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Zhou X, Tang R, Li Y, Zhang S, Xi D. Label-free Sensing of Main Protease Activity of SARS-CoV-2 with an Aerolysin Nanopore. Chem Asian J 2022; 17:e202200747. [PMID: 36029274 PMCID: PMC9539354 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202200747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The main protease (Mpro ), which is highly conserved and plays a critical role in the replication of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is a natural biomarker for SARS-CoV-2. Accurate assessment of the Mpro activity is crucial for the detection of SARS-CoV-2. Herein, we report a nanopore-based sensing strategy that uses an enzyme-catalyzed cleavage reaction of a peptide substrate to measure the Mpro activity. The peptide was specifically cleaved by the Mpro , thereby releasing the output products that, when translocated through aerolysin, quantitatively produced the signature current events. The proposed method exhibited high sensitivity, allowing the detection of Mpro concentrations as low as 1 nM without the use of any signal amplification techniques. This simple, convenient, and label-free nanopore assay may expand the diagnostic tools for viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhou
- Department Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Tumor MarkersInstitution College of Life SciencesLinyi UniversityLinyi276005P. R. China
| | - Ruping Tang
- Department Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Tumor MarkersInstitution College of Life SciencesLinyi UniversityLinyi276005P. R. China
| | - Yusen Li
- Department Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Tumor MarkersInstitution College of Life SciencesLinyi UniversityLinyi276005P. R. China
| | - Shusheng Zhang
- Department Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Tumor MarkersInstitution College of Life SciencesLinyi UniversityLinyi276005P. R. China
| | - Dongmei Xi
- Department Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Tumor MarkersInstitution College of Life SciencesLinyi UniversityLinyi276005P. R. China
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Enzymology on an Electrode and in a Nanopore: Analysis Algorithms, Enzyme Kinetics, and Perspectives. BIONANOSCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12668-022-01037-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Ge Y, Cui M, Zhang Q, Wang Y, Xi D. Aerolysin nanopore-based identification of proteinogenic amino acids using a bipolar peptide probe. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2022; 4:3883-3891. [PMID: 36133334 PMCID: PMC9470019 DOI: 10.1039/d2na00190j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Nanopore technology has attracted extensive attention due to its rapid, highly sensitive, and label-free performance. In this study, we aimed to identify proteinogenic amino acids using a wild-type aerolysin nanopore. Specifically, bipolar peptide probes were synthesised by linking four aspartic acid residues to the N-terminal and five arginine residues to the C-terminal of individual amino acids. With the help of the bipolar peptide carrier, 9 proteinogenic amino acids were reliably recognised based on current blockade and dwell time using an aerolysin nanopore. Furthermore, by changing the charge of the peptide probe, two of the five unrecognized amino acids above mentioned were identified. These findings promoted the application of aerolysin nanopores in proteinogenic amino acid recognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaxian Ge
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Tumor Markers, College of Life Science, Linyi University Linyi 276005 P. R. China
| | - Mengjie Cui
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Tumor Markers, College of Life Science, Linyi University Linyi 276005 P. R. China
| | - Qiuqi Zhang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University Guangzhou 510515 P. R. China
| | - Ying Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Tumor Markers, College of Life Science, Linyi University Linyi 276005 P. R. China
| | - Dongmei Xi
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Tumor Markers, College of Life Science, Linyi University Linyi 276005 P. R. China
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Wang L, Wang H, Chen X, Zhou S, Wang Y, Guan X. Chemistry solutions to facilitate nanopore detection and analysis. Biosens Bioelectron 2022; 213:114448. [PMID: 35716643 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2022.114448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Characteristic ionic current modulations will be produced in a single molecule manner during the communication of individual molecules with a nanopore. Hence, the information regarding the length, composition, and structure of a molecule can be extracted from deciphering the electrical message. However, until now, achieving a satisfactory resolution for observation and quantification of a target analyte in a complex system remains a nontrivial task. In this review, we summarize the progress and especially the recent advance in utilizing chemistry solutions to facilitate nanopore detection and analysis. The discussed chemistry solutions are classified into several major categories, including covalent/non-covalent chemistry, redox chemistry, displacement chemistry, back titration chemistry, chelation chemistry, hydrolysis-chemistry, and click chemistry. Considering the significant success of using chemical reaction-assisted nanopore sensing strategies to improve sensor sensitivity & selectivity and to study various topics, other non-chemistry based methodologies can undoubtedly be employed by nanopore sensors to explore new applications in the interdisciplinary area of chemistry, biology, materials, and nanotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Wang
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, 400714, China; Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, 400714, China
| | - Han Wang
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, 400714, China; Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, 400714, China
| | - Xiaohan Chen
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, 400714, China; Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, 400714, China
| | - Shuo Zhou
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, 400714, China; Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, 400714, China
| | - Yunjiao Wang
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, 400714, China; Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, 400714, China.
| | - Xiyun Guan
- Department of Chemistry, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL, 60616, USA.
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