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Wu C, Barkova D, Komarova N, Offenhäusser A, Andrianova M, Hu Z, Kuznetsov A, Mayer D. Highly selective and sensitive detection of glutamate by an electrochemical aptasensor. Anal Bioanal Chem 2021; 414:1609-1622. [PMID: 34783880 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-021-03783-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
An electrochemical aptamer-based sensor was developed for glutamate, the major excitatory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system. Determining glutamic acid release and glutamic acid levels is crucial for studying signal transmission and for diagnosing pathological conditions in the brain. Glutamic acid-selective oligonucleotides were isolated from an ssDNA library using the Capture-SELEX protocol in complex medium. The selection permitted the isolation of an aptamer 1d04 with a dissociation constant of 12 µM. The aptamer sequence was further used in the development of an electrochemical aptamer sensor. For this purpose, a truncated aptamer sequence named glu1 was labelled with a ferrocene redox tag at the 3'-end and immobilized on a gold electrode surface via Au-thiol bonds. Using 6-mercapto-1-hexanol as the backfill, the sensor performance was characterized by alternating current voltammetry. The glu1 aptasensor showed a limit of detection of 0.0013 pM, a wide detection range between 0.01 pM and 1 nM, and good selectivity for glutamate in tenfold diluted human serum. With this enzyme-free aptasensor, the highly selective and sensitive detection of glutamate was demonstrated, which possesses great potential for implementation in microelectrodes and for in vitro as well as in vivo monitoring of neurotransmitter release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changtong Wu
- Institute of Biological Information Processing, (IBI-3), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425, Jülich, Germany.,Faculty I, RWTH Aachen University, 52062, Aachen, Germany
| | - Daria Barkova
- Scientific-Manufacturing Complex Technological Centre, 1-7 Shokin Square, Zelenograd, Moscow, 124498, Russia
| | - Natalia Komarova
- Scientific-Manufacturing Complex Technological Centre, 1-7 Shokin Square, Zelenograd, Moscow, 124498, Russia
| | - Andreas Offenhäusser
- Institute of Biological Information Processing, (IBI-3), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425, Jülich, Germany.,Faculty I, RWTH Aachen University, 52062, Aachen, Germany
| | - Mariia Andrianova
- Scientific-Manufacturing Complex Technological Centre, 1-7 Shokin Square, Zelenograd, Moscow, 124498, Russia
| | - Ziheng Hu
- Institute of Biological Information Processing, (IBI-3), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425, Jülich, Germany
| | - Alexander Kuznetsov
- Scientific-Manufacturing Complex Technological Centre, 1-7 Shokin Square, Zelenograd, Moscow, 124498, Russia.
| | - Dirk Mayer
- Institute of Biological Information Processing, (IBI-3), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425, Jülich, Germany.
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Li YT, Jin X, Tang L, Lv WL, Xiao MM, Zhang ZY, Gao C, Zhang GJ. Receptor-Mediated Field Effect Transistor Biosensor for Real-Time Monitoring of Glutamate Release from Primary Hippocampal Neurons. Anal Chem 2019; 91:8229-8236. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b00832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Meng-Meng Xiao
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices, Department of Electronics, Peking University, 5 Yiheyuan Road, Beijing 100871, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Yong Zhang
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices, Department of Electronics, Peking University, 5 Yiheyuan Road, Beijing 100871, People’s Republic of China
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Teanphonkrang S, Schulte A. Automated Quantitative Enzyme Biosensing in 24-Well Microplates. Anal Chem 2017; 89:5261-5269. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b04694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Somjai Teanphonkrang
- School of Chemistry, Institute of Science, ‡Biochemistry−Electrochemistry
Research Unit, Institute of Science, and §Center of Excellence (CoE) in Advanced
Functional Materials, Institute of Science, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand
| | - Albert Schulte
- School of Chemistry, Institute of Science, ‡Biochemistry−Electrochemistry
Research Unit, Institute of Science, and §Center of Excellence (CoE) in Advanced
Functional Materials, Institute of Science, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand
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Hu J, Wisetsuwannaphum S, Foord JS. Glutamate biosensors based on diamond and graphene platforms. Faraday Discuss 2015; 172:457-72. [PMID: 25427169 DOI: 10.1039/c4fd00032c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
l-Glutamate is one of the most important neurotransmitters in the mammalian central nervous system, playing a vital role in many physiological processes and implicated in several neurological disorders, for which monitoring of dynamic levels of extracellular glutamate in the living brain tissues may contribute to medical understanding and treatments. Electrochemical sensing of glutamate has been developed recently mainly using platinum, carbon fibre and carbon nanotube electrodes. In the present work, we explore the fabrication and properties of electrochemical glutamate sensors fabricated on doped chemical vapour deposition diamond electrodes and graphene nanoplatelet structures. The sensors incorporate platinum nanoparticles to catalyse the electrooxidation of hydrogen peroxide, glutamate oxidase to oxidise glutamate, and a layer of poly-phenylenediamine to impart selectivity. The performance of the devices was compared to a similar sensor fabricated on glassy carbon. Both the diamond and the graphene sensor showed very competitive performance compared to the majority of existing electrochemical sensors. The graphene based sensor showed the best performance of the three investigated in terms of sensitivity, linear dynamic range and long term stability, whereas it was found that the diamond device showed the best limit of detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingping Hu
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Wuhan, P.R. China 430074.
