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Wu Y, Jing H, Li Y, Li M, Zheng Y, Lin Y, Ma G, Cao H, Yang H. NOR1 promotes the osteoblastic differentiation of human periodontal ligament stem cells via TGF-β signaling pathway. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:338. [PMID: 39120703 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-024-05356-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2024] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
Alveolar bone loss is a main manifestation of periodontitis. Human periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) are considered as optimal seed cells for alveolar bone regeneration due to its mesenchymal stem cell like properties. Osteogenic potential is the premise for PDLSCs to repair alveolar bone loss. However, the mechanism regulating osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs remain elusive. In this study, we identified Neuron-derived orphan receptor 1 (NOR1), was particularly expressed in PDL tissue in vivo and gradually increased during osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs in vitro. Knockdown of NOR1 in hPDLSCs inhibited their osteogenic potential while NOR1 overexpression reversed this effect. In order to elucidate the downstream regulatory network of NOR1, RNA-sequencing was used. We found that downregulated genes were mainly enriched in TGF-β, Hippo, Wnt signaling pathway. Further, by western blot analysis, we verified that the expression level of phosphorylated-SMAD2/3 and phosphorylated-SMAD4 were all decreased after NOR1 knockdown. Additionally, ChIP-qPCR and dual luciferase reporter assay indicated that NOR1 could bind to the promoter of TGFBR1 and regulate its activity. Moreover, overexpression of TGFBR1 in PDLSCs could rescue the damaged osteogenic potential after NOR1 knockdown. Taken together, our results demonstrated that NOR1 could activate TGF-β/SMAD signaling pathway and positively regulates the commitment of osteoblast lineages of PDLSCs by targeting TGFBR1 directly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Wu
- The Institute of Stomatology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Peking University-The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, China
- Guangdong Provincial High-level Clinical Key Specialty, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, China
- Guangdong Province Engineering Research Center of Oral Disease Diagnosis and Treatment, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Stomatological Center, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, China
| | - Huan Jing
- The Institute of Stomatology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Peking University-The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, China
- Guangdong Provincial High-level Clinical Key Specialty, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, China
- Guangdong Province Engineering Research Center of Oral Disease Diagnosis and Treatment, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Stomatological Center, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, China
| | - Yicun Li
- The Institute of Stomatology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Peking University-The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, China
- Guangdong Provincial High-level Clinical Key Specialty, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, China
- Guangdong Province Engineering Research Center of Oral Disease Diagnosis and Treatment, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Stomatological Center, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, China
| | - Mengqing Li
- Department of Pathology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong , 518000, China
| | - Yating Zheng
- Department of Pathology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong , 518000, China
| | - Yuntao Lin
- The Institute of Stomatology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Peking University-The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, China
- Guangdong Provincial High-level Clinical Key Specialty, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, China
- Guangdong Province Engineering Research Center of Oral Disease Diagnosis and Treatment, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Stomatological Center, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, China
| | - Guixing Ma
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Key University Laboratory of Metabolism and Health of Guangdong, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
| | - Huiling Cao
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Key University Laboratory of Metabolism and Health of Guangdong, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China.
| | - Hongyu Yang
- The Institute of Stomatology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Peking University-The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, China.
- Guangdong Provincial High-level Clinical Key Specialty, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, China.
- Guangdong Province Engineering Research Center of Oral Disease Diagnosis and Treatment, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, China.
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Stomatological Center, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, China.
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2
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Gangrade A, Zehtabi F, Rashad A, Haghniaz R, Falcone N, Mandal K, Khosravi S, Deka S, Yamauchi A, Voskanian L, Kim HJ, Ermis M, Khademhosseini A, de Barros NR. Nanobioactive Blood-Derived Shear-Thinning Biomaterial for Tissue Engineering Applications. APPLIED MATERIALS TODAY 2024; 38:102250. [PMID: 39006868 PMCID: PMC11242922 DOI: 10.1016/j.apmt.2024.102250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
The conventional technique for successful bone grafts, involving the use of a patienťs own tissue (autografts), is challenged by limited availability and donor site morbidity. While allografts and xenografts offer alternatives, they come with the risk of rejection. This underscores the pressing need for tailor-made artificial bone graft materials. In this context, injectable hydrogels are emerging as a promising solution for bone regeneration, especially in complex maxillofacial reconstruction cases. These hydrogels can seamlessly adapt to irregular shapes and conservatively fill defects. Our study introduces a shear-thinning biomaterial by blending silicate nanoplatelets (SNs) enriched with human blood-derived plasma rich in growth factors (PRGF) for personalized applications. Notably, our investigations unveil that injectable hydrogel formulations comprising 7.5% PRGF yield sustained protein and growth factor release, affording precise control over critical growth factors essential for tissue regeneration. Moreover, our hydrogel exhibits exceptional biocompatibility in vitro and in vivo and demonstrates hemostatic properties. The hydrogel also presents a robust angiogenic potential and an inherent capacity to promote bone differentiation, proven through Alizarin Red staining, gene expression, and immunostaining assessments of bone-related biomarkers. Given these impressive attributes, our hydrogel stands out as a leading candidate for maxillofacial bone regeneration application. Beyond this, our findings hold immense potential in revolutionizing the field of regenerative medicine, offering an influential platform for crafting precise and effective therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankit Gangrade
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation (TIBI), 1018 Westwood Blvd, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Fatemeh Zehtabi
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation (TIBI), 1018 Westwood Blvd, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Ahmad Rashad
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation (TIBI), 1018 Westwood Blvd, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Reihaneh Haghniaz
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation (TIBI), 1018 Westwood Blvd, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Natashya Falcone
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation (TIBI), 1018 Westwood Blvd, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Kalpana Mandal
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation (TIBI), 1018 Westwood Blvd, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Safoora Khosravi
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation (TIBI), 1018 Westwood Blvd, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Sangeeta Deka
- Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam, India, Pin-781039
| | - Alana Yamauchi
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation (TIBI), 1018 Westwood Blvd, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Leon Voskanian
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation (TIBI), 1018 Westwood Blvd, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Han-Jun Kim
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation (TIBI), 1018 Westwood Blvd, Los Angeles, California, USA
- College of Pharmacy, Korea University, 30019, Republic of Korea
- Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, 632014, India
| | - Menekse Ermis
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation (TIBI), 1018 Westwood Blvd, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Ali Khademhosseini
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation (TIBI), 1018 Westwood Blvd, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Natan Roberto de Barros
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation (TIBI), 1018 Westwood Blvd, Los Angeles, California, USA
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3
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A flexible design framework to design graded porous bone scaffolds with adjustable anisotropic properties. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2023; 140:105727. [PMID: 36801781 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2023.105727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Since the success of bone regenerative medicine depends on scaffold morphological and mechanical properties, numerous scaffolds designs have been proposed in the last decade, including graded structures that are suited to enhance tissue ingrowth. Most of these structures are based either on foams with a random pore definition, or on the periodic repetition of a unit cell (UC). These approaches are limited by the range of target porosities and obtained effective mechanical properties, and do not permit to easily generate a pore size gradient from the core to the periphery of the scaffold. In opposition, the objective of the present contribution is to propose a flexible design framework to generate various three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds structures including cylindrical graded scaffolds from the definition of a UC by making use of a non-periodic mapping. Conformal mappings are firstly used to generate graded circular cross-sections, while 3D structures are then obtained by stacking the cross-sections with or without a twist between different scaffold layers. The effective mechanical properties of different scaffold configurations are presented and compared using an energy-based efficient numerical method, pointing out the versatility of the design procedure to separately govern longitudinal and transverse anisotropic scaffold properties. Among these configurations, a helical structure exhibiting couplings between transverse and longitudinal properties is proposed and permits to extend the adaptability of the proposed framework. In order to investigate the capacity of common additive manufacturing techniques to fabricate the proposed structures, a subset of these configurations is elaborated using a standard SLA setup, and subjected to experimental mechanical testing. Despite observed geometric differences between the initial design and the actual obtained structures, the effective properties are satisfyingly predicted by the proposed computational method. Promising perspectives are offered concerning the design of self-fitting scaffolds with on-demand properties depending on the clinical application.
