1
|
Clinical Application of the Novel Cell-Based Biosensor for the Ultra-Rapid Detection of the SARS-CoV-2 S1 Spike Protein Antigen: A Practical Approach. BIOSENSORS 2021; 11:bios11070224. [PMID: 34356695 PMCID: PMC8301797 DOI: 10.3390/bios11070224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The availability of antigen tests for SARS-CoV-2 represents a major step for the mass surveillance of the incidence of infection, especially regarding COVID-19 asymptomatic and/or early-stage patients. Recently, we reported the development of a Bioelectric Recognition Assay-based biosensor able to detect the SARS-CoV-2 S1 spike protein expressed on the surface of the virus in just three minutes, with high sensitivity and selectivity. The working principle was established by measuring the change of the electric potential of membrane-engineered mammalian cells bearing the human chimeric spike S1 antibody after attachment of the respective viral protein. In the present study, we applied the novel biosensor to patient-derived nasopharyngeal samples in a clinical set-up, with absolutely no sample pretreatment. More importantly, membrane-engineered cells were pre-immobilized in a proprietary biomatrix, thus enabling their long-term preservation prior to use as well as significantly increasing their ease-of-handle as test consumables. The plug-and-apply novel biosensor was able to detect the virus in positive samples with a 92.8% success rate compared to RT-PCR. No false negative results were recorded. These findings demonstrate the potential applicability of the biosensor for the early, routine mass screening of SARS-CoV-2 on a scale not yet realized.
Collapse
|
2
|
Lewicki J, Bergman J, Kerins C, Hermanson O. Optimization of 3D bioprinting of human neuroblastoma cells using sodium alginate hydrogel. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bprint.2019.e00053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
|
3
|
Ye Y, Guo H, Sun X. Recent progress on cell-based biosensors for analysis of food safety and quality control. Biosens Bioelectron 2018; 126:389-404. [PMID: 30469077 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2018.10.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Revised: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Food quality and safety has become a subject of major concern for authorities and professionals in the food supply chain. Rapid methods, particularly biosensors, have exceptional specificity and sensitivity, rapid response times, low cost, relatively compact size, and are user friendly to operate. Cell-based biosensors are portable, and provide the biological activity of the analyte suitable for an initial screening of food. In this overview, the utilization of cell-based biosensors for food safety and quality analyses, such as detecting toxins, foodborne pathogens, allergens, and evaluating toxicity and function are summarized. Our results will promote the future development of cell-based biosensors in the food field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yongli Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, PR China
| | - Hongyan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, PR China
| | - Xiulan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Apostolou T, Pascual N, Marco MP, Moschos A, Petropoulos A, Kaltsas G, Kintzios S. Extraction-less, rapid assay for the direct detection of 2,4,6-trichloroanisole (TCA) in cork samples. Talanta 2014; 125:336-40. [PMID: 24840453 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2014.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2014] [Revised: 02/26/2014] [Accepted: 03/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
2,4,6-trichloroanisole (TCA), the cork taint molecule, has been the target of several analytical approaches over the few past years. In spite of the development of highly efficient and sensitive tools for its detection, ranging from advanced chromatography to biosensor-based techniques, a practical breakthrough for routine cork screening purposes has not yet been realized, in part due to the requirement of a lengthy extraction of TCA in organic solvents, mostly 12% ethanol and the high detectability required. In the present report, we present a modification of a previously reported biosensor system based on the measurement of the electric response of cultured fibroblast cells membrane-engineered with the pAb78 TCA-specific antibody. Samples were prepared by macerating cork tissue and mixing it directly with the cellular biorecognition elements, without any intervening extraction process. By using this novel approach, we were able to detect TCA in just five minutes at extremely low concentrations (down to 0.2 ppt). The novel biosensor offers a number of practical benefits, including a very considerable reduction in the total assay time by one day, and a full portability, enabling its direct employment for on-site, high throughput screening of cork in the field and production facilities, without requiring any type of supporting infrastructure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Theofylaktos Apostolou
