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Wang Z, Dai Y, Azi F, Wang Z, Xu W, Wang D, Dong M, Xia X. Engineering Escherichia coli for cost-effective production of medium-chain fatty acids from soy whey using an optimized galactose-based autoinduction system. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 393:130145. [PMID: 38042430 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.130145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023]
Abstract
Medium-chain fatty acids (MCFAs) are essential chemical feedstocks. Microbial production of MCFAs offers an attractive alternative to conventional methods, but the costly media and external inducers limit its practical application. To address this issue and make MCFA production more cost-effective, an E.coli platform was developed using soy whey as a medium and galactose as an autoinducer. We first designed an efficient, stringent, homogeneous, and robust galactose-based autoinduction system for the expression of pathway enzymes by rationally engineering the promoter of the galactose-proton symporter (GalP). Subsequently, the intracellular acetyl-CoA availability and NADH regeneration were enhanced to improve the reversal of the β-oxidation cycle. The resulting strain yielded 8.20 g/L and 16.42 g/L MCFA in pH-controlled batch fermentation and fed-batch fermentation with glucose added using soy whey as medium, respectively. This study provided a cost-effective and promising platform for MCFA production, as well as future strain development for other value-added chemicals production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Wang
- Institute of Agro-Product Processing, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China; College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yiqiang Dai
- Institute of Agro-Product Processing, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China; College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Fidelis Azi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Zhongjiang Wang
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Weimin Xu
- Institute of Agro-Product Processing, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Daoying Wang
- Institute of Agro-Product Processing, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Mingsheng Dong
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xiudong Xia
- Institute of Agro-Product Processing, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China; College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210014, China; School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
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Ma W, Li F, Li L, Li B, Niu K, Liu Q, Han L, Han L, Fang X. Production of D -tagatose, bioethanol, and microbial protein from the dairy industry by-product whey powder using an integrated bioprocess. Biotechnol J 2024; 19:e2300415. [PMID: 38375553 DOI: 10.1002/biot.202300415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
We designed and constructed a green and sustainable bioprocess to efficiently coproduce D -tagatose, bioethanol, and microbial protein from whey powder. First, a one-pot biosynthesis process involving lactose hydrolysis and D -galactose redox reactions for D -tagatose production was established in vitro via a three-enzyme cascade. Second, a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-dependent galactitol dehydrogenase mutant, D36A/I37R, based on the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide-dependent polyol dehydrogenase from Paracoccus denitrificans was created through rational design and screening. Moreover, an NADPH recycling module was created in the oxidoreductive pathway, and the tagatose yield increased by 3.35-fold compared with that achieved through the pathway without the cofactor cycle. The reaction process was accelerated using an enzyme assembly with a glycine-serine linker, and the tagatose production rate was 9.28-fold higher than the initial yield. Finally, Saccharomyces cerevisiae was introduced into the reaction solution, and 266.5 g of D -tagatose, 162.6 g of bioethanol, and 215.4 g of dry yeast (including 38% protein) were obtained from 1 kg of whey powder (including 810 g lactose). This study provides a promising sustainable process for functional food (D -tagatose) production. Moreover, this process fully utilized whey powder, demonstrating good atom economy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Fengyi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Longyue Li
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Bin Li
- Shandong Henglu Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Kangle Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Qinghua Liu
- Shandong Henglu Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Laichuang Han
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lijuan Han
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Xu Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
- Rongcheng Huihai Chuangda Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Weihai, Shandong, China
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Vélez Blandón JF, Sánchez Henao CP, Zapata Montoya JE, Ochoa S. l-Threonine production from whey and fish hydrolysate by E. coli ATCC® 21277TM. Heliyon 2023; 9:e18744. [PMID: 37609415 PMCID: PMC10440459 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
In this work production of l-threonine by Escherichia coli ATCC® 21277™ has been studied using a mixture of alternative low-cost substrates, which are recognized to be a major pollution problem. Whey was used as the primary carbon source, whereas Red Tilapia (Oreochromis sp.) viscera hydrolysates constituted the nitrogen source. A Box-Behnken Design was used for optimizing l-threonine and biomass production, using temperature and glucose, whey, and Red Tilapia (Oreochromis sp.) viscera hydrolysate contents as factors. Results indicate that biomass production is affected by the concentration of hydrolysate and temperature. On the other hand, l-threonine production is affected by concentration of whey, hydrolysate, and temperature. In this context, it was possible to maximize l-threonine production, but with a detriment on biomass production. The optimal conditions for biomass and l-threonine maximization (after 24 h) were identified and validated experimentally, resulting in biomass and l-threonine production of 0.767 g/L and 0.406 g/L, respectively. This work has shown the technical feasibility of using whey and Red Tilapia (Oreochromis sp.) viscera hydrolysates for the production of l-threonine by E. coli ATCC® 21277TM. Finally, the complications associated to the use of these low-cost complex substrates for the production of l-threonine by E. coli, suggest that more in detail studies (i.e. at the metabolic level) are required in order to propose strategies to increase the process productivity, before its scale up. This is a first step in our long-term goal of developing a production process for i) dealing with the pollution problems caused by those wastes, and ii) strengthen the milk and fish industries which are important poles of the Colombian economy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jhon Fredy Vélez Blandón
- Nutrition and Food Technology Research Group, Pharmaceutical and Food Sciences Faculty, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, 50010, Colombia