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Matheus HR, Hadad H, Monteiro JLGC, Takusagawa T, Zhang F, Ye Q, He Y, Rosales IA, Jounaidi Y, Randolph MA, Guastaldi FPS. Photo-crosslinked GelMA loaded with dental pulp stem cells and VEGF to repair critical-sized soft tissue defects in rats. JOURNAL OF STOMATOLOGY, ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY 2023; 124:101373. [PMID: 36584767 DOI: 10.1016/j.jormas.2022.101373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tissue engineering of skin and mucosa is essential for the esthetic and functional reconstruction of individuals disfigured by trauma, resection surgery, or severe burns while overcoming the limited amount of autograft and donor site morbidity. PURPOSE We aimed to determine whether a combination of Gelatin-methacryloyl (GelMA) hydrogel scaffold alone or loaded with either dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) and/or vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) could improve skin wound healing in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Four 10 mm full-thickness skin defects were created on the dorsum of 15 Sprague-Dawley rats. The wounds were treated with GelMA alone, GelMA+DPSCs, or GelMA+DPSCs+VEGF. Unprotected wounds were used as controls. Animals were euthanized at 1-, 2-, and 4 weeks post-surgery, and the healing wounds were harvested for clinical, histological, and RT-PCR analysis. RESULTS No signs of clinical inflammation were observed among all groups. Few and sparse mononuclear inflammatory cells were observed in GelMA+DPSCs and GelMA+DPSCs+VEGF groups at 2 weeks, with complete epithelialization of the wounds. At 4 weeks, the epidermis in GelMA+DPSCs and GelMA+DPSCs+VEGF groups was indistinguishable from the empty defect and GelMA groups. The decrease in cellularity and increase in density of collagen fibers were observed over time in both GelMA+DPSCs and GelMA+DPSCs+VEGF groups but were more evident in the GelMA+DPSCs+VEGF group. The GelMA+DPSCs+VEGF group showed a higher expression of the KER 10 gene at all time points compared with the other groups. Expression of Col1 A1 and TGFβ-1 were not statistically different over time neither among the groups. CONCLUSION GelMA scaffolds loaded with DPSCs, and VEGF accelerated the re-epithelialization of skin wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrique R Matheus
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, United States of America; Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, Periodontics Division, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - Henrique Hadad
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, United States of America; Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery Division, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - Joao L G C Monteiro
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Toru Takusagawa
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Fugui Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Qingsong Ye
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Yan He
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Ivy A Rosales
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Youssef Jounaidi
- Department of Anaesthesia, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Mark A Randolph
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Fernando P S Guastaldi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, United States of America.
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5
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Vernon MJ, Lu J, Padman B, Lamb C, Kent R, Mela P, Doyle B, Ihdayhid AR, Jansen S, Dilley RJ, De-Juan-Pardo EM. Engineering Heart Valve Interfaces Using Melt Electrowriting: Biomimetic Design Strategies from Multi-Modal Imaging. Adv Healthc Mater 2022; 11:e2201028. [PMID: 36300603 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202201028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Interfaces within biological tissues not only connect different regions but also contribute to the overall functionality of the tissue. This is especially true in the case of the aortic heart valve. Here, melt electrowriting (MEW) is used to engineer complex, user-defined, interfaces for heart valve scaffolds. First, a multi-modal imaging investigation into the interfacial regions of the valve reveals differences in collagen orientation, density, and recruitment in previously unexplored regions including the commissure and inter-leaflet triangle. Overlapping, suturing, and continuous printing methods for interfacing MEW scaffolds are then investigated for their morphological, tensile, and flexural properties, demonstrating the superior performance of continuous interfaces. G-codes for MEW scaffolds with complex interfaces are designed and generated using a novel software and graphical user interface. Finally, a singular MEW scaffold for the interfacial region of the aortic heart valve is presented incorporating continuous interfaces, gradient porosities, variable layer numbers across regions, and tailored fiber orientations inspired by the collagen distribution and orientation from the multi-modal imaging study. The scaffold exhibits similar yield strain, hysteresis, and relaxation behavior to porcine heart valves. This work demonstrates the ability of a bioinspired approach for MEW scaffold design to address the functional complexity of biological tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Vernon
- T3mPLATE, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, and UWA Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia.,Vascular Engineering Laboratory, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, and UWA Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia.,School of Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Jason Lu
- T3mPLATE, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, and UWA Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia.,School of Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Benjamin Padman
- Centre for Microscopy, Characterisation and Analysis, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Christopher Lamb
- T3mPLATE, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, and UWA Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia.,School of Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Ross Kent
- Regenerative Medicine Program, CIMA, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Navarra, 31008, Spain
| | - Petra Mela
- Medical Materials and Implants, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Munich Institute of Biomedical Engineering and TUM School of Engineering and Design, Technical University of Munich, Boltzmannstr. 15, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Barry Doyle
- Vascular Engineering Laboratory, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, and UWA Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia.,School of Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia.,Australian Research Council Centre for Personalised Therapeutics Technologies, Australian Research Council, Parkville, ACT, 2609, Australia.,British Heart Foundation Centre of Cardiovascular Science, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH1-3AT, UK
| | - Abdul Rahman Ihdayhid
- Department of Cardiology, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Perth, WA, 6150, Australia.,Curtin Medical School, Curtin University, Perth, WA, 6102, Australia
| | - Shirley Jansen
- Vascular Engineering Laboratory, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, and UWA Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia.,Curtin Medical School, Curtin University, Perth, WA, 6102, Australia.,Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia.,Heart and Vascular Research Institute, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Rodney J Dilley
- T3mPLATE, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, and UWA Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia.,School of Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Elena M De-Juan-Pardo
- T3mPLATE, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, and UWA Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia.,School of Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
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6
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McGue CM, Mañón VA, Viet CT. Advances in Tissue Engineering and Implications for Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstruction. JOURNAL OF THE CALIFORNIA DENTAL ASSOCIATION 2021; 49:685-694. [PMID: 34887651 PMCID: PMC8653764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reconstructive surgery in the oral and maxillofacial region poses many challenges due to the complexity of the facial skeleton and the presence of composite defects involving soft tissue, bone and nerve defects. METHODS Current methods of reconstruction include autologous grafting techniques with local or regional rotational flaps or microvascular free flaps, allografts, xenografts and prosthetic devices. RESULTS Tissue engineering therapies utilizing stem cells provide promise for enhancing the current reconstructive options. CONCLUSIONS This article is a review on tissue engineering strategies applicable to specialists who treat oral and maxillofacial defects. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS We review advancements in hard tissue regeneration for dental rehabilitation, soft tissue engineering, nerve regeneration and innovative strategies for reconstruction of major defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlyn M McGue
