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Fathi-Karkan S, Sargazi S, Shojaei S, Farasati Far B, Mirinejad S, Cordani M, Khosravi A, Zarrabi A, Ghavami S. Biotin-functionalized nanoparticles: an overview of recent trends in cancer detection. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:12750-12792. [PMID: 38899396 DOI: 10.1039/d4nr00634h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Electrochemical bio-sensing is a potent and efficient method for converting various biological recognition events into voltage, current, and impedance electrical signals. Biochemical sensors are now a common part of medical applications, such as detecting blood glucose levels, detecting food pathogens, and detecting specific cancers. As an exciting feature, bio-affinity couples, such as proteins with aptamers, ligands, paired nucleotides, and antibodies with antigens, are commonly used as bio-sensitive elements in electrochemical biosensors. Biotin-avidin interactions have been utilized for various purposes in recent years, such as targeting drugs, diagnosing clinically, labeling immunologically, biotechnology, biomedical engineering, and separating or purifying biomolecular compounds. The interaction between biotin and avidin is widely regarded as one of the most robust and reliable noncovalent interactions due to its high bi-affinity and ability to remain selective and accurate under various reaction conditions and bio-molecular attachments. More recently, there have been numerous attempts to develop electrochemical sensors to sense circulating cancer cells and the measurement of intracellular levels of protein thiols, formaldehyde, vitamin-targeted polymers, huwentoxin-I, anti-human antibodies, and a variety of tumor markers (including alpha-fetoprotein, epidermal growth factor receptor, prostate-specific Ag, carcinoembryonic Ag, cancer antigen 125, cancer antigen 15-3, etc.). Still, the non-specific binding of biotin to endogenous biotin-binding proteins present in biological samples can result in false-positive signals and hinder the accurate detection of cancer biomarkers. This review summarizes various categories of biotin-functional nanoparticles designed to detect such biomarkers and highlights some challenges in using them as diagnostic tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Fathi-Karkan
- Natural Products and Medicinal Plants Research Center, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, 94531-55166 Iran.
- Department of Advanced Sciences and Technologies in Medicine, School of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd 9414974877, Iran.
| | - Saman Sargazi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute of Cellular and Molecular Sciences in Infectious Diseases, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.
| | - Shirin Shojaei
- Nano Drug Delivery Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
| | - Bahareh Farasati Far
- Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Shekoufeh Mirinejad
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute of Cellular and Molecular Sciences in Infectious Diseases, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.
| | - Marco Cordani
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, Complutense University, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Arezoo Khosravi
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Istanbul Okan University, Istanbul 34959, Turkiye.
| | - Ali Zarrabi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Istinye University, Istanbul 34396, Turkiye.
- Department of Research Analytics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai - 600 077, India
- Graduate School of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan 320315, Taiwan
| | - Saeid Ghavami
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada.
- Faculty of Medicine in Zabrze, University of Technology in Katowice, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland
- Research Institute of Oncology and Hematology, Cancer Care Manitoba, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
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Meng W, Wang L, Du X, Xie M, Yang F, Li F, Wu ZE, Gan J, Wei H, Cao C, Lu S, Cao B, Li L, Li L, Zhu G. Engineered mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles constitute a versatile platform for targeted drug delivery. J Control Release 2023; 363:235-252. [PMID: 37739016 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.09.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are promising therapeutic carriers owing to their ideal size range and intrinsic biocompatibility. However, limited targeting ability has caused major setbacks in the clinical application of EV therapeutics. To overcome this, we genetically engineered natural free streptavidin (SA) on the cellular surface of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and obtained typical EVs from these cells (BMSC-EVs). Biotin-coated gold nanoparticles confirmed the expression of SA on the membrane of EVs, which has a high affinity for biotinylated molecules. Using a squamous cell carcinoma model, we demonstrated that a pH-sensitive fusogenic peptide -modification of BMSC-EVs achieved targetability in the microenvironment of a hypoxic tumor to deliver anti-tumor drugs. Using EGFR+HER2- and EGFR-HER2+ breast cancer models, we demonstrated that anti-EGFR and anti-HER2 modifications of BMSC-EVs were able to specifically deliver drugs to EGFR+ and HER2+ tumors, respectively. Using a collagen-induced arthritis model, we confirmed that anti-IL12/IL23-modified BMSC-EVs specifically accumulated in the arthritic joint and alleviated inflammation. Administration of SA-overexpressing BMSC-EVs has limited immunogenicity and high safety in vivo, suggesting that BMSC-derived EVs are ideal drug delivery vehicle. These representative scenarios of targeting modification suggest that, using different biotinylated molecules, the SA-overexpressing BMSC-EVs could be endowed with different targetabilities, which allows BMSC-EVs to serve as a versatile platform for targeted drug delivery under various situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanrong Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Head and Neck Oncology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Linlin Wang
- Sichuan Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, 610041 Chengdu, China
| | - Xueyu Du
- Sichuan Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, 610041 Chengdu, China
| | - Mingzhe Xie
- Sichuan Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, 610041 Chengdu, China
| | - Fan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Head and Neck Oncology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Fei Li
- Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041 Chengdu, China
| | - Zhanxuan E Wu
- Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041 Chengdu, China
| | - Jianguo Gan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Head and Neck Oncology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Hongxuan Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Head and Neck Oncology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Chang Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Head and Neck Oncology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Shun Lu
- Sichuan Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, 610041 Chengdu, China
| | - Bangrong Cao
- Sichuan Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, 610041 Chengdu, China
| | - Longjiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Head and Neck Oncology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Ling Li
- Sichuan Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, 610041 Chengdu, China
| | - Guiquan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Head and Neck Oncology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China.
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Islam MKB, Kenneth Marcus R. Loading characteristics of streptavidin on polypropylene capillary channeled polymer fibers and capture performance towards biotinylated proteins. Anal Bioanal Chem 2023; 415:6711-6721. [PMID: 37740120 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-023-04948-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
The development of higher-throughput, potentially lower-cost means to isolate proteins, for a variety of end uses, is of continuing emphasis. Polypropylene (PP) capillary-channeled polymer (C-CP) fiber columns are modified with the biotin-binding protein streptavidin (SAV) to capture biotinylated proteins. The loading characteristics of SAV on fiber supports were determined using breakthrough curves and frontal analysis. Based on adsorption data, a 3-min on-column loading at a flow rate of 0.5 mL min-1 (295.2 cm h-1) with a SAV feed concentration of 0.5 mg mL-1 produces a SAV loading capacity of 1.4 mg g-1 fiber. SAV has an incredibly high affinity for the small-molecule biotin (10-14 M), such that this binding relationship can be exploited by labeling a target protein with biotin via an Avi-tag. To evaluate the capture of the biotinylated proteins on the modified PP surface, the biotinylated versions of bovine serum albumin (b-BSA) and green fluorescent protein (b-GFP) were utilized as probe species. The loading buffer composition and flow rate were optimized towards protein capture. The non-ionic detergent Tween-20 was added to the deposition solutions to minimize non-specific binding. Values of 0.25-0.50% (v/v) Tween-20 in PBS exhibited better capture efficiency, while minimizing the non-specific binding for b-BSA and b-GFP, respectively. The C-CP fiber platform has the potential to provide a fast and low-cost method to capture targeted proteins for applications including protein purification or pull-down assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Khalid Bin Islam
- Department of Chemistry, Biosystems Research Complex, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, 29634-0973, USA
| | - R Kenneth Marcus
- Department of Chemistry, Biosystems Research Complex, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, 29634-0973, USA.
