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Wei LN, Luo L, Lei HT, Guan T, Jiang C, Yin QC, Xu ZL, Li C. Nanoflower Microreactor Based Versatile Enhancer for Recognition Cofactor-Dependent Enzyme Biocatalysis toward Saxitoxin Detection. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:46495-46505. [PMID: 39167418 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c11419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
Investigating organic carriers' utilization efficiency and bioactivity within organic-inorganic hybrid nanoflowers is critical to constructing sensitive immunosensors. Nevertheless, the sensitivity of immunosensors is interactively regulated by different classes of biomolecules such as antibodies and enzymes. In this work, we introduced a new alkaline phosphatase-antibody-CaHPO4 hybrid nanoflowers (AAHNFs) microreactor based colorimetric immunoprobe. This system integrates a biometric unit (antibody) with a signal amplification element (enzyme) through the biomineralization process. Specifically, the critical factors affecting antibody recognition activity in the formation mechanism of AAHNFs are investigated. The designed AAHNFs retain antibody recognition ability with enhanced protection for encapsulated proteins against high temperature, organic solvents, and long-term storage, facilitating the selective construction of lock structures against antigens. Additionally, a colorimetric immunosensor based on AAHNFs was developed. After ascorbic acid 2-phosphate hydrolysis by alkaline phosphatase (ALP), the generated ascorbic acid decomposes I2 to I-, inducing the localized surface plasmon resonance in the silver nanoplate, which is effectively tuned through shape conversion to develop the sensor. Further, a 3D-printed portable device is fabricated, integrated with a smartphone sensing platform, and applied to the data of collection and analysis. Notably, the immunosensor exhibits improved analytical performance with a 0.1-6.25 ng·mL-1 detection range and a 0.06 ng·mL-1 detection limit for quantitative saxitoxin (STX) analysis. The average recoveries of STX in real samples ranged from 85.9% to 105.9%. This study presents a more in-depth investigation of the recognition element performance, providing insights for improved antibody performance in practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu-Na Wei
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Lin Luo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Hong-Tao Lei
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Tian Guan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Cheng Jiang
- School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518172, China
| | - Qing-Chun Yin
- Hainan Institute for Food Control, Key Laboratory of Tropical Fruits and Vegetables Quality and Safety for State Market Regulation, Haikou 570314, China
| | - Zhen-Lin Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Chenzhong Li
- School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518172, China
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Ji Y, Wang R, Zhao H. Toward Sensitive and Reliable Immunoassays of Marine Biotoxins: From Rational Design to Food Analysis. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:16076-16094. [PMID: 39010820 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c01865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
Marine biotoxins are metabolites produced by algae that can accumulate in shellfish or fish and enter organisms through the food chain, posing a serious threat to biological health. Therefore, accurate and rapid detection is an urgent requirement for food safety. Although various detection methods, including the mouse bioassay, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, and cell detection methods, and protein phosphatase inhibition assays have been developed in the past decades, the current detection methods cannot fully meet these demands. Among these methods, the outstanding immunoassay virtues of high sensitivity, reliability, and low cost are highly advantageous for marine biotoxin detection in complex samples. In this work, we review the recent 5-year progress in marine biotoxin immunodetection technologies such as optical immunoassays, electrochemical immunoassays, and piezoelectric immunoassays. With the assistance of immunoassays, the detection of food-related marine biotoxins can be implemented for ensuring public health and preventing food poisoning. In addition, the immunodetection technique platforms including lateral flow chips and microfluidic chips are also discussed. We carefully investigate the advantages and disadvantages for each immunoassay, which are compared to demonstrate the guidance for selecting appropriate immunoassays and platforms for the detection of marine biotoxins. It is expected that this review will provide insights for the further development of immunoassays and promote the rapid progress and successful translation of advanced immunoassays with food safety detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxiang Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resources Utilization in South China Sea and Center for Eco-Environment Restoration of Hainan Province, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control, School of Tropical Medicine, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan 571199, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Hainan Trauma and Disaster Rescue, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Engineering Research Center for Hainan Bio-Smart Materials and Bio-Medical Devices, College of Emergency and Trauma, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, China
| | - Hongwei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resources Utilization in South China Sea and Center for Eco-Environment Restoration of Hainan Province, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
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Zhao Z, Yin H, Xiao J, Cui M, Huang R, Su R. Efficient Sequential Detection of Two Antibiotics Using a Fiber-Optic Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensor. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 24:2126. [PMID: 38610339 PMCID: PMC11013968 DOI: 10.3390/s24072126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Antibiotic residues have become a worldwide public safety issue. It is vital to detect multiple antibiotics simultaneously using sensors. A new and efficient method is proposed for the combined detection of two antibiotics (enrofloxacin (Enro) and ciprofloxacin (Cip)) in milk using surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensors. Based on the principle of immunosuppression, two antibiotic antigens (for Enro and Cip) were immobilized on an optical fiber surface with conjugates of bovine serum albumin using dopamine (DA) polymerization. Each single antigen was bound to its corresponding antibody to derive standard curves for Enro and Cip. The fiber-optic sensor's sensitivity was 2900 nm/RIU. Detection limits were calculated to be 1.20 ng/mL for Enro and 0.81 ng/mL for Cip. The actual system's recovery rate was obtained by testing Enro and Cip in milk samples; enrofloxacin's and ciprofloxacin's mean recoveries from the milk samples were 96.46-120.46% and 96.74-126.9%, respectively. In addition, several different regeneration solutions were tested to analyze the two target analytes' regeneration ability; NaOH and Gly-HCl solutions were found to have the best regeneration ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Membrane Science and Desalination Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; (Z.Z.)
| | - Huiting Yin
- Zhejiang Institute of Tianjin University, Ningbo 315201, China;
| | - Jingzhe Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Membrane Science and Desalination Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; (Z.Z.)
| | - Mei Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Membrane Science and Desalination Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; (Z.Z.)
| | - Renliang Huang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Marine Environmental Research and Service, School of Marine Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Rongxin Su
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Membrane Science and Desalination Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; (Z.Z.)
