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Steiner D, Meyer A, Immohr LI, Pein-Hackelbusch M. Critical View on the Qualification of Electronic Tongues Regarding Their Performance in the Development of Peroral Drug Formulations with Bitter Ingredients. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:658. [PMID: 38794320 PMCID: PMC11125162 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16050658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
In this review, we aim to highlight the advantages, challenges, and limitations of electronic tongues (e-tongues) in pharmaceutical drug development. The authors, therefore, critically evaluated the performance of e-tongues regarding their qualification to assess peroral formulations containing bitter active pharmaceutical ingredients. A literature search using the keywords 'electronic', 'tongue', 'bitter', and 'drug' in a Web of Science search was therefore initially conducted. Reviewing the publications of the past decade, and further literature where necessary, allowed the authors to discuss whether and how e-tongues perform as expected and whether they have the potential to become a standard tool in drug development. Specifically highlighted are the expectations an e-tongue should meet. Further, a brief insight into the technologies of the utilized e-tongues is given. Reliable protocols were found that enable (i) the qualified performance of e-tongue instruments from an analytical perspective, (ii) proper taste-masking assessments, and (iii) under certain circumstances, the evaluation of bitterness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise Steiner
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, University of Muenster, Corrensstraße 48, 48149 Muenster, Germany;
| | - Alexander Meyer
- Institute for Life Science Technologies (ILT.NRW), Ostwestfalen-Lippe University of Applied Sciences and Arts, Campusallee 12, 32657 Lemgo, Germany
| | | | - Miriam Pein-Hackelbusch
- Institute for Life Science Technologies (ILT.NRW), Ostwestfalen-Lippe University of Applied Sciences and Arts, Campusallee 12, 32657 Lemgo, Germany
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2
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Qin Y, Zhou Y, Yan X, Qin Z, Mao Y, Tian S. Establishment of a new cell-based assay to quantitatively evaluate the sweetness of sugar and sugar alcohol. Food Chem 2024; 434:137436. [PMID: 37742552 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.137436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Sweetness is a crucial indicator for identifying sweeteners used for flavor regulation and nutritional matching of foods. This study established a new quantitative sweetness evaluation method based on a combination of transiently transfected sweet taste receptor cells (STRs) and human sensory evaluation. Here, nine different sweeteners were evaluated and 10 sensory difference intensities and their corresponding concentrations were obtained through sensory evaluation. Using the same concentration solution as in the sensory evaluation, the dosage-response curve and EC50 of the nine sweeteners were obtained by analyzing the intracellular calcium signal fluctuation of STRs. Data analysis revealed that the calcium signal intensity and sweetness intensity under the same concentration of sweetener presented a strong linear correlation (R2 > 0.9). Additionally, we found a favorable correlation (R2 = 0.8746) between the relative sweetness and EC50. These findings indicate that the quantitative evaluation of sweetness based on STRs could be a potential alternative to human sensory evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumei Qin
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China; Food Safety Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Yufei Zhou
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Xue Yan
- Zhejiang Guangsha Vocational and Technical University of Construction, Jinhua 32210, China
| | - Zihan Qin
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Yuezhong Mao
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China; Food Safety Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Shiyi Tian
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China; Food Safety Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China.
