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The spectrum of chromosomal translocations in the Arab world: ethnic-specific chromosomal translocations and their relevance to diseases. Chromosoma 2022; 131:127-146. [PMID: 35907041 PMCID: PMC9470631 DOI: 10.1007/s00412-022-00775-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Chromosomal translocations (CTs) are the most common type of structural chromosomal abnormalities in humans. CTs have been reported in several studies in the Arab world, but the frequency and spectrum of these translocations are not well characterized. The aim of this study is to conduct a systematic review to estimate the frequency and spectrum of CTs in the 22 Arab countries. Four literature databases were searched: PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, and Web of Science, from the time of inception until July 2021. A combination of broad search terms was used to collect all possible CTs reported in the Arab world. In addition to the literature databases, all captured CTs were searched in three chromosomal rearrangement databases (Mitelman Database, CytoD 1.0 Database, and the Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Hematology), along with PubMed and Google Scholar, to check whether the CTs are unique to the Arabs or shared between Arabs and non-Arabs. A total of 9,053 titles and abstracts were screened, of which 168 studies met our inclusion criteria, and 378 CTs were identified in 15 Arab countries, of which 57 CTs were unique to Arab patients. Approximately 89% of the identified CTs involved autosomal chromosomes. Three CTs, t(9;22), t(13;14), and t(14;18), showed the highest frequency, which were associated with hematological malignancies, recurrent pregnancy loss, and follicular lymphoma, respectively. Complex CTs were commonly reported among Arabs, with a total of 44 CTs, of which 12 were unique to Arabs. This is the first study to focus on the spectrum of CTs in the Arab world and compressively map the ethnic-specific CTs relevant to cancer. It seems that there is a distinctive genotype of Arabs with CTs, of which some manifested with unique clinical phenotypes. Although ethnic-specific CTs are highly relevant to disease mechanism, they are understudied and need to be thoroughly addressed.
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Torii Y, Nanjo K, Toubai T, Hosokawa M, Sato R, Yamada A, Aizawa K, Himuro M, Ito S, Yamamoto M, Magenau J, Wilcox R, Ishizawa K. A unique three-way Philadelphia chromosome variant t(4;9;22)(q21;q34;q11.2) in a newly diagnosed patient with chronic phase chronic myeloid leukemia: a case report and review of the literature. J Med Case Rep 2021; 15:285. [PMID: 34030730 PMCID: PMC8146239 DOI: 10.1186/s13256-021-02885-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic myeloid leukemia is a hematologic malignancy associated with the fusion of two genes: BCR and ABL1. This fusion results from a translocation between chromosomes 9 and 22, which is called the Philadelphia chromosome. Although the Philadelphia chromosome is present in more than 90% of patients with chronic myeloid leukemia, 5–8% of patients with chronic myeloid leukemia show complex variant translocations. Herein, we report a unique case of a three-way translocation variant in chronic phase chronic myeloid leukemia. Case presentation A 40-year-old Asian male who presented with leukocytosis was diagnosed with chronic phase chronic myeloid leukemia. Cytogenetic karyotyping analysis showed 46,XY,t(4;9;22)(q21;q34;q11.2). He was treated with bosutinib and then changed to dasatinib because of intolerance, and MR4.5 (BCR-ABL/ABL ≦ 0.0032%, international scale) was achieved after 17 months of continuous treatment. Conclusion This was the 14th case of t(4;9;22), in particular, a new variant Ph translocation involved in chromosome 4q21 and the first successful case treated with tyrosine kinase inhibitors in the world. We summarize previous case reports regarding three-way variant chromosome translocation, t(4;9;22) and discuss how this rare translocation is linked to prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuka Torii
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Division of Hematology and Cell Therapy, Yamagata University faculty of Medicine, 2-2-2 Iida-Nishi, Yamagata, 990-9585, Japan
| | - Kana Nanjo
- Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata University, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Tomomi Toubai
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Division of Hematology and Cell Therapy, Yamagata University faculty of Medicine, 2-2-2 Iida-Nishi, Yamagata, 990-9585, Japan.
