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Śniatała B, Al-Hazmi HE, Sobotka D, Zhai J, Mąkinia J. Advancing sustainable wastewater management: A comprehensive review of nutrient recovery products and their applications. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 937:173446. [PMID: 38788940 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Wastewater serves as a vital resource for sustainable fertilizer production, particularly in the recovery of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P). This comprehensive study explores the recovery chain, from technology to final product reuse. Biomass growth is the most cost-effective method, valorizing up to 95 % of nutrients, although facing safety concerns. Various techniques enable the recovery of 100 % P and up to 99 % N, but challenges arise during the final product crystallization due to the high solubility of ammonium salts. Among these techniques, chemical precipitation and ammonia stripping/ absorption have achieved full commercialization, with estimated recovery costs of 6.0-10.0 EUR kgP-1 and 4.4-4.8 £ kgN-1, respectively. Multiple technologies integrating biomass thermo-chemical processing and P and/or N have also reached technology readiness level TRL = 9. However, due to maturing regulatory of waste-derived products, not all of their products are commercially available. The non-homogenous nature of wastewater introduces impurities into nutrient recovery products. While calcium and iron impurities may impact product bioavailability, some full-scale P recovery technologies deliver products containing this admixture. Recovered mineral nutrient forms have shown up to 60 % higher yield biomass growth compared to synthetic fertilizers. Life cycle assessment studies confirm the positive environmental outcomes of nutrient recycling from wastewater to agricultural applications. Integration of novel technologies may increase wastewater treatment costs by a few percent, but this can be offset through renewable energy utilization and the sale of recovered products. Moreover, simultaneous nutrient recovery and energy production via bio-electrochemical processes contributes to carbon neutrality achieving. Interdisciplinary cooperation is essential to offset both energy and chemicals inputs, increase their cos-efficiency and optimize technologies and understand the nutrient release patterns of wastewater-derived products on various crops. Addressing non-technological factors, such as legal and financial support, infrastructure redesign, and market-readiness, is crucial for successfully implementation and securing the global food production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bogna Śniatała
- Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Gdansk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, Gdańsk, Poland.
| | - Hussein E Al-Hazmi
- Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Gdansk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Dominika Sobotka
- Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Gdansk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Jun Zhai
- Institute for Smart City of Chongqing University in Liyang, Chongqing University, Jiangsu 213300, China
| | - Jacek Mąkinia
- Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Gdansk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, Gdańsk, Poland.
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Manikandan S, Deena SR, Subbaiya R, Vijayan DS, Vickram S, Preethi B, Karmegam N. Waves of change: Electrochemical innovations for environmental management and resource recovery from water - A review. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 366:121879. [PMID: 39043086 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.121879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
Environmental electrochemistry and water resource recovery are covered in this review. The study discusses the growing field's scientific basis, methods, and applications, focusing on innovative remediation tactics. Environmental electrochemistry may solve water pollution and extract resources. Electrochemical methods may effectively destroy or convert pollutants. This method targets heavy metals, organic compounds, and emerging water contaminants such as pharmaceuticals and microplastics, making it versatile. Environmental electrochemistry and resource recovery synergize to boost efficiency and sustainability. Innovative electrochemical methods can extract or synthesise metals, nutrients, and energy from wastewater streams, decreasing treatment costs and environmental effect. The study discusses electrocoagulation, electrooxidation, and electrochemical advanced oxidation processes and their mechanics and performance. Additionally, it discusses current electrode materials, reactor designs, and process optimisation tactics to improve efficiency and scalability. Resource recovery in electrochemical remediation methods is also examined for economic and environmental feasibility. Through critical examination of case studies and techno-economic evaluations, it explains the pros and cons of scaling up these integrated techniques. This study covers environmental electrochemistry and resource recovery's fundamental foundations, technology advances, and sustainable water management consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Manikandan
- Department of Biotechnology, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Thandalam, Chennai, 602 105, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S R Deena
- Department of Biotechnology, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Thandalam, Chennai, 602 105, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - R Subbaiya
