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Leng W, Li Y, Liang X, Li X, Gao R. Discovery and mechanistic analysis of a novel source protein glutaminase PG5 and its potential application. Food Chem 2024; 457:140121. [PMID: 38905834 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.140121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 06/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024]
Abstract
In this study, we successfully obtained a novel source protein glutaminase PG5 with specific activity of 10.4 U/mg, good tolerance and broad substrate profile through big data retrieval. Structural analysis and site-directed mutagenesis revealed that the catalytic pocket of Mature-PG5 contained a large number of aromatic amino acids and hydrophobic amino acids, and that Ser72 greatly affects the properties of the catalytic pocket and the affinity of PG5 for the substrate. In addition, molecular dynamics analysis revealed that the opening and closing between amino acid residues Gly65 and Thr66 with Cys164 at the catalytic cleft could affect substrate binding and product release. In addition, PG5 effectively improved the solubility of fish myofibrillar proteins under low-salt conditions while enhancing their foaming and emulsification properties. This study offers valuable insights into the catalytic mechanism of PG5, which will contribute to its future directed evolution and application in the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijun Leng
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Ying Li
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Xin Liang
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Xiuting Li
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100048, China.
| | - Ruichang Gao
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
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2
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Zhang W, Xiong S, Ni D, Huang Z, Ding J, Mu W. Engineering Bacillus subtilis for highly efficient production of functional disaccharide lactulose from lactose. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 271:132478. [PMID: 38772465 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 05/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
Bioconversion of lactose to functional lactose derivatives attracts increasing attention. Lactulose is an important high-value lactose derivative, which has been widely used in pharmaceutical, nutraceutical, and food industries. Lactulose can be enzymatically produced from lactose by cellobiose 2-epimerase (CEase). Several studies have already focused on the food-grade expression of CEase, but they are all aimed at the biosynthesis of epilactose. Herein, we reported for the first time the biosynthesis of lactulose using the recombinant food-grade Bacillus subtilis. Lactulose biosynthesis was optimized by varying lactulose-producing CEases and expression vectors. Caldicellulosiruptor saccharolyticus CEase and pP43NMK were determined to be the optimal CEase and expression vector. Fine-tuning of CEase expression was investigated by screening a beneficial N-terminal coding sequence. After fed-batch cultivation, the highest fermentation isomerization activity reached 11.6 U/mL. Lactulose was successfully produced by the broth of the engineered B. subtilis with a yield of 52.1 %.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenli Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Suchun Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Development and Utilization of Biomass Energy, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Dawei Ni
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Zhaolin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Junmei Ding
- Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Development and Utilization of Biomass Energy, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Wanmeng Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China.
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3
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Lu C, Chen Z, Ravikumar Y, Zhang G, Tang X, Zhang Y, Zhao M, Sun W, Qi X. Improving Catalytic Efficiency of L-Arabinose Isomerase from Lactobacillus plantarum CY6 towards D-Galactose by Molecular Modification. Foods 2024; 13:1727. [PMID: 38890956 PMCID: PMC11172353 DOI: 10.3390/foods13111727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
L-Arabinose isomerase (L-AI) has been commonly used as an efficient biocatalyst to produce D-tagatose via the isomerization of D-galactose. However, it remains a significant challenge to efficiently synthesize D-tagatose using the native (wild type) L-AI at an industrial scale. Hence, it is extremely urgent to redesign L-AI to improve its catalytic efficiency towards D-galactose, and herein a structure-based molecular modification of Lactobacillus plantarum CY6 L-AI (LpAI) was performed. Among the engineered LpAI, both F118M and F279I mutants showed an increased D-galactose isomerization activity. Particularly, the specific activity of double mutant F118M/F279I towards D-galactose was increased by 210.1% compared to that of the wild type LpAI (WT). Besides the catalytic activity, the substrate preference of F118M/F279I was also largely changed from L-arabinose to D-galactose. In the enzymatic production of D-tagatose, the yield and conversion ratio of F118M/F279I were increased by 81.2% and 79.6%, respectively, compared to that of WT. Furthermore, the D-tagatose production of whole cells expressing F118M/F279I displayed about 2-fold higher than that of WT cell. These results revealed that the designed site-directed mutagenesis is useful for improving the catalytic efficiency of LpAI towards D-galactose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengyu Lu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Ziwei Chen
