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Magwaza B, Amobonye A, Pillai S. Microbial β-glucosidases: Recent advances and applications. Biochimie 2024; 225:49-67. [PMID: 38734124 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2024.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
The global β-glucosidase market is currently estimated at ∼400 million USD, and it is expected to double in the next six years; a trend that is mainly ascribed to the demand for the enzyme for biofuel processing. Microbial β-glucosidase, particularly, has thus garnered significant attention due to its ease of production, catalytic efficiency, and versatility, which have all facilitated its biotechnological potential across different industries. Hence, there are continued efforts to screen, produce, purify, characterize and evaluate the industrial applicability of β-glucosidase from actinomycetes, bacteria, fungi, and yeasts. With this rising demand for β-glucosidase, various cost-effective and efficient approaches are being explored to discover, redesign, and enhance their production and functional properties. Thus, this present review provides an up-to-date overview of advancements in the utilization of microbial β-glucosidases as "Emerging Green Tools" in 21st-century industries. In this regard, focus was placed on the use of recombinant technology, protein engineering, and immobilization techniques targeted at improving the industrial applicability of the enzyme. Furthermore, insights were given into the recent progress made in conventional β-glucosidase production, their industrial applications, as well as the current commercial status-with a focus on the patents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Buka Magwaza
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Durban University of Technology, P. O. Box 1334, Durban, 4000, South Africa.
| | - Ayodeji Amobonye
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Durban University of Technology, P. O. Box 1334, Durban, 4000, South Africa.
| | - Santhosh Pillai
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Durban University of Technology, P. O. Box 1334, Durban, 4000, South Africa.
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Procópio DP, Lee JW, Shin J, Tramontina R, Ávila PF, Brenelli LB, Squina FM, Damasio A, Rabelo SC, Goldbeck R, Franco TT, Leak D, Jin YS, Basso TO. Metabolic engineering of Saccharomyces cerevisiae for second-generation ethanol production from xylo-oligosaccharides and acetate. Sci Rep 2023; 13:19182. [PMID: 37932303 PMCID: PMC10628280 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-46293-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Simultaneous intracellular depolymerization of xylo-oligosaccharides (XOS) and acetate fermentation by engineered Saccharomyces cerevisiae offers significant potential for more cost-effective second-generation (2G) ethanol production. In the present work, the previously engineered S. cerevisiae strain, SR8A6S3, expressing enzymes for xylose assimilation along with an optimized route for acetate reduction, was used as the host for expressing two β-xylosidases, GH43-2 and GH43-7, and a xylodextrin transporter, CDT-2, from Neurospora crassa, yielding the engineered SR8A6S3-CDT-2-GH34-2/7 strain. Both β-xylosidases and the transporter were introduced by replacing two endogenous genes, GRE3 and SOR1, that encode aldose reductase and sorbitol (xylitol) dehydrogenase, respectively, and catalyse steps in xylitol production. The engineered strain, SR8A6S3-CDT-2-GH34-2/7 (sor1Δ gre3Δ), produced ethanol through simultaneous XOS, xylose, and acetate co-utilization. The mutant strain produced 60% more ethanol and 12% less xylitol than the control strain when a hemicellulosic hydrolysate was used as a mono- and oligosaccharide source. Similarly, the ethanol yield was 84% higher for the engineered strain using hydrolysed xylan, compared with the parental strain. Xylan, a common polysaccharide in lignocellulosic residues, enables recombinant strains to outcompete contaminants in fermentation tanks, as XOS transport and breakdown occur intracellularly. Furthermore, acetic acid is a ubiquitous toxic component in lignocellulosic hydrolysates, deriving from hemicellulose and lignin breakdown. Therefore, the consumption of XOS, xylose, and acetate expands the capabilities of S. cerevisiae for utilization of all of the carbohydrate in lignocellulose, potentially increasing the efficiency of 2G biofuel production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dielle Pierotti Procópio
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Escola Politécnica, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, 05508-010, Brazil
- Departamento de Química Fundamental, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo), São Paulo, SP, 05508-900, Brazil
| | - Jae Won Lee
- DOE Center for Advanced Bioenergy and Bioproducts Innovation (CABER), University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (UIUC), Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Jonghyeok Shin
- DOE Center for Advanced Bioenergy and Bioproducts Innovation (CABER), University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (UIUC), Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
- Synthetic Biology & Bioengineering Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Robson Tramontina
- Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, 13083-862, Brazil
- Environment and Technological Processes Program, University of Sorocaba (UNISO), Sorocaba, SP, 18023-000, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Felix Ávila
- School of Food Engineering, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, 13083-862, Brazil
| | - Lívia Beatriz Brenelli
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Energy Planning, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, 13083-896, Brazil
| | - Fabio Márcio Squina
- Environment and Technological Processes Program, University of Sorocaba (UNISO), Sorocaba, SP, 18023-000, Brazil
| | - André Damasio
- Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, 13083-862, Brazil
| | - Sarita Cândida Rabelo
- Departament of Bioprocesses and Biotechnology, School of Agriculture, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, SP, 18618-687, Brazil
| | - Rosana Goldbeck
- School of Food Engineering, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, 13083-862, Brazil
| | - Telma Teixeira Franco
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Energy Planning, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, 13083-896, Brazil
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, 13083-852, Brazil
| | - David Leak
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK
| | - Yong-Su Jin
- DOE Center for Advanced Bioenergy and Bioproducts Innovation (CABER), University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (UIUC), Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Thiago Olitta Basso
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Escola Politécnica, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, 05508-010, Brazil.
