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Waller SB, Ripoll MK, Gonçalves HP, Dalla Lana DF, de Faria RO, Meireles MCA, Fuentefria AM, de Mello JRB, Cleff MB. Are γ-terpinene, 1,8-cineole, p-coumaric acid, and quercetin active against wild-type and non-wild-type Sporothrix brasiliensis to itraconazole? Braz J Microbiol 2023; 54:531-541. [PMID: 36422848 PMCID: PMC9944583 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-022-00879-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The emergence of itraconazole (ITZ)-resistant Sporothrix brasiliensis in feline and canine cases in southern Brazil has hampered the clinical cure of animal sporotrichosis, encouraging the search for therapeutic alternatives. The promising use of plants extracts from Lamiaceae family is known; however, there are no studies with its major compounds, as γ-terpinene (γTER), 1,8-cineole (1,8CIN), p-coumaric acid (pCOU), and quercetin (QUER). For the first time, we evaluated the antifungal, synergistic, cytotoxic activities and action mechanism of these compounds against S. brasiliensis. For this, 28 S. brasiliensis from cats (n = 24) and dogs (n = 4) and standard strains of S. brasiliensis and S. schenckii (n = 4) were tested by M38-A2 (CLSI), revealing non-wild-type (WT) isolates to ITZ on 54.2% (13/24) and 75% (03/04) of feline and canine isolates, respectively. Of the compounds, γTER stood out against all isolates (MIC/MFC 0.75 to > 3 mg/ml; MIC50 3 mg/ml). However, 1,8CIN, pCOU, and QUER showed little or no activity (MIC50 > 3 mg/ml). Thus, γTER was selected for checkerboard assay, whose combination with ITZ showed synergistic (WT isolates) and indifferent (non-WT isolates) interaction. For action mechanism (sorbitol protection and ergosterol effect), γTER acted in membrane by complexing with fungal ergosterol and at the cell wall level, showing two possible pathways as antifungal target. Finally, cytotoxicity (MTT assay) showed that γTER was the safest compound on MDBK cells, even at a concentration of 3 mg/ml (90.16%). Our findings support that γTER is a potent antifungal candidate for the control of sporotrichosis, including against non-WT S. brasiliensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Bressan Waller
- Departamento de Veterinária Preventiva, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), 1 Campus Universitário Capão Do Leão, Pelotas, RS, 96010-900, Brazil.
| | - Márcia Kutscher Ripoll
- Departamento de Veterinária Preventiva, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), 1 Campus Universitário Capão Do Leão, Pelotas, RS, 96010-900, Brazil
| | - Helena Piúma Gonçalves
- Departamento de Clínicas Veterinária, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Daiane Flores Dalla Lana
- Departamento de Análises, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Renata Osório de Faria
- Departamento de Veterinária Preventiva, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), 1 Campus Universitário Capão Do Leão, Pelotas, RS, 96010-900, Brazil
| | - Mário Carlos Araújo Meireles
- Departamento de Veterinária Preventiva, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), 1 Campus Universitário Capão Do Leão, Pelotas, RS, 96010-900, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Meneghello Fuentefria
- Departamento de Análises, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - João Roberto Braga de Mello
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Marlete Brum Cleff
- Departamento de Clínicas Veterinária, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), Pelotas, RS, Brazil
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Kakouri E, Daferera D, Kanakis C, Revelou PK, Kaparakou EH, Dervisoglou S, Perdikis D, Tarantilis PA. Origanum majorana Essential Oil-A Review of Its Chemical Profile and Pesticide Activity. LIFE (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:life12121982. [PMID: 36556347 PMCID: PMC9785525 DOI: 10.3390/life12121982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Origanum majorana is a medicinal and aromatic plant that belongs to the Lamiaceae family. It is cultivated in several parts of the world and, due to its splendid aroma and taste, is widely used for culinary purposes and in perfumes. The essential oil of the plant, to which is attributed its aroma, contains many secondary metabolites with valuable biological activity. One of them is the pesticide activity, which has attracted much interest. Given the necessity of replacing synthetic pesticides, essential oils are studied in an attempt to find naturally derived products. Thus, the aim of this review paper is to discuss the chemical profile of O. majorana essential oil and to present data regarding its insecticidal, repellent and fumigant activity. Data were collected from 1992 to 2022. Databases, including PubMed, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect and Scopus, were used for the research, and keywords, including O. majorana, sweet marjoram, essential oil, volatiles, pesticide, insecticide and repellent activity, were used. The results of this review paper indicate that O. majorana essential oil can be an alternative agent to manage pests. However, still, much research should be conducted to evaluate its toxicity against beneficial insects and to ensure its safety for human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleni Kakouri