| | - Masashi Hosokawa
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Division of Hematology and Cell Therapy, Yamagata University faculty of Medicine, 2-2-2 Iida-Nishi, Yamagata, 990-9585, Japan
| | - Ryo Sato
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Division of Hematology and Cell Therapy, Yamagata University faculty of Medicine, 2-2-2 Iida-Nishi, Yamagata, 990-9585, Japan
| | - Akane Yamada
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Division of Hematology and Cell Therapy, Yamagata University faculty of Medicine, 2-2-2 Iida-Nishi, Yamagata, 990-9585, Japan
| | - Keiko Aizawa
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Division of Hematology and Cell Therapy, Yamagata University faculty of Medicine, 2-2-2 Iida-Nishi, Yamagata, 990-9585, Japan
| | - Masahito Himuro
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Division of Hematology and Cell Therapy, Yamagata University faculty of Medicine, 2-2-2 Iida-Nishi, Yamagata, 990-9585, Japan
| | - Satoshi Ito
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Division of Hematology and Cell Therapy, Yamagata University faculty of Medicine, 2-2-2 Iida-Nishi, Yamagata, 990-9585, Japan
| | - Masakazu Yamamoto
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Division of Hematology and Cell Therapy, Yamagata University faculty of Medicine, 2-2-2 Iida-Nishi, Yamagata, 990-9585, Japan
| | - John Magenau
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Ryan Wilcox
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Kenichi Ishizawa
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Division of Hematology and Cell Therapy, Yamagata University faculty of Medicine, 2-2-2 Iida-Nishi, Yamagata, 990-9585, Japan
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Nunes MS, Garzon LR, Rampelotto RF, Tizotti MK, Martini R, Locatelli A, Barbosa M, Hörner M, Hörner R. Synthesis, characterization and biological activity of a gold(I) triazenide complex against chronic myeloid leukemia cells and biofilm producing microorganisms. BRAZ J PHARM SCI 2018. [DOI: 10.1590/s2175-97902017000400191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Chauffaille MDLLF. Is karyotyping still needed in the diagnosis and monitoring of chronic myeloid leukemia? Rev Bras Hematol Hemoter 2017; 39:281-282. [PMID: 28830611 PMCID: PMC5568583 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjhh.2016.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2016] [Revised: 12/01/2016] [Accepted: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Eyüpoğlu D, Bozkurt S, Haznedaroğlu İ, Büyükaşık Y, Güven D. The Impact of Variant Philadelphia Chromosome Translocations on the Clinical Course of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia. Turk J Haematol 2017; 33:60-5. [PMID: 27020722 PMCID: PMC4805334 DOI: 10.4274/tjh.2015.0237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is genetically characterized by the presence of the reciprocal translocation t(9;22) with the formation of Philadelphia (Ph) chromosome. Sometimes, the Ph translocation is generated by variant rearrangements. The prognostic impact of the variant translocations is still controversial. Among the 180 patients with Ph-positive CML who were treated in Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine Division of Hematology, variant translocations were detected, and retrospectively clinical and prognostic features were described. Also we performed a comprehensive literature review on the prognosis of such variant cases before and after tyrosine kinase inhibitor era. Five patients (2.7%) had variant Ph chromosomes, involved in the rearrangements were chromosomes 2 (2 cases), 11, 14 and 15. Patients were treated with imatinib or dasatinib. All patients reached a stable major molecular response suggesting a prognosis not worse than standard translocation individuals. Our present data were compatible with the data of previous studies indicating no difference in the prognosis between standard and variant translocations in tyrosine kinase inhibitors era of CML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damla Eyüpoğlu
- Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Ankara, Turkey. E-mail:
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Ujjan ID, Akhund AA, Saboor M, Qureshi MA, Khan S. Cytogenetic and Molecular Analyses of Philadelphia Chromosome Variants in CML (chronic myeloid leukemia) Patients from Sindh using Karyotyping and RT-PCR. Pak J Med Sci 2015; 31:936-40. [PMID: 26430433 PMCID: PMC4590377 DOI: 10.12669/pjms.314.7261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To determine the frequency of Philadelphia chromosome (Ph) and its variants in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) cases at a tertiary care hospital of Sindh. Methods: The study was conducted at the Department of Pathology, Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences, Jamshoro and Isra University Hospital, Hyderabad during May-to-September 2014. Bone marrow and peripheral blood samples from a total of 145 diagnosed cases of CML were collected. Cytogenetic analyses were performed using karyotyping as per the International System for Human Cytogenetic Nomenclature guidelines. All karyotypic images were analyzed using the Cytovision software. In order to identify BCR-ABL transcripts, RT-PCR was performed. Statistical analysis of the data was done using SPSS-version-21.0. Results: Of the 145 samples, a total of 133 (91.7%) were positive for the Ph (Ph+) while 12 (8.3%) were negative for the Ph (Ph-). Of the 133 Ph+ samples, standard karyotypes were noted in 121 (91%), simple variants in 9 (6.7%) and complex variants in 3 (2.3%) of the samples. All the Ph+ samples (n=133) showed BCR-ABL positivity. Of the 12 Ph- samples, a total of 7 (58.3%) were BCR-ABL-positive and 5 (41.6%) were BCR-ABL-negative. Conclusion: Frequency of the Ph was found to be of 90.9% in CML patients using a highly sensitive technique, the RT-PCR. Cytogenetic abnormalities were at a lower frequency. Cytogenetic and molecular studies must be conducted for better management of CML cases. These findings could be very useful in guiding the appropriate therapeutic options for CML patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ikram Din Ujjan
- Dr. Ikram Din Ujjan, PhD. Department of Pathology, Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences, Hyderabad, Pakistan
| | - Anwar Ali Akhund
- Prof. Dr. Anwar Ali Akhund, PhD. Department of Pathology, Isra University Hyderabad, Sindh - Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Saboor
- Dr. Muhammad Saboor, PhD. Baqai Institute of Hematology, Baqai Medical University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Asif Qureshi
- Dr. Muhammad Asif Qureshi, MBBS (Dow), PhD (Glasgow-UK). Assistant Professor, Department of Pathology, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Saeed Khan
- Dr. Saeed Khan, BSc, MSc, PhD, Post-doc (USA). Assistant Professor, HOD Molecular Pathology, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
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