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Yuvaraj Ravikumar
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Guoyan Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Xinrui Tang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Yufei Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Mei Zhao
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Wenjing Sun
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Xianghui Qi
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China
- School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, 230 Wai Huan Xi Road, Guangzhou 510006, China
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4
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Ma W, Li F, Li L, Li B, Niu K, Liu Q, Han L, Han L, Fang X. Production of D -tagatose, bioethanol, and microbial protein from the dairy industry by-product whey powder using an integrated bioprocess. Biotechnol J 2024; 19:e2300415. [PMID: 38375553 DOI: 10.1002/biot.202300415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
We designed and constructed a green and sustainable bioprocess to efficiently coproduce D -tagatose, bioethanol, and microbial protein from whey powder. First, a one-pot biosynthesis process involving lactose hydrolysis and D -galactose redox reactions for D -tagatose production was established in vitro via a three-enzyme cascade. Second, a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-dependent galactitol dehydrogenase mutant, D36A/I37R, based on the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide-dependent polyol dehydrogenase from Paracoccus denitrificans was created through rational design and screening. Moreover, an NADPH recycling module was created in the oxidoreductive pathway, and the tagatose yield increased by 3.35-fold compared with that achieved through the pathway without the cofactor cycle. The reaction process was accelerated using an enzyme assembly with a glycine-serine linker, and the tagatose production rate was 9.28-fold higher than the initial yield. Finally, Saccharomyces cerevisiae was introduced into the reaction solution, and 266.5 g of D -tagatose, 162.6 g of bioethanol, and 215.4 g of dry yeast (including 38% protein) were obtained from 1 kg of whey powder (including 810 g lactose). This study provides a promising sustainable process for functional food (D -tagatose) production. Moreover, this process fully utilized whey powder, demonstrating good atom economy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Fengyi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Longyue Li
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Bin Li
- Shandong Henglu Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Kangle Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Qinghua Liu
- Shandong Henglu Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Laichuang Han
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lijuan Han
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Xu Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
- Rongcheng Huihai Chuangda Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Weihai, Shandong, China
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5
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Wang G, Lyu X, Wang L, Wang M, Yang R. Highly efficient production and simultaneous purification of d-tagatose through one-pot extraction-assisted isomerization of d-galactose. Food Chem X 2023; 20:100928. [PMID: 38144734 PMCID: PMC10739900 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2023.100928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
A one-pot extraction-assisted d-galactose-to-d-tagatose isomerization strategy was proposed based on the selective extraction of d-tagatose by phenylborate anions. 4-Vinylphenylboronic acid was selected with high extraction efficiency and selectivity towards d-tagatose. The extracted sugars could be desorbed through a two-staged stripping process with the purity of d-tagatose significantly increased. In-situ extraction-assisted d-galactose-to-d-tagatose isomerization was implemented for the first time ever reported, and the effect of boron-to-sugar ratio (boron: sugar) was investigated. The conversion yield of d-tagatose at 60 °C increased from ∼ 39 % (boron: sugar = 0.5) to ∼ 56 % (boron: sugar = 1) but then decreased to ∼ 44 % (boron: sugar = 1.5). With temperature increased to 70 °C, the conversion yield of d-tagatose was further improved to ∼ 61 % (boron: sugar = 1.5), with the minimized formation of byproducts. Moreover, high purity (∼83 %) and concentrated d-tagatose solution (∼40 g/L) was obtained after sequential desorption. The proposed extraction-assisted isomerization strategy achieved improving the yield and purity of d-tagatose, proving its feasibility in industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangzhen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 214122 Wuxi, China