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3
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Li Y, Langley N, Zhang J. Recent Advances in Bitterness-Sensing Systems. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:bios13040414. [PMID: 37185489 PMCID: PMC10136117 DOI: 10.3390/bios13040414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Bitterness is one of the basic tastes, and sensing bitterness plays a significant role in mammals recognizing toxic substances. The bitter taste of food and oral medicines may decrease consumer compliance. As a result, many efforts have been made to mask or decrease the bitterness in food and oral pharmaceutical products. The detection of bitterness is critical to evaluate how successful the taste-masking technology is, and many novel taste-sensing systems have been developed on the basis of various interaction mechanisms. In this review, we summarize the progress of bitterness response mechanisms and the development of novel sensors in detecting bitterness ranging from commercial electronic devices based on modified electrodes to micro-type sensors functionalized with taste cells, polymeric membranes, and other materials in the last two decades. The challenges and potential solutions to improve the taste sensor quality are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqi Li
- Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
| | - Nigel Langley
- Gaylord Chemical Company LLC, 1404 Greengate Dr, Ste 100, Covington, LA 70433, USA
| | - Jiantao Zhang
- Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
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Tian Y, Wang P, Du L, Wu C. Advances in gustatory biomimetic biosensing technologies: In vitro and in vivo bioelectronic tongue. Trends Analyt Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2022.116778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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5
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Vahdatiyekta P, Zniber M, Bobacka J, Huynh TP. A review on conjugated polymer-based electronic tongues. Anal Chim Acta 2022; 1221:340114. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2022.340114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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6
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Sierra-Padilla A, García-Guzmán JJ, López-Iglesias D, Palacios-Santander JM, Cubillana-Aguilera L. E-Tongues/Noses Based on Conducting Polymers and Composite Materials: Expanding the Possibilities in Complex Analytical Sensing. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 21:4976. [PMID: 34372213 PMCID: PMC8347095 DOI: 10.3390/s21154976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 07/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Conducting polymers (CPs) are extensively studied due to their high versatility and electrical properties, as well as their high environmental stability. Based on the above, their applications as electronic devices are promoted and constitute an interesting matter of research. This review summarizes their application in common electronic devices and their implementation in electronic tongues and noses systems (E-tongues and E-noses, respectively). The monitoring of diverse factors with these devices by multivariate calibration methods for different applications is also included. Lastly, a critical discussion about the enclosed analytical potential of several conducting polymer-based devices in electronic systems reported in literature will be offered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfonso Sierra-Padilla
- Institute of Research on Electron Microscopy and Materials (IMEYMAT), Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Campus de Excelencia Internacional del Mar (CEIMAR), University of Cadiz, Campus Universitario de Puerto Real, Polígono del Río San Pedro S/N, 11510 Puerto Real, Cadiz, Spain; (A.S.-P.); (L.C.-A.)
| | - Juan José García-Guzmán
- Instituto de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica de Cadiz (INiBICA), Hospital Universitario ‘Puerta del Mar’, Universidad de Cadiz, 11009 Cadiz, Cadiz, Spain;
| | - David López-Iglesias
- Institute of Research on Electron Microscopy and Materials (IMEYMAT), Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Campus de Excelencia Internacional del Mar (CEIMAR), University of Cadiz, Campus Universitario de Puerto Real, Polígono del Río San Pedro S/N, 11510 Puerto Real, Cadiz, Spain; (A.S.-P.); (L.C.-A.)
| | - José María Palacios-Santander
- Institute of Research on Electron Microscopy and Materials (IMEYMAT), Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Campus de Excelencia Internacional del Mar (CEIMAR), University of Cadiz, Campus Universitario de Puerto Real, Polígono del Río San Pedro S/N, 11510 Puerto Real, Cadiz, Spain; (A.S.-P.); (L.C.-A.)
| | - Laura Cubillana-Aguilera
- Institute of Research on Electron Microscopy and Materials (IMEYMAT), Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Campus de Excelencia Internacional del Mar (CEIMAR), University of Cadiz, Campus Universitario de Puerto Real, Polígono del Río San Pedro S/N, 11510 Puerto Real, Cadiz, Spain; (A.S.-P.); (L.C.-A.)