- Department of oral and maxillofacial surgery at the Loma Linda University School of Dentistry
| | - Victoria A Mañón
- Department of oral and maxillofacial surgery at the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Dentistry
| | - Chi T Viet
- Department of oral and maxillofacial surgery at the Loma Linda University School of Dentistry
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7
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Yang P, Zhou J, Ai Q, Yu B, Deng M, Luo F, Xie Z, Xing J, Hou T. Comparison of Individual Tissue-Engineered Bones and Allogeneic Bone in Treating Bone Defects: A Long-Term Follow-Up Study. Cell Transplant 2021; 29:963689720940722. [PMID: 32731815 PMCID: PMC7563814 DOI: 10.1177/0963689720940722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The treatment of bone defects has always been a challenge for orthopedic surgeons. The development of tissue engineering technology provides a novel method for repairing bone defects and has been used in animal experiments and clinical trials. However, there are few clinical studies on comparing the long-term outcomes of tissue-engineered bones (TEBs) and other bone grafts in treating bone defects, and the long-term efficiency of TEBs remains controversial. Therefore, a study designed by us was aimed to compare the long-term efficacy and safety of individual tissue-engineered bones (iTEBs) and allogeneic bone granules (ABGs) in treating bone defects caused by curettage of benign bone tumors and tumor-like lesions. From September 2003 to November 2009, 48 patients who received tumor curettage and bone grafting were analyzed with a mean follow-up of 122 mo (range 60 to 173 mo). Based on implant style, patients were divided into groups of iTEBs (n = 23) and ABGs (n = 25). Postoperatively, the healing time, healing quality, incidence of complications, and functional scores were compared between the two groups. The Musculoskeletal Tumor Society functional evaluation system and Activities of Daily Living Scale scores were significantly improved in both groups with no significant difference. The average healing time of ABGs was longer than that of iTEBs (P < 0.05). At the final follow-up, iTEBs had a better performance in the bone healing quality evaluated by modified Neer classification (P < 0.05). In the group of iTEBs, the complication and reoperation rate was lower than that in the group of ABGs, with no tumorigenesis or immune rejection observed. In summary, for treating bone defects caused by tumor curettage, iTEBs were safe, effective, and tagged with more rapid healing speed, better healing outcome, and lower complication and reoperation rate, in comparison with ABGs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Yang
- National & Regional United Engineering Lab of Tissue Engineering, Department of Orthopaedics, Southwest Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Center of Regenerative and Reconstructive Engineering Technology in Chongqing City, Chongqing, China.,Tissue Engineering Laboratory of Chongqing City, Chongqing, China.,Key Lab of Military Bone Tissue Engineering, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiangling Zhou
- National & Regional United Engineering Lab of Tissue Engineering, Department of Orthopaedics, Southwest Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Center of Regenerative and Reconstructive Engineering Technology in Chongqing City, Chongqing, China.,Tissue Engineering Laboratory of Chongqing City, Chongqing, China.,Key Lab of Military Bone Tissue Engineering, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qiuchi Ai
- National & Regional United Engineering Lab of Tissue Engineering, Department of Orthopaedics, Southwest Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Center of Regenerative and Reconstructive Engineering Technology in Chongqing City, Chongqing, China.,Tissue Engineering Laboratory of Chongqing City, Chongqing, China.,Key Lab of Military Bone Tissue Engineering, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Bo Yu
- National & Regional United Engineering Lab of Tissue Engineering, Department of Orthopaedics, Southwest Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Center of Regenerative and Reconstructive Engineering Technology in Chongqing City, Chongqing, China.,Tissue Engineering Laboratory of Chongqing City, Chongqing, China.,Key Lab of Military Bone Tissue Engineering, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Moyuan Deng
- National & Regional United Engineering Lab of Tissue Engineering, Department of Orthopaedics, Southwest Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Center of Regenerative and Reconstructive Engineering Technology in Chongqing City, Chongqing, China.,Tissue Engineering Laboratory of Chongqing City, Chongqing, China.,Key Lab of Military Bone Tissue Engineering, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Fei Luo
- National & Regional United Engineering Lab of Tissue Engineering, Department of Orthopaedics, Southwest Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Center of Regenerative and Reconstructive Engineering Technology in Chongqing City, Chongqing, China.,Tissue Engineering Laboratory of Chongqing City, Chongqing, China.,Key Lab of Military Bone Tissue Engineering, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhao Xie
- National & Regional United Engineering Lab of Tissue Engineering, Department of Orthopaedics, Southwest Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Center of Regenerative and Reconstructive Engineering Technology in Chongqing City, Chongqing, China.,Tissue Engineering Laboratory of Chongqing City, Chongqing, China.,Key Lab of Military Bone Tissue Engineering, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Junchao Xing
- National & Regional United Engineering Lab of Tissue Engineering, Department of Orthopaedics, Southwest Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Center of Regenerative and Reconstructive Engineering Technology in Chongqing City, Chongqing, China.,Tissue Engineering Laboratory of Chongqing City, Chongqing, China.,Key Lab of Military Bone Tissue Engineering, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Tianyong Hou
- National & Regional United Engineering Lab of Tissue Engineering, Department of Orthopaedics, Southwest Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Center of Regenerative and Reconstructive Engineering Technology in Chongqing City, Chongqing, China.,Tissue Engineering Laboratory of Chongqing City, Chongqing, China.,Key Lab of Military Bone Tissue Engineering, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
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8
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Tchoffo R, Ngassa GBP, Tonlé IK, Ngameni E. Electroanalysis of diquat using a glassy carbon electrode modified with natural hydroxyapatite and β-cyclodextrin composite. Talanta 2021; 222:121550. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2020.121550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Revised: 08/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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9
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Marschall JS, Kushner GM, Flint RL, Jones LC, Alpert B. Immediate Reconstruction of Segmental Mandibular Defects With Nonvascular Bone Grafts: A 30-Year Perspective. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2020; 78:2099.e1-2099.e9. [PMID: 33131550 DOI: 10.1016/j.joms.2020.03.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The use of nonvascular bone grafts for immediate mandibular reconstruction has remained a controversial topic. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the variables that might influence graft survival examining the outcomes from 30 years of experience. MATERIALS AND METHODS We designed a retrospective cohort study to analyze the data from patients at a tertiary university medical center who had undergone segmental mandibular resection with immediate reconstruction with a nonvascularized free bone graft with or without adjuncts from 1989 to 2019. The predictor variables recorded included general demographic data, pathologic diagnosis, resection length, reconstruction modality, bone graft type, and inferior alveolar nerve procedures. The primary outcome variable was graft success, defined as bony union demonstrated on panoramic radiographs and mandibular stability demonstrated on clinical examination at 4 months postoperatively. Descriptive, bivariate, and linear regression models were computed. RESULTS The sample included 47 subjects with a mean age of 43 ± 16 years; 51.1% were men. Of the 47 patients, 25 had a tissue diagnosis of benign tumor, most of which were ameloblastoma (n = 16) or ossifying fibroma (n = 6), and 22 had a tissue diagnosis of osteomyelitis or medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ). The average resection size for all the patients was 6.9 ± 2.5 cm and was 6.1 ± 1.5 cm for those with a benign tumor and 7.8 ± 3.1 cm for those with osteomyelitis or MRONJ. The mean defect size of grafts that failed was 10.7 ± 3.5 cm and 6.5 ± 2.0 cm for those that succeeded (P ≤ .001). A linear regression model revealed that graft length correlated significantly with graft outcome (β-coefficient, -0.548; 95% confidence interval, 0.905 to 1.542; P ≤ .001). CONCLUSIONS The results of our study have shown that nonvascular bone grafts can be used to immediately reconstruct mandibular defects greater than 6 cm from benign pathologic lesions; however, larger grafts are more likely to fail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey S Marschall