| | - Xiaomei Lyu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 214122 Wuxi, China
| | - Lu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 214122 Wuxi, China
| | - Mingming Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, 266003 Qingdao, China
| | - Ruijin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 214122 Wuxi, China
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6
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Zhang G, An Y, Zabed HM, Yun J, Parvez A, Zhao M, Zhang C, Ravikumar Y, Li J, Qi X. Rewiring Bacillus subtilis and bioprocess optimization for oxidoreductive reaction-mediated biosynthesis of D-tagatose. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 389:129843. [PMID: 37820967 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
D-tagatose holds significant importance as a functional monosaccharide with diverse applications in food, medicine, and other fields. This study aimed to explore the oxidoreductive pathway for D-tagatose production, surpassing the contemporary isomerization-mediated biosynthesis approach in order to enhance the thermodynamic equilibrium of the reactions. Initially, a novel galactitol dehydrogenase was discovered through biochemical and bioinformatics analyses. By co-expressing the galactitol dehydrogenase and xylose reductase, the oxidoreductive pathway for D-tagatose synthesis was successfully established in Bacillus subtilis. Subsequently, pathway fine-tuning was achieved via promoter regulation and dehydrogenase-mediated cofactor regeneration, resulting in 6.75-fold higher D-tagatose compared to that produced by the strain containing the unmodified promoter. Finally, optimization of fermentation conditions and medium composition produced 39.57 g/L D-tagatose in a fed-batch experiment, with a productivity of 0.33 g/L/h and a yield of 0.55 mol/mol D-galactose. These findings highlight the potential of the constructed redox pathway as an effective approach for D-tagatose production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoyan Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yingfeng An
- College of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, 120 Dongling Road, Shenyang 110161, Liaoning, China
| | - Hossain M Zabed
- School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, 230 Wai Huan Xi Road, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Junhua Yun
- School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, 230 Wai Huan Xi Road, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Amreesh Parvez
- Institute for Microbial Biotechnology and Metagenomics, University of the Western Cape, Robert Sobukwe Road, Bellville 7535, RP, South Africa
| | - Mei Zhao
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Cunsheng Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuvaraj Ravikumar
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jia Li
- School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, 230 Wai Huan Xi Road, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Xianghui Qi
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China; School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, 230 Wai Huan Xi Road, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China.
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7
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Hertel JS, Bitterwolf P, Kröll S, Winterhalter A, Weber AJ, Grösche M, Walkowsky LB, Heißler S, Schwotzer M, Wöll C, van de Kamp T, Zuber M, Baumbach T, Rabe KS, Niemeyer CM. Biocatalytic Foams from Microdroplet-Formulated Self-Assembling Enzymes. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2303952. [PMID: 37358068 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202303952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
Industrial biocatalysis plays an important role in the development of a sustainable economy, as enzymes can be used to synthesize an enormous range of complex molecules under environmentally friendly conditions. To further develop the field, intensive research is being conducted on process technologies for continuous flow biocatalysis in order to immobilize large quantities of enzyme biocatalysts in microstructured flow reactors under conditions that are as gentle as possible in order to realize efficient material conversions. Here, monodisperse foams consisting almost entirely of enzymes covalently linked via SpyCatcher/SpyTag conjugation are reported. The biocatalytic foams are readily available from recombinant enzymes via microfluidic air-in-water droplet formation, can be directly integrated into microreactors, and can be used for biocatalytic conversions after drying. Reactors prepared by this method show surprisingly high stability and biocatalytic activity. The physicochemical characterization of the new materials is described and exemplary applications in biocatalysis are shown using two-enzyme cascades for the stereoselective synthesis of chiral alcohols and the rare sugar tagatose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian S Hertel
- Institute for Biological Interfaces (IBG1), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, D-76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Patrick Bitterwolf
- Institute for Biological Interfaces (IBG1), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, D-76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Sandra Kröll