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, The Copperbelt University, Riverside, Jambo Drive, P O Box 21692, Kitwe, Zambia; Oliver R. Tambo Africa Research Chair Initiative (ORTARChI) Environment and Development, The Copperbelt University, P.O. Box 21692, Kitwe, Zambia
| | - D S Vijayan
- Department of Civil Engineering, Aarupadai Veedu Institute of Technology, Vinayaka Mission Research Foundation (VMRF - DU), Paiyanur, Chennai, 603104, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sundaram Vickram
- Department of Biotechnology, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Thandalam, Chennai, 602 105, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - B Preethi
- Department of Biotechnology, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Thandalam, Chennai, 602 105, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - N Karmegam
- PG and Research Department of Botany, Government Arts College (Autonomous), Salem, 636 007, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Yin M, Fu B, Xu T, Cao X, Huang X, Zhang X. Spatially-assembled binary carbon anode synergizing directional electron transfer and enriched microbe accommodation for wastewater treatment and energy conversion: From simulation to experiments. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 252:121104. [PMID: 38295458 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.121104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Bioelectrochemical systems (BESs) hold prospects in wastewater energy and resource recovery. Anode optimization is important for simultaneous enhancement of wastewater energy conversion and effluent quality in BESs. In this study, a multi-physics model coupling fluid flow, organic degradation and electrochemical process was constructed to guide the design and optimization of BES anodes. Based on the multi-physics simulation, spatially-assembled binary carbon anodes composed of three-dimensional carbon mesh skeleton and granular activated carbon were proposed and established. The granular activated carbon conducive to microbe accommodation played a vital role in improving effluent water quality, while the carbon mesh skeleton favoring electron collection and transfer could enhance the bioelectricity output. With an average chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal rate of 0.442 kg m-3 d-1, a maximum power density of 20.6 W m-3 was achieved in the optimized composite anode BES, which was 25% and 154% higher than carbon mesh skeleton BES and granular activated carbon BES. Electroactive bacteria were enriched in composite anodes and performed important functions related to microbial metabolism and energy production. The spatially-assembled binary carbon anode with low carbon mesh packing density was more cost-effective with a daily energy output per anode cost of 221 J d-1 RMB-1. This study not only provides a cost-efficient alternative anode to simultaneously improve organic degradation and power generation performance, but also demonstrates the potential of multi-physics simulation in offering theoretical support and prediction for BES configuration design as well as optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengxi Yin
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, State Environment Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Boya Fu
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, State Environment Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Ting Xu
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, State Environment Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xiaoxin Cao
- Guizhou Zhuxin Water Environment Industries Company, Guiyang 550000, China
| | - Xia Huang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, State Environment Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Zhang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, State Environment Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
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Shi Z, Xing K, Rameezdeen R, Chow CWK. Current trends and future directions of global research on wastewater to energy: a bibliometric analysis and review. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:20792-20813. [PMID: 38400981 PMCID: PMC10948484 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32560-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
This paper presents a structured bibliometric analysis and review of the research publications recorded in the Web of Science database from 2000 to 2023 to methodically examine the landscape and development of the 'wastewater to energy' research field in relation to global trends, potential hotspots, and future research directions. The study highlights three main research themes in 'wastewater to energy', which are biogas production through anaerobic digestion of sewage sludge, methane generation from microbial wastewater treatment, and hydrogen production from biomass. The analysis reveals activated sludge, biochar, biomethane, biogas upgrading, hydrogen, and circular economy as key topics increasingly gaining momentum in recent research publications as well as representing potential future research directions. The findings also signify transformation to SDGs and circular economy practices, through the integration of on-site renewables and biogas upgrading for energy self-sufficiency, optimising energy recovery from wastewater treatment systems, and fostering research and innovation in 'wastewater to energy' supported by policy incentives. By shedding light on emerging trends, cross-cutting themes, and potential policy implications, this study contributes to informing both knowledge and practices of the 'wastewater to energy' research community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhining Shi
- UniSA STEM, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA, 5095, Australia
| | - Ke Xing
- UniSA STEM, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA, 5095, Australia.