- Laboratory of Chemistry, Department of Food Science & Human Nutrition, School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitra Daferera
- Laboratory of Chemistry, Department of Food Science & Human Nutrition, School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, Greece
| | - Charalabos Kanakis
- Laboratory of Chemistry, Department of Food Science & Human Nutrition, School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, Greece
| | - Panagiota-Kyriaki Revelou
- Laboratory of Chemistry, Department of Food Science & Human Nutrition, School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, Greece
| | - Eleftheria H. Kaparakou
- Laboratory of Chemistry, Department of Food Science & Human Nutrition, School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, Greece
| | - Sofia Dervisoglou
- Laboratory of Agricultural Zoology and Entomology, Department of Crop Science, Agricultural University of Athens, 11855 Athens, Greece
| | - Dionysios Perdikis
- Laboratory of Agricultural Zoology and Entomology, Department of Crop Science, Agricultural University of Athens, 11855 Athens, Greece
| | - Petros A. Tarantilis
- Laboratory of Chemistry, Department of Food Science & Human Nutrition, School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, Greece
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +30-210-529-4262
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Zuzarte M, Salgueiro L. Essential Oils in Respiratory Mycosis: A Review. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27134140. [PMID: 35807386 PMCID: PMC9268412 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27134140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Respiratory mycosis is a major health concern, due to the expanding population of immunosuppressed and immunocompromised patients and the increasing resistance to conventional antifungals and their undesired side-effects, thus justifying the development of new therapeutic strategies. Plant metabolites, namely essential oils, represent promising preventive/therapeutic strategies due to their widely reported antifungal potential. However, regarding fungal infections of the respiratory tract, information is disperse and no updated compilation on current knowledge is available. Therefore, the present review aims to gather and systematize relevant information on the antifungal effects of several essential oils and volatile compounds against the main type of respiratory mycosis that impact health care systems. Particular attention is paid to Aspergillus fumigatus, the main pathogen involved in aspergillosis, Candida auris, currently emerging as a major pathogen in certain parts of the world, and Cryptococcus neoformans, one of the main pathogens involved in pulmonary cryptococcosis. Furthermore, the main mechanisms of action underlying essential oils’ antifungal effects and current limitations in clinical translation are presented. Overall, essential oils rich in phenolic compounds seem to be very effective but clinical translation requires more comprehensive in vivo studies and human trials to assess the efficacy and tolerability of these compounds in respiratory mycosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mónica Zuzarte
- Faculty of Medicine, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Centre of Coimbra (CACC), 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Correspondence:
| | - Lígia Salgueiro
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal;
- Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Chemical Process Engineering and Forest Products Research Centre (CIEPQPF), University of Coimbra, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal
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Balahbib A, El Omari N, Hachlafi NE, Lakhdar F, El Menyiy N, Salhi N, Mrabti HN, Bakrim S, Zengin G, Bouyahya A. Health beneficial and pharmacological properties of p-cymene. Food Chem Toxicol 2021; 153:112259. [PMID: 33984423 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2021.112259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
p-cymene also known as p-cymol or p-isopropyltoluene is an alkyl-substituted aromatic compound naturally occurring in essential oils (EOs) of various aromatic plants, including the genus of Artemisia, Protium, Origanum, and Thymus. It is related to the family of terpenes, especially monocyclic monoterpenes. p-cymene is also present in several food-based plants such as carrots, orange juice, grapefruit, tangerine, raspberries and several spices. Numerous studies have demonstrated the pharmacological properties of the monoterpenes p-cymene, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiparasitic, antidiabetic, antiviral, antitumor, antibacterial, and antifungal activities. The p-cymene has also been reported to act as an analgesic, antinociceptive, immunomodulatory, vasorelaxant and neuroprotective agent. Its anticancer effects are related to some mechanisms such as the inhibition of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. In this review, we critically highlighted the in vitro and in vivo pharmacological properties of the p-cymene molecule, providing insight into its mechanisms of action and potential applications in drug discovery. In light of this finding, in-depth in vivo studies are strongly required to validate the safety and beneficial effects of the p-cymene molecule in human healthcare and industrial applications as a potential source of drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelaali Balahbib