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7
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Ghasemi-Varnamkhasti M, Apetrei C, Lozano J, Anyogu A. Potential use of electronic noses, electronic tongues and biosensors as multisensor systems for spoilage examination in foods. Trends Food Sci Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2018.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Fatemi Heydarabad SA, Raoufat MH, Kamgar S, Karami A. Design, development and evaluation of a single-task electronic nose rig for assessing adulterated hydrosols. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-018-9924-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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9
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Jiang H, Zhang M, Bhandari B, Adhikari B. Application of electronic tongue for fresh foods quality evaluation: A review. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2018.1424184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hongyao Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Min Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Advanced Food Manufacturing Equipment and Technology, Jiangnan University,Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bhesh Bhandari
- School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Benu Adhikari
- School of Applied Sciences, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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Garçon LA, Genua M, Hou Y, Buhot A, Calemczuk R, Livache T, Billon M, Le Narvor C, Bonnaffé D, Lortat-Jacob H, Hou Y. A Versatile Electronic Tongue Based on Surface Plasmon Resonance Imaging and Cross-Reactive Sensor Arrays-A Mini-Review. SENSORS 2017; 17:s17051046. [PMID: 28481254 PMCID: PMC5469651 DOI: 10.3390/s17051046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Revised: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 05/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Nowadays, there is a strong demand for the development of new analytical devices with novel performances to improve the quality of our daily lives. In this context, multisensor systems such as electronic tongues (eTs) have emerged as promising alternatives. Recently, we have developed a new versatile eT system by coupling surface plasmon resonance imaging (SPRi) with cross-reactive sensor arrays. In order to largely simplify the preparation of sensing materials with a great diversity, an innovative combinatorial approach was proposed by combining and mixing a small number of easily accessible molecules displaying different physicochemical properties. The obtained eT was able to generate 2D continuous evolution profile (CEP) and 3D continuous evolution landscape (CEL), which is also called 3D image, with valuable kinetic information, for the discrimination and classification of samples. Here, diverse applications of such a versatile eT have been summarized. It is not only effective for pure protein analysis, capable of differentiating protein isoforms such as chemokines CXCL12α and CXCL12γ, but can also be generalized for the analysis of complex mixtures, such as milk samples, with promising potential for monitoring the deterioration of milk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurie-Amandine Garçon
- Institut Nanosciences et Cryogénie, University of Grenoble Alpes, INAC-SyMMES, F-38000 Grenoble, France.
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, SyMMES UMR 5819, F-38000 Grenoble, France.
- Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives (CEA), INAC-SyMMES, F-38000 Grenoble, France.
- Institut Néel, F-38000 Grenoble, France.
| | - Maria Genua
- Institut Nanosciences et Cryogénie, University of Grenoble Alpes, INAC-SyMMES, F-38000 Grenoble, France.
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, SyMMES UMR 5819, F-38000 Grenoble, France.
- Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives (CEA), INAC-SyMMES, F-38000 Grenoble, France.
| | - Yanjie Hou
- Institut Nanosciences et Cryogénie, University of Grenoble Alpes, INAC-SyMMES, F-38000 Grenoble, France.
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, SyMMES UMR 5819, F-38000 Grenoble, France.
- Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives (CEA), INAC-SyMMES, F-38000 Grenoble, France.
| | - Arnaud Buhot
- Institut Nanosciences et Cryogénie, University of Grenoble Alpes, INAC-SyMMES, F-38000 Grenoble, France.
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, SyMMES UMR 5819, F-38000 Grenoble, France.
- Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives (CEA), INAC-SyMMES, F-38000 Grenoble, France.
| | - Roberto Calemczuk
- Institut Nanosciences et Cryogénie, University of Grenoble Alpes, INAC-SyMMES, F-38000 Grenoble, France.
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, SyMMES UMR 5819, F-38000 Grenoble, France.
- Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives (CEA), INAC-SyMMES, F-38000 Grenoble, France.
| | - Thierry Livache
- Institut Nanosciences et Cryogénie, University of Grenoble Alpes, INAC-SyMMES, F-38000 Grenoble, France.
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, SyMMES UMR 5819, F-38000 Grenoble, France.
- Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives (CEA), INAC-SyMMES, F-38000 Grenoble, France.
| | - Martial Billon
- Institut Nanosciences et Cryogénie, University of Grenoble Alpes, INAC-SyMMES, F-38000 Grenoble, France.
