1
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Xie X, Chen Y, Zhang T, Shi Y, Ming D, Jiang L. Reinforcing thermostability and pH robustness of exo-inulinase facilitated by ReverseTag/ReverseCatcher tagging system. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 278:134502. [PMID: 39127271 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.134502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2024] [Revised: 08/03/2024] [Accepted: 08/03/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
Enhancing protein stability is pivotal in the field of protein engineering. Protein self-cyclization using peptide a tagging system has emerged as an effective strategy for augmenting the thermostability of target proteins. In this study, we utilized a novel peptide tagging system, ReverseTag/ReverseCatcher, which leverages intramolecular ester bond formation. Initially, we employed GFP as a model to validate the feasibility of cyclization mediated by ReverseTag/ReverseCatcher in improving the protein thermostability. Cyclized GFP (cGFP) retained 30 % of its relative fluorescence after a 30-min incubation at 100 °C, while both GFP and linear GFP (lGFP) completely lost their fluorescence within 5 min. Additionally, we applied this method to exo-inulinase (EXINU), resulting in a variant named cyclized EXINU (cEXINU). The T50 and t1/2 values of cEXINU exhibited significant enhancements of 10 °C and 10 min, respectively, compared to EXINU. Furthermore, post-cyclization, EXINU demonstrated a broad operational pH range from 5 to 10 with sustained catalytic activity, and cEXINU maintained a half-life of 960 min at pH 5 and 9. Molecular dynamics simulations were conducted to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the enhanced thermostability and pH robustness of EXINU following cyclization. This study highlights that cyclization substanitially enhances the stability of both highly stable protein GFP and low-stable protein EXINU, mediated by the ReverseTag/ReverseCatcher tagging system. The ReverseTag/ReverseCatcher tagging system proves to be a potent conjugation method, with potential applications in improving thermostability, pH robustness, and other areas of protein engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xixi Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Yao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China; College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Tongrong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Yi Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Dengming Ming
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Ling Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China.
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2
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Arya M, Chauhan G, Fatima T, Verma D, Sharma M. Statistical Modelling of Thermostable Cellulase Production Conditions of Thermophilic Geobacillus sp. TP-1 Isolated from Tapovan Hot Springs of the Garhwal Himalayan Mountain Ranges, India. Indian J Microbiol 2024; 64:1132-1143. [PMID: 39282208 PMCID: PMC11399532 DOI: 10.1007/s12088-024-01258-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 09/18/2024] Open
Abstract
A thermo-alkali stable cellulase from Geobacillus sp. TP-1 was isolated from Tapovan hot spring soil sample. The BLASTn sequence analysis of 16S rRNA sequence revealed that the isolate belonged to the Geobacillus genus and shared the highest degree of sequence similarity (99.43%) with the different strains of Geobacillus subterraneus. The neighbour joining method of multiple sequence alignment revealed that the 16S rRNA sequence of Geobacillus sp. TP-1 shows maximum similarity with Geobacillus stearothermophilus strain S_YE6-1017-022. One-Factor-At-a-Time analysis was used to optimize the carbon source, nitrogen source, pH, temperature, inoculum size and growth profile with respect to cellulase production. When compared to un-optimized basal media, optimised medium increased cellulase production by around 3.6 times. The Plackett Burman factorial design was employed to identify the critical medium components influencing cellulase activity and temperature was determined to have a significant effect on overall cellulase production. The current strain was capable of utilising lignocellulosic waste as an alternative carbon source. The use of sugarcane molasses and wheat bran as carbon sources resulted in a significant increase (~ 7.2 fold) in cellulase production in the current study, indicating the bacterium's potential for valorising lignocellulosic biomass into value-added products, which encourages its use in lignocellulosic-based bio refineries. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12088-024-01258-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meghna Arya
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226025 India
| | - Garima Chauhan
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226025 India
| | - Tazeem Fatima
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226025 India
| | - Digvijay Verma
- Department of Environmental Microbiology, School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226025 India
| | - Monica Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226025 India
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3
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Wang Y, Wang Q, Shan X, Wu Y, Hou S, Zhang A, Hou Y. Characteristics of cold-adapted carbonic anhydrase and efficient carbon dioxide capture based on cell surface display technology. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 399:130539. [PMID: 38458264 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.130539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Carbonic anhydrase (CA) is currently under investigation because of its potential to capture CO2. A novel N-domain of ice nucleoproteins (INPN)-mediated surface display technique was developed to produce CA with low-temperature capture CO2 based on the mining and characterization of Colwellia sp. CA (CsCA) with cold-adapted enzyme structural features and catalytic properties. CsCA and INPN were effectively integrated into the outer membrane of the cell as fusion proteins. Throughout the display process, the integrity of the membrane of engineered bacteria BL21/INPN-CsCA was maintained. Notably, the study affirmed positive applicability, wherein 94 % activity persisted after 5 d at 15 °C, and 73 % of the activity was regained after 5 cycles of CO2 capture. BL21/INPN-CsCA displayed a high CO2 capture capacity of 52 mg of CaCO3/mg of whole-cell biocatalysts during CO2 mineralization at 25 °C. Therefore, the CsCA functional cell surface display technology could contribute significantly to environmentally friendly CO2 capture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yatong Wang
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai 264209, China
| | - Quanfu Wang
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China; School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai 264209, China
| | - Xuejing Shan
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai 264209, China
| | - Yuwei Wu
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai 264209, China
| | - Shumiao Hou
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai 264209, China
| | - Ailin Zhang
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Yanhua Hou
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China; School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai 264209, China.