| | - Claudia Patricia Sánchez Henao
- Nutrition and Food Technology Research Group, Pharmaceutical and Food Sciences Faculty, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, 50010, Colombia
| | - José Edgar Zapata Montoya
- Nutrition and Food Technology Research Group, Pharmaceutical and Food Sciences Faculty, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, 50010, Colombia
| | - Silvia Ochoa
- SIDCOP Research Group, Engineering Faculty, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, 050010, Colombia
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Liu W, Zhang Z, Li Y, Zhu L, Jiang L. Efficient production of d-tagatose via DNA scaffold mediated oxidoreductases assembly in vivo from whey powder. Food Res Int 2023; 166:112637. [PMID: 36914333 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.112637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
Among the emerging sweeteners, d-tagatose occupies a significant niche due to its low calorific value, antidiabetic property and growth promoting effects on intestinal probiotics. Recently, the main approach for d-tagatose biosynthesis is l-arabinose isomerase-based isomerization reaction from galactose, which shows relatively low conversion rate because of unfavorable thermodynamic equilibria. Herein, oxidoreductases, d-xylose reductase and galactitol dehydrogenase, together with endogenous β-galactosidase were employed to catalyze the biosynthesis of d-tagatose from lactose with a yield of 0.282 g/g in Escherichia coli. Then, a deactivated CRISPR-associated (Cas) proteins-based DNA scaffold system was developed, which were proved to be efficient for assembling the oxidoreductases in vivo and got a 1.44-folds increase in d-tagatose titer and yield. Further, by employing d-xylose reductase with higher galactose affinity and activity, as well as overexpressing pntAB genes, the d-tagatose yield from lactose (0.484 g/g) increased to 92.0 % of the theoretical value, 1.72-times as that of original strain. Finally, whey powder, a lactose-rich food by-product, was bifunctionally utilized as an inducer and substrate. In the 5 L bioreactor, d-tagatose titer reached 32.3 g/L with little galactose detected, and the yield from lactose approached 0.402 g/g, which was the highest from waste biomass in the literature. The strategies used here might provide new insights into the biosynthesis of d-tagatose in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Liu
- College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Zhilin Zhang
- College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Ying Li
- College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Liying Zhu
- College of Chemical and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Ling Jiang
- College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China; State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China.
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Production of the Food Enzyme Acetolactate Decarboxylase (ALDC) from Bacillus subtilis ICA 56 Using Agro-Industrial Residues as Feedstock. FERMENTATION-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation8120675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
During the beer brewing process, some compounds are formed in the primary fermentation step and may affect the final quality of beer. These compounds, called off flavors, such as diacetyl, are produced during fermentation and are related to a buttery taste. The use of acetolactate decarboxylase (ALDC) in the traditional beer brewing process may significantly increase productivity since it allows for a faster decrease in the adverse flavor caused by diacetyl. However, production costs directly impact its application. For this reason, we analyzed the effect of different cultivation media on ALDC production by Bacillus subtilis ICA 56 and process economics. Different carbon and nitrogen sources, including agro-industrial residues, were evaluated. The best result was obtained using sugarcane molasses and corn steep solids (CSS), allowing a 74% reduction in ALDC production cost and an enzyme activity of 4.43 ± 0.12 U·mL−1. The enzymatic extract was then characterized, showing an optimum temperature at 40 °C and stability at different pH levels, being able to maintain more than 80% of its catalytic capacity between pH values of 3.6 and 7.0, with higher enzymatic activity at pH 6.0 (50 mM MES Buffer), reaching an ALDC activity of 5.30 ± 0.06 U·mL−1.
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Lee S, Rim Lee Y, Lee WH, Youn Lee S, Moon M, Woo Park G, Min K, Lee J, Lee JS. Valorization of CO 2 to β-farnesene in Rhodobacter sphaeroides. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 363:127955. [PMID: 36115510 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The valorization of CO2 into valuable products is a sustainable strategy to help overcome the climate crisis. In particular, biological conversion is attractive as it can produce long-chain hydrocarbons such as terpenoids. This study reports the high yield of β-farnesene production from CO2 by expressing heterologous β-farnesene synthase (FS) into Rhodobacter sphaeroides. To increase the expression of FS, a strong active promoter and a ribosome binding site (RBS) were engineered. Moreover, β-farnesene production was improved further through the supply of exogenous antioxidants and additional nutrients. Finally, β-farnesene was produced from CO2 at a titer of 44.53 mg/L and yield of 234.08 mg/g, values that were correspondingly 23 times and 46 times higher than those from the initial production of β-farnesene. Altogether, the results here suggest that the autotrophic production of β-farnesene can provide a starting point for achieving a circular carbon economy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangmin Lee
- Gwangju Bio/Energy Research and Development Center, Korea Institute of Energy Research, Gwangju 61003, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu Rim Lee
- Gwangju Bio/Energy Research and Development Center, Korea Institute of Energy Research, Gwangju 61003, Republic of Korea; Interdisciplinary Program of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Heong Lee
- Interdisciplinary Program of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea; Department of Integrative Food, Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Youn Lee
- Gwangju Bio/Energy Research and Development Center, Korea Institute of Energy Research, Gwangju 61003, Republic of Korea
| | - Myounghoon Moon
- Gwangju Bio/Energy Research and Development Center, Korea Institute of Energy Research, Gwangju 61003, Republic of Korea
| | - Gwon Woo Park
- Gwangju Bio/Energy Research and Development Center, Korea Institute of Energy Research, Gwangju 61003, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoungseon Min
- Gwangju Bio/Energy Research and Development Center, Korea Institute of Energy Research, Gwangju 61003, Republic of Korea
| | - Juah Lee
- Gwangju Bio/Energy Research and Development Center, Korea Institute of Energy Research, Gwangju 61003, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Suk Lee
- Gwangju Bio/Energy Research and Development Center, Korea Institute of Energy Research, Gwangju 61003, Republic of Korea.
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