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, SyMMES UMR 5819, F-38000 Grenoble, France.
- Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives (CEA), INAC-SyMMES, F-38000 Grenoble, France.
| | - Christine Le Narvor
- ICMMO/G2M/LCOM, UMR 8182 (CNRS-UPS), LabEx LERMIT, Université Paris-Sud 11, 91405 Orsay CEDEX, France.
| | - David Bonnaffé
- ICMMO/G2M/LCOM, UMR 8182 (CNRS-UPS), LabEx LERMIT, Université Paris-Sud 11, 91405 Orsay CEDEX, France.
| | - Hugues Lortat-Jacob
- Institut de Biologie Structurale, University of Grenoble Alpes, UMR 5075, 38027 Grenoble, France.
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Biologie Structurale, UMR 5075, 38027 Grenoble, France.
- Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives (CEA), Institut de Biologie Structurale, UMR 5075, 38027 Grenoble, France.
| | - Yanxia Hou
- Institut Nanosciences et Cryogénie, University of Grenoble Alpes, INAC-SyMMES, F-38000 Grenoble, France.
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, SyMMES UMR 5819, F-38000 Grenoble, France.
- Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives (CEA), INAC-SyMMES, F-38000 Grenoble, France.
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Karunathilaka SR, Farris S, Mossoba MM, Moore JC, Yakes BJ. Non-targeted detection of milk powder adulteration using Raman spectroscopy and chemometrics: melamine case study. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2016; 34:170-182. [DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2016.1260168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sanjeewa R. Karunathilaka
- US Food and Drug Administration (USFDA), Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, Office of Regulatory Science, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Samantha Farris
- US Food and Drug Administration (USFDA), Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, Office of Regulatory Science, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Magdi M. Mossoba
- US Food and Drug Administration (USFDA), Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, Office of Regulatory Science, College Park, MD, USA
| | | | - Betsy Jean Yakes
- US Food and Drug Administration (USFDA), Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, Office of Regulatory Science, College Park, MD, USA
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12
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Tian H, Feng T, Xiao Z, Song S, Li Z, Liu Q, Mao D, Li F. Comparison of intensities and binary interactions of four basic tastes between an electronic tongue and a human tongue. Food Sci Biotechnol 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s10068-015-0222-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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13
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Whulanza Y, Ucciferri N, Domenici C, Vozzi G, Ahluwalia A. Sensing scaffolds to monitor cellular activity using impedance measurements. Biosens Bioelectron 2011; 26:3303-8. [PMID: 21256732 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2011.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2010] [Revised: 11/28/2010] [Accepted: 01/04/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Scaffolds are cell adhesive matrices for the realisation of tissue constructs. Here we describe how scaffolds for tissue engineering can also be used as sensors for monitoring cellular activity such as adhesion and spreading. Carbon nanotube polymer composites were fabricated into membranes and scaffolds with electro-conductive properties. Impedance techniques were used to measure the effects of media and cell cultures on composite membranes and the results were analysed using lumped parameter models. We show that protein adhesion can be distinguished from cell adhesion as the impedance changes are much smaller for the latter (5%). In the presence of cells, impedance changes are of the order of 40% and can be correlated with adhesion, spreading and changes in cell density.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yudan Whulanza
- Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca E. Piaggio, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
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14
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Chang KH, Chen RL, Hsieh BC, Chen PC, Hsiao HY, Nieh CH, Cheng TJ. A hand-held electronic tongue based on fluorometry for taste assessment of tea. Biosens Bioelectron 2010; 26:1507-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2010.07.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2010] [Revised: 07/19/2010] [Accepted: 07/26/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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15
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Vlasov YG, Ermolenko YE, Legin AV, Rudnitskaya AM, Kolodnikov VV. Chemical sensors and their systems. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2010. [DOI: 10.1134/s1061934810090029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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17
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Escuder-Gilabert L, Peris M. Review: highlights in recent applications of electronic tongues in food analysis. Anal Chim Acta 2010; 665:15-25. [PMID: 20381685 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2010.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 226] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2009] [Revised: 02/19/2010] [Accepted: 03/08/2010] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