- Laboratory of Biodiversity, Ecology, and Genome, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Morocco
| | - Nasreddine El Omari
- Laboratory of Histology, Embryology, And Cytogenetic, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Morocco
| | - Naoufal El Hachlafi
- Microbial Biotechnology and Bioactive Molecules Laboratory, Sciences and Technologies Faculty, Sidi Mohmed Ben Abdellah University, P.O.Box-2002, Imouzzer Road Fez, Morocco
| | - Fatima Lakhdar
- Department of Biology, Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology and Environment, Faculty of Sciences, ChouaibDoukkali University, BP 20, El Jadida, 24000, Morocco
| | - Naoual El Menyiy
- Laboratory of Natural Substances, Pharmacology, Environment, Modeling, Health and of Life (SNAMOPEQ). Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz. University Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah, Fez, Morocco
| | - Najoua Salhi
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Morocco
| | - Hanae Naceiri Mrabti
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Bio Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Analysis Research Team, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University in Rabat, BP 6203, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Saad Bakrim
- Laboratory of Molecular Engineering, Valorization and Environment, Department of Sciences and Techniques, Polydisciplinary Faculty of Taroudant, Ibn Zohr University, Taroudant, Morocco
| | - Gokhan Zengin
- Physiology and Biochemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey.
| | - Abdelhakim Bouyahya
- Laboratory of Human Pathologies Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, And Genomic Center of Human Pathologies, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Morocco.
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Bouyahya A, Chamkhi I, Benali T, Guaouguaou FE, Balahbib A, El Omari N, Taha D, Belmehdi O, Ghokhan Z, El Menyiy N. Traditional use, phytochemistry, toxicology, and pharmacology of Origanum majorana L. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 265:113318. [PMID: 32882360 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/22/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Origanum majorana L., is an aromatic and medicinal plant distributed in different parts of Mediterranean countries. This species is widely used in traditional medicine for the treatment of many diseases such as allergies, hypertension, respiratory infections, diabetes, stomach pain, and intestinal antispasmodic. AIM OF THE REVIEW This work reports previous studies on O. majorana concerning its taxonomy, botanical description, geographical distribution, traditional use, bioactive compounds, toxicology, and biological effects. MATERIALS AND METHODS Different scientific data bases such as Web of Science, Scopus, Wiley Online, SciFinder, Google Scholar, PubMed, ScienceDirect, and SpringerLink were consulted to collect data about O. majorana. The presented data emphasis bioactive compounds, traditional uses, toxicological investigations, and biological activities of O. majorana. RESULTS The findings of this work marked an important correlation between the traditional use of O. majorana as an anti-allergic, antihypertensive, anti-diabetic agent, and its biological effects. Indeed, pharmacological investigations showed that essential oils and extracts from O. majorana exhibit different biological properties, particularly; antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant, antiparasitic, antidiabetic, anticancer, nephrotoxicity protective, anti-inflammatory, analgesic and anti-pyretic, hepatoprotective, and antimutagenic effects. Toxicological evaluation confirmed the safety and innocuity of this species and supported its medicinal uses. Several bioactive compounds belonging to different chemical family such as terpenoids, flavonoids, and phenolic acids were also identified in O. majorana. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that the pharmacological properties of O. majorana confirm its traditional uses. Indeed, O. majorana essential oils showed remarkable antimicrobial, antioxidant, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antimutagenic, nephroprotective, and hepatoprotective activities. However, further investigations regarding the evaluation of molecular mechanisms of identified compounds against human cancer cell lines, inflammatory process, and microbial infections are needed to validate pharmacodynamic targets. The toxicological investigation of O. Majorana confirmed its safety and therefore encouraged pharmacokinetic evaluation tests to validate its bioavailability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelhakim Bouyahya
- Laboratory of Human Pathologies Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, And Genomic Center of Human Pathologies, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Morocco.
| | - Imane Chamkhi
- Microbiology and Molecular Biology Team, Center of Plant and Microbial Biotechnology, Biodiversity and Environment, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Morocco.
| | - Taoufiq Benali
- Laboratory of Natural Resources and Environment, Polydisciplinary Faculty of Taza, SidiMohamed Ben Abdellah University of Fez, B.P.: 1223, Taza-Gare, Taza, Morocco.