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Giovanella L, D'Aurizio F, Algeciras-Schimnich A, Görges R, Petranovic Ovcaricek P, Tuttle RM, Visser WE, Verburg FA. Thyroglobulin and thyroglobulin antibody: an updated clinical and laboratory expert consensus. Eur J Endocrinol 2023; 189:R11-R27. [PMID: 37625447 DOI: 10.1093/ejendo/lvad109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Thyroglobulin measurement is the cornerstone of modern management of differentiated thyroid cancer, with clinical decisions on treatment and follow-up based on the results of such measurements. However, numerous factors need to be considered regarding measurement with and interpretation of thyroglobulin assay results. DESIGN The present document provides an integrated update to the 2013 and 2014 separate clinical position papers of our group on these issues. METHODS Issues concerning analytical and clinical aspects of highly-sensitive thyroglobulin measurement will be reviewed and discussed based on an extensive analysis of the available literature. RESULTS Thyroglobulin measurement remains a highly complex process with many pitfalls and major sources of interference, especially anti-thyroglobulin antibodies, need to be assessed, considered and, when necessary, dealt with appropriately. CONCLUSIONS Our expert consensus group formulated 53 practical, graded recommendations for guidance on highly-sensitive thyroglobulin and TgAb in laboratory and clinical practice, especially valuable where current guidelines do not offer sufficient guidance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Giovanella
- Clinic for Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Imaging Institute of Southern Switzerland, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Bellinzona, Switzerland
- Clinic for Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Federica D'Aurizio
- Institute of Clinical Pathology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | | | - Rainer Görges
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital of Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Petra Petranovic Ovcaricek
- Department of Oncology and Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Center "Sestre Milosrdnice", Zagreb, Croatia
| | - R Michael Tuttle
- Endocrinology Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - W Edward Visser
- Academic Center for Thyroid Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Frederik A Verburg
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Targeted Two-Step Delivery of Oncotheranostic Nano-PLGA for HER2-Positive Tumor Imaging and Therapy In Vivo: Improved Effectiveness Compared to One-Step Strategy. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15030833. [PMID: 36986694 PMCID: PMC10053351 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15030833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Therapy for aggressive metastatic breast cancer remains a great challenge for modern biomedicine. Biocompatible polymer nanoparticles have been successfully used in clinic and are seen as a potential solution. Specifically, researchers are exploring the development of chemotherapeutic nanoagents targeting the membrane-associated receptors of cancer cells, such as HER2. However, there are no targeting nanomedications that have been approved for human cancer therapy. Novel strategies are being developed to alter the architecture of agents and optimize their systemic administration. Here, we describe a combination of these approaches, namely, the design of a targeted polymer nanocarrier and a method for its systemic delivery to the tumor site. Namely, PLGA nanocapsules loaded with a diagnostic dye, Nile Blue, and a chemotherapeutic compound, doxorubicin, are used for two-step targeted delivery using the concept of tumor pre-targeting through the barnase/barstar protein “bacterial superglue”. The first pre-targeting component consists of an anti-HER2 scaffold protein, DARPin9_29 fused with barstar, Bs-DARPin9_29, and the second component comprises chemotherapeutic PLGA nanocapsules conjugated to barnase, PLGA-Bn. The efficacy of this system was evaluated in vivo. To this aim, we developed an immunocompetent BALB/c mouse tumor model with a stable expression of human HER2 oncomarkers to test the potential of two-step delivery of oncotheranostic nano-PLGA. In vitro and ex vivo studies confirmed HER2 receptor stable expression in the tumor, making it a feasible tool for HER2-targeted drug evaluation. We demonstrated that two-step delivery was more effective than one-step delivery for both imaging and tumor therapy: two-step delivery had higher imaging capabilities than one-step and a tumor growth inhibition of 94.9% in comparison to 68.4% for the one-step strategy. The barnase*barstar protein pair has been proven to possess excellent biocompatibility, as evidenced by the successful completion of biosafety tests assessing immunogenicity and hemotoxicity. This renders the protein pair a highly versatile tool for pre-targeting tumors with various molecular profiles, thereby enabling the development of personalized medicine.
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Li L, Yin H, Xia Y, Zhao L, Lu H, Xue Y, Hu X, Zhou M. Enhanced electrochemiluminescence immunoassay: 2. Enabling signal detection at an early stage of incubation for rapid point-of-care testing. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2023.117413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
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Two-Step Targeted Drug Delivery via Proteinaceous Barnase-Barstar Interface and Doxorubicin-Loaded Nano-PLGA Outperforms One-Step Strategy for Targeted Delivery to HER2-Overexpressing Cells. Pharmaceutics 2022; 15:pharmaceutics15010052. [PMID: 36678681 PMCID: PMC9861000 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15010052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanoparticle-based chemotherapy is considered to be an effective approach to cancer diagnostics and therapy in modern biomedicine. However, efficient tumor targeting remains a great challenge due to the lack of specificity, selectivity, and high dosage of chemotherapeutic drugs required. A two-step targeted drug delivery strategy (DDS), involving cancer cell pre-targeting, first with a first nontoxic module and subsequent targeting with a second complementary toxic module, is a solution for decreasing doses for administration and lowering systemic toxicity. To prove two-step DDS efficiency, we performed a direct comparison of one-step and two-step DDS based on chemotherapy loaded PLGA nanoparticles and barnase*barstar interface. Namely, we developed and thoroughly characterized the two-step targeting strategy of HER2-overexpressing cancer cells. The first targeting block consists of anti-HER2 scaffold polypeptide DARPin9_29 fused with barstar. Barstar exhibits an extremely effective binding to ribonuclease barnase with Kaff = 1014 M-1, thus making the barnase*barstar protein pair one of the strongest known protein*protein complexes. A therapeutic PLGA-based nanocarrier coupled to barnase was used as a second targeting block. The PLGA nanoparticles were loaded with diagnostic dye, Nile Blue, and a chemotherapeutic drug, doxorubicin. We showed that the two-step DDS increases the performance of chemotherapy-loaded nanocarriers: IC50 of doxorubicin delivered via two-step DDS was more than 100 times lower than that for one-step DDS: IC50 = 43 ± 3 nM for two-step DDS vs. IC50 = 4972 ± 1965 nM for one-step DDS. The obtained results demonstrate the significant efficiency of two-step DDS over the classical one-step one. We believe that the obtained data will significantly change the direction of research in developing targeted anti-cancer drugs and promote the creation of new generation cancer treatment strategies.
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Supramolecular Enzymatic Labeling for Aptamer Switch-Based Electrochemical Biosensor. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:bios12070514. [PMID: 35884317 PMCID: PMC9313153 DOI: 10.3390/bios12070514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Here we report a novel labeling strategy for electrochemical aptasensors based on enzymatic marking via supramolecular host–guest interactions. This approach relies on the use of an adamantane-modified target-responsive hairpin DNA aptamer as an affinity bioreceptor, and a neoglycoconjugate of β-cyclodextin (CD) covalently attached to a redox enzyme as a labeling element. As a proof of concept, an amperometric aptasensor for a carcinoembryonic antigen was assembled on screen-printed carbon electrodes modified with electrodeposited fern-like gold nanoparticles/graphene oxide and, by using a horseradish peroxidase-CD neoglycoenzyme as a biocatalytic redox label. This aptasensor was able to detect the biomarker in the concentration range from 10 pg/mL to 1 ng/mL with a high selectivity and a low detection limit of 3.1 pg/mL in human serum samples.
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Al-Akayleh F, Jaber N, Al-Remawi M, Al Odwan G, Qinna N. Chitosan-biotin topical film: Preparation and evaluation of burn wound healing activity. Pharm Dev Technol 2022; 27:479-489. [DOI: 10.1080/10837450.2022.2079132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Faisal Al-Akayleh
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of Petra, Amman 11196, Jordan.
| | - Nisrein Jaber
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Mayyas Al-Remawi
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of Petra, Amman 11196, Jordan.
| | - Ghazi Al Odwan
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of Petra, Amman 11196, Jordan.
| | - Nidal Qinna
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of Petra, Amman 11196, Jordan.
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Yang H, Zhao X, Zhang Z, Ma P, Wang X, Song D, Sun Y. Biotin-streptavidin sandwich integrated PDA-ZnO@Au nanocomposite based SPR sensor for hIgG detection. Talanta 2022; 246:123496. [PMID: 35487015 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2022.123496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
SPR is a mature optical biosensor technology for detecting biomolecular interactions without fluorescence or enzyme labeling. In this paper, we acquire a sensitive SPR biosensor based on ZnO@Au nanomaterial, and the classical sandwich strategy using biotin-streptavidin for secondary signal amplification system was used to detect human IgG (hIgG). Nano-zinc oxide (ZnO) has the dual characteristics of nanocomposite and traditional zinc oxide, with large specific surface area and high chemical activity. Besides, the gold-coated ZnO nanocrystals improve the optical properties of ZnO and enlarge the loading capacity with better biocompatibility. Therefore, a sensing platform based on PDA-ZnO@Au nanomaterial was constructed on gold film modified with mercaptan. Meanwhile, the biotin-avidin system in SPR sensor field has been rapidly developed and applied. Due to the highly selection of streptavidin (SA) and biotin interact with each other, GNRs-SA-biotin-Ab2 (GSAB-Ab2) were constructed to obtain the secondary enhancement of SPR signal. The influences of experimental conditions were also discussed. With optimal experimental conditions, introducing GSAB-Ab2 conjugate combined with a sandwich format, the resulting SPR biosensor provides a favourable range for hIgG determination of 0.0375-40 μg mL-1. The minimum detection concentration of hIgG that can be obtained by this method is approximately 67-fold lower than the conventional SPR sensor based on gold film. The sensitivity of SPR biosensor is significantly improved in a certain range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haohua Yang
- College of Chemistry, Jilin Province Research Center for Engineering and Technology of Spectral Analytical Instruments, Jilin University, Qianjin Street 2699, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Xueqi Zhao
- College of Chemistry, Jilin Province Research Center for Engineering and Technology of Spectral Analytical Instruments, Jilin University, Qianjin Street 2699, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Ziwei Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Jilin Province Research Center for Engineering and Technology of Spectral Analytical Instruments, Jilin University, Qianjin Street 2699, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Pinyi Ma
- College of Chemistry, Jilin Province Research Center for Engineering and Technology of Spectral Analytical Instruments, Jilin University, Qianjin Street 2699, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Xinghua Wang
- College of Chemistry, Jilin Province Research Center for Engineering and Technology of Spectral Analytical Instruments, Jilin University, Qianjin Street 2699, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Daqian Song
- College of Chemistry, Jilin Province Research Center for Engineering and Technology of Spectral Analytical Instruments, Jilin University, Qianjin Street 2699, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Ying Sun
- College of Chemistry, Jilin Province Research Center for Engineering and Technology of Spectral Analytical Instruments, Jilin University, Qianjin Street 2699, Changchun, 130012, China.