- Resident, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Louisville School of Dentistry, Louisville, KY.
| | - George M Kushner
- Professor, Chairman, and Program Director, Advanced Education Program in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Louisville School of Dentistry, Louisville, KY
| | - Robert L Flint
- Assistant Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Louisville School of Dentistry, Louisville, KY
| | - Lewis C Jones
- Formerly Assistant Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Louisville School of Dentistry, Louisville, KY
| | - Brian Alpert
- Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Louisville School of Dentistry; and Chief, Departments of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Dentistry, University of Louisville Hospital, Louisville, KY
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10
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Anand V, Vignesh U, Mehrotra D, Kumar S. Evaluation of bone formation using recombinant human bone morphogenetic proteins-7 in small maxillofacial bony defects. J Oral Maxillofac Pathol 2019; 23:208-212. [PMID: 31516225 PMCID: PMC6714274 DOI: 10.4103/jomfp.jomfp_292_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Context Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMP) are multifunctional molecules of transforming growth factor-β superfamily that induces the differentiation of fibroblasts into osteoblasts to form bone. Aims This study was undertaken to evaluate the effects of recombinant human BMP-7 (rhBMP-7) in bone healing of small maxillofacial bone defects and assess the serum levels of osteopontin (OPN) and receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL) biomarkers for bone remodeling. Materials and Methods Twenty patients with small maxillofacial bony defects were enrolled in this study and randomly allocated to two groups; wherein after apicoectomy of the involved teeth, the control group had defect filled with collagen sponge only while the experimental group had rhBMP-7 impregnated collagen sponge placed in the defect. Results The clinical parameters showed no significant difference between the two groups (P > 0.05). The radiographic parameters showed a significantly slower rate of reduction in bone defect volume (P < 0.01) in control group than the experimental group when followed at 2, 4 and 24 postoperative weeks. RANKL and OPN serum levels showed no significant changes in pre- and post-operative stage. Conclusion This study confirms that rhBMP-7 in collagen definitely accelerates bone healing in maxillofacial bone defects and minimizes postoperative complications. RANKL and OPN biomarkers in serum may not show bone remodeling, hence tissue samples may be used to assess their levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vaibhav Anand
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, King George Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - U Vignesh
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, King George Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Divya Mehrotra
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, King George Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sumit Kumar
- Department of Health Research-Multidisciplinary Research Unit, King George Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Abstract
Autogenous or alloplastic bone grafts are routinely applied for reconstruction of cystic bone defects. Addition of mesenchymal bone marrow stem cell in osteoconductive alloplastic bone makes it osteoinductive and osteogenic. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of bone marrow aspirate in regenerating new bone with hydroxyapatite collagen scaffold in patients with large cystic maxillofacial defects. This prospective randomized study had random allocation of 15 patients with large cystic maxillofacial bony defects in each of the 2 groups. Group I patients received hydroxyapatite granules and bone marrow aspirate in collagen sponge and group II received hydroxyapatite granules only. Clinical and radiologic assessment showed the time taken in bone healing. In group I, the bone defect volume reduction was statistically significant at 3 and 6 months, the postoperative pain and swelling was less, and there was no tooth mobility at 3 months. The authors concluded that use of hydroxyapatite granules with bone marrow aspirate in collagen sponge in maxillofacial bone defects provided early bone regeneration, and faster wound healing. However, to arrive at a definitive conclusion a long-term study with a larger sample size is required.
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12
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Zhang Q, Wu W, Qian C, Xiao W, Zhu H, Guo J, Meng Z, Zhu J, Ge Z, Cui W. Advanced biomaterials for repairing and reconstruction of mandibular defects. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2019; 103:109858. [PMID: 31349473 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.109858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Revised: 05/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Mandibles are the largest and strongest bone in the human face and are often severely compromised by mandibular defects, compromising the quality of life of patients. Mandibular defects may result from trauma, inflammatory disease and benign or malignant tumours. The reconstruction of mandibular defect has been a research hotspot in oral and maxillofacial surgery. Although the principles and techniques of mandibular reconstruction have made great progress in recent years, the development of biomedical materials is still facing technical bottleneck, and new materials directly affect technological breakthroughs in this field. This paper reviews the current status of research and application of various biomaterials in mandibular defects and systematically elaborates different allogeneic biomaterial-based approaches. It is expected that various biomaterials, in combination with new technologies such as digital navigation and 3D printing, could be tuned to build new types of scaffold with more precise structure and components, addressing needs of surgery and post-reconstruction. With the illustration and systematization of different solutions, aims to inspire the development of reconstruction biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, 368 Hanjiang Middle Road, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225000, PR China; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, 188 Shizi St, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, PR China
| | - Wei Wu
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, 368 Hanjiang Middle Road, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225000, PR China
| | - Chunyu Qian
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, 188 Shizi St, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, PR China
| | - Wanshu Xiao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, 188 Shizi St, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, PR China
| | - Huajun Zhu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, 188 Shizi St, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, PR China
| | - Jun Guo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, 368 Hanjiang Middle Road, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225000, PR China
| | - Zhibing Meng
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, 368 Hanjiang Middle Road, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225000, PR China
| | - Jinyue Zhu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, 368 Hanjiang Middle Road, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225000, PR China
| | - Zili Ge
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, 188 Shizi St, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, PR China.
| | - Wenguo Cui
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai 200025, PR China.