This paper examines the main features of modern electronic tongues (e-tongues) and their most important applications in food analysis in this new century. The components of an e-tongue (automatic sampler, array of chemical sensors, and data processing system) are described. Applications commented include process monitoring, freshness evaluation and shelf-life investigation, authenticity assessment, foodstuff recognition, quantitative analysis, and other quality control studies. Finally, some interesting remarks concerning the strengths and weaknesses of e-tongues in food analysis are also mentioned.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Escuder-Gilabert
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Universitat de València, C/Vicente Andrés Estellés s/n, E-46100 Burjasot, Valencia, Spain
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18
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Zeravik J, Hlavacek A, Lacina K, Skládal P. State of the Art in the Field of Electronic and Bioelectronic Tongues â Towards the Analysis of Wines. ELECTROANAL 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.200900285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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19
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Vlasov YG, Legin AV, Rudnitskaya AM. Electronic tongue: Chemical sensor systems for analysis of aquatic media. RUSS J GEN CHEM+ 2009. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070363208120335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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20
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Moreira LF, de Vasconcelos Lanza MR, Tanaka AA, Taboada Sotomayor MDP. Selective UV-filter detection with sensors based on stainless steel electrodes modified with polyaniline doped with metal tetrasulfonated phthalocyanine films. Analyst 2009; 134:1453-61. [DOI: 10.1039/b902273b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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21
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Mazzoldi A, Tesconi M, Tognetti A, Rocchia W, Vozzi G, Pioggia G, Ahluwalia A, De Rossi D. Electroactive carbon nanotube actuators: Soft-lithographic fabrication and electro-chemical modelling. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2007.04.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Pioggia G, Francesco FD, Ferro M, Sorrentino F, Salvo P, Ahluwalia A. Characterization of a carbon nanotube polymer composite sensor for an impedimetric electronic tongue. Mikrochim Acta 2008. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-008-0952-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Lange U, Roznyatovskaya NV, Mirsky VM. Conducting polymers in chemical sensors and arrays. Anal Chim Acta 2008; 614:1-26. [PMID: 18405677 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2008.02.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 403] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2007] [Revised: 02/22/2008] [Accepted: 02/27/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The review covers main applications of conducting polymers in chemical sensors and biosensors. The first part is focused on intrinsic and induced receptor properties of conducting polymers, such as pH sensitivity, sensitivity to inorganic ions and organic molecules as well as sensitivity to gases. Induced receptor properties can be also formed by molecularly imprinted polymerization or by immobilization of biological receptors. Immobilization strategies are reviewed in the second part. The third part is focused on applications of conducting polymers as transducers and includes usual optical (fluorescence, SPR, etc.) and electrical (conductometric, amperometric, potentiometric, etc.) transducing techniques as well as organic chemosensitive semiconductor devices. An assembly of stable sensing structures requires strong binding of conducting polymers to solid supports. These aspects are discussed in the next part. Finally, an application of combinatorial synthesis and high-throughput analysis to the development and optimization of sensing materials is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrich Lange
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Chemo- and Biosensors, University of Regensburg, D-93040 Regensburg, Germany
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24
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Ahmed M, Hossain M, Tamiya E. Electrochemical Biosensors for Medical and Food Applications. ELECTROANAL 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.200704121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Abstract
Electronic tongue systems are multisensor devices dedicated to automatic analysis of complicated composition samples and to the recognition of their characteristic properties. Recently, the number of publications covering this topic has significantly increased. Many possible architectures of such devices were proposed: potentiometric, voltammetric, as well as approaches embracing mass- and optical-sensors. For the analysis of sensor array data, various pattern recognition systems were proposed. All of these topics are summarized in this review. Moreover, additional problems are considered: miniaturization of electronic tongues and hybrid systems for liquid sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrycja Ciosek
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland.
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