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Büyüktiryaki S, Yazıcı B, Ersöz A, Say R, Özkütük EB. Application of HRP-streptavidin bionanoparticles for potentiometric biotin determination. Bioelectrochemistry 2022; 144:107993. [PMID: 34823072 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2021.107993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Biotin is widely used in infant formula to prevent biotin deficiency of newborn babies and in beauty products as nutritional supplements for coenzymatic functions and having strong nails, shiny hair, and skin over the last few years. There is a need for the development of a fast, simple and reusable assay method to perform biotin determination at very low concentrations. Biotin determination has achieved with a prepared potentiometric biotin sensor that has a very wide concentration range (10-15M-10-7M) and a lower detection limit (0.3 10-15M) with a very good regression coefficient (0.9925). A quick response (7 min), good accuracy (recovery 100.4-103.7%), reproducible, reusable (10 times), and long-term stability (3 months) have been obtained using the prepared potentiometric sensor. The obtained results have proved that the prepared potentiometric sensor can be used for biotin determination in real samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sibel Büyüktiryaki
- Department of Medical Services and Techniques, Yunus Emre Vocational School of Health Services, Anadolu University, Eskişehir, TR 26470, Turkey.
| | - Burcu Yazıcı
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Letters, Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, TR 26480, Turkey
| | - Arzu Ersöz
- Bionkit Co Ltd., Anadolu University Teknopark, Eskisehir, TR 26470, Turkey; Department of Chemistry, Eskişehir Technical University, Eskisehir, TR 26470, Turkey
| | - Rıdvan Say
- Bionkit Co Ltd., Anadolu University Teknopark, Eskisehir, TR 26470, Turkey
| | - Ebru Birlik Özkütük
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Letters, Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, TR 26480, Turkey
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Burkin MA, Galvidis IA, Eremin SA. Influence of Endogenous Factors of Food Matrices on Avidin—Biotin Immunoassays for the Detection of Bacitracin and Colistin in Food. Foods 2022; 11:foods11020219. [PMID: 35053951 PMCID: PMC8774703 DOI: 10.3390/foods11020219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
(Strept)avidin–biotin technology is frequently used in immunoassay systems to improve their analytical properties. It is known from clinical practice that many (strept)avidin–biotin-based tests provide false results when analyzing patient samples with a high content of endogenous biotin. No specific investigation has been carried out regarding possible interferences from avidin (AVI) and biotin (B7) contained in food matrices in (strept)avidin–biotin-based immunoanalytical systems for food safety. Two kinds of competitive ELISAs for bacitracin (BT) and colistin (COL) determination in food matrices were developed based on conventional hapten–protein coating conjugates and biotinylated BT and COL bound to immobilized streptavidin (SAV). Coating SAV–B7–BT and SAV–B7–COL complexes-based ELISAs provided 2- and 15-times better sensitivity in BT and COL determination, corresponding to 0.6 and 0.3 ng/mL, respectively. Simultaneously with the determination of the main analytes, these kinds of tests were used as competitive assays for the assessment of AVI or B7 content up to 10 and 1 ng/mL, respectively, in food matrices (egg, infant milk formulas enriched with B7, chicken and beef liver). Matrix-free experiments with AVI/B7-enriched solutions showed distortion of the standard curves, indicating that these ingredients interfere with the adequate quantification of analytes. Summarizing the experience of the present study, it is recommended to avoid immunoassays based on avidin–biotin interactions when analyzing biosamples containing these endogenous factors or enriched with B7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maksim A. Burkin
- Immunology Department, I. Mechnikov Research Institute for Vaccines and Sera, 105064 Moscow, Russia;
- Correspondence: (M.A.B.); (S.A.E.); Tel.: +7-495-9172753 (M.A.B.)
| | - Inna A. Galvidis
- Immunology Department, I. Mechnikov Research Institute for Vaccines and Sera, 105064 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Sergei A. Eremin
- Faculty of Chemistry, M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninsky Gory, 1, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Correspondence: (M.A.B.); (S.A.E.); Tel.: +7-495-9172753 (M.A.B.)
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13
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OUP accepted manuscript. Lab Med 2022; 53:426-432. [DOI: 10.1093/labmed/lmac013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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14
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Öncül Ü, Eminoğlu FT, Köse E, Doğan Ö, Özsu E, Aycan Z. Serum biotin interference: A troublemaker in hormone immunoassays. Clin Biochem 2021; 99:97-102. [PMID: 34736903 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2021.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Biotin therapy can affect the results of many immunoassay procedures. The present study investigates biotin's interference on 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25-OHD), parathyroidhormone (PTH) and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) tests using four different assay systems and biotin neutralization. DESIGN AND METHODS Enrolled in the study were 50 children diagnosed with biotinidase deficiency (BTD) undergoing treatment with biotin (5-20 mg/day) who were subjected to a series of analyses involving 25-OHD (Roche Diagnostics assays, Beckman Coulter assays, HPLC, LC/MS-MS), TSH, PTH (Roche Diagnostics assays, Beckman Coulter assays) and biotin (LC/MS-MS), before and after biotin neutralization with Streptavidin-coated magnetic particles (SMP). RESULTS The median biotin concentration was found to be 175.2 [94.0-307.1] μg/L. There was no significant difference in the 25-OHD results before and after neutralization with the Beckman Coulter, HPLC and LC-MS/MS assays. In contrast, the median 25-OHD level was seen to decrease from 90.2 [35.9-105.3] ng/mL to 29.1 [22.6-37.6] ng/mL after neutralization with the Roche assay (p < 0.0001). While there was no statistically significant difference in the values recorded before and after neutralization in PTH analysis using Beckman assay, the median PTH levels increased from 7.8 [1.6-21.6] pg/mL to 28.2 [22.5-41.9] pg/mL after neutralization with the Roche assay (p < 0.0001). The cut-off values at which serum biotin interfered in the Roche assay PTH test, with 25-OHD levels determined as 51.4 μg/L and 62.9 μg/L, respectively. A significant increase was detected in the TSH levels analyzed with a Roche assay after neutralization (from 2.36 [1.85-3.00] mIU/L to 2.74 [1.93-3.70] mIU/L, p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS The PTH, 25-OHD and TSH results were found to be affected by high biotin concentrations in Roche assays, leading to a risk of misdiagnosis, although SMP neutralization can suppress any such interference efficiently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ümmühan Öncül
- Department of Pediatric Metabolism, Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Fatma Tuba Eminoğlu
- Department of Pediatric Metabolism, Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Engin Köse
- Department of Pediatric Metabolism, Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Özlem Doğan
- Department of Biochemistry, Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Elif Özsu
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Zehra Aycan
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
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Zhu Y, Wang J, Vanga SK, Raghavan V. Visualizing structural changes of egg avidin to thermal and electric field stresses by molecular dynamics simulation. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2021.112139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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16
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A novel pneumococcal protein-polysaccharide conjugate vaccine based on biotin-streptavidin. Infect Immun 2021; 90:e0035221. [PMID: 34694917 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00352-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Pneumococcal disease is a serious public health problem worldwide and an important cause of morbidity and mortality among children and adults in developing countries. Although vaccination is among the most effective approaches to prevent and control pneumococcal diseases, approved vaccines have limited protective effects. We developed a pneumococcal protein-polysaccharide conjugate vaccine that is mediated by the non-covalent interaction between biotin and streptavidin. Biotinylated type IV capsular polysaccharide was incubated with a fusion protein containing core streptavidin and Streptococcus pneumoniae virulence protein and relying on the non-covalent interaction between biotin and streptavidin to prepare the protein-polysaccharide conjugate vaccine. Analysis of vaccine efficacy revealed that mice immunized with the protein-polysaccharide conjugate vaccine produced antibodies with high potency against virulence proteins and polysaccharide antigens and were able to induce Th1 and Th17 responses. The antibodies identified using an opsonophagocytic assay were capable of activating the complement system and promoting pathogen elimination by phagocytes. Additionally, mice immunized with the protein-polysaccharide conjugate vaccine and then infected with a lethal dose of Streptococcus pneumoniae demonstrated induced protective immunity. The data indicated that the pneumococcal protein-polysaccharide (biotin-streptavidin) conjugate vaccine demonstrated broad-spectrum activity applicable to a wide range of people and ease of direct coupling between protein and polysaccharide. These findings provide further evidence for the application of biotin-streptavidin in S. pneumoniae vaccines.
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17
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Development of enzyme-free single-step immunoassays for glycocholic acid based on palladium nanoparticle-mediated signal generation. Anal Bioanal Chem 2021; 413:5733-5742. [PMID: 34476526 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-021-03548-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Palladium nanoparticles (PdNPs) are composed mainly of inert noble metals, and their outstanding properties have attracted wide attention. PdNPs are not only capable of mimicking the oxidase-like characteristics of natural bio-enzymes, but they also present a clear black band in the test zone. In this work, the synthesized PdNPs promoted a transformation of colorless tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) to a blue oxidation product of TMB, providing a Km value of 0.09 mM for TMB, and revealing the good catalytic performance of the synthesized PdNPs. For both signal generation and amplification, PdNPs effectively replaced natural bio-enzymes as a new labeling tag. Thus, the PdNP-based enzyme-free single-step immunoassays were successfully developed for efficient and sensitive detection of glycocholic acid (GCA). Under optimal conditions, a noticeable linear relationship was identified by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) over a range of 8-2390 ng/mL, while the visual limit of detection (vLOD) in the constructed lateral flow immunoassay (LFA) was 10 ng/mL for GCA. The recovery rate in spiked urine samples obtained by the ELISA ranged from 84.2 to 117.9%, which was consistent with the results in LFA. The present work demonstrates the potential of PdNPs as labeling matrices in enzyme-free single-step immunoassays.
