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Ramarao KDR, Razali Z, Somasundram C, Kunasekaran W, Jin TL. Effects of Drying Methods on the Antioxidant Properties of Piper betle Leaves. Molecules 2024; 29:1762. [PMID: 38675582 PMCID: PMC11051789 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29081762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Piper betle leaf powder is increasingly utilised as a health supplement. In this study, P. betle leaves were subjected to four different drying methods: convective air-drying, oven-drying, sun-drying, and no drying, with fresh leaves as control. Their antioxidant properties were then evaluated using colourimetric assays and GC-MS. Results showed that the sun-dried leaves had the highest (p < 0.05) total antioxidant capacity (66.23 ± 0.10 mg AAE/g), total polyphenol content (133.93 ± 3.76 mg GAE/g), total flavonoid content (81.25 ± 3.26 mg CE/g) and DPPH radical scavenging activity (56.48 ± 0.11%), and the lowest alkaloid content (45.684 ± 0.265 mg/gm). GC-MS analysis revealed that major constituents of aqueous extracts of fresh and sun-dried P. betle leaves were hydrazine 1,2-dimethyl-; ethyl aminomethylformimidate; glycerin; propanoic acid, 2-hydroxy-, methyl ester, (+/-)-; and 1,2-Cyclopentanedione. In conclusion, sun-dried leaves exhibited overall better antioxidant properties, and their aqueous extracts contained biologically active phytoconstituents that have uses in various fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kivaandra Dayaa Rao Ramarao
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; (K.D.R.R.); (C.S.)
- The Center for Research in Biotechnology for Agriculture (CEBAR), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Zuliana Razali
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; (K.D.R.R.); (C.S.)
- The Center for Research in Biotechnology for Agriculture (CEBAR), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Chandran Somasundram
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; (K.D.R.R.); (C.S.)
- The Center for Research in Biotechnology for Agriculture (CEBAR), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Wijenthiran Kunasekaran
- Wari Technologies Sdn. Bhd., 2A-2, Galleria Cyberjaya, Jalan Teknokrat 6, Cyber 5, Cyberjaya 63000, Selangor, Malaysia; (W.K.); (T.L.J.)
| | - Tan Li Jin
- Wari Technologies Sdn. Bhd., 2A-2, Galleria Cyberjaya, Jalan Teknokrat 6, Cyber 5, Cyberjaya 63000, Selangor, Malaysia; (W.K.); (T.L.J.)
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Rahman H, Rafi M, Putra BR, Wahyuni WT. Electrochemical Sensors Based on a Composite of Electrochemically Reduced Graphene Oxide and PEDOT:PSS for Hydrazine Detection. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:3258-3269. [PMID: 36713748 PMCID: PMC9878640 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c06791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
In this study, hydrazine sensors were developed from a composite of electrochemically reduced graphene oxide (ErGO) and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS), deposited onto a glassy carbon electrode (GCE). The structural properties, electrochemical characterization, and surface morphologies of this hydrazine sensor were characterized by Raman spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). In addition, the proposed hydrazine sensor also demonstrates good electrochemical and analytical performance when investigated using cyclic voltammetry (CV), differential pulse voltammetry (DPV), and amperometry techniques under optimal parameters. Using these investigated parameters, DPV and amperometry were chosen as techniques for hydrazine measurements and showed a linear range of concentration in the range of 0.2-100 μM. The obtained limits of detection and limits of quantitation for hydrazine measurements were 0.01 and 0.03 μM, respectively. In addition, the proposed sensor demonstrated good reproducibility and stability in hydrazine measurements in eight consecutive days. This fabricated hydrazine sensor also exhibited good selectivity against interference from Mg2+, K+, Zn2+, Fe2+, Na+, NO2 -, CH3COO-, SO4 2-, Cl-, ascorbic acid, chlorophenol, and triclosan and combined interferences, as well as it depicted %RSD values of less than 5%. In conclusion, this proposed sensor based on GCE modified with ErGO/PEDOT:PSS displays exceptional electrochemical performance for use in hydrazine measurements and have the potential to be employed in practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hemas
Arif Rahman
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, IPB University, Bogor, West Java16680, Indonesia
| | - Mohamad Rafi
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, IPB University, Bogor, West Java16680, Indonesia
- Tropical
Biopharmaca Research Center, Institute of
Research and Community Empowerment, IPB University, Bogor, West Java16680, Indonesia
| | - Budi Riza Putra
- Research
Center for Metallurgy, National Research