- Institute for Biological Interfaces (IBG1), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, D-76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Astrid Winterhalter
- Institute for Biological Interfaces (IBG1), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, D-76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Annika J Weber
- Institute for Biological Interfaces (IBG1), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, D-76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Maximilian Grösche
- Institute for Biological Interfaces (IBG1), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, D-76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Laurenz B Walkowsky
- Institute for Biological Interfaces (IBG1), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, D-76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Stefan Heißler
- Institute of Functional Interfaces (IFG), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, D-76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Matthias Schwotzer
- Institute of Functional Interfaces (IFG), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, D-76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Christof Wöll
- Institute of Functional Interfaces (IFG), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, D-76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Thomas van de Kamp
- Institute for Photon Science and Synchrotron Radiation (IPS), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), D-76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
- Laboratory for Applications of Synchrotron Radiation (LAS), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), D-76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Marcus Zuber
- Institute for Photon Science and Synchrotron Radiation (IPS), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), D-76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
- Laboratory for Applications of Synchrotron Radiation (LAS), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), D-76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Tilo Baumbach
- Institute for Photon Science and Synchrotron Radiation (IPS), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), D-76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
- Laboratory for Applications of Synchrotron Radiation (LAS), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), D-76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Kersten S Rabe
- Institute for Biological Interfaces (IBG1), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, D-76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Christof M Niemeyer
- Institute for Biological Interfaces (IBG1), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, D-76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
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8
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Leng W, Wu X, Qi X, Liu H, Yuan L, Gao R. Systematic functional analysis and potential application of a serine protease from cold-adapted Planococcus bacterium. FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fshw.2023.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2023]
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9
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Vélez Blandón JF, Sánchez Henao CP, Zapata Montoya JE, Ochoa S. l-Threonine production from whey and fish hydrolysate by E. coli ATCC® 21277TM. Heliyon 2023; 9:e18744. [PMID: 37609415 PMCID: PMC10440459 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
In this work production of l-threonine by Escherichia coli ATCC® 21277™ has been studied using a mixture of alternative low-cost substrates, which are recognized to be a major pollution problem. Whey was used as the primary carbon source, whereas Red Tilapia (Oreochromis sp.) viscera hydrolysates constituted the nitrogen source. A Box-Behnken Design was used for optimizing l-threonine and biomass production, using temperature and glucose, whey, and Red Tilapia (Oreochromis sp.) viscera hydrolysate contents as factors. Results indicate that biomass production is affected by the concentration of hydrolysate and temperature. On the other hand, l-threonine production is affected by concentration of whey, hydrolysate, and temperature. In this context, it was possible to maximize l-threonine production, but with a detriment on biomass production. The optimal conditions for biomass and l-threonine maximization (after 24 h) were identified and validated experimentally, resulting in biomass and l-threonine production of 0.767 g/L and 0.406 g/L, respectively. This work has shown the technical feasibility of using whey and Red Tilapia (Oreochromis sp.) viscera hydrolysates for the production of l-threonine by E. coli ATCC® 21277TM. Finally, the complications associated to the use of these low-cost complex substrates for the production of l-threonine by E. coli, suggest that more in detail studies (i.e. at the metabolic level) are required in order to propose strategies to increase the process productivity, before its scale up. This is a first step in our long-term goal of developing a production process for i) dealing with the pollution problems caused by those wastes, and ii) strengthen the milk and fish industries which are important poles of the Colombian economy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jhon Fredy Vélez Blandón
