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Bao M, Waitkus J, Liu L, Chang Y, Xu Z, Qin P, Chen J, Du K. Micro- and nanosystems for the detection of hemorrhagic fever viruses. LAB ON A CHIP 2023; 23:4173-4200. [PMID: 37675935 DOI: 10.1039/d3lc00482a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Hemorrhagic fever viruses (HFVs) are virulent pathogens that can cause severe and often fatal illnesses in humans. Timely and accurate detection of HFVs is critical for effective disease management and prevention. In recent years, micro- and nano-technologies have emerged as promising approaches for the detection of HFVs. This paper provides an overview of the current state-of-the-art systems for micro- and nano-scale approaches to detect HFVs. It covers various aspects of these technologies, including the principles behind their sensing assays, as well as the different types of diagnostic strategies that have been developed. This paper also explores future possibilities of employing micro- and nano-systems for the development of HFV diagnostic tools that meet the practical demands of clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengdi Bao
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA.
| | - Jacob Waitkus
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA.
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA.
| | - Yu Chang
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA.
| | - Zhiheng Xu
- Department of Industrial Engineering, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Peiwu Qin
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Juhong Chen
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Ke Du
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA.
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Nguyen TH, Nguyen HA, Tran Thi YV, Hoang Tran D, Cao H, Chu Duc T, Bui TT, Do Quang L. Concepts, electrode configuration, characterization, and data analytics of electric and electrochemical microfluidic platforms: a review. Analyst 2023; 148:1912-1929. [PMID: 36928639 DOI: 10.1039/d2an02027k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
Microfluidic cytometry (MC) and electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) are two important techniques in biomedical engineering. Microfluidic cytometry has been utilized in various fields such as stem cell differentiation and cancer metastasis studies, and provides a simple, label-free, real-time method for characterizing and monitoring cellular fates. The impedance microdevice, including impedance flow cytometry (IFC) and electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), is integrated into MC systems. IFC measures the impedance of individual cells as they flow through a microfluidic device, while EIS measures impedance changes during binding events on electrode regions. There have been significant efforts to improve and optimize these devices for both basic research and clinical applications, based on the concepts, electrode configurations, and cell fates. This review outlines the theoretical concepts, electrode engineering, and data analytics of these devices, and highlights future directions for development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thu Hang Nguyen
- University of Engineering and Technology, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam.
| | | | - Y-Van Tran Thi
- University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam.
| | | | - Hung Cao
- University of California, Irvine, USA
| | - Trinh Chu Duc
- University of Engineering and Technology, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam.
| | - Tung Thanh Bui
- University of Engineering and Technology, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam.
| | - Loc Do Quang
- University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam.
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Piedimonte P, Sola L, Chiari M, Ferrari G, Sampietro M. Peptide-Based Sensor and Microfluidic Platform for IgG Antibody Detection by Differential Impedance Sensing. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2578:191-198. [PMID: 36152288 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2732-7_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Serological assays enable infection screening as relatively easy-to-operate approaches compared with standard methods. In addition, to be relevant for early diagnosis, specific antibody detection is important for epidemiological surveillance and quantitative detection has potential significance for evaluating the severity and prognosis of different diseases.Here, we describe the detection process based on differential impedance sensing of IgG antibodies labeled with polystyrene nanoparticles. The electrode differential configuration, the amplification with nanoparticle functionalization, the electronic reading, and the microfluidic protocol allow to reach a limit of detection below 100 pg/mL for commercial IgG antibody spiked in buffer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Piedimonte
- Department of Electronics Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy.
