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Ramírez-Romero A, da Costa Magalhães B, Matricon L, Sassi JF, Steyer JP, Delrue F. Aqueous phase recycling: impact on microalgal lipid accumulation and biomass quality. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024:10.1007/s11356-024-32701-7. [PMID: 38438644 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32701-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
The potential success of microalgal biofuels greatly depends on the sustainability of the chosen pathway to produce them. Hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) is a promising route to convert wet algal biomass into biocrude. Recycling the resulting HTL aqueous phase (AP) aims not only to recover nutrients from this effluent but also to use it as a substrate to close the photosynthetic loop and produce algal biomass again and process this biomass again into new biocrude. With that purpose, the response to AP recycling of five Chlorellaceae strains was monitored over five cultivation cycles. After four successive cycles of dynamic growth under nutrient-replete conditions, the microalgae were cultivated for a prolonged fifth cycle of 18 days in order to assess the impact of the AP on lipid and biomass accumulation under nutrient-limited conditions. Using AP as a substrate reduced the demand for external sources of N, S, and P while producing a significant amount of biomass (2.95-4.27 g/L) among the strains, with a lipid content ranging from 16 to 36%. However, the presence of the AP resulted in biomass with suboptimal properties, as it slowed down the accumulation of lipids and thus reduced the overall energy content of the biomass in all strains. Although Chlorella vulgaris NIES 227 did not have the best growth on AP, it did maintain the best lipid productivity of all the tested strains. Understanding the impact of AP on microalgal cultivation is essential for further optimizing biofuel production via the HTL process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Ramírez-Romero
- MicroAlgae Processes Platform-CEA, CEA Tech Région Sud, 13108, Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance, France.
- Laboratoire de Biotechnologie de L'Environnement (LBE), INRAE, Univ Montpellier, 102 Avenue Des Etangs, 11100, Narbonne, France.
| | - Bruno da Costa Magalhães
- Institut de Recherches Sur La Catalyse Et L'Environnement de Lyon (IRCELYON), UMR 5256, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon1, 2 Av. Albert Einstein, 69626, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Lucie Matricon
- CEA LITEN, Université Grenoble Alpes, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Jean-François Sassi
- MicroAlgae Processes Platform-CEA, CEA Tech Région Sud, 13108, Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance, France
| | - Jean-Philippe Steyer
- Laboratoire de Biotechnologie de L'Environnement (LBE), INRAE, Univ Montpellier, 102 Avenue Des Etangs, 11100, Narbonne, France
| | - Florian Delrue
- MicroAlgae Processes Platform-CEA, CEA Tech Région Sud, 13108, Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance, France
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Kurniawan KIA, Putra AS, Ishizaki R, Rani DS, Rahmah DM, Al Husna SN, Ahamed T, Noguchi R. Life cycle assessment of integrated microalgae oil production in Bojongsoang Wastewater Treatment Plant, Indonesia. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:7902-7933. [PMID: 38168854 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-31582-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
This study aims to determine the eco-friendliness of microalgae-based renewable energy production in several scenarios based on life cycle assessment (LCA). The LCA provides critical data for sustainable decision-making and energy requirement analysis, including net energy ratio (NER) and cumulative energy demand (CED). The Centrum voor Milieuwetenschappen Leiden (CML) IA-Baseline was used on environmental impact assessment method by SimaPro v9.3.0.3® software and energy analysis of biofuel production using native polyculture microalgae biomass in municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) Bojongsoang, Bandung, Indonesia. The study was analyzed under three scenarios: (1) the current scenario; (2) the algae scenario without waste heat and carbon dioxide (CO2); and (3) the algae scenario with waste heat and carbon dioxide (CO2). Waste heat and CO2 were obtained from an industrial zone near the WWTP. The results disclosed that the microalgae scenario with waste heat and CO2 utilization is the most promising scenario with the lowest environmental impact (- 0.139 kg CO2eq/MJ), positive energy balance of 1.23 MJ/m3 wastewater (NER > 1), and lower CED value across various impact categories. It indicates that utilizing the waste heat and CO2 has a positive impact on energy efficiency. Based on the environmental impact, NER and CED values, this study suggests that the microalgae scenario with waste heat and CO2 is more feasible and sustainable to adopt and could be implemented at the Bojongsoang WWTP.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Agusta Samodra Putra
- Research Center for Sustainable Production System and Life Cycle Assessment, National Research and Innovation Agency, Puspiptek Area, Serpong, 15314, Indonesia
| | | | - Devitra Saka Rani
- Research Organization for Energy and Manufacture, National Research and Innovation Agency, Puspiptek Area, Serpong, 15314, Indonesia
| | - Devi Maulida Rahmah
- Faculty of Agricultural Industrial Technology, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, Indonesia
| | - Shabrina Nida Al Husna
- Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesa No.10, Lb. Siliwangi, Kecamatan Coblong, Kota Bandung, Jawa Barat, 40132, Indonesia
| | - Tofael Ahamed
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Ryozo Noguchi
- Laboratory of Agricultural Systems Engineering, Division of Environmental Science and Technology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan.
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