- Nutrition and Food Technology Research Group, Pharmaceutical and Food Sciences Faculty, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, 50010, Colombia
| | - Claudia Patricia Sánchez Henao
- Nutrition and Food Technology Research Group, Pharmaceutical and Food Sciences Faculty, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, 50010, Colombia
| | - José Edgar Zapata Montoya
- Nutrition and Food Technology Research Group, Pharmaceutical and Food Sciences Faculty, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, 50010, Colombia
| | - Silvia Ochoa
- SIDCOP Research Group, Engineering Faculty, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, 050010, Colombia
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10
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Jeon EJ, Lee YM, Choi EJ, Kim SB, Jeong KJ. Production of Tagatose by Whole-cell Bioconversion from Fructose Using Corynebacterium glutamicum. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s12257-022-0304-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
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11
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Duan F, Sun T, Zhang J, Wang K, Wen Y, Lu L. Recent innovations in immobilization of β-galactosidases for industrial and therapeutic applications. Biotechnol Adv 2022; 61:108053. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2022.108053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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12
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Zhang G, Zabed HM, An Y, Yun J, Huang J, Zhang Y, Li X, Wang J, Ravikumar Y, Qi X. Biocatalytic conversion of a lactose-rich dairy waste into D-tagatose, D-arabitol and galactitol using sequential whole cell and fermentation technologies. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 358:127422. [PMID: 35688312 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Dairy industry waste has been explored as a cheap and attractive raw material to produce various commercially important rare sugars. In this study, a lactose-rich dairy byproduct, namely cheese whey powder (CWP), was microbially converted into three low caloric sweeteners using whole-cell and fermentation technologies. Firstly, the simultaneous lactose hydrolysis and isomerization of lactose-derived D-galactose into D-tagatose was performed by an engineered Escherichia coli strain co-expressing β-galactosidase and L-arabinose isomerase, which eventually produced 68.35 g/L D-tagatose during sequential feeding of CWP. Subsequently, the mixed syrup containing lactose-derived D-glucose and residual D-galactose was subjected to fermentation by Metschnikowia pulcherrima E1, which produced 60.12 g/L D-arabitol and 28.26 g/L galactitol. The net titer of the three rare sugars was 156.73 g/L from 300 g/L lactose (equivalent to 428.57 g/L CWP), which was equivalent to 1.12 mol product/mol lactose and 52.24% conversion efficiency in terms of lactose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoyan Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hossain M Zabed
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yingfeng An
- College of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, 120 Dongling Road, Shenyang 110161, Liaoning, China
| | - Junhua Yun
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiaqi Huang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yufei Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaolan Li
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiangfei Wang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuvaraj Ravikumar
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xianghui Qi
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China.
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13
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Characterization of l-Arabinose Isomerase from Klebsiella pneumoniae and Its Application in the Production of d-Tagatose from d-Galactose. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12094696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
d-Tagatose, a functional sweetener, is converted from d-galactose by l-arabinose isomerase, which catalyzes the conversion of l-arabinose to l-ribulose. In this study, the araA gene encoding l-arabinose isomerase from Klebsiella pneumoniae was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli, and the expressed enzyme was purified and characterized. The purified l-arabinose isomerase, a soluble protein with 11.6-fold purification and a 22% final yield, displayed a specific activity of 1.8 U/mg for d-galactose and existed as a homohexamer of 336 kDa. The enzyme exhibited maximum activity at pH 8.0 and 40 °C in the presence of Mn2+ and relative activity for pentoses and hexoses in the order l-arabinose > d-galactose > l-ribulose > d-xylulose > d-xylose > d-tagatose > d-glucose. The thermal stability of recombinant E. coli cells expressing l-arabinose isomerase from K. pneumoniae was higher than that of the enzyme. Thus, the reaction conditions of the recombinant cells were optimized to pH 8.0, 50 °C, and 4 g/L cell concentration using 100 g/L d-galactose with 1 mM Mn2+. Under these conditions, 33.5 g/L d-tagatose was produced from d-galactose with 33.5% molar yield and 67 g/L/h productivity. Our findings will help produce d-tagatose using whole-cell reactions, extending its industrial application.