| | - Fatima-Ezzahrae Guaouguaou
- Mohammed V University in Rabat, LPCMIO, Materials Science Center (MSC), Ecole Normale Supérieure, Rabat, Morocco.
| | - Abdelaali Balahbib
- Laboratory of Zoology and General Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco.
| | - Nasreddine El Omari
- Laboratory of Histology, Embryology, and Cytogenetic, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Morocco.
| | - Douae Taha
- Laboratoire de Spectroscopie, Modélisation Moléculaire, Matériaux, Nanomatériaux, Eau et Environnement, CERNE2D, Faculté des Sciences, Université Mohammed V, Rabat, Morocco.
| | - Omar Belmehdi
- Biology and Health Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Abdelmalek Essaadi University, Tetouan, Morocco.
| | - Zengin Ghokhan
- Biochemistry and Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Selcuk University, Campus, Konya, Turkey.
| | - Naoual El Menyiy
- Laboratory of Physiology, Pharmacology & Environmental Health, Faculty of Science, University Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah, Fez, Morocco.
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Rodrigues AM, Della Terra PP, Gremião ID, Pereira SA, Orofino-Costa R, de Camargo ZP. The threat of emerging and re-emerging pathogenic Sporothrix species. Mycopathologia 2020; 185:813-842. [PMID: 32052359 DOI: 10.1007/s11046-020-00425-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Sporotrichosis is a neglected subcutaneous mycosis of humans and animals acquired by traumatic inoculation of soil and plant material (classical route) contaminated with infectious propagules of the pathogen or being bitten/scratched by infected cats (alternative route). Within a genus composed of 53 species displaying an essentially environmental core, there are only a few members which have considerable impacts on human or animal health. Infections are typically caused by S. brasiliensis, S. schenckii or S. globosa. Rare mammal pathogens include members of the S. pallida and S. stenocereus complexes. To illustrate the tremendous impact of emerging zoonotic sporotrichosis on public health, we discuss the main features of the expanding epidemics driven by S. brasiliensis in cats and humans. The cat entry in the transmission chain of sporotrichosis, causing epizooties (cat-cat) or zoonosis (cat-human), has contributed to the definition of new paradigms in Sporothrix transmission, reaching epidemic levels, making the disease a serious public health problem. Indeed, S. brasiliensis infection in humans and animals is likely to become even more important in the future, with projections of its expansion in biogeographic domains and host range, as well as greater virulence in mammals. Therefore, lessons from a long-standing outbreak in the state of Rio de Janeiro about the source and distribution of the etiological agents among outbreak areas can be used to create better control and prevention plans and increase awareness of sporotrichosis as a serious emerging zoonotic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anderson Messias Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Emerging Fungal Pathogens, Cell Biology Division, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Paulista School of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, 04023-062, Brazil.
| | - Paula Portella Della Terra
- Laboratory of Emerging Fungal Pathogens, Cell Biology Division, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Paulista School of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, 04023-062, Brazil
| | - Isabella Dib Gremião
- Laboratory of Clinical Research on Dermatozoonoses in Domestic Animals, Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Sandro Antonio Pereira
- Laboratory of Clinical Research on Dermatozoonoses in Domestic Animals, Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Rosane Orofino-Costa
- Dermatology Department, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (FCM-UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Zoilo Pires de Camargo
- Laboratory of Emerging Fungal Pathogens, Cell Biology Division, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Paulista School of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, 04023-062, Brazil
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Karpiński TM. Essential Oils of Lamiaceae Family Plants as Antifungals. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10010103. [PMID: 31936168 PMCID: PMC7023020 DOI: 10.3390/biom10010103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The incidence of fungal infections has been steadily increasing in recent years. Systemic mycoses are characterized by the highest mortality. At the same time, the frequency of infections caused by drug-resistant strains and new pathogens e.g., Candida auris increases. An alternative to medicines may be essential oils, which can have a broad antimicrobial spectrum. Rich in the essential oils are plants from the Lamiaceae family. In this review are presented antifungal activities of essential oils from 72 Lamiaceae plants. More than half of these have good activity (minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) < 1000 µg/mL) against fungi. The best activity (MICs < 100) have essential oils from some species of the genera Clinopodium, Lavandula, Mentha, Thymbra, and Thymus. In some cases were observed significant discrepancies between different studies. In the review are also shown the most important compounds of described essential oils. To the chemical components most commonly found as the main ingredients include β-caryophyllene (41 plants), linalool (27 plants), limonene (26), β-pinene (25), 1,8-cineole (22), carvacrol (21), α-pinene (21), p-cymene (20), γ-terpinene (20), and thymol (20).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz M Karpiński
