronema marinum during the cultivation of Synechococcus and Chlorella, and the growth vitality of microalgae has been restored. Additionally, SDBS at these concentrations reduced oxidative stress resistance and induced membrane damage to remove biological pollutants by modulating enzyme activity, affecting lipid, energy, amino acid metabolism pathways, and processes such as translation and protein folding. This research provides insights into the mechanisms through which SDBS effectively combats protozoan ciliates during the microalgal cultivation. This contributes to reduce biological pollution, ensure the overall productivity and healthy and sustainable management of microalgae ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaojingwen Sun
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Ruiqi Jia
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Zhaoji Zhang
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Yunlong Wang
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Rui Ma
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Yaxin Wang
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Zhiyang Jiang
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Mingjian Liu
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Yong Jiang
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; Key Laboratory of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity of Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China.
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Scarponi P, Caminiti V, Bravi M, Izzo FC, Cavinato C. Coupling anaerobic co-digestion of winery waste and waste activated sludge with a microalgae process: Optimization of a semi-continuous system. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2024; 174:300-309. [PMID: 38086294 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2023.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Wine production represents one of the most important agro-industrial sectors in Italy. Wine lees are the most significant waste in the winery industry and have high disposal and storage costs and few applications within the circular economy. In this study, anaerobic digestion and a microalgae coupled process was studied in order to treat wine lees and waste activated sludge produced within the same facility, with the aim of producing energy and valuable microalgae biomass that could be processed to recover biofuel or biostimulant. Chlorella vulgaris was cultivated on liquid digestate in a semi-continuous system without biomass recirculation. The best growth and phytoremediation performance were achieved applying a hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 20 days with a stable dry weight, lipid and protein storage of 1.85 ± 0.02 g l-1, 33.48 ± 7.54 % and 57.85 ± 10.14 % respectively. Lipid characterization highlighted the potential use in high quality biodiesel production, according to EN14214 (<12 % v/v linolenic acid). The microalgae reactor's liquid output showed high removal of ammonia (95.72 ± 2.10 %), but low organic soluble matter reduction. Further semi-continuous process optimization was carried out by increasing the time between digestate feeding and biomass recovery at HRT 10. These operative changes avoided biomass wash-out and provided a stable phytoremediation of the digestate with 84.58 ± 4.02 % ammonia removal, 33.01 ± 1.44 % sCOD removal, 38.06 ± 2.65 % of polyphenols removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Scarponi
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, University Ca' Foscari of Venice, via Torino 155, 30172 Venice, Italy.
| | - V Caminiti
- Department of Agronomy, Animals, Food, Natural Resources and Environment, University of Padova, viale dell'Università, 16, 35020 Legnaro, Italy
| | - M Bravi
- Department of Chemical Engineering Materials Environment, Sapienza University of Rome, via Eudossiana, 18, 00184 Roma, Italy
| | - F C Izzo
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, University Ca' Foscari of Venice, via Torino 155, 30172 Venice, Italy
| | - C Cavinato
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, University Ca' Foscari of Venice, via Torino 155, 30172 Venice, Italy
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Silva JC, Quirós SE, Lombardi AT, Figueroa FL. Biomass, photosynthetic activity, and biomolecule composition in Chlorella fusca (Chlorophyta) cultured in a raceway pond operated under greenhouse conditions. J Biotechnol 2023; 367:98-105. [PMID: 37059304 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2023.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
Raceways are widely used as microalgae culture systems due to their low cost, but they are not the best option for biomass yield. Understanding in situ photosynthetic performance can be a first step to increase their biomass productivity. This study aimed at comparing the real time photosynthetic activity in a greenhouse raceway culture (250L) with discrete measurements under laboratory conditions. We evaluated the photophysiology and biochemical composition of Chlorella fusca culture up to 120h. In situ photosynthetic activity was continuously monitored and compared to discrete ex situ measurements; biochemical compounds were measured daily. The results showed a final biomass density of 0.45gL-1 (5 days - 120h) and an increase of the electron transport rate (ETR) up to 48h but decreased thereafter. When the relative ETR was estimated considering the absorption coefficient (a) positive correlations of this parameter with photosynthetic capacity, cell density, biomass, biocompounds and antioxidant activity were obtained, whereas no correlation was detected without considering a. In situ photosynthesis monitoring showed higher absolute maximal ETR (10 - 160 μmol m-3s-1) than discrete ex situ measurements. We demonstrated the importance of considering the light absorption coefficient for expressing photosynthetic capacity and showed that C. fusca can produce, in the short-term, bioactive compounds that are correlated to photosynthetic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Recursos Naturais, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil.