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Song M, Lin X, Peng Z, Zhang M, Wu J. Enhancing affinity-based electroanalytical biosensors by integrated AC electrokinetic enrichment-A mini review. Electrophoresis 2021; 43:201-211. [PMID: 34453857 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202100168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Biosensors play a central role in moving diagnostics to being on-site or decentralized. Affinity biosensor, an important category of biosensors, has important applications in clinical diagnosis, pharmaceuticals, immunology, and other fields. Affinity biosensors rely on specific binding between target analytes and biological ligands such as antibodies, nucleic acids, or other receptors to generate measurable signals. Oftentimes the target analytes in practical samples are of low abundance in a complex matrix. Traditional affinity biosensors mainly rely on random diffusion of analytes in solution to conjugate with biorecognition elements on the sensor surface of electrodes. The process may take hours or even days, which is not conducive to rapid and sensitive detection of biosensors. Therefore, it is strongly desired to incorporate an enrichment mechanism for target analytes into biosensor-based detection. AC electrokinetic (ACEK) effect can realize rapid enrichment of analytes by application of AC electric fields, which holds great promise for achieving high sensitivity, low detection limit, and rapid turnaround. This article reviews the studies of affinity biosensors integrated with ACEK enrichment in the past decade, and summarizes the latest detection methods, detection devices and applications, hoping to provide some insights and references for researchers in related fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Song
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology and Systems of Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing University, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Xiaogang Lin
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology and Systems of Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing University, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Zhijia Peng
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology and Systems of Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing University, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Maoxiao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology and Systems of Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing University, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Jayne Wu
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA
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Sobolevsky T, Ahrens B. Biotin as a masking agent in chorionic gonadotropin assays utilizing biotinylated antibodies. Drug Test Anal 2021; 13:1929-1935. [PMID: 34378342 DOI: 10.1002/dta.3141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Biotin interference in streptavidin/biotin-based immunoassays has been recently recognized as a confounding factor in clinical settings. Depending on the nature of the assay, the presence of excess biotin in patient samples can cause falsely high or low results. One of the platforms known to be affected, Roche Cobas, is widely used in anti-doping laboratories to test for intact chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) in urine. While biotin levels in blood have been well studied, less is known about urinary biotin due to its limited clinical significance. Having analyzed over 4000 urine samples, we have established a reference range for urinary biotin with a median concentration of approximately 12 ng/mL. However, a significant number of samples contain much higher amounts, with a maximum approaching 10 μg/mL, suggesting biotin supplementation. Consequently, the tolerance of hCG STAT assay towards biotin was investigated over a wide concentration range. The apparent hCG concentration was found to decrease almost linearly as biotin increased from 100 to 1000 ng/mL, with only 10% of the expected value reported by the assay as biotin reached 1000 ng/mL. Further increase of biotin resulted in a progressive, albeit more moderate, decline in measured hCG concentration. To avoid a false negative result in the context of anti-doping analysis, it is highly recommended to monitor biotin in urine and perform diafiltration before hCG measurement in samples with elevated biotin to remove the interference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Sobolevsky
- UCLA Olympic Analytical Laboratory, Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Brian Ahrens
- UCLA Olympic Analytical Laboratory, Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA
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Kabiri P, Weiskirchen R, van Helden J. The biotin interference within interference suppressed immunoassays. J Clin Lab Anal 2021; 35:e23940. [PMID: 34346119 PMCID: PMC8418509 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.23940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Reports of false laboratory findings due to a biotin supplementation have raised concerns about the safety of immunoassays. According to current research, biotin is known to cause interference in immunoassays. Since up to 70% of medical decisions are based on laboratory results and the significantly increased intake of biotin supplements in the recent years, the reliability of immunoassays is essential. Methods To evaluate this reliability two experiments were conducted. In the first experiment 59 interference suppressed immunoassays of the manufacturer Roche Diagnostics were examined regarding their sensitivity to a biotin interference. In the second experiment the pharmacokinetic of biotin was examined by supplementing volunteers with biotin. Results A combination of the results of both experiments suggests that a biotin interference in laboratory findings is probable. Contrary to the current state of research on sandwich immunoassays, falsely elevated test results occur more frequently than falsely low results. Conclusion The interference suppressed immunoassays have shown in the experiment that they are susceptible to a biotin interference. Therefore, laboratory institutions, medical staff and patients must be aware of the possibility of a biotin interference. As a result, Roche Diagnostics may consider reviewing the interference suppression and their indications of the tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Payam Kabiri
- Institute for Molecular Pathobiochemistry, Experimental Gene Therapy and Clinical Chemistry (IFMPEGKC), University Hospital RWTH, Aachen, Germany
| | - Ralf Weiskirchen
- Institute for Molecular Pathobiochemistry, Experimental Gene Therapy and Clinical Chemistry (IFMPEGKC), University Hospital RWTH, Aachen, Germany
| | - Josef van Helden
- Institute for Molecular Pathobiochemistry, Experimental Gene Therapy and Clinical Chemistry (IFMPEGKC), University Hospital RWTH, Aachen, Germany.,Laboratory Dr. Stein and Colleagues, Mönchengladbach, Germany
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21
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Espiritu AI, Remalante-Rayco PPM. High-dose biotin for multiple sclerosis: A systematic review and meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials. Mult Scler Relat Disord 2021; 55:103159. [PMID: 34332461 DOI: 10.1016/j.msard.2021.103159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Biotin may activate the acetyl-CoA-, 3-methylcrotonyl-CoA-, propionyl-CoA-, and pyruvate carboxylases to increase myelin repair and/or synthesis, and may enhance the production of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), which may be essential to prevent neurodegeneration. The purpose of this review was to determine the effectiveness and safety of high-dose biotin (HDB) in multiple sclerosis via a systematic review of randomized controlled trials. METHODS We searched the following electronic databases for relevant articles: MEDLINE, CENTRAL, EMBASE, Scopus, and ClinicalTrials.gov website until April 2021. We considered randomized clinical trials (RCTs) that involved adult patients diagnosed with any phenotype of multiple sclerosis that conforms with the McDonald 2010/2017 criteria or the Lublin 2014 criteria. We included studies employing high-dose biotin or "MD1003" administered orally for at least 300 mg/day and given for at least three months. The methodological quality assessment of the included studies was done using the Cochrane Risk of Bias (RoB) tool. The GRADE approach was used to assess the certainty of evidence [COE]. RESULTS Out of 366 records identified, three RCTs involving 889 individuals diagnosed with MS (830 participants had progressive MS (PMS); 59 had RRMS) were pooled for analyses. The overall female:male ratio was 1.16:1. All included trials used HDB as an adjunctive treatment. The risks of bias in the three studies were low across the domains. At 12 to 15 months, there is insufficient evidence that the HDB and placebo arms differed in terms of composite improvement of MS-related disability (relative risk (RR) 2.87; 95% CI 0.29-28.40; 2 trials; 796 participants; I2 = 66%) [low COE], improvement in expanded disability status scale (IEDSS) (RR 2.27; 95% CI 0.25-20.98; 2 trials; 796 participants; I2 = 63%) [low COE], and both IEDSS and improvement in 25-foot walk time (ITW25) (IEDSS-ITW25) (RR 0.58; 95% CI 0.17-2.00; 2 trials; 796 participants; I2 = 13%) [moderate COE] among patients with PMS. Pooled data for ITW25 at 12 to 15 months yielded statistical significance (RR 2.06; 95% CI 1.04-4.09; 2 trials; 796 participants; I2 = 0%) [moderate COE] favoring HDB among patients with PMS. At 12 to 15 months, no significant differences were found in terms of mean change in EDSS (MD -0.06; 95% CI -0.14-0.02; 2 studies; 796 participants; 889 participants; I2 = 68%) among patients with PMS. Synthesized data on incidence of any AEs (RR 0.98; 95% CI 0.92-1.04; 3 trials; I2 = 0%) [high COE] and any serious AEs (RR 0.98; 95% CI 0.77-1.24; 3 trials; 889 participants; I2 = 0%) [moderate COE] were not significantly different between HDB and placebo groups. Out of 662 pooled patients in the HDB group, 31 patients (4.7%) were found to have laboratory test interference compared to zero event in the pooled placebo group [high COE]. CONCLUSIONS A moderate certainty of evidence suggests a potential benefit in favor of HDB administered for 12 to 15 months in terms of ITW25 in patients with PMS. However, an important trade-off of this benefit is the high certainty of evidence suggesting an increased incidence of laboratory test interference when HDB is taken.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian I Espiritu
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines; Department of Neurosciences, College of Medicine and Philippine General Hospital, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines; Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, ON M5B 1W8, Canada.
| | - Patricia Pauline M Remalante-Rayco
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto and University Health Network Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, ON M5T 2S8, Canada
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22
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Ye J, Ren G, Wang C, Hu A, Li F, Zhou S, He Z. A facile and fast strategy for cathodic electroactive-biofilm assembly via magnetic nanoparticle bioconjugation. Biosens Bioelectron 2021; 190:113464. [PMID: 34197998 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2021.113464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Microbial electrosynthesis is a promising electricity-driven technology for converting carbon dioxide into value-added compounds, but the formation of cathodic electroactive-biofilms (CEBs) is challenging. Herein, we have demonstrated an innovative strategy for CEBs assembly via magnetic nanoparticle bioconjugation, which lies in the synergistic interactions among a bonder (Streptavidin, SA), conductive nanomaterials (Fe3O4), and a methanogen (M. barkeri). The results showed that the bioconjugated M. barkeri-SA-Fe3O4 biohybrids significantly enhanced both methane yield (33.2-fold) and faradaic efficiency (5.6-fold), compared with that of bare M. barkeri. Such an enhancement was attributed to the improved viability of CEBs with a higher biomass density. Particularly, more live cells were presented in the inner biofilms and promoted the long-distance electron exchange between the live outer-layer biofilm and the cathode electrode. Meanwhile, the higher redox activity of CEBs with the M. barkeri-SA-Fe3O4 biohybrids resulted in an improved transient charge storage capability, which was beneficial for the biological CO2-to-CH4 conversion via acting as an additional electron donor. This work has provided a new approach to accelerate the formation of CEBs and subsequent electron transfer, which holds a great potential for accomplishing electrosynthesis and CO2 fixation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Ye
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Guoping Ren
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Andong Hu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Fengqi Li
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Shungui Zhou
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China.
| | - Zhen He
- Department of Energy, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA.