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14
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Zhang S, Xu Z, Ma M, Zhao G, Chang R, Si H, Dai M. A novel Lactococcus lactis l-arabinose isomerase for d-tagatose production from lactose. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.101765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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15
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Abd El-Malek F, Rofeal M, Zabed HM, Nizami AS, Rehan M, Qi X. Microorganism-mediated algal biomass processing for clean products manufacturing: Current status, challenges and future outlook. FUEL 2022; 311:122612. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fuel.2021.122612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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16
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Guo M, Yang C, Li B, Cheng SX, Guo Q, Ming D, Zheng B. Bionic Dormant Body of Timed Wake-Up for Bacteriotherapy in Vivo. ACS NANO 2022; 16:823-836. [PMID: 35025206 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c08377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The microorganism has become a promising therapeutic tool for many diseases because it is a kind of cell factory that can efficiently synthesize a variety of bioactive substances. However, the metabolic destiny of microorganisms is difficult to predict in vivo. Here, a timing bionic dormant body with programmable destiny is reported, which can predict the metabolic time and location of microorganisms in vivo and can prevent it from being damaged by the complex biological environment in vivo. Taking the complex digestive system as an example, the bionic dormant body exists in the upper digestive tract as a nonmetabolic dormant body after oral administration and will be awakened to synthesize bioactive substances about 2 h after reaching the intestine. Compared with oral microorganisms alone, the bioavailability of the biomimetic dormant body in the intestine is almost 3.5 times higher. The utilization rate of the oral bionic dormant body to synthesize drugs is 2.28 times higher than oral drugs. We demonstrated the significant efficacies of treatment using Parkinson's disease (PD) mice by dormant body capable of timed neurotransmitter production after oral delivery. The timed bionic dormant body with programmable destiny may provide an effective technology to generate advanced microbial therapies for the treatment of various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingming Guo
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Neural Engineering, Xincheng Hospital of Tianjin University, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
| | - Chunrui Yang
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Neural Engineering, Xincheng Hospital of Tianjin University, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
- Department of Pathology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300211, P. R. China
| | - Bowen Li
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Neural Engineering, Xincheng Hospital of Tianjin University, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
| | - Shi-Xiang Cheng
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Neural Engineering, Xincheng Hospital of Tianjin University, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
- Healthina Academy of Cellular Intelligence Manufacturing & Neurotrauma Repair, Beijing Tangyi Huikang Biomedical Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing 100010, P. R. China
| | - Qinglu Guo
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Neural Engineering, Xincheng Hospital of Tianjin University, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
| | - Dong Ming
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Neural Engineering, Xincheng Hospital of Tianjin University, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
| | - Bin Zheng
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Neural Engineering, Xincheng Hospital of Tianjin University, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
- Healthina Academy of Cellular Intelligence Manufacturing & Neurotrauma Repair, Beijing Tangyi Huikang Biomedical Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing 100010, P. R. China
- Wenzhou Safety (Emergency) Institute of Tianjin University, Tianjin University, Wenzhou 325000, P. R. China
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17
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Zhang X, Lu R, Wang Q, Hu M, Li Z, Xu M, Yang T, Zhang R, Rao Z. Production of d-Tagatose by Whole-Cell Conversion of Recombinant Bacillus subtilis in the Absence of Antibiotics. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10121343. [PMID: 34943259 PMCID: PMC8698901 DOI: 10.3390/biology10121343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary d-tagatose is a valuable monosaccharide in the food industry produced from lactose by β-galactosidase and arabinose isomerase. To improve its production safety, d-alanine-deficient heterologous gene expression systems were constructed without antibiotics. The integrated expression and co-expression plasmids were used in different systems, also exploiting the need for d-alanine during cellular metabolism. The integration of the β-galactosidase gene in recombinant is uniquely innovative and promising, applying common knockout techniques to the expression of target genes and the production of high-value products. Abstract d-tagatose is a popular functional monosaccharide produced from lactose by β-galactosidase and arabinose isomerase. In this study, two d-alanine-deficient heterologous gene expression systems were constructed, B. subtilis 168 D1 and B. subtilis 168 D2, using overlapping extension PCR and the CRE/loxP system. The lacZ gene for β-galactosidase was integrated into a specific locus of the chassis B. subtilis 168 D2. A mutually complementary plasmid pMA5 with the alanine racemase gene alrA attached to it was constructed and used to assemble recombinant plasmids overexpressing β-galactosidase and arabinose isomerase. Afterward, an integrated recombinant was constructed by the plasmid expressing the arabinose isomerase gene araA of E. coli transform-competent B. subtilis 168 D2 cells. The co-expressing plasmids were introduced into alanine racemase knockout B. subtilis 168 D1. Whole-cell bioconversion was performed using the integrated recombinant with a maximum yield of 96.8 g/L d-tagatose from 500 g/L lactose, and the highest molar conversions were 57.2%. B. subtilis 168 D1/pMA5-alrA-araA-lacZ is capable of single-cell one-step production of d-tagatose. This study provides a new approach to the production of functional sugars.