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4
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Miranda J, Lefin N, Beltran JF, Belén LH, Tsipa A, Farias JG, Zamorano M. Enzyme Engineering Strategies for the Bioenhancement of L-Asparaginase Used as a Biopharmaceutical. BioDrugs 2023; 37:793-811. [PMID: 37698749 DOI: 10.1007/s40259-023-00622-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
Over the past few years, there has been a surge in the industrial production of recombinant enzymes from microorganisms due to their catalytic characteristics being highly efficient, selective, and biocompatible. L-asparaginase (L-ASNase) is an enzyme belonging to the class of amidohydrolases that catalyzes the hydrolysis of L-asparagine into L-aspartic acid and ammonia. It has been widely investigated as a biologic agent for its antineoplastic properties in treating acute lymphoblastic leukemia. The demand for L-ASNase is mainly met by the production of recombinant type II L-ASNase from Escherichia coli and Erwinia chrysanthemi. However, the presence of immunogenic proteins in L-ASNase sourced from prokaryotes has been known to result in adverse reactions in patients undergoing treatment. As a result, efforts are being made to explore strategies that can help mitigate the immunogenicity of the drug. This review gives an overview of recent biotechnological breakthroughs in enzyme engineering techniques and technologies used to improve anti-leukemic L-ASNase, taking into account the pharmacological importance of L-ASNase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javiera Miranda
- Chemical Engineering Department, Universidad de la Frontera, Francisco Salazar 1145, 4811230, Temuco, Región de la Araucanía, Chile
| | - Nicolás Lefin
- Chemical Engineering Department, Universidad de la Frontera, Francisco Salazar 1145, 4811230, Temuco, Región de la Araucanía, Chile
| | - Jorge F Beltran
- Chemical Engineering Department, Universidad de la Frontera, Francisco Salazar 1145, 4811230, Temuco, Región de la Araucanía, Chile
| | - Lisandra Herrera Belén
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Santo Tomas, Santiago, Chile
| | - Argyro Tsipa
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Jorge G Farias
- Chemical Engineering Department, Universidad de la Frontera, Francisco Salazar 1145, 4811230, Temuco, Región de la Araucanía, Chile
| | - Mauricio Zamorano
- Chemical Engineering Department, Universidad de la Frontera, Francisco Salazar 1145, 4811230, Temuco, Región de la Araucanía, Chile.
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5
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Khiari O, Bouzemi N, Sánchez-Montero JM, Alcántara AR. Easy and Versatile Technique for the Preparation of Stable and Active Lipase-Based CLEA-like Copolymers by Using Two Homofunctional Cross-Linking Agents: Application to the Preparation of Enantiopure Ibuprofen. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13664. [PMID: 37686470 PMCID: PMC10487927 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
An easy and versatile method was designed and applied successfully to obtain access to lipase-based cross-linked-enzyme aggregate-like copolymers (CLEA-LCs) using one-pot, consecutive cross-linking steps using two types of homobifunctional cross-linkers (glutaraldehyde and putrescine), mediated with amine activation through pH alteration (pH jump) as a key step in the process. Six lipases were utilised in order to assess the effectiveness of the technique, in terms of immobilization yields, hydrolytic activities, thermal stability and application in kinetic resolution. A good retention of catalytic properties was found for all cases, together with an important thermal and storage stability improvement. Particularly, the CLEA-LCs derived from Candida rugosa lipase showed an outstanding behaviour in terms of thermostability and capability for catalysing the enantioselective hydrolysis of racemic ibuprofen ethyl ester, furnishing the eutomer (S)-ibuprofen with very high conversion and enantioselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oussama Khiari
- Eco Compatible Asymmetric Catalysis Laboratory (LCAE), Department of Chemistry, Badji Mokhtar University, Annaba 23000, Algeria; (O.K.); (N.B.)