| | - Rameez Rameezdeen
- UniSA STEM, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA, 5095, Australia
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Crovella T, Paiano A, Falciglia PP, Lagioia G, Ingrao C. Wastewater recovery for sustainable agricultural systems in the circular economy - A systematic literature review of Life Cycle Assessments. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:169310. [PMID: 38123087 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Water availability and quality are known to affect agricultural production and nutrition. The aim of this study was to elaborate a systematic literature review of the most sustainable ways of wastewater treatment towards achieving circular economy (CE) in agro-industry activities. From the SLR, the authors selected twenty-seven papers that they classified into the three research themes of recovery of wastewater into irrigation water, extraction of sludge for production of bio-based compounds, and recovery of nutrients for soil amendment, including recovering of feeds for aquaculture, and recovery of nutrient biosolids for soil amendment. Results underlined that the recovery of nutrients biosolids for soil amendment can generate a GWP gain up to - 37 kg CO2-eq. So, the review highlighted that wastewater recovery for multiple purposes can be truly effective for the environmental sustainability of agricultural systems, and that LCA is a valid tool to assess and improve that sustainability. Under this perspective, this SLR's findings can stimulate public administrations at national and local scales in their planning and funding activities towards implementing circular bioeconomy paths based upon wastewater recovery for a sustainable, resilient agriculture. Overall, the authors believe that their article was effective in overviewing the current wastewater recovery paths in the CE context, and in highlighting key methodological aspects and findings of the reviewed LCAs, to advance the specialised literature and knowledge, and to guide practitioners for future LCA applications in the field. Finally, through its main findings, the article effectively contributes to the whole research project which it is part of and which the authors are deeply involved in. That research is performed under the Progetto GRINS "Growing Resilient, Inclusive and Sustainable" thanks to a PNRR M4C2- Investment 1.3 - GRINS with the aim of "Building a dataset for the circular economy of the main Italian production systems".
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiziana Crovella
- Department of Economics, Management and Business Law, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Largo Abbazia Santa Scolastica 53, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Annarita Paiano
- Department of Economics, Management and Business Law, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Largo Abbazia Santa Scolastica 53, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Pietro Paolo Falciglia
- Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture, University of Catania, Cittadella universitaria, Via Santa Sofia 64, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Giovanni Lagioia
- Department of Economics, Management and Business Law, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Largo Abbazia Santa Scolastica 53, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Carlo Ingrao
- Department of Economics, Management and Business Law, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Largo Abbazia Santa Scolastica 53, 70124 Bari, Italy.
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6
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Zhang H, Duan L, Li S, Gao Q, Li M, Xing F, Zhao Y. Simultaneous Wastewater Treatment and Resources Recovery by Forward Osmosis Coupled with Microbial Fuel Cell: A Review. MEMBRANES 2024; 14:29. [PMID: 38392656 PMCID: PMC10890705 DOI: 10.3390/membranes14020029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Osmotic microbial fuel cells (OsMFCs) with the abilities to simultaneously treat wastewater, produce clean water, and electricity provided a novel approach for the application of microbial fuel cell (MFC) and forward osmosis (FO). This synergistic merging of functions significantly improved the performances of OsMFCs. Nonetheless, despite their promising potential, OsMFCs currently receive inadequate attention in wastewater treatment, water reclamation, and energy recovery. In this review, we delved into the cooperation mechanisms between the MFC and the FO. MFC facilitates the FO process by promoting water flux, reducing reverse solute flux (RSF), and degrading contaminants in the feed solution (FS). Moreover, the water flux based on the FO principle contributed to MFC's electricity generation capability. Furthermore, we summarized the potential roles of OsMFCs in resource recovery, including nutrient, energy, and water recovery, and identified the key factors, such as configurations, FO membranes, and draw solutions (DS). We prospected the practical applications of OsMFCs in the future, including their capabilities to remove emerging pollutants. Finally, we also highlighted the existing challenges in membrane fouling, system expansion, and RSF. We hope this review serves as a useful guide for the practical implementation of OsMFCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hengliang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
- Basin Research Center for Water Pollution Control, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
- College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Liang Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
- Basin Research Center for Water Pollution Control, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Shilong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
- Basin Research Center for Water Pollution Control, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Qiusheng Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
- Basin Research Center for Water Pollution Control, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
- College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Mingyue Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
- Basin Research Center for Water Pollution Control, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Fei Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
- Basin Research Center for Water Pollution Control, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Yang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
- Basin Research Center for Water Pollution Control, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
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7
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Xu Y, Liu L, Sun E, Oksuz ST, Zhang Z, Zhang C, Wang W, Liu P. Electron transport bifurcation in bioanode with the metabolic shift to nitrate reduction. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 907:168115. [PMID: 37884146 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Electron transport bifurcation in bioanode determines the performance of microbial electrochemical technologies with the presence of an alternative electron acceptor. Here, the bioanode responses including electron transfer efficiency, microbial community, and microbial structure are investigated with the metabolic shift from current production to denitrification. Electrochemical measurements including cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectra are performed to identify the change of electron transfer pathways in bioanode. Electron transfer efficiency for electrode reduction decreases ∼17 % with nitrate reduction. Biofilm resistance and charge transfer resistance increase from 23.3 Ω and 22.5 Ω to 36.6 Ω and 61.4 Ω with the metabolic shift, respectively. These results are mainly due to the loss of exoelectrogens inhabited in bioanode. Confocal imaging results indicate the elevated proportion of inactive cells in bioanode as the denitrification. Our results propose a possible mechanism for electron transfer bifurcation in bioanode with the metabolic shift from electrode reduction to soluble electron acceptor reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinchi Xu
- School of Ecology & Environment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Lanhua Liu
- School of Ecology & Environment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Erhuan Sun
- School of Ecology & Environment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Secil Tutar Oksuz
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Konya Technical University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Zhi Zhang
- School of Ecology & Environment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Changsen Zhang
- School of Ecology & Environment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Wenlong Wang
- School of Ecology & Environment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Panpan Liu
- School of Ecology & Environment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China.
