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Rana S, Prabhakar N. Iron disorders and hepcidin. Clin Chim Acta 2021; 523:454-468. [PMID: 34755647 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2021.10.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Iron is an essential element due to its role in a wide variety of physiological processes. Iron homeostasis is crucial to prevent iron overload disorders as well as iron deficiency anemia. The liver synthesized peptide hormone hepcidin is a master regulator of systemic iron metabolism. Given its role in overall health, measurement of hepcidin can be used as a predictive marker in disease states. In addition, hepcidin-targeting drugs appear beneficial as therapeutic agents. This review emphasizes recent development on analytical techniques (immunochemical, mass spectrometry and biosensors) and therapeutic approaches (hepcidin agonists, stimulators and antagonists). These insights highlight hepcidin as a potential biomarker as well as an aid in the development of new drugs for iron disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilpa Rana
- Department of Biochemistry, Sector-25, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Nirmal Prabhakar
- Department of Biochemistry, Sector-25, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India.
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Rana S, Kaur A, Bharti A, Singh S, Bhatnagar A, Prabhakar N. Electrochemical detection of hepcidin based on spiegelmer and MoS 2NF-GNR@AuNPs as sensing platform. Anal Chim Acta 2021; 1181:338863. [PMID: 34556214 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2021.338863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Spiegelmers, mirror image L- RNA oligonucleotides, possesses high plasma stability and non-immunogenicity. Herein, a novel spiegelmer based impedimetric biosensor grafted with Au nanoparticles and molybdenum disulfide nanoflowers/graphene nanoribbons nanocomposite has been designed to detect hepcidin in spiked-in human serum sample. Firstly, molybdenum disulfide nanoflowers/graphene nanoribbons (MoS2NF-GNR) hybrid was drop-casted onto the FTO electrode followed by electro deposition of Au nanoparticles (AuNPs). Hepcidin specific thiolated spiegelmer was then immobilized on the MoS2NF-GNR@AuNPs for hepcidin detection. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy was used to assess the performance of the sensing platform based on the variation of charge transfer resistance (ΔRct) relative to the Fe(CN)64-/3- electrochemical probe in the presence of hepcidin. The impedance signals were recorded at the frequency range of 10-1 to 105 Hz and potential was set as 0.18 V. Under optimized conditions, the limit of detection of spiegelmer based sensor for hepcidin was 0.173 pgmL-1 within a wide linear range of 0.005-10 ngmL-1. The biosensor possesses selectivity, acceptable reproducibility with RSD as 4.76% and stability for up to 20 days. The satisfactory recovery result (89.8-103.1 %) in human serum indicates that the sensor has applicability in clinical monitoring of hepcidin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilpa Rana
- Department of Biochemistry, Sector-25, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Amandeep Kaur
- Department of Biochemistry, Sector-25, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Anu Bharti
- Department of Biochemistry, Sector-25, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Suman Singh
- CSIR- Central Scientific Instruments Organization, Sector-30-C, Chandigarh, 160030, India
| | - Archana Bhatnagar
- Department of Biochemistry, Sector-25, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Nirmal Prabhakar
- Department of Biochemistry, Sector-25, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India.
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Torrini F, Palladino P, Baldoneschi V, Scarano S, Minunni M. Sensitive 'two-steps' competitive assay for gonadotropin-releasing hormone detection via SPR biosensing and polynorepinephrine-based molecularly imprinted polymer. Anal Chim Acta 2021; 1161:338481. [PMID: 33896555 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2021.338481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The work reports an innovative bioassay for the detection of gonadorelin in urine, a gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist widely used in fertility medicine and to treat hormonal dysfunctions. Gonadorelin is also a synthetic hormone listed by the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) and of interest in anti-doping controls. The main novelty relies on the development of a biocompatible, stable, and low-cost biomimetic receptor alternative to classic antibodies. Starting from norepinephrine monomer, a highly selective and sensitive molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) was developed and optimized for optical real-time and label-free SPR biosensing. The selectivity has been addressed by testing a series of peptides, from high to low similarity, both in terms of molecular weight and primary sequence. Due to the very low molecular weight of gonadorelin (1182 Da), a 'two-steps' competitive assay was developed. Particular attention has been paid to the design of the competitor and its binding affinity constant towards the MIP, being a key step for the success of the competitive strategy. The SPR assay was first optimized in standard conditions and finally applied to untreated urine samples, achieving the sensitivity required by WADA guidelines. The MIP, tested in parallel with a monoclonal antibody, gave comparable results in terms of affinity constants and selectivity towards possible interfering analytes. However, the biomimetic receptor appears clearly superior in terms of sensitivity and reproducibility. This, together with its preparation simplicity, the extremely low-cost of the monomer and its reusability for hundreds of measurements, make polynorepinephrine-based MIPs powerful rivals to immune-based approaches in the near future for similar applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Torrini
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy.