- Department of Chemistry in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacy Faculty, Complutense University of Madrid (UCM), Ciudad Universitaria, Plaza de Ramon y Cajal, s/n., 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Nassima Bouzemi
- Eco Compatible Asymmetric Catalysis Laboratory (LCAE), Department of Chemistry, Badji Mokhtar University, Annaba 23000, Algeria; (O.K.); (N.B.)
| | - José María Sánchez-Montero
- Department of Chemistry in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacy Faculty, Complutense University of Madrid (UCM), Ciudad Universitaria, Plaza de Ramon y Cajal, s/n., 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Andrés R. Alcántara
- Department of Chemistry in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacy Faculty, Complutense University of Madrid (UCM), Ciudad Universitaria, Plaza de Ramon y Cajal, s/n., 28040 Madrid, Spain
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6
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Miao H, Xiang X, Han N, Wu Q, Huang Z. Improving the Thermostability of Serine Protease PB92 from Bacillus alcalophilus via Site-Directed Mutagenesis Based on Semi-Rational Design. Foods 2023; 12:3081. [PMID: 37628080 PMCID: PMC10453622 DOI: 10.3390/foods12163081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Proteases have been widely employed in many industrial processes. In this work, we aimed to improve the thermostability of the serine protease PB92 from Bacillus alcalophilus to meet the high-temperature requirements of biotechnological treatments. Eight mutation sites (N18, S97-S101, E110, and R143) were identified, and 21 mutants were constructed from B-factor comparison and multiple sequence alignment and expressed via Bacillus subtilis. Among them, fifteen mutants exhibited increased half-life (t1/2) values at 65 °C (1.13-31.61 times greater than that of the wild type). Based on the composite score of enzyme activity and thermostability, six complex mutants were implemented. The t1/2 values of these six complex mutants were 2.12-10.05 times greater than that of the wild type at 65 °C. In addition, structural analysis revealed that the increased thermal stability of complex mutants may be related to the formation of additional hydrophobic interactions due to increased hydrophobicity and the decreased flexibility of the structure. In brief, the thermal stability of the complex mutants N18L/R143L/S97A, N18L/R143L/S99L, and N18L/R143L/G100A was increased 4-fold, which reveals application potential in industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huabiao Miao
- Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Development and Utilization of Biomass Energy, Ministry of Education, Kunming 650500, China
- School of Life Science, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Xia Xiang
- School of Life Science, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Nanyu Han
- Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Development and Utilization of Biomass Energy, Ministry of Education, Kunming 650500, China
- School of Life Science, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Qian Wu
- Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Development and Utilization of Biomass Energy, Ministry of Education, Kunming 650500, China
- School of Life Science, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Zunxi Huang
- Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Development and Utilization of Biomass Energy, Ministry of Education, Kunming 650500, China
- School of Life Science, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, China
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7
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Vasić K, Knez Ž, Leitgeb M. Transglutaminase in Foods and Biotechnology. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12402. [PMID: 37569776 PMCID: PMC10419021 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Stabilization and reusability of enzyme transglutaminase (TGM) are important goals for the enzymatic process since immobilizing TGM plays an important role in different technologies and industries. TGM can be used in many applications. In the food industry, it plays a role as a protein-modifying enzyme, while, in biotechnology and pharmaceutical applications, it is used in mediated bioconjugation due to its extraordinary crosslinking ability. TGMs (EC 2.3.2.13) are enzymes that catalyze the formation of a covalent bond between a free amino group of protein-bound or peptide-bound lysine, which acts as an acyl acceptor, and the γ-carboxamide group of protein-bound or peptide-bound glutamine, which acts as an acyl donor. This results in the modification of proteins through either intramolecular or intermolecular crosslinking, which improves the use of the respective proteins significantly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katja Vasić
- Laboratory for Separation Processes and Product Design, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor, Smetanova Ulica 17, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia; (K.V.); (Ž.K.)