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Baudequin T, Legallais C, Bedoui F. In Vitro Bone Cell Response to Tensile Mechanical Solicitations: Is There an Optimal Protocol? Biotechnol J 2018; 14:e1800358. [PMID: 30350925 DOI: 10.1002/biot.201800358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Revised: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Bone remodeling is strongly linked to external mechanical signals. Such stimuli are widely used in vitro for bone tissue engineering by applying mechanical solicitations to cell cultures so as to trigger specific cell responses. However, the literature highlights considerable variability in devices and protocols. Here the major biological, mechanical, and technical parameters implemented for in vitro tensile loading applications are reviewed. The objective is to identify which values are used most, and whether there is an optimal protocol to obtain a functional tissue-engineering construct. First, a shift that occurred from fundamental comprehension of bone formation, to its application in rebuilt tissues and clinical fields is shown. Despite the lack of standardized protocols, consensual conditions relevant for in vitro bone development, in particular cell differentiation, could be highlighted. Culture processes are guided by physiological considerations, although out-of-range conditions are sometimes used without implying negative results for the development of rebuilt tissue. Consensus can be found on several parameters, such as strain frequency (1 Hz) or the use of rest periods, but other points have not yet been fully established, especially synergies with other solicitations. It is believed that the present work will be useful to develop new tissue-engineering processes based on stretching.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothée Baudequin
- Sorbonne Universités, Université de Technologie de Compiègne, CNRS, UMR 7338 Biomécanique - Bioingénierie, Compiègne 60205, France
| | - Cécile Legallais
- Sorbonne Universités, Université de Technologie de Compiègne, CNRS, UMR 7338 Biomécanique - Bioingénierie, Compiègne 60205, France
| | - Fahmi Bedoui
- Sorbonne Universités, Université de Technologie de Compiègne, CNRS, UMR 7337 Laboratoire Roberval, Compiègne 60205, France
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Van Assche N, Fickl S, Francisco H, Gurzawska K, Milinkovic I, Navarro JM, Torsello F, Thoma DS. Guidelines for development of Implant Dentistry in the next 10 years regarding innovation, education, certification, and associations. Clin Oral Implants Res 2018; 29:568-575. [PMID: 30240052 DOI: 10.1111/clr.13154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND During the third Summer Camp of European Association of Osseointegration (EAO), 40 junior representatives from various European societies and associations were brought together to discuss and explore the following topics in Implant Dentistry in the next 10 years: (I) certification, (II) societies and associations, (III) continuing education, and (IV) innovations. AIMS The aims of all working groups were to identify and outline the present situation in the area of the selected topic and to propose improvements and innovations to be implemented in the following 10 years. MATERIALS AND METHODS Four different groups were assigned randomly to one of the four working units. The method to discuss the selected topics was World Cafè. The summaries of four topics were then given to all participants for peer review. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS All four groups presented the conclusions and guidelines accordingly: (I) The recognition for Implant Dentistry and accreditation of training programs would lead to an improvement of the quality of care to the benefit of the patients; (II) Dental associations and societies have to continuously improve communication to meet needs of dental students, professionals, and patients (III) European Dental Board should be installed and become responsible for continue dental education; (IV) dental engineering, peri-implant diseases, and digital workflow in dentistry currently have limited tools that do not guarantee predictable results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nele Van Assche
- Private Practice, Periodontology Including Implant Treatments, Geel, Belgium
| | - Stefan Fickl
- Department of Periodontology, University of Wurzburg, Wurzburg, Germany
| | | | - Katarzyna Gurzawska
- Department of Oral Surgery, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Iva Milinkovic
- Department of Periodontology, Belgrade School of Dentistry, Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | | | - Daniel S Thoma
- Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Suarez-Franco JL, Vázquez-Vázquez FC, Pozos-Guillen A, Montesinos JJ, Alvarez-Fregoso O, Alvarez-Perez MA. Influence of diameter of fiber membrane scaffolds on the biocompatibility of hPDL mesenchymal stromal cells. Dent Mater J 2018; 37:465-473. [PMID: 29553121 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2016-329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluated the influence in the biocompatibility of human periodontal ligament (hPDL) mesenchymal stromal cell onto poly lactic-acid (PLA) films and PLA fiber membrane. Fiber scaffold was prepared via air jet spinning (AJS) from PLA solutions (6, 7, and 10%) and analyzed using SEM, AFM and FTIR. Biocompatibility was evaluated by adhesion, proliferation and cell-material interaction. PLA film exhibited a smooth and homogenously surface topography in comparison with random orientation of PLA fiber with roughness structure where diameter size depends on PLA solution. Moreover, cell adhesion; proliferation and cell-material interaction has the best respond on random orientation nanofiber of 10, followed by 7, and 6% of PLA in comparison with PLA films. It could be concluded that AJS is an attractive alternative technique for manufacture fiber scaffolds with a tunable random orientation geometry of fibers that allow to produce interconnected porous formed by nanometric fiber diameter structures that could be a potential scaffold for periodontal tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Luis Suarez-Franco
- Tissue Bioengineering Laboratory, Division of Graduate Studies and Research of the Faculty of Dentistry, UNAM
| | | | - Amaury Pozos-Guillen
- Basic Science Laboratory, Faculty of Stomatology, Autonomous University of San Luis Potosi
| | - Juan José Montesinos
- Mesenchymal Stem Cells Laboratory, Oncology Research Unit, Oncology Hospital, National Medical Center, IMSS
| | | | - Marco Antonio Alvarez-Perez
- Tissue Bioengineering Laboratory, Division of Graduate Studies and Research of the Faculty of Dentistry, UNAM
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Baudequin T, Tabrizian M. Multilineage Constructs for Scaffold-Based Tissue Engineering: A Review of Tissue-Specific Challenges. Adv Healthc Mater 2018; 7. [PMID: 29193897 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201700734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Revised: 09/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