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Huang Y, Sun T, Liu L, Xia N, Zhao Y, Yi X. Surface plasmon resonance biosensor for the detection of miRNAs by combining the advantages of homogeneous reaction and heterogeneous detection. Talanta 2021; 234:122622. [PMID: 34364431 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2021.122622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The hybridization and enzymolysis reactions for nucleic acid detection were carried out on the chip surface in the traditional surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensors. Herein, we proposed an innovative method for microRNA (miRNA) detection in which the hybridization-enzymolysis recycling reactions were performed in solution. Duplex-specific nuclease (DSN) and streptavidin-modified gold nanoparticles (SA-AuNPs) were employed for enhancing the assay sensitivity. In the absence of miRNA, the biotinylated DNA probe (bio-DNA-bio, biotin tags at both the 3' and 5' termini of DNA) was attached to the SA-modified chip through the SA-biotin binding, allowing the capture of SA-AuNPs with the same interaction. As a result, a larger SPR signal was attained. However, in the presence of miRNA, bio-DNA-bio hybridized with miRNA was digested by DSN. In this process, the miRNA strand remained intact and participated in the next hybridization-enzymolysis recycling process. Thus, one miRNA could promote the hydrolysis of many bio-DNA-bio probes and allow the generation of numerous bio-DNA fragments. Meanwhile, the produced bio-DNA competed with the undigested bio-DNA-bio to bind SA on the chip surface. The digestion of bio-DNA-bio and the competitive binding between bio-DNA-bio and bio-DNA led to the attachment of fewer SA-AuNPs and then smaller SPR signals. The change in SPR signal at the concentration as low as 1 fM miRNA has been readily determined. The strategy possessed the advantageous properties of simple operation, fast response, high sensitivity and excellent specificity, serving as a viable means for the fabrication of novel sensing platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaliang Huang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anyang Normal University, Anyang, Henan, 455000, People's Republic of China; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410083, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Sun
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anyang Normal University, Anyang, Henan, 455000, People's Republic of China; School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Guizhou Education University, Gao Xin Road 115, Wudang District, Guizhou, 550000, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anyang Normal University, Anyang, Henan, 455000, People's Republic of China
| | - Ning Xia
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anyang Normal University, Anyang, Henan, 455000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yuehua Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anyang Normal University, Anyang, Henan, 455000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinyao Yi
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410083, People's Republic of China.
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24
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Di Leone S, Vallapurackal J, Yorulmaz Avsar S, Kyropolou M, Ward TR, Palivan CG, Meier W. Expanding the Potential of the Solvent-Assisted Method to Create Bio-Interfaces from Amphiphilic Block Copolymers. Biomacromolecules 2021; 22:3005-3016. [PMID: 34105950 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.1c00424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Artificial membranes, as materials with biomimetic properties, can be applied in various fields, such as drug screening or bio-sensing. The solvent-assisted method (SA) represents a straightforward method to prepare lipid solid-supported membranes. It overcomes the main limitations of established membrane preparation methods, such as Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) or vesicle fusion. However, it has not yet been applied to create artificial membranes based on amphiphilic block copolymers, despite their enhanced mechanical stability compared to lipid-based membranes and bio-compatible properties. Here, we applied the SA method on different amphiphilic di- and triblock poly(dimethylsiloxane)-block-poly(2-methyl-2-oxazoline) (PDMS-b-PMOXA) copolymers and optimized the conditions to prepare artificial membranes on a solid support. The real-time membrane formation, the morphology, and the mechanical properties have been evaluated by a combination of atomic force microscopy and quartz crystal microbalance. Then, selected biomolecules including complementary DNA strands and an artificial deallylase metalloenzyme (ADAse) were incorporated into these membranes relying on the biotin-streptavidin technology. DNA strands served to establish the capability of these synthetic membranes to interact with biomolecules by preserving their correct conformation. The catalytic activity of the ADAse following its membrane anchoring induced the functionality of the biomimetic platform. Polymer membranes on solid support as prepared by the SA method open new opportunities for the creation of artificial membranes with tailored biomimetic properties and functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Di Leone
- Chemistry Department, University of Basel, BPR 1096, Mattenstrasse 24a, 4058 Basel, Switzerland.,School of Life Sciences, Institute for Chemistry and Bioanalytics, University of Applied Sciences Northwestern Switzerland (FHNW), Grundenstrasse 40, 4132 Muttenz, Switzerland
| | - Jaicy Vallapurackal
- Chemistry Department, University of Basel, BPR 1096, Mattenstrasse 24a, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Saziye Yorulmaz Avsar
- Chemistry Department, University of Basel, BPR 1096, Mattenstrasse 24a, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Myrto Kyropolou
- Chemistry Department, University of Basel, BPR 1096, Mattenstrasse 24a, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Thomas R Ward
- Chemistry Department, University of Basel, BPR 1096, Mattenstrasse 24a, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Cornelia G Palivan
- Chemistry Department, University of Basel, BPR 1096, Mattenstrasse 24a, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Wolfgang Meier
- Chemistry Department, University of Basel, BPR 1096, Mattenstrasse 24a, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
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Lee SJ, Bong JH, Jung J, Sung JS, Kang MJ, Jose J, Pyun JC. Screening of biotin-binding F V-antibodies from autodisplayed F V-library on E. coli outer membrane. Anal Chim Acta 2021; 1169:338627. [PMID: 34088371 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2021.338627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to isolate FV-antibodies with biotin-binding activity from a FV-antibody library that was successfully screened on the outer membrane of E. coli. The aims were achieved by (1) preparing a library of FV-antibodies on the outer membrane of E. coli using autodisplay technology, (2) screening the FV-antibodies with biotin-binding activity from the FV-antibody library, and (3) synthesizing peptides (molecular weight of several kDa) from the biotin-binding amino acid sequence of FV-antibodies. An FV-antibody library with a diversity of 1.7 × 105 clones was prepared on the outer membrane of E. coli, using a surface display method called autodisplay technology. For the screening of biotin-binding FV-antibodies, the fluorescence-labeled biotin was introduced into the library, and the target E. coli with biotin-binding activity were screened using flow cytometry. For the screened E. coli clones, the binding affinity (KD) of Fv-antibodies against biotin was calculated and the binding properties of the screened FV-antibody were analyzed through competition assay with a synthetic peptide having the biotin-like activity. From the FRET experiment with the synthetic peptide corresponding to the CDR3 region of the screened Fv-antibody, the biotin-binding activity of the screened FV-antibody was proved to be originated from the CDR3. Finally, the applicability of the biotin-binding domain was demonstrated through the co-expression with a protein called Z-domain with antibody binding activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo Jeong Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-Ro, Seodaemun-Gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - Ji-Hong Bong
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-Ro, Seodaemun-Gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - Jaeyong Jung
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-Ro, Seodaemun-Gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - Jeong Soo Sung
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-Ro, Seodaemun-Gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - Min-Jung Kang
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, South Korea
| | - Joachim Jose
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medical Chemistry, Westfälischen Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Muenster, Germany.
| | - Jae-Chul Pyun
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-Ro, Seodaemun-Gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea.
