1
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Kmiec MM, Hou H, Lakshmi Kuppusamy M, Drews TM, Prabhat AM, Petryakov SV, Demidenko E, Schaner PE, Buckey JC, Blank A, Kuppusamy P. Transcutaneous oxygen measurement in humans using a paramagnetic skin adhesive film. Magn Reson Med 2018; 81:781-794. [PMID: 30277275 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.27445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Revised: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Transcutaneous oxygen tension (TcpO2 ) provides information about blood perfusion in the tissue immediately below the skin. These data are valuable in assessing wound healing problems, diagnosing peripheral vascular/arterial insufficiency, and predicting disease progression or the response to therapy. Currently, TcpO2 is primarily measured using electrochemical skin sensors, which consume oxygen and are prone to calibration errors. The goal of the present study was to develop a reliable method for TcpO2 measurement in human subjects. METHODS We have developed a novel TcpO2 oximetry method based on electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) principles with an oxygen-sensing skin adhesive film, named the superficial perfusion oxygen tension (SPOT) chip. The SPOT chip is a 3-mm diameter, 60-μm thick circular film composed of a stable paramagnetic oxygen sensor. The chip is covered with an oxygen-barrier material on one side and secured on the skin by a medical adhesive transfer tape to ensure that only the oxygen that diffuses through the skin surface is measured. The method quantifies TcpO2 through the linewidth of the EPR spectrum. RESULTS Repeated measurements using a cohort of 10 healthy human subjects showed that the TcpO2 measurements were robust, reliable, and reproducible. The TcpO2 values ranged from 7.8 ± 0.8 to 22.0 ± 1.0 mmHg in the volar forearm skin (N = 29) and 8.1 ± 0.3 to 23.4 ± 1.3 mmHg in the foot (N = 86). CONCLUSIONS The results demonstrated that the SPOT chip can measure TcpO2 reliably and repeatedly under ambient conditions. The SPOT chip method could potentially be used to monitor TcpO2 in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maciej M Kmiec
- Department of Radiology, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, New Hampshire
| | - Huagang Hou
- Department of Radiology, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, New Hampshire
| | - M Lakshmi Kuppusamy
- Department of Radiology, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, New Hampshire
| | - Thomas M Drews
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts
| | - Anjali M Prabhat
- Department of Radiology, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, New Hampshire
| | - Sergey V Petryakov
- Department of Radiology, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, New Hampshire
| | - Eugene Demidenko
- Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, New Hampshire
| | - Philip E Schaner
- Department of Medicine, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, New Hampshire
| | - Jay C Buckey
- Department of Medicine, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, New Hampshire
| | - Aharon Blank
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry Technion, Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Periannan Kuppusamy
- Department of Radiology, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, New Hampshire.,Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts
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2
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Elewa M, Maltar-Strmečki N, Said MM, El Shihawy HA, El-Sadek M, Frank J, Drescher S, Drescher M, Mäder K, Hinderberger D, Imming P. Synthesis and EPR-spectroscopic characterization of the perchlorotriarylmethyl tricarboxylic acid radical (PTMTC) and its 13C labelled analogue (13C-PTMTC). Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 19:6688-6697. [PMID: 28210718 DOI: 10.1039/c6cp07200c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A hydrophilic tris(tetrachlorotriaryl)methyl (tetrachloro-TAM) radical labelled 50% with 13C at the central carbon atom was prepared. The mixture of isotopologue radicals was characterised by continuous wave and pulsed X-band electron paramagnetic spectroscopy (EPS). For the pharmaceutical and medical applications planned, the quantitative influence of oxygen, viscosity, temperature and pH on EPR line widths was studied in aqueous buffer, DMSO, water-methanol and water-glycerol mixtures. Under in vivo conditions, pH can be disregarded. There is a clear oxygen dependence of the width of the 12C isotopologue single EPR line in aqueous solutions while changes in rotational motion (viscosity) are observable only in the doublet lines of the central carbon of the 13C isotopologue. The tetrachloro-TAM proved to be very stable as a solid. Its thermal decay was determined quantitatively by thermal annealing. Towards ascorbic acid as a reducing agent and towards an oocyte cell extract it had a half-life of approx. 60 and 10 min. Thus for in vivo applications, 50% 13C tetrachloro-TAMs are suitable for selective and simultaneous oxygen and macroviscosity measurements in a formulation, e.g. nanocapsules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa Elewa
- Institut für Pharmazie, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Wolfgang-Langenbeck-Str. 4, 06120 Halle, Germany. and Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, P.O. 41522, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Nadica Maltar-Strmečki
- Institut für Chemie, Physikalische Chemie, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Von-Danckelmann-Platz 4, 06120 Halle, Germany.