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Gregucci D, Nazir F, Calabretta MM, Michelini E. Illuminating Progress: The Contribution of Bioluminescence to Sustainable Development Goal 6-Clean Water and Sanitation-Of the United Nations 2030 Agenda. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:7244. [PMID: 37631781 PMCID: PMC10458275 DOI: 10.3390/s23167244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
The United Nations Agenda 2030 Sustainable Development Goal 6 (SDG 6) aims at ensuring the availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation. The routine monitoring of water contaminants requires accurate and rapid analytical techniques. Laboratory analyses and conventional methods of field sampling still require considerable labor and time with highly trained personnel and transport to a central facility with sophisticated equipment, which renders routine monitoring cumbersome, time-consuming, and costly. Moreover, these methods do not provide information about the actual toxicity of water, which is crucial for characterizing complex samples, such as urban wastewater and stormwater runoff. The unique properties of bioluminescence (BL) offer innovative approaches for developing advanced tools and technologies for holistic water monitoring. BL biosensors offer a promising solution by combining the natural BL phenomenon with cutting-edge technologies. This review provides an overview of the recent advances and significant contributions of BL to SDG 6, focusing attention on the potential use of the BL-based sensing platforms for advancing water management practices, protecting ecosystems, and ensuring the well-being of communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise Gregucci
- Department of Chemistry “Giacomo Ciamician”, University of Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (D.G.); (F.N.); (M.M.C.)
- Center for Applied Biomedical Research (CRBA), Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Policlinico S. Orsola-Malpighi, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Faisal Nazir
- Department of Chemistry “Giacomo Ciamician”, University of Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (D.G.); (F.N.); (M.M.C.)
| | - Maria Maddalena Calabretta
- Department of Chemistry “Giacomo Ciamician”, University of Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (D.G.); (F.N.); (M.M.C.)
- Center for Applied Biomedical Research (CRBA), Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Policlinico S. Orsola-Malpighi, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Elisa Michelini
- Department of Chemistry “Giacomo Ciamician”, University of Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (D.G.); (F.N.); (M.M.C.)