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Lee J, Kwon Y, Jung J, Shin H, Park J. Immunostaining Extracellular Vesicles Based on an Aqueous Two-Phase System: For Analysis of Tetraspanins. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2021; 4:3294-3303. [PMID: 35014416 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c01625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Immunostaining of extracellular vesicles (EVs) has become necessary for the characterization of EV subtypes, clarification of the EV biogenesis/cellular uptake pathway, drug delivery, etc. Immunostained EVs must be in suspension for further downstream analyses or uses. However, conventional EV immunostaining methods yielding EVs in suspension lack either sufficient recovery or staining specificity because of the washing steps. In this study, we have devised and tested a method to wash immunostained EVs with successive aqueous two-phase system (ATPS) separations. The ATPS is a liquid-liquid extraction procedure that ensures a gentle separation of target molecules. The ATPS has been successfully employed to separate EVs from other impurities with high yield and high purity. Immunostained EVs were washed with the ATPS and compared with other immunostaining methods to confirm the proposed method's high EV recovery and staining accuracy. According to the result, the ATPS-based EV immunostaining method required as low as ∼1 μg without compromise of accuracy and recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingeol Lee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Gyeong-buk 790-784, Republic of Korea
| | - Yongmin Kwon
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Gyeong-buk 790-784, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaehun Jung
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Gyeong-buk 790-784, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunwoo Shin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Gyeong-buk 790-784, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaesung Park
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Gyeong-buk 790-784, Republic of Korea.,School of Interdisciplinary Bioscience and Bioengineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Gyeong-buk 790-784, Republic of Korea
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Zaninotto M, Plebani M. Understanding and managing interferences in clinical laboratory assays: the role of laboratory professionals. Clin Chem Lab Med 2021; 58:350-356. [PMID: 31622245 DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2019-0898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The recently raised concerns regarding biotin interference in immunoassays have increased the awareness of laboratory professionals and clinicians of the evidence that the analytical phase is still vulnerable to errors, particularly as analytical interferences may lead to erroneous results and risks for patient safety. The issue of interference in laboratory testing, which is not new, continues to be a challenge deserving the concern and interest of laboratory professionals and clinicians. Analytical interferences should be subdivided into two types on the basis of the possibility of their detection before the analytical process. The first (type 1) is represented by lipemia, hemolysis and icterus, and the second (type 2), by unusual constituents that are not undetectable before analysis, and may affect the matrix of serum/plasma of individual subjects. Type 2 cannot be identified with current techniques when performing the pre-analytical phase. Therefore, in addition to a more careful evaluation and validation of the method to be used in clinical practice, the awareness of laboratory professionals should be raised as to the importance of evaluating the quality of biological samples before analysis and to adopt algorithms and approaches in the attempt to reduce problems related to erroneous results due to specific or non-specific interferences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Zaninotto
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University-Hospital of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Mario Plebani
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University-Hospital of Padova, Padova, Italy
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28
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Ruth I, Mathieu E, Burniat A, Fage D, Cotton F, Wolff F. Interferences in free thyroxine concentration using the Roche analytical platform: improvement of the third generation? Clin Chem Lab Med 2021; 58:e36-e39. [PMID: 31377735 DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2019-0525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Ruth
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Laboratoire Hospitalier Universitaire de Bruxelles (LHUB-ULB), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Elise Mathieu
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Laboratoire Hospitalier Universitaire de Bruxelles (LHUB-ULB), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Agnès Burniat
- Department of Endocrinology, Erasme Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - David Fage
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Laboratoire Hospitalier Universitaire de Bruxelles (LHUB-ULB), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Frédéric Cotton
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Laboratoire Hospitalier Universitaire de Bruxelles (LHUB-ULB), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Fleur Wolff
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Laboratoire Hospitalier Universitaire de Bruxelles (LHUB-ULB), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), rue haute 322, 1000 Brussels, Belgium
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29
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Bacteriophage-based advanced bacterial detection: Concept, mechanisms, and applications. Biosens Bioelectron 2021; 177:112973. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2021.112973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2020] [Revised: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Xia N, Sun Z, Ding F, Wang Y, Sun W, Liu L. Protease Biosensor by Conversion of a Homogeneous Assay into a Surface-Tethered Electrochemical Analysis Based on Streptavidin-Biotin Interactions. ACS Sens 2021; 6:1166-1173. [PMID: 33480678 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.0c02415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
This work proposed a new sensing strategy for protease detection by converting a homogeneous assay into a surface-tethered electrochemical analysis. Streptavidin (SA), a tetramer protein, was used as the sensing unit based on the SA-biotin coupling chemistry. Caspase-3 was used as the model analyte, and a biotinylated peptide with a sequence of biotin-GDEVDGK-biotin was designed as the substrate. Specifically, the peptide substrate could induce an assembly of SA to form (SA-biotin-GDEVDGK-biotin)n aggregates through SA-biotin interactions, which was confirmed by atomic force microscopy (AFM). The peptide substrate-induced assembly of SA was facilely initiated on an electrode-liquid surface by modification of the electrode with SA. The in situ formation of (SA-biotin-GDEVDGK-biotin)n aggregates created an insulating layer, thus limiting the electron transfer of ferricyanide. Once the peptide substrate was cleaved into two shorter fragments (biotin-GDEVD and GK-biotin) by caspase-3, the resulting products would compete with biotin-GDEVDGK-biotin to bind SA proteins immobilized on the electrode surface and distributed in a solution, thus preventing the in situ formation of (SA-biotin-GDEVDGK-biotin)n assemblies. With the simple principle of the substrate-induced assembly of SA, a dual-signal amplification was achieved with improved sensitivity. Taking advantage of high sensitivity, simple principle, and easy operation, this method can be augmented to design various surface-tethered biosensors for practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Xia
- Henan Province of Key Laboratory of New Optoelectronic Functional Materials, Anyang Normal University, Anyang, Henan 455000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhifang Sun
- Henan Province of Key Laboratory of New Optoelectronic Functional Materials, Anyang Normal University, Anyang, Henan 455000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fangyuan Ding
- Henan Province of Key Laboratory of New Optoelectronic Functional Materials, Anyang Normal University, Anyang, Henan 455000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanan Wang
- Henan Province of Key Laboratory of New Optoelectronic Functional Materials, Anyang Normal University, Anyang, Henan 455000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenna Sun
- Henan Province of Key Laboratory of New Optoelectronic Functional Materials, Anyang Normal University, Anyang, Henan 455000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lin Liu
- Henan Province of Key Laboratory of New Optoelectronic Functional Materials, Anyang Normal University, Anyang, Henan 455000, People’s Republic of China
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31
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Liu L, Deng D, Wu D, Hou W, Wang L, Li N, Sun Z. Duplex-specific nuclease-based electrochemical biosensor for the detection of microRNAs by conversion of homogeneous assay into surface-tethered electrochemical analysis. Anal Chim Acta 2021; 1149:338199. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2021.338199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Revised: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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D'Aurizio F. The role of laboratory medicine in the diagnosis of the hyperthyroidism. THE QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE AND MOLECULAR IMAGING : OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE ITALIAN ASSOCIATION OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE (AIMN) [AND] THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF RADIOPHARMACOLOGY (IAR), [AND] SECTION OF THE SOCIETY OF RADIOPHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY AND BIOLOGY 2021; 65:91-101. [PMID: 33565846 DOI: 10.23736/s1824-4785.21.03344-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Hyperthyroidism is a clinical condition characterized by inappropriately high synthesis and secretion of thyroid hormones by the thyroid gland. It has multiple aetiologies, manifestations and potential therapies. Graves' disease is the most common form of hyperthyroidism, due to the production of autoantibodies against thyrotropin receptor, capable of over-stimulating thyroid function. A reliable diagnosis of hyperthyroidism can be established on clinical grounds, followed by the evaluation of serum thyroid function tests (thyrotropin first and then free thyroxine, adding the measurement of free triiodothyronine in selected specific situations). The recent guidelines of both the American and European Thyroid Associations have strongly recommended the measurement of thyrotropin receptor autoantibodies for the accurate diagnosis and management of Graves' disease. If autoantibody test is negative, a radioiodine uptake should be performed. Considering the most recent laboratory improvements, binding assays can be considered the best first solution for the measurement of thyrotropin receptor autoantibodies in diagnosis and management of overt cases of Graves' disease. In fact, they have a satisfactory clinical sensitivity and specificity (97.4% and 99.2%, respectively) being performed in clinical laboratories on automated platforms together with the other thyroid function tests. In this setting, the bioassays should be reserved for fine and complex diagnoses and for particular clinical conditions where it is essential to document the transition from stimulating to blocking activity or vice versa (e.g. pregnancy and post-partum, related thyroid eye disease, Hashimoto's thyroiditis with extrathyroidal manifestations, unusual cases after LT4 therapy for hypothyroidism or after antithyroid drug treatment for Graves' disease). Undoubtedly, technological advances will help improve laboratory diagnostics of hyperthyroidism. Nevertheless, despite future progress, the dialogue between clinicians and laboratory will continue to be crucial for an adequate knowledge and interpretation of the laboratory tests and, therefore, for an accurate diagnosis and correct management of the patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica D'Aurizio
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Clinical Pathology, Santa Maria della Misericordia University Hospital, Udine, Italy -
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33
