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Yadav S, Chander S, Gupta A, Kataria N, Khoo KS. Biogenic engineered zinc oxide nanoparticle for sulfur black dye removal from contaminated wastewater: comparative optimization, simulation modeling, and isotherms. Bioengineered 2024; 15:2325721. [PMID: 38465722 PMCID: PMC10936635 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2024.2325721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
This research work aimed to isolate and culture the bacterium Bacillus paramycoides for biogenic fabrication of zinc oxide nanoparticles, specifically ZnO and ZnO-ME nanoparticles (nanoparticles fabricated from bacterial extracts only - ZnO, and from bacterial cell mass including extract - ZnO-ME). SEM investigation revealed the spherical-shaped NPs with 22.33 and 39 nm in size for ZnO and ZnO-ME, respectively. The Brunauer, Emmett, and Teller (BET) studies revealed mesoporous structure with pore diameters of 13.839 and 13.88 nm and surface area of 7.617 and 33.635 m2/gm for ZnO and ZnO-ME, respectively. Various parameters for the adsorption of sulfur black dye onto both ZnO and ZnO-ME were screened and optimized using Plackett-Burman Design (PBD), Full Factorial Design (FFD) and Central Composite Design (CCD). The results of the optimization modeling study revealed that FFD yielded the most predictable and best-fitting results among all the models studied, with R2 values of 0.998 for ZnO and 0.993 for ZnO-ME. Notably, ZnO-ME exhibited a greater dye removal efficiency 80% than ZnO i.e., 71%, it may be due to the presence of amorphous carbon on the surface of ZnO-ME. Among the various isothermal models, the Freundlich model displayed the strongest correlation with the dye removal data, confirming the multilayer adsorption of dye on both nanoparticles and supporting physisorption. Therefore, ZnO and ZnO-ME nanoparticles have been proven as potential tools for mitigating environmental impacts associated with dye-containing wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangita Yadav
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science & Technology, Hisar, Haryana, India
| | - Subhash Chander
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science & Technology, Hisar, Haryana, India
| | - Asha Gupta
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science & Technology, Hisar, Haryana, India
| | - Navish Kataria
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, J. C. Bose University of Science and Technology, YMCA, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Kuan Shiong Khoo
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Centre for Herbal Pharmacology and Environmental Sustainability, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Kelambakkam, Tamil Nadu, India
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Yang K, Wang R, Lu J, Wang J, Liao X, Wang C. A covalent organic framework nanosheet-nanochannel composite with signal amplification strategy for electrochemical enantioselective recognition. Talanta 2024; 277:126331. [PMID: 38823324 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.126331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Revised: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
Recognition and separation of chiral isomers are of great importance in both industrial and biological applications. However, owing to identical molecular formulas and chemical properties of enantiomers, signal transduction and amplification are still two major challenges in chiral sensing. In this study, we developed an enantioselective device by integrating chiral covalent organic framework nanosheets (CONs) with nanochannels for sensitive identification and quantification of enantiomers. Using 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA) as the model analyte, the as-prepared chiral nanofluidic device exhibits a remarkable chiral recognition ability to l-DOPA than d-DOPA. More importantly, due to the chelation of DOPA with Fe3+ ions, it can efficiently block the ion transport through channel and shield the channel surface charge, which will amplify the difference in the electrochemical response of l-DOPA and d-DOPA. Therefore, a sensitive chiral recognition can be achieved using the present nanofluidic device coupled using electrochemical amplification strategy. Notably, using this method, an ultra-low concentration of l-DOPA (as low as 0.21 pM) can be facilely and successfully detected with a linear range of 1 pM-10 μM. This study provides a reliable and sensitive approach for achieving highly selective detection of chiral molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biofunctional Materials, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Power Batteries, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Ruyi Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biofunctional Materials, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Power Batteries, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Junjian Lu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biofunctional Materials, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Power Batteries, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China; Honors college, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Jin Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biofunctional Materials, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Power Batteries, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Xuewei Liao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biofunctional Materials, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Power Batteries, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China; Analytical & Testing Center, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Chen Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biofunctional Materials, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Power Batteries, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
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Mayawad K, Gogoi R, Raidongia K. Stimuli-Responsive Delivery of Ions through Layered Materials-Based Triangular Nanofluidic Device. NANO LETTERS 2024; 24:8268-8276. [PMID: 38940535 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c01136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
The elegance and accuracy of biological ion channels inspire the fabrication of artificial devices with similar properties. Here, we report the fabrication of iontronic devices capable of delivering ions at the nanomolar (nmol) level of accuracy. The triangular nanofluidic device prepared with reconstructed vanadium pentoxide (VO) membranes of thickness 45 ± 5.5 μm can continuously deliver K+, Na+, and Ca2+ ions at the rate of 0.44 ± 0.24, 0.35 ± 0.06, and 0.03 nmol/min, respectively. The ionic flow rate can be further tuned by modulating the membrane thickness and salt concentration at the source reservoir. The triangular VO device can also deliver ions in minuscule doses (∼132 ± 9.7 nmol) by electrothermally heating (33 °C) with a nichrome wire (NW) or applying light of specific intensities. The simplicity of the fabrication process of reconstructed layered material-based nanofluidic devices allows the design of complicated iontronic devices such as the three-terminal-Ni-VO (3T-Ni-VO) devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiran Mayawad