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Contin A, Frasca S, Vivekananthan J, Leimkühler S, Wollenberger U, Plumeré N, Schuhmann W. A pH Responsive Redox Hydrogel for Electrochemical Detection of Redox Silent Biocatalytic Processes. Control of Hydrogel Solvation. ELECTROANAL 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201400621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Kopparthy VL, Tangutooru SM, Guilbeau EJ. Label Free Detection of L-Glutamate Using Microfluidic Based Thermal Biosensor. Bioengineering (Basel) 2015; 2:2-14. [PMID: 28955010 PMCID: PMC5597124 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering2010002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2014] [Accepted: 01/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
A thermoelectric biosensor for the detection of L-glutamate concentration was developed. The thermoelectric sensor is integrated into a micro-calorimeter which measures the heat produced by biochemical reactions. The device contains a single flow channel that is 120 µm high and 10 mm wide with two fluid inlets and one fluid outlet. An antimony-bismuth (Sb-Bi) thermopile with high common mode rejection ratio is attached to the lower channel wall and measures the dynamic changes in the temperature when L-glutamate undergoes oxidative deamination in the presence of glutamate oxidase (GLOD). The thermopile has a Seebeck coefficient of ~7 µV·(m·K)−1. The device geometry, together with hydrodynamic focusing, eliminates the need of extensive temperature control. Layer-by-layer assembly is used to immobilize GLOD on the surface of glass coverslips by alternate electrostatic adsorption of polyelectrolyte and GLOD. The impulse injection mode using a 6-port injection valve minimizes sample volume to 5 µL. The sensitivity of the sensor for glutamate is 17.9 nVs·mM−1 in the linear range of 0–54 mM with an R2 value of 0.9873. The lowest detection limit of the sensor for glutamate is 5.3 mM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varun Lingaiah Kopparthy
- The Center for Biomedical Engineering and Rehabilitation Science, Louisiana Tech University, Ruston, LA 71272, USA.
| | - Siva Mahesh Tangutooru
- Department of Mechanical & Industrial Engineering, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Eric J Guilbeau
- The Center for Biomedical Engineering and Rehabilitation Science, Louisiana Tech University, Ruston, LA 71272, USA.