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Weimann A, Plomgaard P, Hilsted LM, Poulsen HE, Larsen EL. Quantification of biotin in plasma samples by column switching liquid chromatography - tandem mass spectrometry. Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation 2021; 81:127-136. [PMID: 33461365 DOI: 10.1080/00365513.2020.1871504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Biotin (or Vitamin B7) is a vitamin where deficiency can be caused by inadequate intake. Biotin deficiency is rare, as most people get enough biotin from diet, since many foods contain biotin. In addition to biotin from food, intestinal bacteria can synthesize biotin, which can then be absorbed by the body. Supplementation with biotin has been advocated, mainly due to proposed beneficial effects on skin, nail and hair growth. There is no evidence that high biotin intakes are toxic, but a high intake may interfere with diagnostic assays that use biotin-streptavidin technology. These tests are commonly used to measure plasma concentrations of a wide range of hormones. Erroneous results may lead to misdiagnosis of various endocrine disorders. Supplementation with high-dose biotin has been used experimental for the treatment of diseases (e.g. multiple sclerosis) and high doses are used to obtain effect on nail and hair growth. On this background a demand for tests to determine if there is a risk of obtaining false test results when using biotin-streptavidin based tests have appeared. In this paper we present a method based on column switching liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry for the quantification of biotin in plasma and serum and explore the effects of biotin on an immunoassay based on biotin strept(avidin) chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allan Weimann
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Peter Plomgaard
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Linda M Hilsted
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Henrik E Poulsen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Emil L Larsen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Tozzoli R, Bizzaro N. The clinical and the laboratory autoimmunologist: Where do we stand? AUTO- IMMUNITY HIGHLIGHTS 2020; 11:10. [PMID: 32670534 PMCID: PMC7341566 DOI: 10.1186/s13317-020-00133-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Renato Tozzoli
- Laboratorio di Patologia Clinica, Ospedale San Antonio, Tolmezzo, Italy
- Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata di Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Nicola Bizzaro
- Dipartimento di Medicina di Laboratorio, Presidio Ospedaliero S. Maria degli Angeli, Pordenone, Italy
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35
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Wang S, Hossain MZ, Han T, Shinozuka K, Suzuki T, Kuwana A, Kobayashi H. Avidin-Biotin Technology in Gold Nanoparticle-Decorated Graphene Field Effect Transistors for Detection of Biotinylated Macromolecules with Ultrahigh Sensitivity and Specificity. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:30037-30046. [PMID: 33251439 PMCID: PMC7689884 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c04429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The strong and specific noncovalent interaction between avidin and biotin is widely exploited in different types of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits, labeled immunosensors, and polymer-based sensing devices for the detection of different biomarkers specific to different diseases such as cancer and influenza. Here, we employed the avidin-biotin technology in a novel gold nanoparticle-decorated graphene field-effect transistor (AuNP-GFET) and demonstrated the specific detection of the biotinylated macromolecules such as biotinylated proteins and nucleotides in the sub-picomolar (pM) range. The AuNP-GFET was constructed by fabricating six pairs of interdigital electrodes on graphene transferred on a SiO2/Si substrate. The sensing performance of AuNP-GFET was characterized by the real-time two-terminal electrical current measurement upon injection of the analyte solution into a silicone pool preattached onto the electrodes. Avidin, a tetrameric biotin-binding protein with strong affinity and specificity, immobilized on AuNP-decorated single-layer graphene, was used as the sensing platform and transduced the electrical signal upon binding to the analyte macromolecules. The sensing capability of the AuNP-GFET was tested with the biotinylated protein A. Sensitivity of the present biosensor was estimated to be ∼0.4 pM. The specificity and applicability of the biosensor were confirmed using both synthetic and real samples. Because the biotin label can retain its binding capability to avidin with strong affinity and specificity even after conjugating with varieties of proteins and nucleotides, the present AuNP-GFET biosensor is expected to promote the research in developing different biosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyu Wang
- Division
of Electronics and Informatics, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Gunma University 1-5-1 Tenjin-cho, Kiryu 376-8515, Japan
| | - Md. Zakir Hossain
- Gunma
University Initiative for Advanced Research (GIAR), Gunma University, Kiryu 376-8515, Japan
| | - Tao Han
- Department
of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital
of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Kazuo Shinozuka
- Division
of Molecular Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Gunma University, Kiryu 376-8515, Japan
| | - Takaaki Suzuki
- Division
of Mechanical Science and Technology, Gunma
University, Kiryu 376-8515, Japan
| | - Anna Kuwana
- Division
of Electronics and Informatics, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Gunma University 1-5-1 Tenjin-cho, Kiryu 376-8515, Japan
| | - Haruo Kobayashi
- Division
of Electronics and Informatics, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Gunma University 1-5-1 Tenjin-cho, Kiryu 376-8515, Japan
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36
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Extracellular vesicles on demand (EVOD) chip for screening and quantification of cancer-associated extracellular vesicles. Biosens Bioelectron 2020; 168:112535. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2020.112535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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The Use of Vitamins, Supplements, Herbs, and Essential Oils in Rehabilitation. Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am 2020; 31:685-697. [PMID: 32981586 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmr.2020.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The term, dietary supplement, refers to a broad category of products, including herbal or plant-based extracts, micronutrients, and food-based nutraceuticals. The use of supplements in clinical rehabilitation requires clear communication from patients and health care providers to understand the types of products used and their effects on health. Providers should distinguish between using micronutrient supplementation for therapeutic purposes and treatment of nutritional deficiency in patients with malnutrition syndromes. Evidence supports micronutrient and nutraceutical supplementation use to improve pain, functional status, and inflammation. There is little evidence on the use of herbal or plant-based extracts in therapeutic rehabilitation; larger studies are warranted.
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Xin M, Wang H, Huo Y, Wang L, Ma L, Yan M, Wang C, Wei G. Construction of a Drug Delivery System and Photodynamic Therapy Reagent Based on the Biotin-HSA-DDA-TCPP Molecules and the Application of Synergistic Antitumor Effect. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2020; 3:6237-6250. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c00756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Meixiu Xin
- Department of Pharmacy Science, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Pharmacy Science, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, China
| | - Yehong Huo
- Department of Pharmacy Science, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Pharmacy Science, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, China
| | - Liying Ma
- Department of Pharmacy Science, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, China
| | - Miaomiao Yan
- Department of Pharmacy Science, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, China
| | - Chunhua Wang
- Department of Pharmacy Science, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, China
| | - Guangcheng Wei
- Department of Pharmacy Science, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, China
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39
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Yéléhé-Okouma M, Malaplate C, Petitpain N, Metallo M, Ziegler F, Klein M, Guerci B, Feigerlová E. Immunoglobulin Preparations Can Mislead Clinical Decision-Making in Follow-Up of Differentiated Thyroid Cancer. Endocr Pract 2020; 26:1031-1038. [PMID: 33471692 DOI: 10.4158/ep-2020-0053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Intravenous and subcutaneous immunoglobulins are commonly used for immune substitution or as immune modulators in a variety of inflammatory and autoimmune disorders. Exogenous thyroid-specific thyroglobulin (Tg) antibodies present in the donor plasma may interfere with the interpretation of measurements of Tg autoantibodies (Tg-Abs) in the recipient's plasma and potentially trigger an immune response in the recipient's immune cells. Levels of antibodies causing bioassay interferences or those leading to clinically relevant changes in patient outcomes are not known. Tg is used as a biomarker in the long-term surveillance of patients with differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) following total thyroidectomy and radioactive iodine ablation. However, the presence of Tg-Abs in the circulation interferes with Tg measurements. Assessment of levels of Tg-Abs is thus recommended as a part of standard follow-up of DTC together with Tg testing. METHODS To understand the potential mechanisms and pathophysiologic significance of possible interferences associated with administration immunoglobulin preparations and Tg measurement, we overview the current knowledge on interactions between Tg autoimmunity and immunoglobulin preparations and illustrate diagnostic challenges and perspectives for follow-up of patients with DTC treated with exogenous immunoglobulins. RESULTS In patients with DTC treated with immunoglobulin preparations, monitoring of thyroid cancer using Tg and Tg-Abs is challenging due to possible analytical interferences through passive transfer of exogenous antibodies from immunoglobulin preparations. CONCLUSION Analytical interferences must be suspected when a discrepancy exists between clinical examination and diagnostic tests. Collaboration between endocrinologists, biologists, and pharmacologists is fundamental to avoid misdiagnosis and unnecessary medical or radiologic procedures. ABBREVIATIONS CT = computed tomography; DTC = differentiated thyroid cancer; FNAB = fine-needle aspiration biopsy; HAb = heterophile antibody; IMA = immunometric assay; IVIg = intravenous immunoglobulin; RAI = radioactive iodine; RIA = radioimmunoassay; SCIg = subcutaneous immunoglobulin; Tg = thyroglobulin; Tg-Ab = thyroglobulin autoantibody; Tg-MS = thyroglobulin mass spectrometry; TPO-Ab = thyroid peroxidase autoantibody; TSHR-Ab = thyrotropin receptor autoantibody.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélissa Yéléhé-Okouma
- From the CHRU-Nancy, Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology - Centre Régional de Pharmacovigilance de Lorraine, Nancy, France
| | - Catherine Malaplate
- Université de Lorraine, CHRU-Nancy, Department of Biochemistry, Nancy, France
| | - Nadine Petitpain
- From the CHRU-Nancy, Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology - Centre Régional de Pharmacovigilance de Lorraine, Nancy, France
| | - Mélanie Metallo
- Université de Lorraine, CHRU-Nancy, Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Nutrition, Nancy, France
| | - François Ziegler
- Department of Neurology, Site de Vesoul, Groupe Hospitalier de la Haute Saône, Vesoul, France
| | - Marc Klein
- Université de Lorraine, CHRU-Nancy, Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Nutrition, Nancy, France
| | - Bruno Guerci
- Université de Lorraine, CHRU-Nancy, Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Nutrition, Nancy, France
| | - Eva Feigerlová
- Université de Lorraine, CHRU-Nancy, Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Nutrition, Nancy, France; Université de Lorraine, Inserm UMR_S 1116 - DCAC, Nancy, France..