- Zhejiang Institute of Tianjin University, Ningbo 315201, China;
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Zhang F, Hao D, Liu R, Wang J, Sang Y, Wang S, Wang X. Preparation and recognition mechanism study of an scFv targeting chloramphenicol for a hybridization chain reaction-CRISPR/Cas12a amplified fluoroimmunoassay. Anal Chim Acta 2024; 1293:342283. [PMID: 38331551 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2024.342283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Recombinant antibody-based immunoassays have emerged as crucial techniques for detecting antibiotic residues in food samples. Developing a stable recombinant antibody production system and enhancing detection sensitivity are crucial for their biosensing applications. Here, we bioengineered a single-chain fragment variable (scFv) antibody to target chloramphenicol (CAP) using both Bacillus subtilis and HEK 293 systems, with the HEK 293-derived scFv demonstrating superior sensitivity. Computational chemistry analyses indicated that ASP-99 and ASN-102 residues in the scFv play key roles in antibody recognition, and the hydroxyl group near the benzene ring of the target molecule is critical for in antibody binding. Furthermore, we enhanced the scFv's biosensing sensitivity using an HCR-CRISPR/Cas12a amplification strategy in a streptavidin-based immunoassay. In the dual-step amplification process, detection limits for CAP in the HCR and HCR-CRISPR/Cas12a stages were significantly reduced to 55.23 pg/mL and 3.31 pg/mL, respectively. These findings introduce an effective method for developing CAP-specific scFv antibodies and also propose a multi-amplification strategy to increase immunoassay sensitivity. Additionally, theoretical studies also offer valuable guidance in CAP hapten design and genetic engineering for antibody modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuyuan Zhang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, China
| | - Dongyue Hao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, China
| | - Ruobing Liu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, China
| | - Juntao Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, China
| | - Yaxin Sang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, China
| | - Shuo Wang
- Medical College, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300500, China.
| | - Xianghong Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, China.
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Gold nanoclusters-manganese dioxide composite-based fluorescence immunoassay for sensitive monitoring of fenitrothion degradation in Chinese cabbage. Food Chem 2023; 412:135551. [PMID: 36738532 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.135551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the residues and degradation of organophosphorus pesticides (OPs) in crops has attracted increasing attention. Herein, we designed a sensitive fluorescence immunoassay (FIA) by employing nanobody-linked alkaline phosphatase (Nb-ALP) and gold nanoclusters anchored manganese dioxide (AuNCs-MnO2) composite. In immunoassay protocol, Nb-ALP is used to competitively recognize the coating antigen and pesticide. After competitive immunoreaction, alkaline phosphatase catalyzes l-ascorbic acid-2-phosphate to produce ascorbic acid that can trigger the decomposition of the AuNCs-MnO2 composite, regulating the fluorescence response. As a proof-of-concept, fenitrothion (FNT) is chosen as the target analyte. As a result, the developed FIA exhibits high detection sensitivity (IC10 = 5.78 pg/mL), which is about 56-times higher than that of the conventional enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The developed FIA has been successfully applied for precisely monitoring the degradation of FNT in Chinese cabbage with excellent anti-interference ability and reproducibility, paving the way for the determination of pesticide residues in real food samples.
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Han X, Liu C, Guo X, Sui J, Lin H, Chen X, Cao L. Controlling the amount of coupling agents on the synthesis of coating antigens to enhance the sensitivity of fluoroquinolone immunodetection. Heliyon 2023; 9:e16821. [PMID: 37332970 PMCID: PMC10272328 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
There is now increasing demand to improve the sensitivity of various immunoassays for fluoroquinolones (FQs) and other food hazards. In this study, different coating antigens were prepared by adjusting the content of 1-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC) to explore its influence on the immunoassay sensitivity of FQs. The results indicated that, unlike traditional assumptions, a reasonable EDC dosage should be addressed to reach the best analytical efficiency, and excessive EDC could enhance the hapten-carrier conjugation but significantly reduce the detection sensitivity. For the FQs investigated, the hapten:EDC:BSA proportion of 20:2.5:50 (Mole ratio:74:34:1) seemed the best for preparation of coating antigens, and the sensitivity could be improved more than 1000 times both for indirect competitive enzyme linked immunosorbent assay ELISA (ic-ELISA) and gold immunochromatography assay (GICA) due to two key factors including coupling-ratios and amide bond groups. Such an improved efficiency was also validated well with different food samples, which indicated the reasonable optimization of EDC in coating antigen synthesis may be widely used as a new, simple and more effective strategy to improve the immunoassay for low molecular targets in medical, environment and food detection filed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangning Han
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Rd, Qingdao, China
| | - Chang Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Rd, Qingdao, China
| | - Xinping Guo
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Rd, Qingdao, China
| | - Jianxin Sui
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Rd, Qingdao, China
| | - Hong Lin
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Rd, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiangfeng Chen
- Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology, 19 Keyuan Rd, Jinan, China
| | - Limin Cao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Rd, Qingdao, China
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Wang Z, Guo Y, Xianyu Y. Applications of self-assembly strategies in immunoassays: A review. Coord Chem Rev 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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