| | - Pasquale Palladino
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy.
| | - Veronica Baldoneschi
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy.
| | - Simona Scarano
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy.
| | - Maria Minunni
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy.
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Rana S, Bharti A, Singh S, Bhatnagar A, Prabhakar N. Gold-silver core-shell nanoparticle–based impedimetric immunosensor for detection of iron homeostasis biomarker hepcidin. Mikrochim Acta 2020; 187:626. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-020-04599-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Yamasaki T, Miyake S, Nakano S, Morimura H, Hirakawa Y, Nagao M, Iijima Y, Narita H, Ichiyama S. Development of a Surface Plasmon Resonance-Based Immunosensor for Detection of 10 Major O-Antigens on Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli, with a Gel Displacement Technique To Remove Bound Bacteria. Anal Chem 2016; 88:6711-7. [PMID: 27243947 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b00797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A surface plasmon resonance-based immunosensor (SPR-immunosensor) was developed for the detection of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) belonging to the O-antigen groups O26, O91, O103, O111, O115, O121, O128, O145, O157, and O159. The polyclonal antibodies (PoAbs) generated against each of the STEC O-antigen types in rabbits were purified and were immobilized on the sensor chip at 0.5 mg/mL. The limit of detection for STEC O157 by the SPR-immunosensor was found to be 6.3 × 10(4) cells for 75 s. Each of the examined 10 O-antigens on the STECs was detected by the corresponding PoAb with almost no reaction to the other PoAbs. The detected STECs were sufficiently removed from the PoAbs using gelatin or agarose gel without deactivation of the PoAbs, enabling repeatable use of the sensor chip. The developed SPR-immunosensor can be applied for the detection of multiple STEC O-antigens. Furthermore, the new antigen removal technique using the gel displacement approach can be utilized with various immunosensors to improve the detection of pathogens in clinical and public health settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomomi Yamasaki
- Advanced Science, Technology & Management Research Institute of Kyoto , Shimogyo-ku, Kyoto 600-8813, Japan
| | - Shiro Miyake
- Advanced Science, Technology & Management Research Institute of Kyoto , Shimogyo-ku, Kyoto 600-8813, Japan.,Research & Development Division, HORIBA, Ltd., Minami-ku, Kyoto 601-8510, Japan
| | - Satoshi Nakano
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine , Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Morimura
- Research & Development Division, HORIBA, Ltd., Minami-ku, Kyoto 601-8510, Japan
| | - Yuki Hirakawa
- Advanced Science, Technology & Management Research Institute of Kyoto , Shimogyo-ku, Kyoto 600-8813, Japan
| | - Miki Nagao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine , Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Yoshio Iijima
- Department of Microbiology, Kobe Institute of Health , Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0046, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Narita
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Kyoto Women's University , Higashiyama-ku, Kyoto 605-8501, Japan
| | - Satoshi Ichiyama
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine , Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
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Cenci L, Andreetto E, Vestri A, Bovi M, Barozzi M, Iacob E, Busato M, Castagna A, Girelli D, Bossi AM. Surface plasmon resonance based on molecularly imprinted nanoparticles for the picomolar detection of the iron regulating hormone Hepcidin-25. J Nanobiotechnology 2015; 13:51. [PMID: 26311037 PMCID: PMC4549936 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-015-0115-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2014] [Accepted: 08/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) technique is a powerful mean to produce tailor made synthetic recognition sites. Here precipitation polymerization was exploited to produce a library of MIP nanoparticles (NPs) targeting the N terminus of the hormone Hepcidin-25, whose serum levels correlate with iron dis-metabolisms and doping. Biotinylated MIP NPs were immobilized to NeutrAvidin™ SPR sensor chip. The response of the MIP NP sensor to Hepcidin-25 was studied. FINDINGS Morphological analysis showed MIP NPs of 20-50 nm; MIP NP exhibited high affinity and selectivity for the target analyte: low nanomolar Kds for the interaction NP/Hepcidin-25, but none for the NP/non regulative Hepcidin-20. The MIP NP were integrated as recognition element in SPR allowing the detection of Hepcidin-25 in 3 min. Linearity was observed with the logarithm of Hepcidin-25 concentration in the range 7.2-720 pM. LOD was 5 pM. The response for Hepcidin-20 was limited. Hepcidin-25 determination in real serum samples spiked with known analyte concentrations was also attempted. CONCLUSION The integration of MIP NP to SPR allowed the determination of Hepcidin-25 at picomolar concentrations in short times outperforming the actual state of art. Optimization is still needed for real sample measurements in view of future clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Cenci
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 15, 37134, Verona, Italy.
