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Ji X, Liu K, Li Q, Shen Q, Han F, Ye Q, Zheng C. A Mini-Review of Flavone Isomers Apigenin and Genistein in Prostate Cancer Treatment. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:851589. [PMID: 35359832 PMCID: PMC8962830 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.851589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The initial responses to standard chemotherapies among prostate cancer (PCa) patients are usually significant, while most of them will finally develop drug resistance, rendering them with limited therapies. To discover new regimens for the treatment of PCa including resistant PCa, natural products, the richest source of bioactive compounds, can serve as a library for screening and identifying promising candidates, and flavones such as apigenin and genistein have been used in lab and clinical trials for treating PCa over decades. In this mini-review, we take a look into the progress of apigenin and genistein, which are isomers, in treating PCa in the past decade. While possessing very similar structure, these two isomers can both target the same signaling pathways; they also are found to work differently in PCa cells. Given that more combinations are being developed and tested, genistein appears to be the more promising option to be approved. The anticancer efficacies of these two flavones can be confirmed by in-vitro and in-vivo studies, and their applications remain to be validated in clinical trials. Information gained in this work may provide important information for new drug development and the potential application of apigenin and genistein in treating PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaozhen Ji
- Hainan General Hospital and Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Kai Liu
- Hainan General Hospital and Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Qingyue Li
- Hainan General Hospital and Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Qun Shen
- Hainan General Hospital and Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Fangxuan Han
- Hainan General Hospital and Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Qingmei Ye
- Hainan General Hospital and Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Plant Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Plant Chemistry of Hainan Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, China
- *Correspondence: Qingmei Ye, ; Caijuan Zheng,
| | - Caijuan Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Plant Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Plant Chemistry of Hainan Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, China
- *Correspondence: Qingmei Ye, ; Caijuan Zheng,
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Lv S, Luo T, Yang Y, Li Y, Yang J, Xu J, Zheng J, Zeng Y. Naa10p and IKKα interaction regulates EMT in oral squamous cell carcinoma via TGF-β1/Smad pathway. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:6760-6772. [PMID: 34060226 PMCID: PMC8278082 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) has been contributed to increase migration and invasion of cancer cells. However, the correlate of Naa10p and IKKα with EMT in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is not yet fully understood. In our present study, we found N‐α‐acetyltransferase 10 protein (Naa10p) and IκB kinase α (IKKα) were abnormally abundant in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Bioinformatic results indicate that the expression of Naa10p and IKKα is correlated with TGF‐β1/Smad and EMT‐related molecules. The Transwell migration, invasion, qRT‐PCR and Western blot assay indicated that Naa10p repressed OSCC cell migration, invasion and EMT, whereas IKKα promoted TGF‐β1–mediated OSCC cell migration, invasion and EMT. Mechanistically, Naa10p inhibited IKKα activation of Smad3 through the interaction with IKKα directly in OSCC cells after TGF‐β1 stimulation. Notably, knockdown of Naa10p reversed the IKKα‐induced change in the migration, invasion and EMT‐related molecules in OSCC cells after TGF‐β1 stimulation. These findings suggest that Naa10p interacted with IKKα mediates EMT in OSCC cells through TGF‐β1/Smad, a novel pathway for preventing OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sai Lv
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Disease, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China.,Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Ting Luo
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Disease, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Yongyong Yang
- Department of Urology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Yuqing Li
- Department of Urological Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jie Yang
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Disease, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China.,Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Jiang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Disease, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China.,Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Jun Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Disease, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China.,Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Yan Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Disease, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China.,Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
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