| | - Željko Knez
- Laboratory for Separation Processes and Product Design, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor, Smetanova Ulica 17, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia; (K.V.); (Ž.K.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Taborska Ulica 8, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Maja Leitgeb
- Laboratory for Separation Processes and Product Design, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor, Smetanova Ulica 17, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia; (K.V.); (Ž.K.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Taborska Ulica 8, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia
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8
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Lefin N, Miranda J, Beltrán JF, Belén LH, Effer B, Pessoa A, Farias JG, Zamorano M. Current state of molecular and metabolic strategies for the improvement of L-asparaginase expression in heterologous systems. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1208277. [PMID: 37426818 PMCID: PMC10323146 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1208277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Heterologous expression of L-asparaginase (L-ASNase) has become an important area of research due to its clinical and food industry applications. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the molecular and metabolic strategies that can be used to optimize the expression of L-ASNase in heterologous systems. This article describes various approaches that have been employed to increase enzyme production, including the use of molecular tools, strain engineering, and in silico optimization. The review article highlights the critical role that rational design plays in achieving successful heterologous expression and underscores the challenges of large-scale production of L-ASNase, such as inadequate protein folding and the metabolic burden on host cells. Improved gene expression is shown to be achievable through the optimization of codon usage, synthetic promoters, transcription and translation regulation, and host strain improvement, among others. Additionally, this review provides a deep understanding of the enzymatic properties of L-ASNase and how this knowledge has been employed to enhance its properties and production. Finally, future trends in L-ASNase production, including the integration of CRISPR and machine learning tools are discussed. This work serves as a valuable resource for researchers looking to design effective heterologous expression systems for L-ASNase production as well as for enzymes production in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolás Lefin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Science and Engineering Faculty, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Javiera Miranda
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Science and Engineering Faculty, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Jorge F. Beltrán
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Science and Engineering Faculty, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Lisandra Herrera Belén
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Santo Tomas, Santiago, Chile
| | - Brian Effer
- Center of Excellence in Translational Medicine and Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Adalberto Pessoa
- Department of Biochemical and Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jorge G. Farias
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Science and Engineering Faculty, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Mauricio Zamorano
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Science and Engineering Faculty, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
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9
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Zhang A, Hou Y, Wang Y, Wang Q, Shan X, Liu J. Highly efficient low-temperature biodegradation of polyethylene microplastics by using cold-active laccase cell-surface display system. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 382:129164. [PMID: 37207695 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
To eliminate efficiency restriction of polyethylene microplastics low-temperature biodegradation, a novel InaKN-mediated Escherichia coli surface display platform for cold-active degrading laccase PsLAC production was developed. Display efficiency of 88.0% for engineering bacteria BL21/pET-InaKN-PsLAC was verified via subcellular extraction and protease accessibility, exhibiting an activity load of 29.6 U/mg. Cell growth and membrane integrity revealed BL21/pET-InaKN-PsLAC maintained stable growth and intact membrane structure during the display process. The favorable applicability was confirmed, with 50.0% activity remaining in 4 days at 15 °C, and 39.0% activity recovery retention after 15 batches of activity substrate oxidation reactions. Moreover, BL21/pET-InaKN-PsLAC possessed high polyethylene low-temperature depolymerizing capacity. Bioremediation experiments proved that the degradation rate was 48.0% within 48 h at 15 °C, and reached 66.0% after 144 h. Collectively, cold-active PsLAC functional surface display technology and its significant contributions to polyethylene microplastics low-temperature degradation constitute an effective improvement strategy for biomanufacturing and microplastics cold remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ailin Zhang
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Yanhua Hou
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai 264209, China
| | - Yatong Wang
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai 264209, China.
| | - Quanfu Wang
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China; School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai 264209, China.
