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Kuca K, Valle da Silva JA, Nepovimova E, Pham NL, Wu W, Valis M, Wu Q, França TCC. Pralidoxime-like reactivator with increased lipophilicity - Molecular modeling and in vitro study. Chem Biol Interact 2023; 385:110734. [PMID: 37788753 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Acetylcholinesterase (AChE, EC 3.1.1.7) reactivators (2-PAM, trimedoxime, obidoxime, asoxime) have become an integral part of antidotal treatment in cases of nerve agent and organophosphorus (OP) pesticide poisonings. They are often referred to as specific antidotes due to their ability to restore AChE function when it has been covalently inhibited by an OP compound. Currently available commercial reactivators exhibit limited ability to penetrate the blood-brain barrier, where reactivation of inhibited AChE is crucial. Consequently, there have been numerous efforts to discover more brain-penetrating AChE reactivators. In this study, we examined a derivative of 2-PAM designed to possess increased lipophilicity. This enhanced lipophilicity was achieved through the incorporation of a benzyl group into its molecular structure. Initially, a molecular modeling study was conducted, followed by a comparison of its reactivation efficacy with that of 2-PAM against 10 different AChE inhibitors in vitro. Unfortunately, this relatively significant structural modification of 2-PAM resulted in a decrease in its reactivation potency. Consequently, this derivative cannot be considered as a broad-spectrum AChE reactivator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamil Kuca
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
| | - Jorge Alberto Valle da Silva
- Laboratory of Molecular Modeling Applied to the Chemical and Biological Defense (LMCBD), Military Institute of Engineering, Rio de Janeiro/RJ, Brazil
| | - Eugenie Nepovimova
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Ngoc Lam Pham
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Wenda Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; School of Food and Biological Engineering, Engineering Research Center of Bio-process, Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Martin Valis
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, 500 05, Czech Republic
| | - Qinghua Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; College of Life Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Tanos Celmar Costa França
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
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Chefirat B, Zergui A, Benzerga S, Rezk-Kallah H. The role of oximes in the management of acute poisoning with cholinesterase inhibitors pesticides: Case reports. TOXICOLOGIE ANALYTIQUE ET CLINIQUE 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxac.2020.09.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Pesticide Poisoning and the Use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) in Indonesian Farmers. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 2020:5379619. [PMID: 32405302 PMCID: PMC7201457 DOI: 10.1155/2020/5379619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 12/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the poisoning symptoms occurring in pesticide-exposed farmers. This study was conducted in a red onion farming center area in Wanasari Subdistrict, Brebes, Indonesia, from May to June 2018. This study was designed as the descriptive study. The significance value of p < 0.005 showed that the variable was correlated with the health problems, including excessive fatigue (p value = 0.041), excessive saliva (p value = 0.006), hard breathing (p value = 0.021), frequent urination (p value = 0.047), blurred vision (p value = 0.059), dizziness (p value = 0.032), and finger pain (p value = 0.007). The significance value (p < 0.005) of 0.000 showed that the use of personal protective equipment was correlated with the health problems. Based on the odds ratio value of 1.137, 95% confidence interval = 0.042-0.444 meant that the personal protective equipment was a risk factor of health problems. The results showed that 89.2% of the farmers who used the personal protective equipment were categorized in the healthy group.
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Iqbal A, Malik S, Nurulain SM, Musilek K, Kuca K, Kalasz H, Fatmi MQ. Reactivation potency of two novel oximes (K456 and K733) against paraoxon-inhibited acetyl and butyrylcholinesterase: In silico and in vitro models. Chem Biol Interact 2019; 310:108735. [PMID: 31276662 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2019.108735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Revised: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Organophosphates (OPs) irreversibly inhibit acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) enzymes. The reactivation of these inhibited enzymes is paramount for their normal function. Present study evaluates reactivation potency of two newly developed oximes, K456 and K733, against paraoxon (POX)-inhibited human-RBC-AChE and human-plasma-BChE in comparison to reported reactivator, pralidoxime (2-PAM). In vitro studies showed higher intrinsic toxicities of both oximes than 2-PAM for AChE. No substantial reactivation of hBChE was noted by tested concentration. Contrary to 2-PAM, the in silico study predicted lower binding free energies for both oximes. However, the detailed interaction study revealed inability of oximes to interact with catalytic anionic site of AChE and hBChE in contrast to 2-PAM. Both in vitro and in silico studies conclude that K456 and K733 are unlikely to be used as reactivators of paraoxon-inhibited AChE or BChE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amna Iqbal
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Park Road, Chak Shahzad, Islamabad, 45600, Pakistan
| | - Shahrukh Malik
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Park Road, Chak Shahzad, Islamabad, 45600, Pakistan
| | - Syed M Nurulain
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Park Road, Chak Shahzad, Islamabad, 45600, Pakistan
| | - Kamil Musilek
- University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Biomedical Research Center, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; University of Hradec Kralove, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Kamil Kuca
- University of Hradec Kralove, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | | | - M Qaiser Fatmi
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Park Road, Chak Shahzad, Islamabad, 45600, Pakistan.
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