| | - Laura Sola
- National Research Council of Italy, Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche (SCITEC-CNR), Milan, Italy
| | - Marcella Chiari
- National Research Council of Italy, Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche (SCITEC-CNR), Milan, Italy
| | - Giorgio Ferrari
- Department of Electronics Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Sampietro
- Department of Electronics Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
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Abstract
The effect of the on-going COVID-19 pandemic on global healthcare systems has underlined the importance of timely and cost-effective point-of-care diagnosis of viruses. The need for ultrasensitive easy-to-use platforms has culminated in an increased interest for rapid response equipment-free alternatives to conventional diagnostic methods such as polymerase chain reaction, western-blot assay, etc. Furthermore, the poor stability and the bleaching behavior of several contemporary fluorescent reporters is a major obstacle in understanding the mechanism of viral infection thus retarding drug screening and development. Owing to their extraordinary surface-to-volume ratio as well as their quantum confinement and charge transfer properties, nanomaterials are desirable additives to sensing and imaging systems to amplify their signal response as well as temporal resolution. Their large surface area promotes biomolecular integration as well as efficacious signal transduction. Due to their hole mobility, photostability, resistance to photobleaching, and intense brightness, nanomaterials have a considerable edge over organic dyes for single virus tracking. This paper reviews the state-of-the-art of combining carbon-allotrope, inorganic and organic-based nanomaterials with virus sensing and tracking methods, starting with the impact of human pathogenic viruses on the society. We address how different nanomaterials can be used in various virus sensing platforms (e.g. lab-on-a-chip, paper, and smartphone-based point-of-care systems) as well as in virus tracking applications. We discuss the enormous potential for the use of nanomaterials as simple, versatile, and affordable tools for detecting and tracing viruses infectious to humans, animals, plants as well as bacteria. We present latest examples in this direction by emphasizing major advantages and limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muqsit Pirzada
- Technical University of Berlin, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Maths, Straße des 17. Juni 124, Berlin 10623, Germany. .,Institute of Materials Science, Faculty of Engineering, Kiel University, Kaiserstr 2, 24143 Kiel, Germany
| | - Zeynep Altintas
- Technical University of Berlin, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Maths, Straße des 17. Juni 124, Berlin 10623, Germany. .,Institute of Materials Science, Faculty of Engineering, Kiel University, Kaiserstr 2, 24143 Kiel, Germany
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Borga P, Milesi F, Peserico N, Groppi C, Damin F, Sola L, Piedimonte P, Fincato A, Sampietro M, Chiari M, Melloni A, Bertacco R. Active Opto-Magnetic Biosensing with Silicon Microring Resonators. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 22:3292. [PMID: 35590981 PMCID: PMC9105977 DOI: 10.3390/s22093292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Integrated optical biosensors are gaining increasing attention for their exploitation in lab-on-chip platforms. The standard detection method is based on the measurement of the shift of some optical quantity induced by the immobilization of target molecules at the surface of an integrated optical element upon biomolecular recognition. However, this requires the acquisition of said quantity over the whole hybridization process, which can take hours, during which any external perturbation (e.g., temperature and mechanical instability) can seriously affect the measurement and contribute to a sizeable percentage of invalid tests. Here, we present a different assay concept, named Opto-Magnetic biosensing, allowing us to optically measure off-line (i.e., post hybridization) tiny variations of the effective refractive index seen by microring resonators upon immobilization of magnetic nanoparticles labelling target molecules. Bound magnetic nanoparticles are driven in oscillation by an external AC magnetic field and the corresponding modulation of the microring transfer function, due to the effective refractive index dependence on the position of the particles above the ring, is recorded using a lock-in technique. For a model system of DNA biomolecular recognition we reached a lowest detected concentration on the order of 10 pm, and data analysis shows an expected effective refractive index variation limit of detection of 7.5×10-9 RIU, in a measurement time of just a few seconds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piero Borga
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, Via G. Colombo 81, 20133 Milano, Italy; (F.M.); (C.G.); (R.B.)
| | - Francesca Milesi
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, Via G. Colombo 81, 20133 Milano, Italy; (F.M.); (C.G.); (R.B.)
| | - Nicola Peserico
- Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria, Politecnico di Milano, Via Ponzio, 34/5, 20133 Milano, Italy; (N.P.); (P.P.); (M.S.); (A.M.)
| | - Chiara Groppi
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, Via G. Colombo 81, 20133 Milano, Italy; (F.M.); (C.G.); (R.B.)
| | - Francesco Damin
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche “Giulio Natta” SCITEC CNR, Via Mario Bianco 9, 20131 Milano, Italy; (F.D.); (L.S.); (M.C.)
| | - Laura Sola
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche “Giulio Natta” SCITEC CNR, Via Mario Bianco 9, 20131 Milano, Italy; (F.D.); (L.S.); (M.C.)
| | - Paola Piedimonte
- Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria, Politecnico di Milano, Via Ponzio, 34/5, 20133 Milano, Italy; (N.P.); (P.P.); (M.S.); (A.M.)
| | | | - Marco Sampietro
- Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria, Politecnico di Milano, Via Ponzio, 34/5, 20133 Milano, Italy; (N.P.); (P.P.); (M.S.); (A.M.)
| | - Marcella Chiari
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche “Giulio Natta” SCITEC CNR, Via Mario Bianco 9, 20131 Milano, Italy; (F.D.); (L.S.); (M.C.)
| | - Andrea Melloni
- Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria, Politecnico di Milano, Via Ponzio, 34/5, 20133 Milano, Italy; (N.P.); (P.P.); (M.S.); (A.M.)
| | - Riccardo Bertacco
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, Via G. Colombo 81, 20133 Milano, Italy; (F.M.); (C.G.); (R.B.)
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