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Wieniawskiego 3, 61-712 Poznań, Poland
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Waller SB, Cleff MB, de Mattos CB, da Silva CC, Giordani C, Dalla Lana DF, Fuentefria AM, Freitag RA, Viegas Sallis ES, de Mello JRB, de Faria RO, Meireles MCA. In vivo protection of the marjoram (Origanum majorana Linn.) essential oil in the cutaneous sporotrichosis by Sporothrix brasiliensis. Nat Prod Res 2019; 35:2977-2981. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2019.1678617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Bressan Waller
- Departamento de Veterinária Preventiva, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brasil
- Departamento de Clínica Veterinária, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brasil
| | - Marlete Brum Cleff
- Departamento de Clínica Veterinária, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brasil
| | - Caroline Bohnen de Mattos
- Departamento de Clínica Veterinária, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brasil
| | - Cristine Cioato da Silva
- Departamento de Clínica Veterinária, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brasil
| | - Cláudia Giordani
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Caxias do Sul, Caxias do Sul, Brasil
| | - Daiane Flores Dalla Lana
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande Do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brasil
| | | | - Rogério Antônio Freitag
- Departamento de Química Orgânica, Instituto de Química e Geociências, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brasil
| | - Eliza Simone Viegas Sallis
- Departamento de Patologia Animal, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brasil
| | | | - Renata Osório de Faria
- Departamento de Veterinária Preventiva, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brasil
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Ferreira PG, Noronha L, Teixeira R, Vieira I, Borba-Santos LP, Viçosa A, de Moraes M, Calil-Elias S, de Freitas Z, da Silva FC, Rozental S, Futuro DO, Ferreira VF. Investigation of a Microemulsion Containing Clotrimazole and Itraconazole for Transdermal Delivery for the Treatment of Sporotrichosis. J Pharm Sci 2019; 109:1026-1034. [PMID: 31604084 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2019.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to develop a microemulsion (ME) formulation containing an association of itraconazole (ITC) and clotrimazole (CLT) as a transdermal delivery system for the treatment of sporotrichosis. Pseudoternary phase diagrams were constructed to optimize the ME formulation. The ME formulation selected contained 1% (w/w) ITC and 1% (w/w) CLT and was composed of 23.07% Tween® 60 (surfactant), 23.07% propylene glycol (cosurfactant/cosolvent), 30.77% benzyl alcohol (oil), and 21.09% water. The ITC/CLT-loaded ME (ITC/CLT-ME) had a droplet size value of 217 ± 0.9 nm, with a polydispersity index of 0.5 ± 0.1. Permeation experiments on pig ear skin were conducted for ITC/CLT-ME, and the results indicated that the drug permeation performance was influenced by CLT, indicating that CLT acts as a promoter enhancer. In the in vitro antifungal activity assay using Sporothrix brasiliensis yeast, the inhibition halo produced by ITC/CLT-ME exhibited a mean diameter of 43.67 ± 2.31 mm. The ITC/CLT-ME formulation did not cause skin irritation in mice. The results suggest that ITC/CLT-ME is a promising tool for the transdermal treatment of sporotrichosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia G Ferreira
- Departamento de Química Orgânica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ 24210-141, Brazil; Universidade Federal Fluminense, Faculdade de Farmácia, 24241-000 Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Letícia Noronha
- Departamento de Química Orgânica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ 24210-141, Brazil; Universidade Federal Fluminense, Faculdade de Farmácia, 24241-000 Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Rafaela Teixeira
- Universidade Federal Fluminense, Faculdade de Farmácia, 24241-000 Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Italo Vieira
- Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Química, 20550-900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Luana P Borba-Santos
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Filho, Laboratório de Biologia Celular de Fungos, 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Alessandra Viçosa
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Farmanguinhos, 21045-900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Marcela de Moraes
- Departamento de Química Orgânica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ 24210-141, Brazil
| | - Sabrina Calil-Elias
- Universidade Federal Fluminense, Faculdade de Farmácia, 24241-000 Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Zaida de Freitas
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Farmácia Universitária, 21941-170 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Fernando C da Silva
- Departamento de Química Orgânica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ 24210-141, Brazil
| | - Sônia Rozental
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Filho, Laboratório de Biologia Celular de Fungos, 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Débora O Futuro
- Universidade Federal Fluminense, Faculdade de Farmácia, 24241-000 Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Vitor F Ferreira
- Universidade Federal Fluminense, Faculdade de Farmácia, 24241-000 Niterói, RJ, Brazil.