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18
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L-arabinose isomerase from Lactobacillus parabuchneri and its whole cell biocatalytic application in D-tagatose biosynthesis from D-galactose. FOOD BIOSCI 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2021.101034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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19
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Fokum E, Zabed HM, Ravikumar Y, Elshobary ME, Chandankere R, Zhang Y, Yun J, Qi X. Co-fermentation of glycerol and sugars by Clostridium beijerinckii: Enhancing the biosynthesis of 1,3-propanediol. FOOD BIOSCI 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2021.101028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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20
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Ravikumar Y, Ponpandian LN, Zhang G, Yun J, Qi X. Harnessing -arabinose isomerase for biological production of -tagatose: Recent advances and its applications. Trends Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2020.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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21
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Wang Y, Ravikumar Y, Zhang G, Yun J, Zhang Y, Parvez A, Qi X, Sun W. Biocatalytic Synthesis of D-Allulose Using Novel D-Tagatose 3-Epimerase From Christensenella minuta. Front Chem 2020; 8:622325. [PMID: 33363120 PMCID: PMC7758420 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.622325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
D-allulose, which is one of the important rare sugars, has gained significant attention in the food and pharmaceutical industries as a potential alternative to sucrose and fructose. Enzymes belonging to the D-tagatose 3-epimerase (DTEase) family can reversibly catalyze the epimerization of D-fructose at the C3 position and convert it into D-allulose by a good number of naturally occurring microorganisms. However, microbial synthesis of D-allulose is still at its immature stage in the industrial arena, mostly due to the preference of slightly acidic conditions for Izumoring reactions. Discovery of novel DTEase that works at acidic conditions is highly preferred for industrial applications. In this study, a novel DTEase, DTE-CM, capable of catalyzing D-fructose into D-allulose was applications. In this study, a novel DTEase, DTE-CM, capable of catalyzing D-fructose into D-allulose was DTE-CM on D-fructose was found to be remarkably influenced and modulated by the type of metal ions (co-factors). The DTE-CM on D-fructose was found to be remarkably influenced and modulated by the type of metal ions (co-factors). The 50°C from 0.5 to 3.5 h at a concentration of 0.1 mM. The enzyme exhibited its maximum catalytic activity on D-fructose at pH 6.0 and 50°C from 0.5 to 3.5 h at a concentration of 0.1 mM. The enzyme exhibited its maximum catalytic activity on -fructose at pH 6.0 and 50°C with a K cat /K m value of 45 mM-1min-1. The 500 g/L D-fructose, which corresponded to 30% conversion rate. With these interesting catalytic properties, this enzyme could be a promising candidate for industrial biocatalytic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wang
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yuvaraj Ravikumar
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Guoyan Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Junhua Yun
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yufei Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Amreesh Parvez
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Xianghui Qi
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Wenjing Sun
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
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22
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Jooybari NM, Amini K, Falsafi S. Determining the L-arabinose isomerase in bacilli isolates from Gandom Beryan area of Kerman (Iran) by Molecular method and its cloning in Escherichia coli xl1 blue. GENE REPORTS 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2020.100817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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23
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Shin KC, Lee TE, Seo MJ, Kim DW, Kang LW, Oh DK. Development of Tagaturonate 3-Epimerase into Tagatose 4-Epimerase with a Biocatalytic Route from Fructose to Tagatose. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c02922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kyung-Chul Shin
- Research Institute of Bioactive-Metabolome Network, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Eui Lee
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Ju Seo
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55108, United States
| | - Dae Wook Kim
- Forest Plant Industry Department, Baekdudaegan National Arboretum, Bonghwa 36209, Republic of Korea
| | - Lin-Woo Kang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Deok-Kun Oh
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
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Yang M, Zabed HM, Yun J, Zhang G, Qi X. The Draft Genome Sequence of Clostridium butyricum QXYZ514, a Potent Bacterium for Converting Glycerol into Fuels and Bioproducts in the Waste-Based Biorefinery. Curr Microbiol 2020; 77:3371-3376. [PMID: 32902703 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-020-02182-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