| | - Xuejing Shan
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai 264209, China
| | - Jianan Liu
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai 264209, China
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10
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Gladilina YA, Shishparenok AN, Zhdanov DD. [Approaches for improving L-asparaginase expression in heterologous systems]. BIOMEDITSINSKAIA KHIMIIA 2023; 69:19-38. [PMID: 36857424 DOI: 10.18097/pbmc20236901019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
L-asparaginase (EC 3.5.1.1) is one of the most demanded enzymes used in the pharmaceutical industry as a drug and in the food industry to prevent the formation of toxic acrylamide. Researchers aimed to improve specific activity and reduce side effects to create safer and more potent enzyme products. However, protein modifications and heterologous expression remain problematic in the production of asparaginases from different species. Heterologous expression in optimized producer strains is rationally organized; therefore, modified and heterologous protein expression is enhanced, which is the main strategy in the production of asparaginase. This strategy solves several problems: incorrect protein folding, metabolic load on the producer strain and codon misreading, which affects translation and final protein domains, leading to a decrease in catalytic activity. The main approaches developed to improve the heterologous expression of L-asparaginases are considered in this paper.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - D D Zhdanov
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Moscow, Russia
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11
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Sharma A, Balda S, Capalash N, Sharma P. Engineering multifunctional enzymes for agro-biomass utilization. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 347:126706. [PMID: 35033642 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.126706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Lignocellulosic biomass is a plentiful renewable resource that can be converted into a wide range of high-value-added industrial products. However, the complexity of its structural integrity is one of the major constraints and requires combinations of different fibrolytic enzymes for the cost-effective, industrially and environmentally feasible transformation. An interesting approach is constructing multifunctional enzymes, either in a single polypeptide or by joining multiple domains with linkers and performing diverse reactions simultaneously, in a single host. The production of such chimera proteins multiplies the advantages of different enzymatic reactions in a single setup, in lesser time, at lower production cost and with desirable and improved catalytic activities. This review embodies the various domain-tailoring and extracellular secretion strategies, possible solutions to their challenges, and efforts to experimentally connect different catalytic activities in a single host, as well as their applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aarjoo Sharma
- Department of Microbiology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Sanjeev Balda
- Department of Microbiology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Neena Capalash
- Department of Biotechnology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Prince Sharma
- Department of Microbiology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India.
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12
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Analysis of structural and biomimetic characteristics of the green-synthesized Fe3O4 nanozyme from the fruit peel extract of Punica granatum. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-022-02130-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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13
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Wang TN, Hu XG, Chen GX. Uses of knockout, knockdown, and transgenic models in the studies of glucose transporter 4. World J Meta-Anal 2022; 10:1-11. [DOI: 10.13105/wjma.v10.i1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Currently, glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) has been considered as the key player for the insulin-stimulated glucose transport in the muscle and adipose tissues. The development of recombinant DNA techniques allows the creations of genetically knockout, knockdown and transgenic animals and cells for the study of GLUT4’s physiological functions. Here, we have used key words to search the PubMed and summarized the methods used in Slc2a4 gene knockout, GLUT4 knockdown and overexpression in the whole body and tissue specific manner. The whole body GLUT4-null mice have growth retardation, but normal glucose tolerance and basal glucose turnover rates. Compared with whole body Slc2a4 knockout mice, adipose and muscle double knockout mice have impaired insulin tolerance and glucose intolerance. The results of GLUT4 knockdown in 3T3-L1 adipocytes have shown that its expression is needed for lipogenesis after, but not during, differentiation. Transgenic mice with the whole body GLUT4 overexpression have normal body weight and lowered blood glucose level. The adipose tissue specific overexpression of GLUT4 leads to increases in mouse body weight and adipose tissue weight. The insulin-stimulated GLUT4 translocation in the skeletal muscle contributes to the regulation of glucose homeostasis. Data from both transgenic overexpression and tissue specific Slc2a4 knockout indicate that GLUT4 probably plays a role in the glucose uptake in the fasting state. More studies are warranted to use advanced molecular biology tools to decipher the roles of GLUT4 in the control of glucose homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Nan Wang
- Department of Nutrition, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, United States
| | - Xin-Ge Hu
- Department of Nutrition, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, United States
| | - Guo-Xun Chen
- Department of Nutrition, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, United States