| | - S E Quirós
- Universidad de Málaga, Instituto de Biotecnología y Desarrollo Azul (IBYDA), Facultad de Ciencias. Campus Univ. Teatinos s/n E-29071 Málaga. Spain
| | - A T Lombardi
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia de Algas, Departamento de Botânica, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - F L Figueroa
- Universidad de Málaga, Instituto de Biotecnología y Desarrollo Azul (IBYDA), Facultad de Ciencias. Campus Univ. Teatinos s/n E-29071 Málaga. Spain
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4
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Semi-continuous cultivation strategy for improving the growth of Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 based on the growth model of volume average light intensity. ALGAL RES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2022.102839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Cultivation and Biorefinery of Microalgae (Chlorella sp.) for Producing Biofuels and Other Byproducts: A Review. SUSTAINABILITY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/su132313480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Microalgae-based carbon dioxide (CO2) biofixation and biorefinery are the most efficient methods of biological CO2 reduction and reutilization. The diversification and high-value byproducts of microalgal biomass, known as microalgae-based biorefinery, are considered the most promising platforms for the sustainable development of energy and the environment, in addition to the improvement and integration of microalgal cultivation, scale-up, harvest, and extraction technologies. In this review, the factors influencing CO2 biofixation by microalgae, including microalgal strains, flue gas, wastewater, light, pH, temperature, and microalgae cultivation systems are summarized. Moreover, the biorefinery of Chlorella biomass for producing biofuels and its byproducts, such as fine chemicals, feed additives, and high-value products, are also discussed. The technical and economic assessments (TEAs) and life cycle assessments (LCAs) are introduced to evaluate the sustainability of microalgae CO2 fixation technology. This review provides detailed insights on the adjusted factors of microalgal cultivation to establish sustainable biological CO2 fixation technology, and the diversified applications of microalgal biomass in biorefinery. The economic and environmental sustainability, and the limitations and needs of microalgal CO2 fixation, are discussed. Finally, future research directions are provided for CO2 reduction by microalgae.
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Zheng M, Dai J, Ji X, Li D, He Y, Wang M, Huang J, Chen B. An integrated semi-continuous culture to treat original swine wastewater and fix carbon dioxide by an indigenous Chlorella vulgaris MBFJNU-1 in an outdoor photobioreactor. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 340:125703. [PMID: 34371337 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This work was the first time to evaluate the ability of an isolated Chlorella vulgaris MBFJNU-1 to remove nutrients of original swine wastewater (OSW) and fix carbon dioxide (CO2) under outdoor conditions in a simultaneous manner using column photobioreactors. The results showed that microalga cultivated at 3% CO2 in a batch mode achieved the highest biomass and CO2 fixation rate. Then, a semi-continuous process for OSW treatment and CO2 fixation simultaneously by microalga was established and the renewal rate of this process was deeply investigated. Microalga cultivated at 3% CO2 and 80% renewal rate gave the highest productivities of total biomass, CO2 fixation and the greatest average removal rates of total nitrogen, N-NH4+, total phosphorus and chemical oxygen demand. Taken together, C. vulgaris MBFJNU-1 was the promising microalga under outdoor conditions for swine wastewater treatment and CO2 fixation simultaneously for biofuels and biofertilizer production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingmin Zheng
- College of Life Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China; Engineering Research Center of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China
| | - Jingxuan Dai
- College of Life Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China
| | - Xiaowei Ji
- College of Life Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China
| | - Daogui Li
- College of Life Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China
| | - Yongjin He
- College of Life Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China; Engineering Research Center of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China.