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Raktim Gogoi
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Kalyan Raidongia
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
- Centre for Nanotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Kamrup, Assam 781039, India
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Zeng H, Zhou S, Zhang X, Liang Q, Yan M, Xu Y, Guo Y, Hu X, Jiang L, Kong B. Super-assembled periodic mesoporous organosilica membranes with hierarchical channels for efficient glutathione sensing. Analyst 2024; 149:3522-3529. [PMID: 38787653 DOI: 10.1039/d4an00559g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Bioinspired nanochannel-based sensors have elicited significant interest because of their excellent sensing performance, and robust mechanical and tunable chemical properties. However, the existing designs face limitations due to material constraints, which hamper broader application possibilities. Herein, a heteromembrane system composed of a periodic mesoporous organosilica (PMO) layer with three-dimensional (3D) network nanochannels is constructed for glutathione (GSH) detection. The unique hierarchical pore architecture provides a large surface area, abundant reaction sites and plentiful interconnected pathways for rapid ionic transport, contributing to efficient and sensitive detection. Moreover, the thioether groups in nanochannels can be selectively cleaved by GSH to generate hydrophilic thiol groups. Benefiting from the increased hydrophilic surface, the proposed sensor achieves efficient GSH detection with a detection limit of 1.2 μM by monitoring the transmembrane ionic current and shows good recovery ranges in fetal bovine serum sample detection. This work paves an avenue for designing and fabricating nanofluidic sensing systems for practical and biosensing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zeng
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Lab of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, P. R. China.
| | - Shan Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Lab of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, P. R. China.
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Lab of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, P. R. China.
| | - Qirui Liang
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Lab of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, P. R. China.
| | - Miao Yan
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Lab of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, P. R. China.
| | - Yeqing Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Lab of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, P. R. China.
| | - Yaxin Guo
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Lab of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, P. R. China.
| | - Xiaomeng Hu
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Lab of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, P. R. China.
| | - Lei Jiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Biao Kong
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Lab of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, P. R. China.
- Yiwu Research Institute of Fudan University, Yiwu, Zhejiang 322000, P. R. China
- Shandong Research Institute, Fudan University, Jinan, Shandong 250103, P. R. China
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Chen Z, Tian Z, Wang Z, Wang Z, Liu W, Gu Q, Liu S, Wu Y. A Portable Device for in Situ Noninvasive Monitoring of Cell Secretions and Communications with Fluorescence and Nanochannel Electrochemistry. Anal Chem 2024; 96:9218-9227. [PMID: 38781682 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.4c01380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
In situ monitoring of cell secretions and communications plays a fundamental role in screening of disease diagnostic biomarkers and drugs. Quantitative detection of cell secretions and monitoring of intercellular communication have been separately reported, which often rely on target labeling or complex pretreatment steps, inevitably causing damage to the target. Simultaneous in situ noninvasive detection of cell secretions and monitoring of intercellular communication are challenging and have never been reported. Herein, we smartly developed a portable device for in situ label-free monitoring of cell secretions and communications with fluorescence and ion-transport-based nanochannel electrochemistry. Based on the dual signal mode, a series of nonelectroactive secretions were sensitively and accurately quantified. The detection limits for VEGF, MUC1, and ATP were 3.84 pg/mL, 32.7 pg/mL, and 47.4 fM (3σ/S), which were 1/3.9, 1/1.1, and 1/41 of those of commercial ELISA kits, respectively. More interestingly, under the released secretions, the gradual opening of the nanochannel connected the two cells in the left and right chambers of the device; thus, the secretion mediated intercellular communication can be monitored. The proposed platform may provide a promising tool for understanding the mechanism of intercellular communication and discovering new therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixuan Chen
- Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Smart Carbon-Rich Materials and Device, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Zhaoyan Tian
- State Key Laboratory for Macromolecule Drugs and Large-Scale Manufacturing, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China
| | - Zhi Wang
- Wuxi Institute of Inspection, Testing and Certification, Wuxi 214125, China
| | - Zhaohan Wang
- Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Smart Carbon-Rich Materials and Device, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Weiwei Liu
- Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Smart Carbon-Rich Materials and Device, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Qinglin Gu
- Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Smart Carbon-Rich Materials and Device, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Songqin Liu
- Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Smart Carbon-Rich Materials and Device, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Yafeng Wu
- Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Smart Carbon-Rich Materials and Device, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