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10
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Garcia Ferreira P, Pereira Borba-Santos L, Noronha LL, Deckman Nicoletti C, de Sá Haddad Queiroz M, de Carvalho da Silva F, Rozental S, Omena Futuro D, Francisco Ferreira V. Synthesis, Stability Studies, and Antifungal Evaluation of Substituted α- and β-2,3-Dihydrofuranaphthoquinones against Sporothrix brasiliensis and Sporothrix schenckii. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24050930. [PMID: 30866442 PMCID: PMC6429059 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24050930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Sporotrichosis is a neglected fungal infection caused by Sporothrix spp., which have a worldwide distribution. The standard antifungal itraconazole has been recommended as a first-line therapy. However, failure cases in human and feline treatment have been reported in recent years. This study aimed to synthesize several α- and β-2,3-dihydrofuranaphthoquinones and evaluate them against Sporothrix schenckii and Sporothrix brasiliensis—the main etiological agents of sporotrichosis in Brazil. The stability of these compounds was also investigated under different storage conditions for 3 months. The samples were removed at 0, 60, and 90 days and assessed by 1H-NMR, and their in vitro antifungal susceptibility was tested. Furthermore, we evaluated the superficial changes caused by the most effective and stable compounds using scanning electron microscopy and determined their effects when combined with itraconazole. Nine dihydrofuranaphthoquinones showed good antifungal activity and stability, with MIC values of 2–32 µM. Compounds 6 and 10 were the most active dihydrofuranaphthoquinones in vitro for both species; in fungi, these compounds induced yeast–hyphae conversion and alteration in the hyphae and conidia structures. Compound 10 also exhibited a synergistic activity with itraconazole against S. schenckii, with a ΣFIC index value of 0.3. Our results indicate that Compounds 6 and 10 are potential candidates for the development of new antifungal agents for the treatment of sporotrichosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Garcia Ferreira
- Departamento de Tecnologia Farmacêutica, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói-RJ 24241-000, Brazil.
| | - Luana Pereira Borba-Santos
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular de Fungos, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, RJ-Brazil.
| | - Leticia Lorena Noronha
- Departamento de Tecnologia Farmacêutica, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói-RJ 24241-000, Brazil.
| | - Caroline Deckman Nicoletti
- Departamento de Tecnologia Farmacêutica, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói-RJ 24241-000, Brazil.
| | - Marcella de Sá Haddad Queiroz
- Departamento de Tecnologia Farmacêutica, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói-RJ 24241-000, Brazil.
| | - Fernando de Carvalho da Silva
- Departamento de Química Orgânica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói-RJ 24210-141, Brazil.
| | - Sônia Rozental
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular de Fungos, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, RJ-Brazil.
| | - Débora Omena Futuro
- Departamento de Tecnologia Farmacêutica, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói-RJ 24241-000, Brazil.
| | - Vitor Francisco Ferreira
- Departamento de Tecnologia Farmacêutica, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói-RJ 24241-000, Brazil.