| | - Mingzi Wang
- College of Life Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China; Engineering Research Center of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China
| | - Jian Huang
- College of Life Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China; Engineering Research Center of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China
| | - Bilian Chen
- College of Life Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China; Engineering Research Center of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China
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You SK, Ko YJ, Shin SK, Hwang DH, Kang DH, Park HM, Han SO. Enhanced CO 2 fixation and lipid production of Chlorella vulgaris through the carbonic anhydrase complex. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 318:124072. [PMID: 32911368 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.124072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Photosynthesis of C. vulgaris shows slow growth and low lipid production due to the low solubility of CO2, and it is thus necessary to increase the dissolved inorganic carbon source to solve this problem. In this study, carbonic anhydrase (CA) was fused with dockerin to form a CA complex by cohesion-dockerin interaction. The CA complex was displayed on the surface of C. vulgaris by a cellulose binding module. The CA complex increased activity and stability compared to those of a single enzyme. Additionally, C. vulgaris showed an average of 1.6-fold rapid growth during log phase through the influence of the CA complex. The bicarbonate produced by the CA complex increased the lipid production about 1.7-fold (23.3%), compared to 13.6% for the control group. The present results suggest that the CA complex successfully enhances the CO2 fixation, which should be an essential study for 4th generation biofuels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Kyou You
- Department of Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Jin Ko
- Department of Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Kyu Shin
- Department of Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Hyeuk Hwang
- Department of Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Hee Kang
- Department of Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeon Min Park
- Department of Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Ok Han
- Department of Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea.
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El-Sheekh MM, Gheda SF, El-Sayed AEKB, Abo Shady AM, El-Sheikh ME, Schagerl M. Outdoor cultivation of the green microalga Chlorella vulgaris under stress conditions as a feedstock for biofuel. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:18520-18532. [PMID: 31049862 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-05108-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The present work investigated the potential of the green alga Chlorella vulgaris to produce high-quality biofuel under culture stress conditions. The cultivation was carried out in a 1000 l open plate tank system, which provides biomass yields comparable to open pond systems, but with less area needed. Algal biomass and lipid content were measured repeatedly. We compared the two solvent systems n-hexane and hexane/isopropanol (HIP) for extraction efficiency of lipids and applied three different extraction methods Soxhlet, soaking, and soaking followed by Soxhlet (soak-Sox). The combination of the HIP solvent and the soak-Sox provided the highest lipid yield (15.8 ± 0.174). Volumetric biomass and lipid productivity were 0.201 g l-1 day-1 and 31.71 mg l-1 day-1, respectively, whereas areal biomass and lipid productivity were 25.73 g m-2 day-1 and 4.066 g m-2 day-1, respectively. The fatty acid profile by means of gas chromatography resulted in seven fatty acids from C12 to C18. The most abundant fatty acid methyl esters (FAMES) were palmitic (C16:0), oleic (C18:1), and stearic (C18:0) acids. Lipid synthesis enhanced by optimizing the Kuhl growth medium with replacing nitrate by urea (50% N compared to the original recipe) increased salt content (10 g/l NaCl), ferrous sulfate (0.5 g/l), and sodium acetate addition (1 g/l). With regard to density, kinematic viscosity, gravity, pour point, flash point, and cetane number, the Chlorella-biodiesel comply with ASTM and EN standards thus pointing at the high potential of lipids synthesized by Chlorella as a feedstock for biodiesel production.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Saly F Gheda
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt.
| | | | - Atef M Abo Shady
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Mai E El-Sheikh
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Michael Schagerl
- Deparment of Limnology and Bio-Oceanography, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, A-1090, Vienna, Austria
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