An anaerobic bacterium Clostridium buturicum QXYZ514 was isolated from a pond soil sample located neighboring to a biodiesel factory. This bacterium possesses excellent metabolic features for converting biodiesel-derived glycerol into various bioproducts, including 1,3-propanediol, butyrate, lactate, and acetate, and fuels, like ethanol and butanol. To further improve the yield of the target products and minimize the production of the by-products, the whole genome sequence of this multipurpose strain might provide necessary genetic information, and hence, the complete genome of QXYZ514 strain was sequenced using the PacBio RS II sequencing method. According to the complete genome sequence, the genome of QXYZ514 consisted of two circular chromosomes with a total of 4,636,461 bp, where GC content was found to be 28.76%. Major predicted features of the genome included a total of 4220 coding sequences (CDS), 87 tRNAs genes, and 36 rRNAs genes, which were annotated with the help of different databases for a better understanding of this strain. Six possible CRISPR components were also predicted in the genome. The exploration of the complete genome sequence of the QXYZ514 strain would have the potential to enrich the diversity of this species, and to recognize some significant hydrolytic enzymes, which could provide the references for overcoming the bottlenecks in the biorefinery usage of this bacterium in the valorization of biodiesel-derived glycerol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaomiao Yang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hossain M Zabed
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Junhua Yun
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guoyan Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xianghui Qi
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China.
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25
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A Three-Step Process for the Bioconversion of Whey Permeate into a Glucose-Free D-Tagatose Syrup. Catalysts 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/catal10060647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We have developed a sustainable three-stage process for the revaluation of cheese whey permeate into D-tagatose, a rare sugar with functional properties used as sweetener. The experimental conditions (pH, temperature, cofactors, etc.) for each step were independently optimized. In the first step, concentrated whey containing 180–200 g/L of lactose was fully hydrolyzed by β-galactosidase from Bifidobacterium bifidum (Saphera®) in 3 h at 45 °C. Secondly, glucose was selectively removed by treatment with Pichia pastoris cells for 3 h at 30 °C. The best results were obtained with 350 mg of cells (previously grown for 16 h) per mL of solution. Finally, L-arabinose isomerase US100 from Bacillus stearothermophilus was employed to isomerize D-galactose into D-tagatose at pH 7.5 and 65 °C, in presence of 0.5 mM MnSO4. After 7 h, the concentration of D-tagatose was approximately 30 g/L (33.3% yield, referred to the initial D-galactose present in whey). The proposed integrated process takes place under mild conditions (neutral pH, moderate temperatures) in a short time (13 h), yielding a glucose-free syrup containing D-tagatose and galactose in a ratio 1:2 (w/w).
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26
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Zhang G, An Y, Parvez A, Zabed HM, Yun J, Qi X. Exploring a Highly D-Galactose Specific L-Arabinose Isomerase From Bifidobacterium adolescentis for D-Tagatose Production. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:377. [PMID: 32411693 PMCID: PMC7201074 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
D-Galactose-specific L-arabinose isomerase (L-AI) would have much potential for the enzymatic conversion of D-Galactose into D-tagatose, while most of the reported L-AIs are L-arabinose specific. This study explored a highly D-Galactose-specific L-AI from Bifidobacterium adolescentis (BAAI) for the production of D-tagatose. In the comparative protein-substrate docking for D-Galactose and L-arabinose, BAAI showed higher numbers of hydrogen bonds in D-Galactose-BAAI bonding site than those found in L-arabinose-BAAI bonding site. The activity of BAAI was 24.47 U/mg, and it showed good stability at temperatures up to 65°C and a pH range 6.0–7.5. The Km, Vmax, and Kcat/Km of BAAI were found to be 22.4 mM, 489 U/mg and 9.3 mM–1 min–1, respectively for D-Galactose, while the respective values for L-arabinose were 40.2 mM, 275.1 U/mg, and 8.6 mM–1 min–1. Enzymatic conversion of D-Galactose into D-tagatose by BAAI showed 56.7% conversion efficiency at 55°C and pH 6.5 after 10 h.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoyan Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yingfeng An
- College of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Amreesh Parvez
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Hossain M Zabed
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Junhua Yun
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Xianghui Qi
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
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