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Ahmed SA, Liu Y, Xiong T, Zhao Y, Xie B, Pan C, Ma W, Yu P. Iontronic Sensing Based on Confined Ion Transport. Anal Chem 2024; 96:8056-8077. [PMID: 38663001 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.4c01354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Saud Asif Ahmed
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, CAS Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, CAS Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Tianyi Xiong
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, CAS Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yueru Zhao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, CAS Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Boyang Xie
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, CAS Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Cong Pan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, CAS Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Wenjie Ma
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, CAS Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Ping Yu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, CAS Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
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Hu X, Zhou S, Zhang X, Zeng H, Guo Y, Xu Y, Liang Q, Wang J, Jiang L, Kong B. Superassembled MXene-carboxymethyl chitosan nanochannels for the highly sensitive recognition and detection of copper ions. Analyst 2024; 149:1464-1472. [PMID: 38284827 DOI: 10.1039/d3an02190d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Copper ions (Cu2+), as a crucial trace element, play a vital role in living organisms. Thus, the detection of Cu2+ is of great significance for disease prevention and diagnosis. Nanochannel devices with an excellent nanoconfinement effect show great potential in recognizing and detecting Cu2+ ions. However, these devices often require complicated modification and treatment, which not only damages the membrane structure, but also induces nonspecific, low-sensitivity and non-repeatable detection. Herein, a 2D MXene-carboxymethyl chitosan (MXene/CMC) freestanding membrane with ordered lamellar channels was developed by a super-assembly strategy. The introduction of CMC provides abundant space charges, improving the nanoconfinement effect of the nanochannel. Importantly, the CMC can chelate with Cu2+ ions, endowing the MXene/CMC with the ability to detect Cu2+. The formation of CMC-Cu2+ complexes decreases the space charges, leading to a discernible variation in the current signal. Therefore, MXene/CMC can achieve highly sensitive and stable Cu2+ detection based on the characteristics of nanochannel composition. The linear response range for Cu2+ detection is 10-9 to 10-5 M with a low detection limit of 0.095 nM. Notably, MXene/CMC was successfully applied for Cu2+ detection in real water and fetal bovine serum samples. This work provides a simple, highly sensitive and stable detection platform based on the properties of the nanochannel composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomeng Hu
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Lab of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, P. R. China.
| | - Shan Zhou
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Lab of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, P. R. China.
| | - Hui Zeng
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Lab of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, P. R. China.
| | - Yaxin Guo
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Lab of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, P. R. China.
| | - Yeqing Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Lab of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, P. R. China.
| | - Qirui Liang
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Lab of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, P. R. China.
- Qingdao Innovation and Development Center, Harbin Engineering University, Qingdao 266400, P. R. China
| | - Jinqiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery Systems of Zhejiang Province, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P. R. China
| | - Lei Jiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Biao Kong
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Lab of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, P. R. China.
- Yiwu Research Institute of Fudan University, Yiwu, Zhejiang 322000, P. R. China
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Zeng Z, Huang J, Zhang L. Biomimetic mesoporous carbon-silica/AAO asymmetric nanochannel array for electrochemical sensing of K + in rat brain microdialysates and serum. Talanta 2024; 268:125304. [PMID: 37898035 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.125304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
Acquirement of chemical expression in practical brain system is vital to understand the molecular mechanism involved in physiological and pathological processes in brain. Though nanochannels have been demonstrated to be promising platform for electrochemical sensor, it is a great challenge for nanochannels to be employed in practical brain biofluid. In this work, we rationally designed and created the biomimetic asymmetric nanochannels for sensing of K+ through integrating in situ modification of a two-component mesoporous carbon-silica (MCS) thin film with a pore size of ∼3.6 nm at anodic alumina nanochannel array (AAO) with the ∼40 nm pores (denoted as MCS/AAO). Apparent rectification phenomenon in such functionalized nanochannel array was achieved based on diode-like ion transport. Then, 4'-aminobenzeno-18-crown-6 (SP) was selected to be chemically decorated at MCS/AAO as the specific recognition for K+ (SP/MCS/AAO). The developed SP/MCS/AAO exhibited good selectivity towards K+ detection against the coexisting interferences in brain, and possessed a good linear response to K+ concentration in the range of 0.5-10 mM with a detection limit of 0.1 mM. Combined with microdialysis technique, the variation of K+ was successfully determined in rat brain microdialysates and serums. Compared with normal rats, the concentration of K+ was found to be greatly decreased in the cerebral microdialysates and serum of rats with hypertensive model (SHR). This work unveiled a powerful platform for K+, and promised to be extended to design new strategy for detecting other chemical species, in particular non-electroactive species in biofluid related to physiological and pathological events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyao Zeng
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Dongchuan Road 500, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Jie Huang
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Dongchuan Road 500, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Limin Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Dongchuan Road 500, Shanghai, 200241, China.
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