There is a growing interest in the regeneration of tissue in interfacial regions, where biological, physical, and chemical attributes vary across tissue type. The simultaneous use of distinct cell lineages can help in developing in vitro structures, analogous to native composite tissues. This literature review gathers the recent reports that have investigated multiple cell types of various sources and lineages in a coculture system for tissue-engineered constructs. Such studies aim at mimicking the native organization of tissues and their interfaces, and/or to improve the development of complex tissue substitutes. This paper thus distinguishes itself from those focusing on technical aspects of coculturing for a single specific tissue. The first part of this review is dedicated to variables of cocultured tissue engineering such as scaffold, cells, and in vitro culture environment. Next, tissue-specific coculture methods and approaches are covered for the most studied tissues. Finally, cross-analysis is performed to highlight emerging trends in coculture principles and to discuss how tissue-specific challenges can inspire new approaches for regeneration of different interfaces to improve the outcomes of various tissue engineering strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothée Baudequin
- Faculty of Medicine; Biomat'X Laboratory; Department of Biomedical Engineering; McGill University; 740 ave. Dr. Penfield, Room 4300 Montréal QC H3A 0G1 Québec Canada
| | - Maryam Tabrizian
- Faculty of Medicine; Biomat'X Laboratory; Department of Biomedical Engineering; McGill University; 740 ave. Dr. Penfield, Room 4300 Montréal QC H3A 0G1 Québec Canada
- Faculty of Dentistry; McGill University; 3775 rue University, Room 313/308B Montréal QC H3A 2B4 Québec Canada
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Vadepally AK, Sinha R. What Surgical Education the Speciality Offers? Perception of Role of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery by 1200 Healthcare Professionals, Students and the General Public in Hyderabad, India. J Maxillofac Oral Surg 2017; 17:182-187. [PMID: 29618883 DOI: 10.1007/s12663-017-1050-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 10/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim To investigate the perception of Oral and maxillofacial surgery by healthcare professionals, students and general public. Materials and Methods A questionnaire form was created that listed ten clinical situations, and given by hand to 1200 individuals, divided into six groups: group 1, medical professionals; group 2, Specialties of dentistry; group 3, general dentists; group 4, medical students; group 5, dental students; and group 6, general public, each comprising 200 individuals. Respondents were asked to indicate who they would expect to treat them if they had one of the specified conditions listed in the questionnaire. We present the results and current awareness levels of this simple questionnaire. The present study addresses the common issue raised by many authors, 'What surgical education the speciality offers?' especially to medical professionals, medical students and general public to enhance an appropriate referral. Results Most of the respondents in groups 2, 3 and 5 agreed that specific conditions listed in the questionnaire were within the domain of oral and maxillofacial surgery, but such response was not seen in groups 1, 4 and 6 (p < 0.001). An overall awareness level of oral and maxillofacial surgery was found to be 50.2%. Conclusion The onus of creating and improving the awareness and perception of our specialty lies on oral and maxillofacial surgeon. Unified efforts at individual as well as global level will help achieve this goal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashwant Kumar Vadepally
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sri Sai Collage of Dental Surgery, Vikarabad, Telangana India
| | - Ramen Sinha
- 2Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sri Sai College of Dental Surgery, Vikarabad, Telangana India
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Frassanito P, Tamburrini G, Massimi L, Peraio S, Caldarelli M, Di Rocco C. Problems of reconstructive cranioplasty after traumatic brain injury in children. Childs Nerv Syst 2017; 33:1759-1768. [PMID: 29149388 DOI: 10.1007/s00381-017-3541-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Cranial repair after traumatic brain injury in children is still burdened by unsolved problems and controversial issues, mainly due to the high rate of resorption of autologous bone as well as the absence of valid alternative material to replace the autologous bone. Indeed, inert biomaterials are associated to satisfactory results in the short period but bear the continuous risk of complications related to the lack of osteointegration capacity. Biomimetic materials claiming osteoconductive properties that could balance their mechanical limits seem to allow good cranial bone reconstruction. However, these results should be confirmed in the long term and in larger series. Further complicating factors that may affect cranial reconstruction after head injury should be identified in the possible associated alterations of CSF dynamics and in difficulties to manage the traumatic skin lesion and the surgical wound, which also might impact on the cranioplasty outcome. All the abovementioned considerations should be taken into account when dealing with the cranial reconstruction after decompressive craniectomy in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Frassanito
- Pediatric Neurosurgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, Catholic University Medical School, Largo A. Gemelli, 8, 00168, Rome, Italy.
| | - Gianpiero Tamburrini
- Pediatric Neurosurgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, Catholic University Medical School, Largo A. Gemelli, 8, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Massimi
- Pediatric Neurosurgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, Catholic University Medical School, Largo A. Gemelli, 8, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Simone Peraio
- Pediatric Neurosurgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, Catholic University Medical School, Largo A. Gemelli, 8, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Massimo Caldarelli
- Pediatric Neurosurgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, Catholic University Medical School, Largo A. Gemelli, 8, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Concezio Di Rocco
- Department of Neurosurgery, International Neuroscience Institute, Hannover, Germany
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Abstract
There is a recognized need to reconstruct and restore complex craniomaxillofacial soft tissues. The objective of this article is to focus on the role that tissue engineering/regenerative medicine can play in addressing various barriers (vascularity, tissue bulk, volitional control, and esthetics) and impediments (timing, regional applicability/dissemination, and regulation by the US Food and Drug Administration) to optimal tissue reconstruction of complex soft tissue structures. We will use the lips as an example to illustrate our points.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roderick Youngdo Kim
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Michigan Health System, Towsley Center Rm G1114, 1515 East Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-5222, USA
| | - Sam Seoho Bae
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Michigan Health System, Towsley Center Rm G1114, 1515 East Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-5222, USA
| | - Stephen Elliott Feinberg
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Michigan Health System, Towsley Center Rm G1114, 1515 East Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-5222, USA.