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11
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Gautam SS, Navneet, Babu N. Sporotrichosis: The Emerging Fungal Threats to Animals. Fungal Biol 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-18586-2_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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12
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Moreira da Silva T, Pinheiro CD, Puccinelli Orlandi P, Pinheiro CC, Soares Pontes G. Zerumbone from Zingiber zerumbet (L.) smith: a potential prophylactic and therapeutic agent against the cariogenic bacterium Streptococcus mutans. Altern Ther Health Med 2018; 18:301. [PMID: 30424764 PMCID: PMC6234655 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-018-2360-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2017] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Essential oil obtained from rhizomes of the Zingiber zerumbet (L.) Smith (popularly known in Brazil as bitter ginger) is mainly constituted by the biomolecule zerumbone, which exhibit untapped antimicrobial potential. The aim of this study was to investigate the antimicrobial activity of the zerumbone from bitter ginger rhizomes against the cariogenic agent Streptococcus mutans. METHODS Firstly, the essential oil from rhizomes of Zingiber zerumbet (L.) Smith extracted by hydrodistillation was submitted to purification and recrystallization process to obtain the zerumbone compound. The purity of zerumbone was determined through high-performance liquid chromatography analysis. Different concentrations of zerumbone were tested against the standard strain S. mutans (ATCC 35668) by using microdilution method. The speed of cidal activity was determined through a time kill-curve assay. The biological cytotoxicity activity of zerumbone was assessed using Vero cell line through MTT assay. RESULTS The zerumbone showed a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 250 μg/mL and a minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of 500 μg/mL against S. mutans. After six hours of bacteria-zerumbone interaction, all concentrations tested starts to kill the bacteria and all bacteria were killed between 48 and 72 h period at the concentration of 500 μg/mL (99,99% of bacteria were killed in comparison with original inoculum). In addition, zerumbone showed no cytotoxicity activity on mammalian continuous cells line. CONCLUSIONS These results draw attention to the potential of zerumbone as antimicrobial agent against S. mutans infection, indicating its possible use in the phyto-pharmaceutical formulations as new approach to prevent and treat tooth decay disease.
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13
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Gómez-Mateos Pérez M, Navarro Moll C, Merino Espinosa G, Valero López A. Evaluation of different Mediterranean essential oils as prophylactic agents in anisakidosis. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2017; 55:456-461. [PMID: 27937075 PMCID: PMC6130707 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2016.1247880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Revised: 10/03/2016] [Accepted: 10/07/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Anisakis Dujardin 1845 (Anisakidae) nematodes can cause gastrointestinal and allergic diseases when humans eat raw or undercooked seafood containing larvae. There is currently no drug available in the market against this parasitic disease, and the study of plant-derived molecules could be useful in the discovery of effective compounds. OBJECTIVE This research assesses the biocidal activity of a range of essential oils (EOs) from some Mediterranean plants against larvae found in the musculature of fresh fish. MATERIALS AND METHODS EOs composition was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy. All the EOs were diluted at 5% v/v in olive oil to cover the fish with the solutions for 24 h. The larvae that abandoned the muscle and the larvae obtained from the artificial digestion of the fish were collected. Controls were carried out in parallel. Furthermore, Wistar rats were infected with the live larvae collected from the in vitro trials in order to find any larvae that may have penetrated the gastrointestinal wall. RESULTS Between 60.8% and 87.6% of parasites treated with EOs abandoned the fish muscle, and the highest in vitro mortality rate was achieved with oregano EO (53.9%). Rats previously treated with oregano, cumin and Spanish lavender EOs showed no detectable lesions in the digestive tract due to the infection with larvae. CONCLUSIONS Oregano (Origanum vulgare L. Lamiaceae), cumin (Cuminum cyminum L. Apiaceae) and Spanish lavender (Lavender stoechas L. Lamiaceae) EOs could be used as promising ingredients in the development of products for the control of anisakiasis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Gema Merino Espinosa
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Adela Valero López
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
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14