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Monošík R, Streďanský M, Šturdík E. A Biosensor Utilizing l-Glutamate Dehydrogenase and Diaphorase Immobilized on Nanocomposite Electrode for Determination of l-Glutamate in Food Samples. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-012-9468-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Liu Y, Matharu Z, Howland MC, Revzin A, Simonian AL. Affinity and enzyme-based biosensors: recent advances and emerging applications in cell analysis and point-of-care testing. Anal Bioanal Chem 2012; 404:1181-96. [PMID: 22722742 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-012-6149-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2012] [Revised: 05/17/2012] [Accepted: 05/24/2012] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The applications of biosensors range from environmental testing and biowarfare agent detection to clinical testing and cell analysis. In recent years, biosensors have become increasingly prevalent in clinical testing and point-of-care testing. This is driven in part by the desire to decrease the cost of health care, to shift some of the analytical tests from centralized facilities to "frontline" physicians and nurses, and to obtain more precise information more quickly about the health status of a patient. This article gives an overview of recent advances in the field of biosensors, focusing on biosensors based on enzymes, aptamers, antibodies, and phages. In addition, this article attempts to describe efforts to apply these biosensors to clinical testing and cell analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
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Yılmaz D, Karakuş E. Construction of a Potentiometric Glutamate Biosensor for Determination of Glutamate in Some Real Samples. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 39:385-91. [DOI: 10.3109/10731199.2011.611473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Yu Y, Sun Q, Zhou T, Zhu M, Jin L, Shi G. On-line microdialysis system with poly(amidoamine)-encapsulated Pt nanoparticles biosensor for glutamate sensing in vivo. Bioelectrochemistry 2011; 81:53-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2010.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2010] [Accepted: 12/17/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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[C3(OH)2mim][BF4]-Au/Pt biosensor for glutamate sensing in vivo integrated with on-line microdialysis system. Biosens Bioelectron 2011; 26:3227-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2010.12.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2010] [Revised: 12/13/2010] [Accepted: 12/16/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Claussen JC, Artiles MS, McLamore ES, Mohanty S, Shi J, Rickus JL, Fisher TS, Porterfield DM. Electrochemical glutamate biosensing with nanocube and nanosphere augmented single-walled carbon nanotube networks: a comparative study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c1jm11561h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Monitoring of Cellular Dynamics with Electrochemical Detection Techniques. MODERN ASPECTS OF ELECTROCHEMISTRY 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4614-0347-0_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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15
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Electrochemical quantification of reactive oxygen and nitrogen: challenges and opportunities. Anal Bioanal Chem 2009; 394:95-105. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-009-2692-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2008] [Revised: 01/29/2009] [Accepted: 02/09/2009] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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OKA T, TOMINAGA Y, WAKABAYASHI Y, SHOJI A, SUGAWARA M. Comparison of the L-Glutamate Level in Mouse Hippocampal Slices under Tetraethylammonium Chloride Stimulation as Measured with a Glass Capillary Sensor and a Patch Sensor. ANAL SCI 2009; 25:353-8. [DOI: 10.2116/analsci.25.353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takayuki OKA
- Department of Chemistry, College of Humanities and Sciences, Nihon University
| | - Yumiko TOMINAGA
- Department of Chemistry, College of Humanities and Sciences, Nihon University
| | | | - Atsushi SHOJI
- Department of Chemistry, College of Humanities and Sciences, Nihon University
| | - Masao SUGAWARA
- Department of Chemistry, College of Humanities and Sciences, Nihon University
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Zakir Hossain SM, Shinohara H, Kitano H. Drug assessment based on detection of L-glutamate released from C6 glioma cells using an enzyme-luminescence method. Anal Chem 2008; 80:3762-8. [PMID: 18399661 DOI: 10.1021/ac702392p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Monitoring of excitation activity of nerve cells is very useful for not only brain research but also assessment of the effects of various chemicals, including drugs and toxins. We previously reported a novel enzyme-luminescence method for real-time monitoring of l-glutamate release from C6 glioma cells with high levels of sensitivity ( approximately 10 nM) and temporal resolution (<1 s) using a luminescence plate reader. In the present study, we tested the applicability of this novel system for assessment of effects of drugs in vitro. Several drugs (e.g., veratridine and 4-aminopyridine) were administered to C6 glioma cells for inducing glutamate release. Moreover, antagonists of voltage-dependent Ca (2+) channels (e.g., nifedipine, flunarizine, and NiCl 2) and Na (+) channels (e.g., carbamazepine and lidocaine) were applied separately for evaluating the effects of these chemicals on glutamate release from the cells. The combined effect of carbamazepine and lidocaine was also investigated by using our method, and the combined effect was found to be more potent than that of single drug administration. These results indicated that the glutamate release from C6 cells was modulated by these drugs in a way similar to that found by using several conventional analytical techniques. We therefore conclude that the developed monitoring system for real-time detection of dynamic l-glutamate release from cells could be very useful for application to assessment of drugs acting on the nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Zakir Hossain
- Course of Advanced Nano and Biosciences, Graduate School of Innovative Life Science for Education, University of Toyama, 3190 Gofuku, Toyama 930-8555, Japan.