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Qi W, Yu H. Virus-templated magnetic composite hydrogels for surface immobilization of mimic-free-lipase. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:17871-17880. [PMID: 34673862 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr03571a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Surface immobilization of enzymes on magnetic-recoverable carriers is of great interest and importance for the biocatalysis of relatively large molecules. In this work, the nanosized amino-rich filamentous M13 virus, a versatile biological scaffold, was applied as the unique soft backbone for lipase immobilization. Based on the structure and capsid proteins of M13 phages, the magnetic-recoverable mimic-free-lipases (MFLs) composed of the M13 hydrogels and magnetic particles were developed in two designs. In the first design, nanosized wild M13 phages were crosslinked into a phage hydrogel through the N-terminals of pVIII peptides while NH2-Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) were attached to the M13 virus through glutaraldehyde, forming the M13-(NH2-Fe3O4) magnetic phage hydrogel. In the second design, special M13 with Fe3O4 affinity pIII-peptide (FAP-M13) was biopanned for strongly binding towards bare Fe3O4 with the "hook"-like pIII-peptide (N-LPLSTQH-C). TEM observation confirmed the direct grasp of FAP-M13 on bare Fe3O4, forming the magnetic (FAP-M13)-Fe3O4 virus hydrogel. Lipases were uniformly anchored on the phage surface of nanoscale by crosslinking with the N-terminals of pVIII peptides, and then lipase@M13-(NH2-Fe3O4) and lipase@(FAP-M13)-Fe3O4 MFLs were constructed. For both MFLs, high activity recovery yield (>95%) and efficient magnetic separation were characterized. Significantly reduced MNP-usage-amount and enhanced lipase-loading-amount both by about 40 folds were obtained, compared with the conventional NH2-Fe3O4 carriers. The quantified Km and Vmax/Km values were almost equal to those of the free lipases, verifying free-enzyme-mimicking features of the MFLs. High pH-tolerance, wide temperature adaptability, enhanced thermal stability and stable magnetic separation capability of both MFLs were also observed. In particular, the (FAP-M13)-Fe3O4 magnetic virus hydrogel simply using bare Fe3O4 MNPs would be more convenient and economical in the scaled-up biocatalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Qi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China.
| | - Huimin Yu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China.
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15
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Thakur N, Nath AK, Chauhan A, Gupta R. Purification, characterization, and antifungal activity of Bacillus cereus strain NK91 chitinase from rhizospheric soil samples of Himachal Pradesh, India. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2021; 69:1830-1842. [PMID: 34486170 DOI: 10.1002/bab.2250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Newly isolated Bacillus cereus strain NK91 was characterized for extracellular chitinase production. Partially purified chitinase showed a molecular weight of 43.7 kDa in SDS-PAGE analysis. The optimum pH and temperature for the partially purified enzyme were 7.0 and 40°C, respectively. The addition of Mn2+ resulted in a 21% increase in enzyme activity as compared to the control. The Vmax and Km of the enzyme were determined as 76.9 μmol/min and 0.07 mg/mL, respectively. This enzyme exhibited stronger antifungal activity towards Fusarium oxysporum (66.7%), Rhizoctonia solani (64.6%), and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (63%), and transmission electron microscopy and scanning transmission electron microscopy analysis showed considerable changes in cell wall structure with the treatment of purified chitinase as compared to control. Therefore, this enzyme reveals its biocontrol potential against potent phytopathogens in agriculture that can be helpful in swapping harmful as well as expensive fungicides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nirja Thakur
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Horticulture, Dr. Y. S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, 173 230, India
| | - Amarjit K Nath
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Horticulture, Dr. Y. S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, 173 230, India
| | - Anjali Chauhan
- Department of Soil Science and Water Management, College of Forestry, Dr Y r University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan, 173 230, India
| | - Rakesh Gupta
- Directorate of Research, Dr. Y. S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan, 173 230, India
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Sakhuja D, Ghai H, Rathour RK, Kumar P, Bhatt AK, Bhatia RK. Cost-effective production of biocatalysts using inexpensive plant biomass: a review. 3 Biotech 2021; 11:280. [PMID: 34094799 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-021-02847-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Enzymes are the complex protein moieties, catalyze the rate of chemical reactions by transforming various substrates to specific products and play an integral part in multiple biochemical cycles. Advancement in enzyme research and its integration with industries have reformed the biotech industries. It provides a superior monetary and ecological exchange to traditional material measures in an efficient and environmentally sustainable manner. The cost-effective production of pure and highly active enzymes is still a challenge for the biocatalyst industries. The use of high purity substrates further raises the cost of a typical biocatalyst. The use of low-cost plant-based biomasses as an enticing and sustainable substrate for enzyme production is the most cost-effective approach to these problems. Given the relevance of biomass as a substrate for enzyme development, this review article focuses on the key source, composition and major enzyme generated using various biomass residues. Furthermore, the difficulties associated with the use of biomass as a substrate and technical developments in this area, are also addressed. The use of waste biomass as a substrate lowers the ultimate cost for the production of biocatalysts while simultaneously reduces the waste burden from the environment.
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