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Waller SB, Madrid IM, Hoffmann JF, Picoli T, Cleff MB, Chaves FC, Faria ROD, Meireles MCA, Braga de Mello JR. Chemical composition and cytotoxicity of extracts of marjoram and rosemary and their activity against Sporothrix brasiliensis. J Med Microbiol 2017; 66:1076-1083. [PMID: 28699881 DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.000517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Motivated by increasing reports of antifungal resistance in human and animal sporotrichosis, this study evaluated the chemical composition, cytotoxicity and anti-Sporothrix brasiliensis activity of extracts of marjoram (Origanum majorana) and rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis). METHODOLOGY Ten (INF10) and 60 min (INF60) infusions, a decoction and a hydroalcoholic extract (HAE, 70 %) were prepared from both plants (10 % w/v). The extract composition was analysed by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry and the cytotoxicity was evaluated using a colorimetric assay in canine and feline kidney cells. Using a broth microdilution assay (CLSI M38-A2) adapted to the extracts, 30 Sporothrix brasiliensis isolates from dogs, cats and humans, and one Sporothrix schenckii were tested.Results/Key findings. The predominant phenolic compounds found in all extracts were 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, caffeic acid and chlorogenic acid. Luteolin was also one of the predominant compounds, but only in the HAE of marjoram. Extracts of marjoram maintained cell viability in concentrations up to 2.5 mg ml-1 for the feline cell line and up to 10 mg ml-1 for the canine cell line, whereas in rosemary, the cell viability for both kidney lines was maintained with concentrations up to 5 mg ml-1. The activity of rosemary extracts was low or absent. Among the marjoram extracts, HAE was highlighted and had fungistatic activity against Sporothrix brasiliensis (MIC5040 mg ml-1), including in all itraconazole-resistant isolates. S. schenckiisensu stricto was sensitive to marjoram extracts (MIC/MFC ≤5 mg ml-1), with the exception of INF10. CONCLUSION These findings support the potential usefulness of the HAE of marjoram in the treatment of sporotrichosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Bressan Waller
- Department of Preventive Veterinary, College of Veterinary, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas/RS, Brazil
| | | | - Jéssica Fernanda Hoffmann
- Department of Agroindustrial Science and Technology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas/RS, Brazil
| | - Tony Picoli
- Department of Preventive Veterinary, College of Veterinary, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas/RS, Brazil
| | - Marlete Brum Cleff
- Department of Preventive Veterinary, College of Veterinary, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas/RS, Brazil
| | - Fábio Clasen Chaves
- Department of Agroindustrial Science and Technology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas/RS, Brazil
| | - Renata Osório de Faria
- Department of Preventive Veterinary, College of Veterinary, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas/RS, Brazil
| | | | - João Roberto Braga de Mello
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Basic Sciences and Health, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre/RS, Brazil
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15
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Waller SB, Peter CM, Hoffmann JF, Picoli T, Osório LDG, Chaves F, Zani JL, de Faria RO, de Mello JRB, Meireles MCA. Chemical and cytotoxic analyses of brown Brazilian propolis (Apis mellifera) and its in vitro activity against itraconazole-resistant Sporothrix brasiliensis. Microb Pathog 2017; 105:117-121. [PMID: 28219829 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2017.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Revised: 01/19/2017] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the chemical composition and cytotoxic activity of brown Brazilian propolis and its in vitro activity against itraconazole-resistant Sporothrix brasiliensis from animal sporotrichosis. Propolis was acquired commercially and prepared as a hydroalcoholic extract. Chemical analysis was evaluated by liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry of ultra-efficiency. The cell viability was evaluated by MTT test in MDBK cells of 50 to 0.09 μg/mL. For antifungal tests, twenty isolates of Sporothrix brasiliensis from dogs (n = 11) and cats (n = 9) with sporotrichosis were tested to itraconazole (16-0.0313 μg/mL) and to propolis (3.125-0.09 mg/mL) by broth microdilution technique (CLSI M38-A2), adapted to natural products. The results were expressed in minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal fungicidal concentration (MFC). Itraconazole showed activity between MIC values of 0.25 to greater than 16 μg/mL, and 88.9% (08/09) and 72.7% (08/11) of S. brasiliensis from cats and dogs, respectively, were considered itraconazole-resistant. All Sporothrix brasiliensis were sensitive to brown propolis between MIC values of 0.19-1.56 mg/mL, including the itraconazole-resistant isolates, whereas the MFC values of propolis were from 0.78 to greater than 3.125 mg/mL. Propolis maintained a medium to high cell viability between concentration of 0.78 to 0.09 μg/mL, and p-coumaric acid was the major compound. Brown Brazilian propolis is a promising antifungal candidate against sporotrichosis and more studies need to be undertaken to evaluate its safe use to understand its efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie B Waller
- Centro de Diagnóstico e Pesquisa em Micologia Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil.
| | - Cristina M Peter
- Laboratório de Bacteriologia e Saúde Populacional, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil.
| | - Jéssica F Hoffmann
- Laboratório Cromatografia e Espectrometria de Massas, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Tony Picoli
- Laboratório de Bacteriologia e Saúde Populacional, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Luiza da G Osório
- Centro de Diagnóstico e Pesquisa em Micologia Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Fábio Chaves
- Laboratório Cromatografia e Espectrometria de Massas, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - João L Zani
- Laboratório de Bacteriologia e Saúde Populacional, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Renata O de Faria
- Centro de Diagnóstico e Pesquisa em Micologia Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - João R B de Mello
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Mário C A Meireles
- Centro de Diagnóstico e Pesquisa em Micologia Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
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