and Innovation Agency (BRIN), PUSPIPTEK Area, Building No. 470, Setu Regency, South Tangerang, Banten15314, Indonesia
| | - Wulan Tri Wahyuni
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, IPB University, Bogor, West Java16680, Indonesia
- Tropical
Biopharmaca Research Center, Institute of
Research and Community Empowerment, IPB University, Bogor, West Java16680, Indonesia
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Zhang Y, Wu J, Zhao S, Tang X, He Z, Huang K, Yu H, Zou Z, Xiong X. Self-assembled ZnO microspheres coated with carbon dot-doped CoNi LDH wrinkled films as electrochemical sensors for highly sensitive detection of hydrazine. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2023; 15:304-310. [PMID: 36546428 DOI: 10.1039/d2ay01698b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a 3D surface-folded composite was prepared in situ as a hydrazine sensor by loading a hybrid film of CoNi-layered double hydroxides (LDHs) with nitrogen-doped carbon dots on self-assembled ZnO microspheres. The nanocomposite was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and the electrochemical behavior of the sensors was investigated by cyclic voltammetry (CV), amperometry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The results showed that ZnO microspheres with nitrogen-doped carbon dots strongly coupled with LDHs can significantly reduce the charge transfer resistance, accelerate the oxidation kinetics of hydrazine, and effectively increase the electrochemically active surface area (ECSA). The sensor achieved ultra-sensitive (13 040 μA mM-1 cm-2 (S/N = 3)) detection of hydrazine in the concentration range of 0.7 μM to 4 mM, exhibited excellent selectivity, reproducibility and high stability, and was successfully applied to the determination of hydrazine in actual environmental water samples and landfill leachate samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610068, China.
| | - Jiaying Wu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610068, China.
| | - Shan Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610068, China.
| | - Xin Tang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610068, China.
| | - Zhiyuan He
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610068, China.
| | - Ke Huang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610068, China.
| | - Huimin Yu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610068, China.
| | - Zhirong Zou
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610068, China.
| | - Xiaoli Xiong
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610068, China.
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Gao Z, Zeng Q, Wang M, Wang L. Sensitive Detection of 8‐Hydroxyquinoline in Cosmetics by Using a Poly(tannic acid)‐Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202200257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhimin Gao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510641 People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Zeng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510641 People's Republic of China
| | - Min Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510641 People's Republic of China
| | - Lishi Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510641 People's Republic of China
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Saylakcı R, Incebay H. An electrochemical platform of tannic acid and carbon nanotubes for the sensitive determination of the antipsychotic medication clozapine in pharmaceutical and biological samples. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2021.115638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Crude black pepper phytochemical 3D printed cell based miniaturized hydrazine electrochemical sensing platform. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2020.114761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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Singh M, Bhardiya SR, Asati A, Sheshma H, Rai A, Rai VK. Design of a Sensitive Electrochemical Sensor Based on Ferrocene‐reduced Graphene Oxide/Mn‐spinel for Hydrazine Detection. ELECTROANAL 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.202060345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Manorama Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya Bilaspur, CG 495009 INDIA
| | - Smita R. Bhardiya
- Department of Chemistry, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya Bilaspur, CG 495009 INDIA
| | - Ambika Asati
- Department of Chemistry, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya Bilaspur, CG 495009 INDIA
| | - Harendra Sheshma
- School of Physical Sciences Jawaharlal Nehru University New Delhi 110067 INDIA
| | - Ankita Rai
- School of Physical Sciences Jawaharlal Nehru University New Delhi 110067 INDIA
| | - Vijai K. Rai
- Department of Chemistry, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya Bilaspur, CG 495009 INDIA
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