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Xu F, Sun D, Wang Z, Li M, Yin X, Li H, Xu L, Zhao J, Bao X. Highly Efficient Production of Cellulosic Ethanol from Poplar Using an Optimal C6/C5 Co-Fermentation Strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Microorganisms 2024; 12:1174. [PMID: 38930556 PMCID: PMC11205669 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12061174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Cellulosic ethanol is the key technology to alleviate the pressure of energy supply and climate change. However, the ethanol production process, which is close to industrial production and has a high saccharification rate and ethanol yield, still needs to be developed. This study demonstrates the effective conversion of poplar wood waste into fuel-grade ethanol. By employing a two-step pretreatment using sodium chlorite (SC)-dilute sulfuric acid (DSA), the raw material achieved a sugar conversion rate exceeding 85% of the theoretical value. Under optimized conditions, brewing yeast co-utilizing C6/C5 enabled a yield of 35 g/L ethanol from 10% solid loading delignified poplar hydrolysate. We increased the solid loading to enhance the final ethanol concentration and optimized both the hydrolysis and fermentation stages. With 20% solid loading delignified poplar hydrolysate, the final ethanol concentration reached 60 g/L, a 71.4% increase from the 10% solid loading. Our work incorporates the pretreatment, enzymatic hydrolysis, and fermentation stages to establish a simple, crude poplar waste fuel ethanol process, expanding the range of feedstocks for second-generation fuel ethanol production.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jianzhi Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, 3501 Daxue Road, Jinan 250353, China
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Shakeel U, Zhang Y, Liang C, Wang W, Qi W. Unrevealing the influence of reagent properties on disruption and digestibility of lignocellulosic biomass during alkaline pretreatment. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 266:131193. [PMID: 38552703 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024]
Abstract
Beyond the conventional consideration of pretreatment severity (PS) responsible for biomass disruption, the influence of reagent properties on biomass (LCB) disruption is often overlooked. To investigate the LCB disruption as a function of reagent properties, reagents with distinct cations (NaOH and KOH) and significantly higher delignification potential were chosen. NaOH solution (3 % w/v) with a measured pH of 13.05 ± 0.01 is considered the reference, against which a KOH solution (pH = 13.05 ± 0.01) was prepared for LCB pretreatment under the same PS. Despite comparable lignin content, varying glucose yield of NaOH (68.76 %) and KOH (46.88 %) pretreated residues indicated the presence of heterogeneously disrupted substrate. Holocellulose extracted from raw poplar (ASC, control) and alkaline pretreated residues (C-NaOH and C-KOH) were analyzed using HPLC, XRD, SEM, TGA/DTG, XPS, and 13CP MAS NMR to investigate the pretreatment-induced structural modification. Results revealed that, despite the same pretreatment severity, better disruption in C-NaOH (higher accessible fibril surface and less-ordered region) leading to higher digestibility than C-KOH, likely due to the smaller ionic radius of Na+, facilitates better penetration into dense LCB matrix. This study elucidates the importance of considering the reagent properties during LCB pretreatment, eventually enhancing consciousness while selecting reagents for efficient LCB utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Usama Shakeel
- Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangzhou 510640, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangzhou 510640, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Cuiyi Liang
- Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangzhou 510640, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Wen Wang
- Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangzhou 510640, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Wei Qi
- Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangzhou 510640, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou 510640, China.
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Qiao H, Wang Y, Ma Z, Han M, Zheng Z, Ouyang J. In-depth investigation of formic acid pretreatment for various biomasses: Chemical properties, structural features, and enzymatic hydrolysis. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 374:128747. [PMID: 36804857 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.128747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Formic acid pretreatment is a promising approach for fractionating biomass, and it has the advantages of efficient recycling and removal of hemicellulose and lignin. Biomass is one of the most plentiful resources on earth, yet its chemical structure differs significantly between woody and herbaceous biomass. The influence of formic acid pretreatment on the fractionation of woody and herbaceous biomasses, as well as changes in physical-chemical properties, was investigated in this study. The results indicated that formic acid is universal in the biorefinery of different biomass, however, herbaceous biomass had greater xylan and lignin removal than woody biomass (especially softwood). Formic acid pretreatment not only considerably improved the enzymatic efficiency of herbaceous biomass, but also had a good effect on the enzymatic efficiency of poplar. This study also found that the correlation between residual xylan content and enzymatic efficiency after pretreatment was much higher than that of lignin content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Qiao
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Wang
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, People's Republic of China
| | - Zewen Ma
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingyang Han
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaojuan Zheng
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia Ouyang
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, People's Republic of China.