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Wiltfang J, Rohnen M, Egberts JH, Lützen U, Wieker H, Açil Y, Naujokat H. Man as a Living Bioreactor: Prefabrication of a Custom Vascularized Bone Graft in the Gastrocolic Omentum. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2016; 22:740-6. [PMID: 27317022 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2015.0501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Reconstruction of critical-size jaw defects still remains challenging. The standard treatment today is transplantation of autologous bone grafts, which is associated with high donor-site morbidity and unsatisfactory outcomes. We aimed to reconstruct a mandibular discontinuity defect after ablative surgery using the gastrocolic omentum as a bioreactor for heterotopic ossification. Three-dimensional computed tomography data were used to produce an ideal virtual replacement for the mandibular defect. A titanium mesh cage was filled with bone mineral blocks, infiltrated with 12 mg of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 2, and enriched with bone marrow aspirate. The scaffold was implanted into the gastrocolic omentum, and 3 months later, a free flap was harvested to reconstruct the mandibular defect. In vivo single photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography revealed bone remodeling and mineralization inside the mandibular transplant during prefabrication and after transplantation. Reconstruction was possible without any further modifications of the graft. A histological evaluation revealed that large sections of the Bio-Oss material were covered with osteoid matrix 3 months after transplantation. The quality of life of the patient significantly increased with acquisition of the ability to masticate and the improvement in pronunciation and aesthetics. Heterotopic bone induction to form a mandibular replacement inside the gastrocolic omentum is possible in human subjects. Heterotopic prefabrication is associated with many advantages, like allowing a reduced operative burden compared with conventional techniques and good three-dimensional outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jörg Wiltfang
- 1 Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein , Kiel, Germany
| | - Michael Rohnen
- 1 Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein , Kiel, Germany
| | - Jan-Hendrik Egberts
- 2 Department of General, Visceral, Thoracic, Transplantation, and Paediatric Surgery, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein , Kiel, Germany
| | - Ulf Lützen
- 3 Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein , Kiel, Germany
| | - Henning Wieker
- 1 Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein , Kiel, Germany
| | - Yahya Açil
- 1 Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein , Kiel, Germany
| | - Hendrik Naujokat
- 1 Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein , Kiel, Germany
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Yi J, Xiong F, Li B, Chen H, Yin Y, Dai H, Li S. Degradation characteristics, cell viability and host tissue responses of PDLLA-based scaffold with PRGD and β-TCP nanoparticles incorporation. Regen Biomater 2016; 3:159-66. [PMID: 27252885 PMCID: PMC4881616 DOI: 10.1093/rb/rbw017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Revised: 02/27/2016] [Accepted: 03/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
This study is aimed to evaluate the degradation characteristics, cell viability and host tissue responses of PDLLA/PRGD/β-TCP (PRT) composite nerve scaffold, which was fabricated by poly(d, l-lactic acid) (PDLLA), RGD peptide(Gly-Arg-Gly-Asp-Tyr, GRGDY, abbreviated as RGD) modified poly-{(lactic acid)-co-[(glycolic acid)-alt-(l-lysine)]}(PRGD) and β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP). The scaffolds’ in vitro degradation behaviors were investigated in detail by analysing changes in weight loss, pH and morphology. Then, the 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl) -2,5-diphenyl-2 -H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and cell live/dead assay were carried out to assess their cell viability. Moreover, in vivo degradation patterns and host inflammation responses were monitored by subcutaneous implantation of PRT scaffold in rats. Our data showed that, among the tested scaffolds, the PRT scaffold had the best buffering capacity (pH = 6.1–6.3) and fastest degradation rate (12.4%, 8 weeks) during in vitro study, which was contributed by the incorporation of β-TCP nanoparticles. After in vitro and in vivo degradation, the high porosity structure of PRT could be observed using scanning electron microscopy. Meanwhile, the PRT scaffold could significantly promote cell survival. In the PRT scaffold implantation region, less inflammatory cells (especially for neutrophil and lymphocyte) could be detected. These results indicated that the PRT composite scaffold had a good biodegradable property; it could improve cells survival and reduced the adverse host tissue inflammation responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiling Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Feng Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Binbin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Heping Chen
- School of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Yixia Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Honglian Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Shipu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
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22
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Titanium cranioplasty in children and adolescents. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 2016; 44:789-94. [PMID: 27174495 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcms.2016.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2015] [Revised: 03/17/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Full thickness calvarial defects present considerable challenges to reconstructive surgeons. In paediatric cases, the use of biomaterials as a substrate for cranioplasty rather than autologous bone is controversial. Alloplastic cranioplasty in adults is supported by several large case series however long term outcome of biomaterial use in paediatric cases is limited. Retrospective seven year analysis of departmental database and clinical records identified 22 patients aged under 18 who had undergone 23 custom made titanium cranioplasties by a single surgeon using the same technique. Data including patient demographics, reason for craniectomy and complications experienced following surgery was obtained. The mean age at operation was 12 years 9 months. The mean defect size was 44.3 cm(2). No significant complications related to the cranioplasty were recorded in the early post operative period or during long term review (average follow up 4 years 6 months). No cranioplasty implant required removal. This retrospective case series shows that custom made patient specific titanium cranioplasty is a viable alternative to autologous bone as a reconstructive material in paediatric patients under specific circumstances.
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23
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Mandibular Tissue Engineering: Past, Present, Future. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2016; 73:S136-46. [PMID: 26608143 DOI: 10.1016/j.joms.2015.05.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2015] [Accepted: 05/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Almost 2 decades ago, the senior author's (M.T.J.) first article was with our mentor, Dr Leonard B. Kaban, a review article titled "Distraction Osteogenesis: Past, Present, Future." In 1998, many thought it would be impossible to have a remotely activated, small, curvilinear distractor that could be placed using endoscopic techniques. Currently, a U.S. patent for a curvilinear automated device and endoscopic techniques for minimally invasive access for jaw reconstruction exist. With minimally invasive access for jaw reconstruction, the burden to decrease donor site morbidity has increased. Distraction osteogenesis (DO) is an in vivo form of tissue engineering. The DO technique eliminates a donor site, is less invasive, requires a shorter operative time than usual procedures, and can be used for multiple reconstruction applications. Tissue engineering could further reduce morbidity and cost and increase treatment availability. The purpose of the present report was to review our experience with tissue engineering of bone: the past, present, and our vision for the future. The present report serves as a tribute to our mentor and acknowledges Dr Kaban for his incessant tutelage, guidance, wisdom, and boundless vision.
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24
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Jung O, Smeets R, Porchetta D, Kopp A, Ptock C, Müller U, Heiland M, Schwade M, Behr B, Kröger N, Kluwe L, Hanken H, Hartjen P. Optimized in vitro procedure for assessing the cytocompatibility of magnesium-based biomaterials. Acta Biomater 2015; 23:354-363. [PMID: 26073090 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2015.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2014] [Revised: 05/15/2015] [Accepted: 06/04/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Magnesium (Mg) is a promising biomaterial for degradable implant applications that has been extensively studied in vitro and in vivo in recent years. In this study, we developed a procedure that allows an optimized and uniform in vitro assessment of the cytocompatibility of Mg-based materials while respecting the standard protocol DIN EN ISO 10993-5:2009. The mouse fibroblast line L-929 was chosen as the preferred assay cell line and MEM supplemented with 10% FCS, penicillin/streptomycin and 4mM l-glutamine as the favored assay medium. The procedure consists of (1) an indirect assessment of effects of soluble Mg corrosion products in material extracts and (2) a direct assessment of the surface compatibility in terms of cell attachment and cytotoxicity originating from active corrosion processes. The indirect assessment allows the quantification of cell-proliferation (BrdU-assay), viability (XTT-assay) as well as cytotoxicity (LDH-assay) of the mouse fibroblasts incubated with material extracts. Direct assessment visualizes cells attached to the test materials by means of live-dead staining. The colorimetric assays and the visual evaluation complement each other and the combination of both provides an optimized and simple procedure for assessing the cytocompatibility of Mg-based biomaterials in vitro.
