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Wu J, Zhang L, Wang X. Host Sex Steroids Interact With Virus Infection: New Insights Into Sex Disparity in Infectious Diseases. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:747347. [PMID: 34803967 PMCID: PMC8600311 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.747347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Sex hormones are steroid hormones synthesized from the gonads of animals and tissues such as the placenta and adrenocortical reticular zone. The physiological functions of sex hormones are complex. Sex hormones are not only pathologically correlated with many diseases of the reproductive system, but are etiological factors in some viral infectious diseases, including disease caused by infections of coronaviruses, herpesviruses, hepatitis viruses, and other kinds of human viruses, which either exhibit a male propensity in clinical practice, or crosstalk with androgen receptor (AR)-related pathways in viral pathogenesis. Due to the global pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), the role of androgen/AR in viral infectious disease is highlighted again, majorly representing by the recent advances of AR-responsive gene of transmembrane protease/serine subfamily member 2 (TMPRSS2), which proteolytically activates the receptor-mediated virus entry by many coronaviruses and influenza virus, along with the role of androgen-mediated signaling for the transcription of hepatitis B virus (HBV), and the role of sex hormone responsive genes during Zika virus (ZIKV) pathogenesis, et al. Collectively, we propose to provide a comprehensive overview of the role of male sex hormones during multiple phases in the life cycle of different human viruses, which may be partly responsible for the sex-specific prevalence, severity and mortality of some diseases, therefore, may provide clues to develop more efficient prevention and treatment strategies for high-risk populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinfeng Wu
- Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Cancer (Ministry of Education), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Cancer (Ministry of Education), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Cancer (Ministry of Education), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
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Lin CY, Chang YC, Wang IT, Hsieh MH, Wang CW, Lin SM, Wu CY, Fang YF. Metabolic tumor volume predicts overall survival in patients with primary pulmonary lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma. Oncol Lett 2019; 18:6143-6149. [PMID: 31788088 PMCID: PMC6864931 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Pretreatment tumor metabolic burden, measured using fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computerized tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT), has been demonstrated to predict outcomes in various types of malignancies. Additionally, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) serum titer is associated with stages of pulmonary lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma (LELC). The present study aimed to investigate the prognostic value of the functional parameters of 18F-FDG PET/CT in pulmonary LELC and their association with serum EBV DNA. The present retrospective study analyzed data from 71 patients with pulmonary LELC; among these, 32 patients with pulmonary LELC underwent pretreatment 18F-FDG PET/CT staging between January 2008 and December 2016. EBV viral load and functional parameters of 18F-FDG PET/CT were used for survival analysis. Multivariate analysis identified tumor stage IV as a significant predictor of poor progression-free survival [hazard ratio (HR), 4.85; P=0.049], whereas elevated total metabolic tumor volume (MTV ≥72.6 ml) independently predicted worse overall survival (OS; HR, 12.59; P=0.024). Pretreatment serum EBV DNA titer was significantly positively associated with total MTV (P=0.0337) and total lesion glycolysis (TLG; P=0.0093), but could not predict outcomes. Total MTV was an independent predictor of OS, and may guide clinical management for pulmonary LELC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Yu Lin
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan, R.O.C.,Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Saint Paul's Hospital, Taoyuan 33069, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Yu-Chuan Chang
- Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan, R.O.C.,Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - I-Ting Wang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei 10491, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Meng-Heng Hsieh
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chih-Wei Wang
- Department of Pathology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Shu-Min Lin
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Ching-Yang Wu
- Department of Surgery, Division of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Yueh-Fu Fang
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan, R.O.C
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Sayeed I, Wali B, Guthrie DB, Saindane MT, Natchus MG, Liotta DC, Stein DG. Development of a novel progesterone analog in the treatment of traumatic brain injury. Neuropharmacology 2018; 145:292-298. [PMID: 30222982 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2018.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Although systemic progesterone (PROG) treatment has been shown to be neuroprotective by many laboratories and in multiple animal models of brain injury including traumatic brain injury (TBI), PROG's poor aqueous solubility limits its potential for use as a therapeutic agent. The problem of solubility presents challenges for an acute intervention for neural injury, when getting a neuroprotectant to the brain quickly is crucial. Native PROG (nPROG) is hydrophobic and does not readily dissolve in an aqueous-based medium, so this makes it harder to give under emergency field conditions. An agent with properties similar to those of PROG but easier to store, transport, formulate, and administer early in emergency trauma situations could lead to better and more consistent clinical outcomes following TBI. At the same time, the engineering of a new molecule designed to treat a complex systemic injury must anticipate a range of translational issues including solubility and bioavailability. Here we describe the development of EIDD-1723, a novel, highly stable PROG analog with >104-fold higher aqueous solubility than that of nPROG. We think that, with further testing, EIDD-1723 could become an attractive candidate use as a field-ready treatment for TBI patients. This article is part of the Special Issue entitled "Novel Treatments for Traumatic Brain Injury".
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Affiliation(s)
- Iqbal Sayeed
- Emory University School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, 1365 B Clifton Rd NE, Suite 5100, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Bushra Wali
- Emory University School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, 1365 B Clifton Rd NE, Suite 5100, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - David B Guthrie
- Emory Institute for Drug Development/Department of Chemistry, Emory University, 954 Gatewood Road, Atlanta, GA, 30329, USA
| | - Manohar T Saindane
- Emory Institute for Drug Development/Department of Chemistry, Emory University, 954 Gatewood Road, Atlanta, GA, 30329, USA
| | - Michael G Natchus
- Emory Institute for Drug Development/Department of Chemistry, Emory University, 954 Gatewood Road, Atlanta, GA, 30329, USA
| | - Dennis C Liotta
- Emory Institute for Drug Development/Department of Chemistry, Emory University, 954 Gatewood Road, Atlanta, GA, 30329, USA
| | - Donald G Stein
- Emory University School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, 1365 B Clifton Rd NE, Suite 5100, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
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Walton EL. Radiotherapy and the tumor microenvironment: The "macro" picture. Biomed J 2017; 40:185-188. [PMID: 28918906 PMCID: PMC6136286 DOI: 10.1016/j.bj.2017.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In this issue of the Biomedical Journal, we explore the inner workings of tumor-associated macrophages and seek to understand how these cells can boost or limit the efficacy of radiotherapy, depending on the context. We also highlight a study revealing that staffing patterns in the intensive care unit may affect the outcome of patients with severe sepsis. Finally, we learn how an advanced imaging technique can improve endodontic treatment planning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Louise Walton
- Staff Writer at the Biomedical Journal, 56 Dronningens Gate, 7012 Trondheim, Norway.
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