- Faculty of Biotechnology, School of Food, Biotechnology and Development, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, Greece
| | - Nuria Pascual
- Nanobiotechnology for Diagnostics (Nb4D) Group, IQAC-CSIC, Jordi Girona, 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Spain
| | - M-Pilar Marco
- Nanobiotechnology for Diagnostics (Nb4D) Group, IQAC-CSIC, Jordi Girona, 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Spain
| | - Anastassios Moschos
- Department of Electronics, Technical Educational Institute (T.E.I.) of Athens, Greece
| | | | - Grigoris Kaltsas
- Department of Electronics, Technical Educational Institute (T.E.I.) of Athens, Greece
| | - Spyridon Kintzios
- Faculty of Biotechnology, School of Food, Biotechnology and Development, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, Greece.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Larsen BE, Sandvik JA, Karlsen J, Pettersen EO, Melvik JE. Oxygen consumption in T-47D cells immobilized in alginate. Cell Prolif 2013; 46:469-81. [PMID: 23869767 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2013] [Accepted: 04/06/2013] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Encapsulation or entrapment of cells is increasingly being used in a wide variety of scientific studies for tissue engineering and development of novel medical devices. The effect on cell metabolism of such systems is, in general, not well characterized. In this work, a simple system for monitoring respiration of cells embedded in 3-D alginate cultures was characterized. MATERIALS AND METHODS T-47D cells were cultured in alginate gels. Oxygen concentration curves were recorded within cell-gel constructs using two different sensor systems, and cell viability and metabolic state were characterized using confocal microscopy and commercially available stains. RESULTS At sufficient depth within constructs, recorded oxygen concentration curves were not significantly influenced by influx of oxygen through cell-gel layers and oxygen consumption rate could be calculated simply by dividing oxygen loss in the system per time, by the number of cells. This conclusion was supported by a 3-D numeric simulation. For the T-47D cells, the oxygen consumption rate was found to be 61 ± 6 fmol/cell/h, 3-4 times less than has previously been found for these cells, when grown exponentially in monolayer culture. CONCLUSIONS The experimental set-up presented here may be varied in multiple ways by changing the cell-gel construct 3-D microenvironment, easily allowing investigation of a variety of factors on cell respiration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B E Larsen
- School of Pharmacy, Universiy of Oslo, Oslo, 0316, Norway.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Wright B, Cave RA, Cook JP, Khutoryanskiy VV, Mi S, Chen B, Leyland M, Connon CJ. Enhanced viability of corneal epithelial cells for efficient transport/storage using a structurally modified calcium alginate hydrogel. Regen Med 2012; 7:295-307. [PMID: 22594324 DOI: 10.2217/rme.12.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Therapeutic limbal epithelial stem cells could be managed more efficiently if clinically validated batches were transported for 'on-demand' use. MATERIALS & METHODS In this study, corneal epithelial cell viability in calcium alginate hydrogels was examined under cell culture, ambient and chilled conditions for up to 7 days. RESULTS Cell viability improved as gel internal pore size increased, and was further enhanced with modification of the gel from a mass to a thin disc. Ambient storage conditions were optimal for supporting cell viability in gel discs. Cell viability in gel discs was significantly enhanced with increases in pore size mediated by hydroxyethyl cellulose. CONCLUSION Our novel methodology of controlling alginate gel shape and pore size together provides a more practical and economical alternative to established corneal tissue/cell storage methods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bernice Wright
- Stem Cells & Nanomaterials Laboratory, Reading School of Pharmacy, Hopkins Building, University of Reading, Berkshire, RG6 6UB, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Studies on neuronal differentiation and signalling processes with a novel impedimetric biosensor. Biosens Bioelectron 2010; 26:1407-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2010.07.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2010] [Revised: 07/08/2010] [Accepted: 07/17/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
8
|