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Banu Jamaldheen S, Kurade MB, Basak B, Yoo CG, Oh KK, Jeon BH, Kim TH. A review on physico-chemical delignification as a pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass for enhanced bioconversion. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 346:126591. [PMID: 34929325 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Effective pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass (LCB) is one of the most important steps in biorefinery, ensuring the quality and commercial viability of the overall bioprocess. Lignin recalcitrance in LCB is a major bottleneck in biological conversion as the polymerization of lignin with hemicellulose hinders enzyme accessibility and further bioconversion to fuels and chemicals. Therefore, there is a need to delignify LCB to ease further bioprocessing. The efficiency of delignification, quality and quantity of the desired products, and generation of inhibitors depend upon the type of pretreatment employed. This review summarizes different single and integrated physicochemical pretreatments for delignification. Additionally, conditions required for effective delignification and the advantages and drawbacks of each method were evaluated. Advances in overcoming the recalcitrance of residual lignin to saccharification and the methods to recover lignin after delignification are also discussed. Efficient lignin recovery and valorization strategies provide an avenue for the sustainable lignocellulose biorefinery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumitha Banu Jamaldheen
- Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Mayur B Kurade
- Department of Earth Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, 222-Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Bikram Basak
- Department of Earth Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, 222-Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Geun Yoo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, State University of New York, College of Environmental Science and Forestry, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
| | - Kyeong Keun Oh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Dankook University, Youngin 16890, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Byong-Hun Jeon
- Department of Earth Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, 222-Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Hyun Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do 15588, Republic of Korea.
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Zhang F, Lan W, Li Z, Zhang A, Tang B, Wang H, Wang X, Ren J, Liu C. Co-production of functional xylo-oligosaccharides and fermentable sugars from corn stover through fast and facile ball mill-assisted alkaline peroxide pretreatment. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 337:125327. [PMID: 34118741 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to develop a feasible ball mill-assisted alkaline peroxide pretreatment followed by stepwise hydrolysis to improve the yield of xylo-oligosaccharides (XOS) and fermentable sugars. The hydrogen peroxide charge, ball-milling time, and solid-to-liquid ratio affected the compositions, particle sizes, morphology, and crystallinity of the corn stover, directly improving the following hydrolytic efficiency. The optimal pretreatment was with 0.45 g/g (H2O2: substrate) and 1:3 solid-to-liquid ratio (w/v) for 1.0 h ball-milling, resulting in 84.29% delignification. Physicochemical properties of the pretreated samples were characterized and their correlations to the enzymatic hydrolysis were revealed. Compared with one-step cellulase hydrolysis, the two-step xylanase-cellulase hydrolysis of the pretreated corn stover showed significant advance in preparing XOS, producing 69.65% (on the base of xylan content in pretreated sample) of XOS, along with 20.55% xylose, 68.94% glucose, and 21.15% gluco-oligosaccharides. The yield of XOS was 2-7 times higher than those in previous studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fulong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Wu Lan
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Zengyong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Aiping Zhang
- College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Baoling Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Huihui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Xiaoying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Junli Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Chuanfu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
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Zheng Y, Yu Y, Lin W, Jin Y, Yong Q, Huang C. Enhancing the enzymatic digestibility of bamboo residues by biphasic phenoxyethanol-acid pretreatment. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 325:124691. [PMID: 33461121 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.124691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The high content of lignin in bamboo is considered as the major obstacle for its biorefining. In this work, a green, lignin-selective, and recyclable solvent of phenoxyethanol was coupled with acid solution to deconstruct recalcitrant structure of bamboo residues (BR) to boost its enzymatic digestibility. Results showed phenoxyethanol has excellent lignin-removal ability from 29.4% to 91.6% when phenoxyethanol:acid ratios increased from 0:1 to 4:1 at 120 °C. 82.5%-87.8% of cellulose was preserved in pretreated BR. The enzymatic digestibility of BR significantly improved from 20.0% to 91.3% when it was pretreated under optimized conditions. With lower enzyme dosages (10 FPU/g) and 5 recycled using of pretreatment liquor, pretreated BR still showed a good enzymatic digestibility of 67.4%-93.7% and 67.1-76.8%, respectively. Examination of physicochemical changes revealed that improvements to accessibility, reduction of crystallite size, decrease of surface lignin and hydrophobicity for pretreated BR showed positive correlations (R2 > 0.7) with their enzymatic digestibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yayue Zheng
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Yuxin Yu
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Wenqian Lin
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Yongcan Jin
- Department of Paper Science and Technology, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Qiang Yong
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Caoxing Huang
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
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