| | - Erika Andreetto
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 15, 37134, Verona, Italy.
| | - Ambra Vestri
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 15, 37134, Verona, Italy.
| | - Michele Bovi
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 15, 37134, Verona, Italy.
| | - Mario Barozzi
- Center for Materials and Microsystems CMM-MNF, FBK Fondazione Bruno Kessler, Via Sommarive 18, 38123, Povo-Trento, Italy.
| | - Erica Iacob
- Center for Materials and Microsystems CMM-MNF, FBK Fondazione Bruno Kessler, Via Sommarive 18, 38123, Povo-Trento, Italy.
| | - Mirko Busato
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 15, 37134, Verona, Italy.
| | - Annalisa Castagna
- Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Section of Internal Medicine B, 37134, Verona, Italy.
| | - Domenico Girelli
- Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Section of Internal Medicine B, 37134, Verona, Italy.
| | - Alessandra Maria Bossi
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 15, 37134, Verona, Italy.
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Chang K, Wang F, Ding Y, Pan F, Li F, Jia S, Lu W, Deng S, Shi J, Chen M. Development and validation of a novel leaky surface acoustic wave immunosensor array for label-free and high-sensitive detection of cyclosporin A in whole-blood samples. Biosens Bioelectron 2014; 54:151-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2013.10.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2013] [Revised: 10/23/2013] [Accepted: 10/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Witmer CM. Hematologic manifestations of systemic disease (including iron deficiency, anemia of inflammation and DIC). Pediatr Clin North Am 2013; 60:1337-48. [PMID: 24237974 DOI: 10.1016/j.pcl.2013.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
A complete blood cell count (CBC) is a frequent test sent to aid in the diagnostic evaluation of ill patients. Not uncommonly hematologic abnormalities may be the first sign of an underlying systemic disorder. The astute clinician needs to understand how systemic disease can affect the CBC to direct further diagnostic investigations. This article focuses on the 2 most common acquired anemias including iron deficiency and anemia of inflammation as well as disseminated intravascular coagulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Char M Witmer
- Division of Hematology, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3501 Civic Center Boulevard, CTRB 11th Floor, Room 11-026, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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Abstract
This Perspective discusses recent advances in the field of surface plasmon resonance imaging (SPRi) for the label-free, multiplex, and sensitive study of biomolecular systems. Large efforts have been made during the past decade with the aim of developing even more sensitive and specific SPRi-based platforms. Metal nanostructures have been used to enhance SPRi sensitivity and to build a specific SPR-active surface, while special effects such as long-range SPR have been investigated to develop more effective SPRi platforms. Here, we review some of the significant work performed with SPRi for the ultrasensitive detection of biomolecular systems and provide a perspective on the challenges that need to be overcome to enable the wide use of SPRi in emerging key areas such as health diagnostics and antidoping controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Spoto
- †Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
- ‡Istituto Nazionale di Biostrutture e Biosistemi, Catania, Italy
| | - Maria Minunni
- §Dipartimento di Chimica e CSGI, Università di Firenze, Via della Lastruccia, 3 50019 Sesto F.no (FI), Italy
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