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Spegel C, Heiskanen A, Skjolding L, Emnéus J. Chip Based Electroanalytical Systems for Cell Analysis. ELECTROANAL 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.200704130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Zakir Hossain SM, Shinohara H, Wang F, Kitano H. Real-time detection of L-glutamate released from C6 glioma cells using a modified enzyme-luminescence method. Anal Bioanal Chem 2007; 389:1961-6. [PMID: 17849100 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-007-1569-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2007] [Revised: 08/07/2007] [Accepted: 08/20/2007] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
There is an increasing interest in new strategies to detect neurotransmitters released from nerve cells in real time for brain science, drug assessment, and so on. Previously we reported real-time monitoring of dopamine release from nerve model cells by enzyme-catalyzed luminescence measurement with tyramine oxidase and peroxidase. In the present study, the system was modified with glutamate oxidase instead of tyramine oxidase to detect L-glutamate sensitively ( approximately 10 nM) and rapidly with high temporal resolution (<1 s). We applied this modified method successfully to perform real-time monitoring of L-glutamate release from brain model cell (C6 glioma cell) using a luminescence plate reader upon stimulation with high concentration of KCl (>10 mM) or 5-hydroxytryptamine (>1 microM). The measurement solution was not toxic and therefore the L-glutamate release from the cell was measured by the second stimulation after exchanging the measurement solution. We conclude that the developed monitoring system is suitable for real-time detection of dynamic L-glutamate release from nerve cells in vitro and will be suitable for application in assessment of drugs acting on the nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Zakir Hossain
- Department of Advanced Nano and Biosciences, Graduate School of Innovative Life Science, University of Toyama, 3190 Gofuku, Toyama 930-8555. Japan.
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Sugawara M. Methodological aspects ofin vitro sensing ofL-glutamate in acute brain slices. CHEM REC 2007; 7:317-25. [DOI: 10.1002/tcr.20126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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McMahon CP, Rocchitta G, Kirwan SM, Killoran SJ, Serra PA, Lowry JP, O'Neill RD. Oxygen tolerance of an implantable polymer/enzyme composite glutamate biosensor displaying polycation-enhanced substrate sensitivity. Biosens Bioelectron 2006; 22:1466-73. [PMID: 16887344 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2006.06.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2006] [Revised: 06/17/2006] [Accepted: 06/26/2006] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Biosensors were fabricated at neutral pH by sequentially depositing the polycation polyethyleneimine (PEI), the stereoselective enzyme L-glutamate oxidase (GluOx) and the permselective barrier poly-ortho-phenylenediamine (PPD) onto 125-microm diameter Pt wire electrodes (Pt/PEI/GluOx/PPD). These devices were calibrated amperometrically at 0.7 V versus SCE to determine the Michaelis-Menten parameters for enzyme substrate, l-glutamate (Glu) and co-substrate, dioxygen. The presence of PEI produced a 10-fold enhancement in the detection limit for Glu (approximately 20 nM) compared with the corresponding PEI-free configurations (Pt/GluOx/PPD), without undermining their fast response time (approximately 2 s). Most remarkable was the finding that, although some designs of PEI-containing biosensors showed a 10-fold increase in linear region sensitivity to Glu, their oxygen dependence remained low.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colm P McMahon
- UCD School of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
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22
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Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST/GOT) and Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT/GPT) Detection Techniques. SENSORS 2006. [DOI: 10.3390/s6070756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 201] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Isik S, Castillo J, Blöchl A, Csöregi E, Schuhmann W. Simultaneous detection of L-glutamate and nitric oxide from adherently growing cells at known distance using disk shaped dual electrodes. Bioelectrochemistry 2006; 70:173-9. [PMID: 16733097 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2006.03.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2005] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