Evaluation of the antioxidants activities of four Slovene medicinal plant species by traditional and novel biosensory assays. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2010; 53:773-6. [PMID: 20541883 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2010.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2010] [Revised: 05/10/2010] [Accepted: 05/12/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the antioxidant activity of methanolic and water extracts of Slovene accessions of four medicinal plant species (Salvia officinalis, Achillea millefolium, Origanum vulgare subsp. vulgare and Gentiana lutea). Their free radical-scavenging activity against the DPPH. free radical was studied with a spectrophotometric assay, while their biological activity with the help of a laboratory-made biosensor based on immobilized fibroblast cells (assay duration: 3 min). The observed antioxidant activity of the extracts from the four investigated medicinal plant species was dependent on both the solvent used for extraction and the assay method (conventional or biosensor-based). Independently from the assay method and the solvent used for extraction, the lowest scavenging activity was observed in root extracts of G. lutea. Treatment of the immobilized cells with the plant extracts resulted in an increase of the cell membrane potential (membrane hyperpolarization), possibly due to the reduction of membrane damage due to oxidation. The novel cell biosensor could be utilized as a rapid, high throughput tool for screening the antioxidant properties of plant-derived compounds.
Collapse
|
9
|
Katsanakis N, Katsivelis A, Kintzios S. Immobilization of electroporated cells for fabrication of cellular biosensors: physiological effects of the shape of calcium alginate matrices and foetal calf serum. SENSORS 2009; 9:378-85. [PMID: 22389606 PMCID: PMC3280752 DOI: 10.3390/s90100378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2008] [Revised: 12/18/2008] [Accepted: 12/26/2008] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In order to investigate the physiological effect of transfected cell immobilization in calcium alginate gels, we immobilized electroporated Vero cells in gels shaped either as spherical beads or as thin membrane layers. In addition, we investigated whether serum addition had a positive effect on cell proliferation and viability in either gel configuration. The gels were stored for four weeks in a medium supplemented or not with 20% (v/v) foetal calf serum. Throughout a culture period of four weeks, cell proliferation and cell viability were assayed by optical microscopy after provision of Trypan Blue. Non-elaborate culture conditions (room temperature, non-CO2 enriched culture atmosphere) were applied throughout the experimental period in order to evaluate cell viability under less than optimal storage conditions. Immobilization of electroporated cells was associated with an initially reduced cell viability, which was gradually increased. Immobilization was associated with maintenance of cell growth for the duration of the experimental period, whereas electroporated cells essentially died after a week in suspension culture. Considerable proliferation of immobilized cells was observed in spherical alginate beads. In both gel configurations, addition of serum was associated with increased cell proliferation. The results of the present study could contribute to an improvement of the storability of biosensors based on electroporated, genetically or membrane-engineered cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nikos Katsanakis
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agricultural Biotechnology, Agricultural University of Athens, Greece
| | - Andreas Katsivelis
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agricultural Biotechnology, Agricultural University of Athens, Greece
| | - Spiridon Kintzios
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agricultural Biotechnology, Agricultural University of Athens, Greece
- EMBIO Diagnostics Project, Nicosia, Cyprus
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-mail: ; Tel.: +302105294292; Fax: +30 210 5294286
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
DING SN, SHAN D, XUE HG, ZHU DB, COSNIER S. Glucose Oxidase Immobilized in Alginate/Layered Double Hydroxides Hybrid Membrane and Its Biosensing Application. ANAL SCI 2009; 25:1421-5. [DOI: 10.2116/analsci.25.1421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shou-Nian DING
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Southeast University
| | - Dan SHAN
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University
| | - Huai-Guo XUE
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University
| | - Dao-Bin ZHU
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University
| | - Serge COSNIER
- Départment de Chimie Moléculaire UMR 5250, ICMG FR 2607, CNRS Université Joseph Fourier
| |
Collapse
|