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Lee A, Jin H, Cha J. Engineering of Sulfolobus acidocaldarius for Hemicellulosic Biomass Utilization. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 32:663-671. [PMID: 35283427 PMCID: PMC9628888 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2202.02016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The saccharification of cellulose and hemicellulose is essential for utilizing lignocellulosic biomass as a biofuel. While cellulose is composed of glucose only, hemicelluloses are composed of diverse sugars such as xylose, arabinose, glucose, and galactose. Sulfolobus acidocaldarius is a good potential candidate for biofuel production using hemicellulose as this archaeon simultaneously utilizes various sugars. However, S. acidocaldarius has to be manipulated because the enzyme that breaks down hemicellulose is not present in this species. Here, we engineered S. acidocaldarius to utilize xylan as a carbon source by introducing xylanase and β-xylosidase. Heterologous expression of β-xylosidase enhanced the organism's degradability and utilization of xylooligosaccharides (XOS), but the mutant still failed to grow when xylan was provided as a carbon source. S. acidocaldarius exhibited the ability to degrade xylan into XOS when xylanase was introduced, but no further degradation proceeded after this sole reaction. Following cell growth and enzyme reaction, S. acidocaldarius successfully utilized xylan in the synergy between xylanase and β-xylosidase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Areum Lee
- Department of Integrated Biological Science, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeju Jin
- Department of Integrated Biological Science, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaeho Cha
- Department of Microbiology, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea,Microbiological Resource Research Institute, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea,Corresponding author Phone: +82-51-510-2196 Fax: +82-51-514-1778 E-mail:
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Procópio DP, Kendrick E, Goldbeck R, Damasio ARDL, Franco TT, Leak DJ, Jin YS, Basso TO. Xylo-Oligosaccharide Utilization by Engineered Saccharomyces cerevisiae to Produce Ethanol. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:825981. [PMID: 35242749 PMCID: PMC8886126 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.825981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The engineering of xylo-oligosaccharide-consuming Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains is a promising approach for more effective utilization of lignocellulosic biomass and the development of economic industrial fermentation processes. Extending the sugar consumption range without catabolite repression by including the metabolism of oligomers instead of only monomers would significantly improve second-generation ethanol production This review focuses on different aspects of the action mechanisms of xylan-degrading enzymes from bacteria and fungi, and their insertion in S. cerevisiae strains to obtain microbial cell factories able of consume these complex sugars and convert them to ethanol. Emphasis is given to different strategies for ethanol production from both extracellular and intracellular xylo-oligosaccharide utilization by S. cerevisiae strains. The suitability of S. cerevisiae for ethanol production combined with its genetic tractability indicates that it can play an important role in xylan bioconversion through the heterologous expression of xylanases from other microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dielle Pierotti Procópio
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Escola Politécnica, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Emanuele Kendrick
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom
| | - Rosana Goldbeck
- School of Food Engineering, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | | | - Telma Teixeira Franco
- Interdisciplinary Center of Energy Planning, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - David J. Leak
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom
| | - Yong-Su Jin
- DOE Center for Advanced Bioenergy and Bioproducts Innovation, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Thiago Olitta Basso
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Escola Politécnica, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Castañeda-Cisneros YE, Mercado-Flores Y, Anducho-Reyes MA, Álvarez-Cervantes J, Ponce-Lira B, Evangelista-Martínez Z, Téllez-Jurado A. Isolation and Selection of Streptomyces Species from Semi-arid Agricultural Soils and Their Potential as Producers of Xylanases and Cellulases. Curr Microbiol 2020; 77:3460-3472. [PMID: 32797266 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-020-02160-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The Mezquital Valley (MV), Mexico, is a semi-arid region whose main economic activity is agriculture, this zone is characterized by the use of wastewater for crop irrigation. This condition has increased the amount nutrients in soils, organic carbon content and native microorganisms. The Streptomyces species are a group of saprophytic bacteria that represent between 20 and 60% of the total microbial population in soils, capable of producing metabolites of commercial importance. In this work, Streptomyces species were isolated from agricultural soils of the MV and was evaluated the production of endoglucanases (CMCase) and xylanases (Xyl) in Solid-State Cultivation (SSC). From