| | - Mohamed M Said
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, P.O. 41522, Ismailia, Egypt
| | | | | | - Juliane Frank
- Institut für Pharmazie, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Wolfgang-Langenbeck-Str. 4, 06120 Halle, Germany.
| | - Simon Drescher
- Institut für Pharmazie, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Wolfgang-Langenbeck-Str. 4, 06120 Halle, Germany.
| | - Malte Drescher
- Department of Chemistry and Konstanz Research School Chemical Biology, University of Konstanz, 78457 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Karsten Mäder
- Institut für Pharmazie, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Wolfgang-Langenbeck-Str. 4, 06120 Halle, Germany.
| | - Dariush Hinderberger
- Institut für Chemie, Physikalische Chemie, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Von-Danckelmann-Platz 4, 06120 Halle, Germany.
| | - Peter Imming
- Institut für Pharmazie, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Wolfgang-Langenbeck-Str. 4, 06120 Halle, Germany.
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Mao Y, Zhao Q, Pan T, Shi J, Jiang S, Chen M, Zhou B, Tian Y. Platinum porphyrin/3-(trimethoxysily)propylmethacrylate functionalized flexible PDMS micropillar arrays as optical oxygen sensors. NEW J CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7nj01187c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
A PtTPP/TPMA functionalized PDMS-based micropillar array film was presented as a flexible optical oxygen sensor with efficiently improved sensing capabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongyun Mao
- Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering
- University of Macau
- Avenida da Universidade
- Taipa
- China
| | - Qian Zhao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- South University of Science and Technology of China
- Shenzhen
- China
- Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials
| | - Tingting Pan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- South University of Science and Technology of China
- Shenzhen
- China
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine
| | - Jiayan Shi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- South University of Science and Technology of China
- Shenzhen
- China
| | - Shimei Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- P. R. China
| | - Meiwan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences
- University of Macau
- Avenida da Universidade
- Taipa
| | - Bingpu Zhou
- Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering
- University of Macau
- Avenida da Universidade
- Taipa
- China
| | - Yanqing Tian
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- South University of Science and Technology of China
- Shenzhen
- China
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4
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Frank J, Elewa M, Said MM, El Shihawy HA, El-Sadek M, Müller D, Meister A, Hause G, Drescher S, Metz H, Imming P, Mäder K. Synthesis, Characterization, and Nanoencapsulation of Tetrathiatriarylmethyl and Tetrachlorotriarylmethyl (Trityl) Radical Derivatives—A Study To Advance Their Applicability as in Vivo EPR Oxygen Sensors. J Org Chem 2015; 80:6754-66. [PMID: 26020133 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.5b00918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Tissue oxygenation plays an important role in the pathophysiology of various diseases and is often a marker of prognosis and therapeutic response. EPR (ESR) is a suitable noninvasive oximetry technique. However, to reliably deploy soluble EPR probes as oxygen sensors in complex biological systems, there is still a need to investigate and improve their specificity, sensitivity, and stability. We reproducibly synthesized various derivatives of tetrathiatriarylmethyl and tetrachlorotriarylmethyl (trityl) radicals. Hydrophilic radicals were investigated in aqueous solution mimicking physiological conditions by, e.g., variation of viscosity and ionic strength. Their specificity was satisfactory, but the oxygen sensitivity was low. To enhance the capability of trityl radicals as oxygen sensors, encapsulation into oily core nanocapsules was performed. Thus, different lipophilic triesters were prepared and characterized in oily solution employing oils typically used in drug formulations, i.e., middle-chain triglycerides and isopropyl myristate. Our screening identified the deuterated ethyl ester of D-TAM (radical 13) to be suitable. It had an extremely narrow single EPR line under anoxic conditions and excellent oxygen sensitivity. After encapsulation, it retained its oxygen responsiveness and was protected against reduction by ascorbic acid. These biocompatible and highly sensitive nanosensors offer great potential for future EPR oximetry applications in preclinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliane Frank
- †Institut für Pharmazie, Martin-Luther-Universität (MLU) Halle-Wittenberg, Wolfgang-Langenbeck-Strasse 4, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Marwa Elewa