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25
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Baudequin T, Bedoui F, Dufresne M, Paullier P, Legallais C. Towards the Development and Characterization of an Easy Handling Sheet-Like Biohybrid Bone Substitute. Tissue Eng Part A 2015; 21:1895-905. [DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2014.0580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Timothée Baudequin
- Sorbonne Universités, Université de Technologie de Compiègne, UMR CNRS 7338 Laboratoire de Biomécanique et Bioingénierie, Compiègne, France
| | - Fahmi Bedoui
- Sorbonne Universités, Université de Technologie de Compiègne, UMR CNRS 7337 Laboratoire de Mécanique Roberval, Compiègne, France
| | - Murielle Dufresne
- Sorbonne Universités, Université de Technologie de Compiègne, UMR CNRS 7338 Laboratoire de Biomécanique et Bioingénierie, Compiègne, France
| | - Patrick Paullier
- Sorbonne Universités, Université de Technologie de Compiègne, UMR CNRS 7338 Laboratoire de Biomécanique et Bioingénierie, Compiègne, France
| | - Cécile Legallais
- Sorbonne Universités, Université de Technologie de Compiègne, UMR CNRS 7338 Laboratoire de Biomécanique et Bioingénierie, Compiègne, France
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26
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Rao M. National Institutes of Health: a catalyst in advancing regenerative medicine science into practice. Mayo Clin Proc 2015; 90:672-9. [PMID: 25939939 DOI: 10.1016/j.mayocp.2013.05.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2013] [Accepted: 05/30/2013] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The stem cell domain of the regenerative medicine field has seen fundamental changes initiated by seminal discoveries in cell biology, genetic engineering, and whole genome sequencing. Many of these discoveries were funded in part by the National Institutes of Health (NIH), and the NIH remains a leader in supporting research in the United States. However, as the field has developed, the NIH has responded proactively to identify roadblocks and to develop solutions that will accelerate translation of basic discoveries to the clinical setting. These activities range from organizing specialized workshops and coordinating activities among international organizations and the different arms of the government to funding small-scale industry. In addition, the NIH has been a key driver in providing needed infrastructure in areas in which the private sector has been unable to, or does not believe it can, invest. These activities of the NIH are as important as its traditional funding role, and I believe they have contributed to the innovation and rapid pace of discovery in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahendra Rao
- National Institutes of Health Center for Regenerative Medicine, Bethesda, MD.
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27
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Tissue-engineered bone with 3-dimensionally printed β-tricalcium phosphate and polycaprolactone scaffolds and early implantation: an in vivo pilot study in a porcine mandible model. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2015; 73:1016.e1-1016.e11. [PMID: 25883004 DOI: 10.1016/j.joms.2015.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2014] [Revised: 01/25/2015] [Accepted: 01/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Deep bone penetration into implanted scaffolds remains a challenge in tissue engineering. The purpose of this study was to evaluate bone penetration depth within 3-dimensionally (3D) printed β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) and polycaprolactone (PCL) scaffolds, seeded with porcine bone marrow progenitor cells (pBMPCs), and implanted early in vivo. MATERIALS AND METHODS Scaffolds were 3D printed with 50% β-TCP and 50% PCL. The pBMPCs were harvested, isolated, expanded, and differentiated into osteoblasts. Cells were seeded into the scaffolds and constructs were incubated in a rotational oxygen-permeable bioreactor system for 14 days. Six 2- × 2-cm defects were created in each mandible (N = 2 minipigs). In total, 6 constructs were placed within defects and 6 defects were used as controls (unseeded scaffolds, n = 3; empty defects, n = 3). Eight weeks after surgery, specimens were harvested and analyzed by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI), and CD31 staining. Analysis included cell counts, bone penetration, and angiogenesis at the center of the specimens. RESULTS All specimens (N = 12) showed bone formation similar to native bone at the periphery. Of 6 constructs, 4 exhibited bone formation in the center. Histomorphometric analysis of the H&E-stained sections showed an average of 22.1% of bone in the center of the constructs group compared with 1.87% in the unseeded scaffolds (P < .05). The 2 remaining constructs, which did not display areas of mature bone in the center, showed massive cell penetration depth by DAPI staining, with an average of 2,109 cells/0.57 mm(2) in the center compared with 1,114 cells/0.57 mm(2) in the controls (P < .05). CD31 expression was greater in the center of the constructs compared with the unseeded scaffolds (P < .05). CONCLUSION 3D printed β-TCP and PCL scaffolds seeded with pBMPCs and implanted early into porcine mandibular defects display good bone penetration depth. Further study with a larger sample and larger bone defects should be performed before human applications.
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28
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Rao M. National Institutes of Health Center for Regenerative Medicine: putting science into practice. Stem Cells Dev 2014; 22 Suppl 1:4-7. [PMID: 24304067 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2013.0437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The field of regenerative medicine has been revolutionized by breakthroughs in stem cell biology, gene engineering, and whole-genome sequencing. These advances are not only scientific or medical but have also advanced how we conceptualize regenerative medicine. The progenitive research that proceeded as well as a substantial part of the funding that supported these discoveries were provided by the National Institutes of Health (NIH). Now, perhaps more than ever, the NIH has a vital role to play in the translation of science into clinical practice. The NIH is uniquely positioned to coordinate interactions between the different institutes and other arms of the government, as well as international organizations. Efforts of researchers in the United States both within and without the NIH are supported by a number of mechanisms, including specialized workshops, and the support of developing small-scale industry. Additionally, the NIH has stepped up to provide necessary infrastructure in areas of regenerative medicine where the medical need might be apparent but might be currently infeasible or unattractive to private-sector investment. This article will discuss these perhaps lesser-known activities of the NIH, which I believe have continued and will continue to contribute to the role of stem cell research in translating science into regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahendra Rao
- NIH Center for Regenerative Medicine , Bethesda, Maryland
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29
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Abstract
Craniofacial soft tissue reconstruction may be required following trauma, tumor resection, and to repair congenital deformities. Recent advances in the field of tissue engineering have significantly widened the reconstructive armamentarium of the surgeon. The successful identification and combination of tissue engineering, scaffold, progenitor cells, and physiologic signaling molecules has enabled the surgeon to design, recreate the missing tissue in its near natural form. This has resolved the issues like graft rejection, wound dehiscence, or poor vascularity. Successfully reconstructed tissue through soft tissue engineering protocols would help surgeon to restore the form and function of the lost tissue in its originality. This manuscript intends to provide a glimpse of the basic principle of tissue engineering, contemporary, and future direction of this field as applied to craniofacial surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roderick Y Kim
- Department of Surgery, Section of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School and School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Anthony C Fasi
- Department of Surgery, Section of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School and School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Stephen E Feinberg
- Department of Surgery, Section of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School and School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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