soil samples, 73 possible strains of Streptomyces species were isolated for their ability to produce CMCase and Xyl in SSC. The study also included its characterization by morphological characteristics. Of the isolated microorganisms, 38 strains were selected as strong enzyme producers according to the measurement of the halo generated in plate and by growth on barley straw as only carbon source. Two different sizes of barley straw particle were tested, finding that the greatest enzymatic activity was observed in particle size 12. Three strains of Streptomyces species were chosen which presented the best catalytic capacities, a maximum of 100.69 AU Xyl/gram dry matter (gdm), 82 AU Xyl/gdm and 26.02 AU CMCase/gdm for strains 30, 28 and 12, respectively. The strains were identified by ribosomal gen16s sequence and identified as S. flavogriseus, S. virginiae and S. griseoaurantiacus. It is the first report of endogluconase and xylanolytic activity by S. virginiae isolated from a semi-arid soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y E Castañeda-Cisneros
- AgroBiotechnology Laboratory, Polytechnic University of Pachuca, Carr. Pachuca-Cd. Sahagún, km 20, Ex-Hacienda de Santa Bárbara, C.P. 43830, Zempoala, Hidalgo, Mexico
| | - Y Mercado-Flores
- AgroBiotechnology Laboratory, Polytechnic University of Pachuca, Carr. Pachuca-Cd. Sahagún, km 20, Ex-Hacienda de Santa Bárbara, C.P. 43830, Zempoala, Hidalgo, Mexico
| | - M A Anducho-Reyes
- AgroBiotechnology Laboratory, Polytechnic University of Pachuca, Carr. Pachuca-Cd. Sahagún, km 20, Ex-Hacienda de Santa Bárbara, C.P. 43830, Zempoala, Hidalgo, Mexico
| | - J Álvarez-Cervantes
- AgroBiotechnology Laboratory, Polytechnic University of Pachuca, Carr. Pachuca-Cd. Sahagún, km 20, Ex-Hacienda de Santa Bárbara, C.P. 43830, Zempoala, Hidalgo, Mexico
| | - B Ponce-Lira
- Department of Agrobiotechnology Engineering, Polytechnic University of Francisco I. Madero, Carretera Tepatepec-San Juan Tepa, C.P.42660, Francisco I. Madero, Hidalgo, Mexico
| | - Z Evangelista-Martínez
- Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco. AC, Parque Científico Tecnológico de Yucatán, Sierra Papacal-Chuburná Puerto, C.P.97302, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico
| | - A Téllez-Jurado
- AgroBiotechnology Laboratory, Polytechnic University of Pachuca, Carr. Pachuca-Cd. Sahagún, km 20, Ex-Hacienda de Santa Bárbara, C.P. 43830, Zempoala, Hidalgo, Mexico.
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Xiao W, Li H, Xia W, Yang Y, Hu P, Zhou S, Hu Y, Liu X, Dai Y, Jiang Z. Co-expression of cellulase and xylanase genes in Sacchromyces cerevisiae toward enhanced bioethanol production from corn stover. Bioengineered 2020; 10:513-521. [PMID: 31661645 PMCID: PMC6844370 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2019.1682213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Lignocellulose is considered as a good resource for producing renewable energy. Previous in vitro studies have shown the synergistic action between cellulase and xylanase during lignocellulose biohydrolysis. In order to achieve the same effect in S. cerevisiae to enhance the practical biotransformation, two recombinant Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains (INVSc1-CBH-CA and INVSc1-CBH-TS) with co-expressed cellulase and xylanase were constructed. The cellulase and xylanase activities in INVSc1-CBH-CA and INVSc1-CBH-TS were 716.43 U/mL and 205.13 U/mL, 931.27 U/mL and 413.70 U/mL, respectively. The recombinant S. cerevisiae can use the partly delignified corn stover (PDCS) more efficiently and more ethanol producted than S. cerevisiae only expressing cellulase. Fermentation with INVSc1-CBH-CA and INVSc1-CBH-TS using PDCS ethanol yields increased by 1.7 and 2.1 folds higher than INVSc1-CBH, 2.8 and 3.4 folds higher than the wild type S. cerevisiae. The strategy of co-expression cellulase and xylanase in saccharomyces cerevisiae is effective and can be a foundation to research the mechanism of synergy effect of cellulose and xylanase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, PR China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, School of Life Science, Hubei University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Huanan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, PR China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, School of Life Science, Hubei University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Wucheng Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Yuxian Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Pan Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Shanna Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Yanmei Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Xiaopeng Liu
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Hubei University for Nationalities, Ensi, P. R. China
| | - Yujun Dai
- Hubei Province Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hubei Engineering University, Xiaogan, P. R. China
| | - Zhengbing Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, PR China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, School of Life Science, Hubei University, Wuhan, PR China
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Vivek N, Nair LM, Mohan B, Nair SC, Sindhu R, Pandey A, Shurpali N, Binod P. Bio-butanol production from rice straw – Recent trends, possibilities, and challenges. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biteb.2019.100224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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