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40
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Hamilton RG, Hemmer W, Nopp A, Kleine-Tebbe J. Advances in IgE Testing for Diagnosis of Allergic Disease. THE JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY-IN PRACTICE 2020; 8:2495-2504. [PMID: 32717438 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2020.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Since its discovery in 1967, IgE antibody detection in skin and blood has identified a state of allergic sensitization and served as a necessary but not sufficient risk factor that requires objective symptoms to make the definitive diagnosis of human allergic disease. More recently, quantitative IgE antibody levels in serum against allergenic extracts, molecules, and epitopes have pushed its application into more accurately identifying the specificity of the allergic response for targeting immunotherapy, predicting allergic symptom severity after allergen exposure, and attempting to distinguish tolerance from food allergy. This review examines new in vivo and in vitro developments in the design, performance, interference, and application of the methods used to identify allergic sensitization. The increasing accepted applications of molecular allergen and allergen epitope-based IgE antibody measurements, especially as applied to food allergy diagnosis and management, are highlighted as state-of-the-art advances. Despite these major advances in allergic sensitization documentation, their ultimate value requires integration by the clinician with the patient's history and pretest probability of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert G Hamilton
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Md.
| | | | - Anna Nopp
- Department of Clinical Science and Education, Karolinska Institutet, Sachs' Children and Youth Hospital, Södersjukhuset, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jörg Kleine-Tebbe
- Allergy & Asthma Center Westend, Outpatient Clinic Hanf, Ackermann & Kleine-Tebbe, Berlin, Germany
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Wang S, Hossain MZ, Shinozuka K, Shimizu N, Kitada S, Suzuki T, Ichige R, Kuwana A, Kobayashi H. Graphene field-effect transistor biosensor for detection of biotin with ultrahigh sensitivity and specificity. Biosens Bioelectron 2020; 165:112363. [PMID: 32729495 PMCID: PMC7272179 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2020.112363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Because avidin and biotin molecules exhibit the most specific and strongest non-covalent interaction, avidin-biotin technology is widely used in ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) kits for the detection of different bio-macromolecules linked to different diseases including cancer and influenza. Combining the outstanding electrical conductivity (200,000 cm2V-1s-1) of graphene with the unique avidin and biotin interaction, we demonstrate a novel graphene field-effect transistor (GFET) biosensor for the quantitative detection of bio-macromolecules. The GFET consists of six pairs of interdigital Cr/Au electrodes supported on Si/SiO2 substrate with an avidin immobilized single layer graphene channel as the sensing platform. By monitoring the real time current change upon the addition of biotin solution in bovine serum albumin (BSA) in the silicone pool preformed onto the GFET, the lowest detectable biotin concentration is estimated to be 90 fg/ml (0.37 pM). The specificity of the GFET is confirmed both by controlled and real sample measurements. From the magnitude of current change upon the addition of different concentrations of biotin solutions, the dissociation constant Kd is estimated to be 1.6 × 10-11 M. Since biotin is capable of conjugating with proteins, nucleotides and other bio-macromolecules without altering their properties, the present GFET sensor with its ultra-high sensitivity (0.37 pM) and specificity can be tailored to the rapid point-of-care detection of different types of desired biomolecules at very low concentration level through biotinylation as well as the exogenous biotin in blood serum. Combining the outstanding electrical conductivity of graphene with the unique interaction between avidin and biotin, a novel graphene field-effect transistor (GFET) biosensor for quantitative detection of bio-macromolecules is demonstrated. The present biosensor is capable of detecting the biotin with the sensitivity of 90 fg/ml (~0.37 pM) and high specificity. Since the biotin is capable of conjugating with protein, nucleotide and other bio-macromolecules without affecting their properties, the present GFET sensor can be tailored to various medical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyu Wang
- Division of Electronics and Informatics, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Gunma University 1-5-1 Tenjin-cho, Kiryu, 376-8515, Japan.
| | - Md Zakir Hossain
- Gunma University Initiative for Advanced Research (GIAR), Gunma University, Japan.
| | - Kazuo Shinozuka
- Division of Molecular Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Gunma University, Japan
| | - Natsuhiko Shimizu
- Gunma University Initiative for Advanced Research (GIAR), Gunma University, Japan
| | - Shunya Kitada
- Gunma University Initiative for Advanced Research (GIAR), Gunma University, Japan
| | - Takaaki Suzuki
- Division of Mechanical Science and Technology, Gunma University, Kiryu, 376-8515, Japan
| | - Ryo Ichige
- Division of Mechanical Science and Technology, Gunma University, Kiryu, 376-8515, Japan
| | - Anna Kuwana
- Division of Electronics and Informatics, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Gunma University 1-5-1 Tenjin-cho, Kiryu, 376-8515, Japan
| | - Haruo Kobayashi
- Division of Electronics and Informatics, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Gunma University 1-5-1 Tenjin-cho, Kiryu, 376-8515, Japan.
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42
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Canda E, Kalkan Uçar S, Çoker M. Biotinidase Deficiency: Prevalence, Impact And Management Strategies. PEDIATRIC HEALTH MEDICINE AND THERAPEUTICS 2020; 11:127-133. [PMID: 32440248 PMCID: PMC7211084 DOI: 10.2147/phmt.s198656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Biotinidase deficiency is an autosomal recessive inherited neurocutaneous disorder. Clinically untreated patients with BD can present with variable neurological and dermatological signs, such as seizures, hypotonia, feeding problems, developmental delay, hearing loss, optic atrophy ataxia, alopecia, and skin rash. Clinical findings of patients with partial BD reported in the literature show that it can occur from infancy to adulthood. Outcomes of newborn screening programs support the fact that biotin treatment started after birth prevents patients with biotinidase deficiency from developing symptoms. Presence of late-onset cases with different clinical findings indicates that there is still much to learn about BD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebru Canda
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Sema Kalkan Uçar
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Mahmut Çoker
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
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43
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Preventing Lethal Prostate Cancer with Diet, Supplements, and Rx: Heart Healthy Continues to Be Prostate Healthy and "First Do No Harm" Part II. Curr Urol Rep 2020; 21:15. [PMID: 32185555 DOI: 10.1007/s11934-020-0967-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To discuss the overall and latest observations of the effect of diet, lifestyle, supplements, and some prescription heart healthy medications for prostate cancer prevention. RECENT FINDINGS The concept of maximizing heart health to prevent aggressive prostate cancer continues to be solidified with the addition of more prospective observational and randomized controlled trial data. Heart healthy is prostate healthy, and heart unhealthy is prostate unhealthy. The primary goal of reducing the risk of all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) morbidity and mortality also coincides with maximizing prostate cancer prevention. The obesity epidemic in children and adults along with recent diverse research has only strengthened the nexus between heart and prostate health. Greater dietary adherence toward a variety of healthy foods is associated with a graded improved probability of CVD and potentially aggressive cancer risk reduction. Preventing prostate cancer via dietary supplements should encourage a "first do no harm," or less is more approach until future evidence can reverse the concerning trend that more supplementation has resulted in either no impact or an increased risk of prostate cancer. Supplements to reduce side effects of some cancer treatments appear to have more encouraging data. A discussion of quality (QC) before utilizing any pill also requires attention. Medications or interventions that potentially improve heart health including statins, aspirin, and metformin (S.A.M.), specific beta-blocker medications, and even preventive vaccines are in general generic, low-cost, "natural," and should continue to garner research interest. A watershed moment in medical education has arrived where the past perception of a diverse number of trees seemingly separated by vast distances, in reality, now appear to exist within the same forest.
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Zhang C, Zhong Y, He Q, Shen D, Ye M, Lu M, Cui X, Zhao S. Positively Charged Nanogold Combined with Expanded Mesoporous Silica-Based Immunoassay for the Detection of Avermectin. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-020-01732-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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45
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Chen L, Mou S, Li F, Zeng Y, Sun Y, Horch RE, Wei W, Wang Z, Sun J. Self-Assembled Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicle-Functionalized Biotin-Doped Polypyrrole Titanium with Long-Term Stability and Potential Osteoinductive Ability. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:46183-46196. [PMID: 31718127 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b17015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles (MSC-EVs), containing proteins or microRNAs (miRNAs), possessing various biological activity and low immunogenicity, are considered promising for surface modification of bone grafts. However, the modification efficiency is not satisfied yet, resulting in compromised therapy effects. Here, we report a novel immobilized method by self-assembling biotinylated MSC-EVs onto the surface of biotin-doped polypyrrole titanium (Bio-Ppy-Ti) to improve its biofunctions in vitro and in vivo. Using this method, the amount of human adipose-derived stem cell-EVs (hASC-EVs) anchored onto the Bio-Ppy-Ti surface was 185-fold higher than that of pure Ti after ultrasonic concussion for 30 s and it remained stable on the Bio-Ppy-Ti surface for 14 days at 4 °C. Compared to pristine Ti, EV-Bio-Ppy-Ti exhibited enhanced cell compatibility and osteoinductivity for osteoblasts in vitro and anti-apoptosis ability in the ectopic bone formation mode. Gene chip analysis further demonstrated that several osteoinductive miRNAs were encapsulated in hASC-EVs, which may explain the high bone regeneration ability of EV-Bio-Ppy-Ti. Thus, this MSC-EV biotin-immobilized method appears to be highly efficient and long-term stable for bone graft bioactive modification, demonstrating its potential for clinical metal implants.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Fangying Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials & Application, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Intelligent Textile Materials & Application , Wuhan Textile University , Wuhan 430200 , China
| | | | | | - Raymund E Horch
- Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery and Laboratory for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University Hospital Erlangen , Friedrich Alexander University of Erlangen-Nuenberg, FAU , Schlossplatz 4 , Erlangen 91054 , Bavaria , Germany
| | - Wei Wei
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials & Application, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Intelligent Textile Materials & Application , Wuhan Textile University , Wuhan 430200 , China
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46
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Abstract
Biotin is a component of the B-complex vitamins that has been widely used in over-the-counter supplements. The effects of biotin on thyroid function tests (TFTs) have been recently reported by multiple authors. We report here a case of a patient who presented with TFTs consistent with hyperthyroidism and a positive radioactive iodine uptake (RAIU) scan while taking biotin supplements. The TFTs normalized almost a month later and continued to be normal even after resumption of biotin supplements. Interpreting TFTs while patients are taking biotin could pose a diagnostic challenge, so we suggest more frequent monitoring for those patients before starting them on long-term anti-thyroid medications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zara Latif
- Internal Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, USA
| | - Marc J Crupie
- Family Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center, Memphis, USA
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