- Center for Applied Biomedical Research (CRBA), Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Policlinico S. Orsola-Malpighi, 40138 Bologna, Italy
- Health Sciences and Technologies Interdepartmental Center for Industrial Research (HSTICIR), University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
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Sorgato AC, Jeremias TC, Lobo FL, Lapolli FR. Microbial fuel cell: Interplay of energy production, wastewater treatment, toxicity assessment with hydraulic retention time. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 231:116159. [PMID: 37211179 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Microbial fuel cell (MFC) operation under similar conditions to conventional methods will support the use of this technology in large-scale wastewater treatment. The operation of scaled-up air-cathode MFC (2 L) fed with synthetic wastewater (similar to domestic) in a continuous flow was evaluated using three different hydraulic retention times (HRT), 12, 8, and 4 h. We found that electricity generation and wastewater treatment could be enhanced under an HRT of 12 h. Additionally, the longer HRT led to greater coulombic efficiency (5.44%) than MFC operating under 8 h and 4 h, 2.23 and 1.12%, respectively. However, due to the anaerobic condition, the MFC was unable to remove nutrients. Furthermore, an acute toxicity test with Lactuca sativa revealed that MFC could reduce wastewater toxicity. These outcomes demonstrated that scaled-up MFC could be operated as a primary effluent treatment and transform a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) into a renewable energy producer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Carla Sorgato
- Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Campus Universitário, Trindade, 88.040-900, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
| | - Thamires Custódio Jeremias
- Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Campus Universitário, Trindade, 88.040-900, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Leite Lobo
- Department of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Campus Do Pici, 60.440-900, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Flávio Rubens Lapolli
- Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Campus Universitário, Trindade, 88.040-900, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
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Bhattacharya A, Garg S, Chatterjee P. Examining current trends and future outlook of bio-electrochemical systems (BES) for nutrient conversion and recovery: an overview. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:86699-86740. [PMID: 37438499 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-28500-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
Nutrient-rich waste streams from domestic and industrial sources and the increasing application of synthetic fertilizers have resulted in a huge-scale influx of reactive nitrogen and phosphorus in the environment. The higher concentrations of these pollutants induce eutrophication and foster degradation of aquatic biodiversity. Besides, phosphorus being non-renewable resource is under the risk of rapid depletion. Hence, recovery and reuse of the phosphorus and nitrogen are necessary. Over the years, nutrient recovery, low-carbon energy, and sustainable bioremediation of wastewater have received significant interest. The conventional wastewater treatment technologies have higher energy demand and nutrient removal entails a major cost in the treatment process. For these issues, bio-electrochemical system (BES) has been considered as sustainable and environment friendly wastewater treatment technologies that utilize the energy contained in the wastewater so as to recovery nutrients and purify wastewater. Therefore, this article comprehensively focuses and critically analyzes the potential sources of nutrients, working mechanism of BES, and different nutrient recovery strategies to unlock the upscaling opportunities. Also, economic analysis was done to understand the technical feasibility and potential market value of recovered nutrients. Hence, this review article will be useful in establishing waste management policies and framework along with development of advanced configurations with major emphasis on nutrient recovery rather than removal from the waste stream.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayushman Bhattacharya
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India, 502285
| | - Shashank Garg
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India, 502285
| | - Pritha Chatterjee
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India, 502285.
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Chan YH, Lock SSM, Chin BLF, Wong MK, Loy ACM, Foong SY, Yiin CL, Lam SS. Progress in thermochemical co-processing of biomass and sludge for sustainable energy, value-added products and circular economy. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 380:129061. [PMID: 37075852 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
To achieve the main goal of net zero carbon emission, the shift from conventional fossil-based energy/products to renewable and low carbon-based energy/products is necessary. Biomass has been perceived as a carbon-neutral source from which energy and value-added products can be derived, while sludge is a slurry waste that inherently contains high amount of minerals and organic matters. Hence, thermochemical co-processing of biomass wastes and sludge could create positive synergistic effects, resulting in enhanced performance of the process (higher conversion or yield) and improved qualities or characteristics of the products as compared to that of mono-processing. This review presents the current progress and development for various thermochemical techniques of biomass-sludge co-conversion to energy and high-value products, and the potential applications of these products from circular economy's point of view. Also, these technologies are discussed from economic and environmental standpoints, and the outlook towards technology maturation and successful commercialization is laid out.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Herng Chan
- PETRONAS Research Sdn. Bhd. (PRSB), Lot 3288 & 3289, Off Jalan Ayer Itam, Kawasan Institusi Bangi, 43000 Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Serene Sow Mun Lock
- CO(2) Research Center (CO(2)RES), Department of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610 Seri Iskandar, Malaysia
| | - Bridgid Lai Fui Chin
- Department of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Science, Curtin University Malaysia, CDT 250, 98009 Miri, Sarawak, Malaysia; Energy and Environment Research Cluster, Faculty of Engineering and Science, Curtin University Malaysia, CDT 250, 98009 Miri, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - Mee Kee Wong
- PETRONAS Research Sdn. Bhd. (PRSB), Lot 3288 & 3289, Off Jalan Ayer Itam, Kawasan Institusi Bangi, 43000 Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | | | - Shin Ying Foong
- Higher Institution Centre of Excellence (HICoE), Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries (AKUATROP), Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Chung Loong Yiin
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Energy Sustainability, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak (UNIMAS), 94300 Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia; Institute of Sustainable and Renewable Energy (ISuRE), Universiti Malaysia Sarawak (UNIMAS), 94300 Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - Su Shiung Lam
- Higher Institution Centre of Excellence (HICoE), Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries (AKUATROP), Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia; Center for Transdisciplinary Research, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
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