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Wang D, Zhang J, Han W, Wu P, Deng L, Wang W. Ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB) denitrification and bacterial denitrification as the main culprit of high N 2O emission in SBR with low C/N ratio wastewater. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 369:122357. [PMID: 39232327 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.122357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 08/11/2024] [Accepted: 08/30/2024] [Indexed: 09/06/2024]
Abstract
A large amount of greenhouse gas nitrous oxide (N2O) will be produced during the biological nitrogen removal process for organic wastewater of low C/N ratio. One of the effective methods to solve this problem is to incorporate inexpensive carbon source. In this study, raw wastewater (RW) from pig farm, that was not anaerobically digested, was utilized as exogenous carbon in both A/O and SBR aerobic reactor to treat liquid digestate with high ammonia nitrogen and low C/N ratio. The results showed that N2O emission in SBR was higher than that of A/O process under the same nitrogen load. The N2O conversion in the biological nitrogen removal process was investigated by the strategy of integrating stable isotope method and metagenomics. The δO18-N2O, δN15-N2O, and SP values of the SBR were closer to the denitrification values of Ammonia-Oxidizing Bacteria (AOB) than those of A/O. The abundance of AOB in the SBR reactor was higher than that in the A/O reactor, while the abundance of denitrifying bacteria was lower. The amoA/B/C gene abundance in the SBR was greater than that in the A/O, and the NOS gene abundance was the opposite. The results indicated that both AOB denitrification and bacterial denitrification led to the increase of N2O emissions of the SBR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongxu Wang
- Biogas Institute of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu, 610041, PR China; Key Laboratory of Development and Application of Rural Renewable Energy, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu, 610041, PR China
| | - Jingni Zhang
- Biogas Institute of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu, 610041, PR China; Key Laboratory of Development and Application of Rural Renewable Energy, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu, 610041, PR China
| | - Wenkai Han
- Biogas Institute of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu, 610041, PR China; Key Laboratory of Development and Application of Rural Renewable Energy, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu, 610041, PR China
| | - Peike Wu
- Biogas Institute of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu, 610041, PR China; Key Laboratory of Development and Application of Rural Renewable Energy, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu, 610041, PR China
| | - Liangwei Deng
- Biogas Institute of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu, 610041, PR China; Key Laboratory of Development and Application of Rural Renewable Energy, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu, 610041, PR China
| | - Wenguo Wang
- Biogas Institute of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu, 610041, PR China; Key Laboratory of Development and Application of Rural Renewable Energy, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu, 610041, PR China.
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Sun L, Ayele Shewa W, Bossy K, Dagnew M. Partial denitrification in rope-type biofilm reactors: Performance, kinetics, and microflora using internal vs. external carbon sources. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 404:130890. [PMID: 38788803 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.130890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Stable nitrite accumulation through partial denitrification (PDN) represents an efficient pathway to support the anammox process, but limited studies explored the internal wastewater carbon sources and biofilm processes. This study assessed the viability of the PDN process, biofilm community evolution, and functional enzyme formation in rope-type biofilm media reactors using primary effluent (PE) and anaerobically pretreated wastewater carbon sources for the first time. Comparison was made with external carbon (acetate) under varied pH and biofilm thicknesses, maintaining a favourable sCOD: NO3-N ratio of 3. The wastewater's internal carbon resulted in thinner biofilms; nevertheless, modest nitrite accumulation (0.24 g/m2/d) occurred only at elevated pH. The highest nitrite accumulation (0.79 g/m2/d) was exhibited in the biofilm thickness-controlled acetate-fed reactor, featuring porous biofilms dominated by denitrifier Thauera (10.24 %) and imbalance between Nar, Nap, and Nir reductases. Using internal wastewater carbon sources offers a sustainable avenue for adopting the PDN process in full-scale application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Sun
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Western University, 1151 Richmond Street, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Wudneh Ayele Shewa
- Bishop Water Inc., 203-16 Edward Street South, Arnprior, ON K7S 3W4, Canada
| | - Kevin Bossy
- Bishop Water Inc., 203-16 Edward Street South, Arnprior, ON K7S 3W4, Canada
| | - Martha Dagnew
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Western University, 1151 Richmond Street, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada.
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Wang K, Li J, Gu X, Wang H, Li X, Peng Y, Wang Y. How to Provide Nitrite Robustly for Anaerobic Ammonium Oxidation in Mainstream Nitrogen Removal. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:21503-21526. [PMID: 38096379 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c05600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
Innovation in decarbonizing wastewater treatment is urgent in response to global climate change. The practical implementation of anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) treating domestic wastewater is the key to reconciling carbon-neutral management of wastewater treatment with sustainable development. Nitrite availability is the prerequisite of the anammox reaction, but how to achieve robust nitrite supply and accumulation for mainstream systems remains elusive. This work presents a state-of-the-art review on the recent advances in nitrite supply for mainstream anammox, paying special attention to available pathways (forward-going (from ammonium to nitrite) and backward-going (from nitrate to nitrite)), key controlling strategies, and physiological and ecological characteristics of functional microorganisms involved in nitrite supply. First, we comprehensively assessed the mainstream nitrite-oxidizing bacteria control methods, outlining that these technologies are transitioning to technologies possessing multiple selective pressures (such as intermittent aeration and membrane-aerated biological reactor), integrating side stream treatment (such as free ammonia/free nitrous acid suppression in recirculated sludge treatment), and maintaining high activity of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria and anammox bacteria for competing oxygen and nitrite with nitrite-oxidizing bacteria. We then highlight emerging strategies of nitrite supply, including the nitrite production driven by novel ammonia-oxidizing microbes (ammonia-oxidizing archaea and complete ammonia oxidation bacteria) and nitrate reduction pathways (partial denitrification and nitrate-dependent anaerobic methane oxidation). The resources requirement of different mainstream nitrite supply pathways is analyzed, and a hybrid nitrite supply pathway by combining partial nitrification and nitrate reduction is encouraged. Moreover, data-driven modeling of a mainstream nitrite supply process as well as proactive microbiome management is proposed in the hope of achieving mainstream nitrite supply in practical application. Finally, the existing challenges and further perspectives are highlighted, i.e., investigation of nitrite-supplying bacteria, the scaling-up of hybrid nitrite supply technologies from laboratory to practical implementation under real conditions, and the data-driven management for the stable performance of mainstream nitrite supply. The fundamental insights in this review aim to inspire and advance our understanding about how to provide nitrite robustly for mainstream anammox and shed light on important obstacles warranting further settlement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaichong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, P. R. China
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, P. R. China
| | - Jia Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, P. R. China
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, P. R. China
| | - Xin Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, P. R. China
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, P. R. China
| | - Han Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, P. R. China
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, P. R. China
| | - Xiang Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, P. R. China
| | - Yongzhen Peng
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Engineering Research Center of Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, P. R. China
| | - Yayi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, P. R. China
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, P. R. China
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