An ex vivo system for simultaneous detection of nitric oxide (NO) and L-glutamate using integrated dual 250 microm platinum disk electrodes modified individually with suitable sensing chemistries has been developed. One of the sensors was coated with an electrocatalytic layer of Ni tetrasulfonate phthalocyanine tetrasodium salt (Ni-TSPc) covered by second layer of Nafion, which stabilises on the one hand the primary oxidation product NO(+) and prevents interferences from negatively charged compounds such as NO(2)(-). For glutamate determination, the second electrode was modified with a crosslinked redox hydrogel consisting of Os complex modified poly(vinylimidazol), glutamate oxidase and peroxidase. A manual x-y-z micromanipulator on top of an inverted optical microscope was used to position the dual electrode sensor at a defined distance of 5 microm from a cell population under visual control. C6 glioma cells were stimulated simultaneously with bradykinin or VEGF to release NO while KCl was used to invoke glutamate release. For evaluation of the glutamate sensors, in some experiments HN10 cells were used. To investigate the sensitivity and reliability of the system, several drugs were applied to the cells, e.g. Ca(2+)-channel inhibitors for testing Ca(2+)-dependence of the release of NO and glutamate, rotenone for inducing oxidative stress and glutamate antagonists for analysing glutamate release. With these drugs the NO and glutamate release was modulated in a similar way then expected from previously described systems or even in-vivo measurements. We therefore conclude that our system is suitable to analyse stress-induced mechanisms in cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonnur Isik
- Anal. Chem.-Elektroanalytik and Sensorik, Universitätsstr. 150, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
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Basu AK, Chattopadhyay P, Roychudhuri U, Chakraborty R. A biosensor based on co-immobilized l-glutamate oxidase and l-glutamate dehydrogenase for analysis of monosodium glutamate in food. Biosens Bioelectron 2006; 21:1968-72. [PMID: 16289827 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2005.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2005] [Revised: 09/23/2005] [Accepted: 09/26/2005] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
A monosodium glutamate (MSG) biosensor made by co-immobilized L-glutamate oxidase (L-GLOD) and L-glutamate dehydrogenase (L-GLDH) as the bio-component based on substrate recycling for highly sensitive MSG or L-glutamate determination, has been developed. Regeneration of MSG by substrate recycling provided an amplification of the sensor response. Higher signal amplification was found in the presence of ammonium ion. The sensor was standardized to determine MSG in the range of 0.02-3.0 mg/L. Linearity was obtained from 0.02 to 1.2 mg/L in presence of ammonium ion (10 mM) and NADPH (reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate) (2 mM), but in absence of L-GLDH, the detection limit of MSG is confined to 0.1 mg/L. The apparent Km for MSG with L-GLOD-L-GLDH coupled reaction was 0.4451 mM but 1.9222 mM when only L-GLOD was immobilized. Cross linking with glutaraldehyde in the presence of bovine serum albumin (BSA) as a spacer molecule has been used for the method of immobilization. The response time of the sensor was 2 min. The optimum pH and temperature of the biosensor has been determined as 7+/-2 and 25+/-2 degrees C, respectively. The enzyme immobilized on the membrane was used for over 50 measurements. The standard error of the sample measurement was 4-5%. The activity of the enzyme-immobilized membrane was tested over a period of 60 days.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjan Kumar Basu
- Department of Food Technology and Biochemical Engineering, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India
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HIRANO A. Development of Biosensing Methods for Extracellular Neuronal Messengers and Their Application to In Situ Detection in Acute Brain Slices. BUNSEKI KAGAKU 2006. [DOI: 10.2116/bunsekikagaku.55.535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ayumi HIRANO
- Division of Neurophysiology, National Institute for Medical Research
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Zhang M, Mullens C, Gorski W. Chitosan-Glutamate Oxidase Gels: Synthesis, Characterization, and Glutamate Determination. ELECTROANAL 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.200503348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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Nakamura N, Negishi K, Hirano A, Sugawara M. Real-time monitoring of L-glutamate release from mouse brain slices under ischemia with a glass capillary-based enzyme electrode. Anal Bioanal Chem 2005; 383:660-7. [PMID: 16158299 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-005-0033-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2005] [Revised: 07/12/2005] [Accepted: 07/18/2005] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Real-time monitoring of L-glutamate release from various neuronal regions of mouse hippocampal slices under ischemia (a glucose-free hypoxia condition) is described. A glass capillary microelectrode with a tip size of approximately 10 microm containing a very small volume ( approximately 2 microL) of a solution of glutamate oxidase (GluOx) and ascorbate oxidase was used. First, the amperometric response behavior of the electrode at 0 V versus Ag/AgCl was characterized with a standard glutamate solution in terms of continuous measurements, effect of oxygen, viscosity of solution and concentration dependence. The electrode was applied to the real-time monitoring of L-glutamate released from different neuronal regions of acute hippocampal slices submerged in a hypoxia solution. The time-resolved amounts of L-glutamate released at various neuronal regions (CA1, CA3 and DG) of mouse hippocampal slices were quantified and compared with the reported L-glutamate fluxes using difference-image analysis during ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoto Nakamura
- Department of Chemistry, College of Humanities and Sciences, Nihon University, Sakurajousui, Setagaya, Tokyo 156-8550, Japan
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