- †Institut für Pharmazie, Martin-Luther-Universität (MLU) Halle-Wittenberg, Wolfgang-Langenbeck-Strasse 4, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany.,‡Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, P.O. 41522, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M Said
- ‡Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, P.O. 41522, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Hosam A El Shihawy
- ‡Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, P.O. 41522, Ismailia, Egypt
| | | | - Diana Müller
- †Institut für Pharmazie, Martin-Luther-Universität (MLU) Halle-Wittenberg, Wolfgang-Langenbeck-Strasse 4, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Annette Meister
- ⊥Center for Structure and Dynamics of Proteins (MZP), Biocenter Martin-Luther-Universität (MLU) Halle-Wittenberg, Weinbergweg 22, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Gerd Hause
- #Biocenter Martin-Luther-Universität (MLU) Halle-Wittenberg, Weinbergweg 22, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Simon Drescher
- †Institut für Pharmazie, Martin-Luther-Universität (MLU) Halle-Wittenberg, Wolfgang-Langenbeck-Strasse 4, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Hendrik Metz
- †Institut für Pharmazie, Martin-Luther-Universität (MLU) Halle-Wittenberg, Wolfgang-Langenbeck-Strasse 4, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Peter Imming
- †Institut für Pharmazie, Martin-Luther-Universität (MLU) Halle-Wittenberg, Wolfgang-Langenbeck-Strasse 4, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Karsten Mäder
- †Institut für Pharmazie, Martin-Luther-Universität (MLU) Halle-Wittenberg, Wolfgang-Langenbeck-Strasse 4, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
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5
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Abstract
Using density functional theory calculations we demonstrate the existence of a general relation between structure and spin localisation in an important class of organic radicals, and point towards its potential use in future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaac Alcón
- Department de Química Física & Institut de Química Teòrica i Computacional
- Universitat de Barcelona
- E-08028 Barcelona
- Spain
| | - Stefan T. Bromley
- Department de Química Física & Institut de Química Teòrica i Computacional
- Universitat de Barcelona
- E-08028 Barcelona
- Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA)
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6
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Mesa JA, Velázquez-Palenzuela A, Brillas E, Coll J, Torres JL, Juliá L. Preparation and Characterization of Persistent Maltose-Conjugated Triphenylmethyl Radicals. J Org Chem 2012; 77:1081-6. [DOI: 10.1021/jo202356u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Antonio Mesa
- Departament de Química
Biològica i Modelització Molecular, Institut de Química Avançada de Catalunya (CSIC), Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Enric Brillas
- Departament de Química
Física, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1-11, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Coll
- Departament de Química
Biològica i Modelització Molecular, Institut de Química Avançada de Catalunya (CSIC), Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Lluís Torres
- Departament de Química
Biològica i Modelització Molecular, Institut de Química Avançada de Catalunya (CSIC), Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Luis Juliá
- Departament de Química
Biològica i Modelització Molecular, Institut de Química Avançada de Catalunya (CSIC), Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
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7
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Wang Z, Lin P, Baker GA, Stetter J, Zeng X. Ionic Liquids as Electrolytes for the Development of a Robust Amperometric Oxygen Sensor. Anal Chem 2011; 83:7066-73. [DOI: 10.1021/ac201235w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Oakland University, Rochester, Michigan 48309, United States
| | - Peiling Lin
- Department of Chemistry, Oakland University, Rochester, Michigan 48309, United States
| | - Gary A. Baker
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri−Columbia, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
| | - Joseph Stetter
- KWJ Engineering Incorporated, 8440 Central Avenue [Suite 2B or 2D], Newark, California 94560, United States
| | - Xiangqun Zeng
- Department of Chemistry, Oakland University, Rochester, Michigan 48309, United States
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8
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Takeshita K, Okazaki S, Kansui H. Effect of Cholesterol on Distribution of Stable, Hydrophobic Perchlorotriphenylmethyl Triethylester Radical Incorporated in Lecithin Liposomal Membranes. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2011; 59:624-8. [DOI: 10.1248/cpb.59.624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Keizo Takeshita
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sojo University
| | - Shoko Okazaki
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sojo University
| | - Hisao Kansui
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sojo University
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