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Kongsung S, Inthachat W, Chantong B, Suttisansanee U, On-Nom N, Chupeerach C, Thangsiri S, Pitchakarn P, Temviriyanukul P. Box-Behnken Design-Based Optimization of Phytochemical Extraction from Diplazium esculentum (Retz.) Sw. Associated with Its Antioxidant and Anti-Alzheimer's Properties. Molecules 2024; 29:2204. [PMID: 38792065 PMCID: PMC11124457 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29102204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
A previous study reported that the ethanolic extract of the edible fern, Diplazium esculentum (Retz.) Sw. (DE), obtained from a non-optimized extraction condition exhibited anti-Alzheimer's disease (AD) properties through the inhibition of a rate-limiting enzyme in amyloid peptide formation, β-secretase-1 (BACE-1). Nevertheless, a non-optimized or suboptimal extraction may lead to several issues, such as a reduction in extraction efficiency and increased time and plant materials. In this study, extraction of the DE was optimized to obtain appropriate BACE-1 inhibition using a Box-Behnken design (BBD) and response surface methodology (RSM). Data revealed that the optimal extraction condition was 70% (v/v) aqueous ethanol, 50 min extraction time, 30 °C extraction temperature, and 1:30 g/mL solid/liquid ratio, giving BACE-1 inhibition at 56.33%. In addition, the extract also exhibited significant antioxidant activities compared to the non-optimized extraction. Metabolomic phytochemical profiles and targeted phytochemical analyses showed that kaempferol, quercetin, and their derivatives as well as rosmarinic acid were abundant in the extract. The optimized DE extract also acted synergistically with donepezil, an AD drug suppressing BACE-1 activities. Data received from Drosophila-expressing human amyloid precursor proteins (APPs) and BACE-1, representing the amyloid hypothesis, showed that the optimized DE extract penetrated the fly brains, suppressed BACE-1 activities, and improved locomotor functions. The extract quenched the expression of glutathione S transferase D1 (GSTD1), inositol-requiring enzyme (IRE-1), and molecular chaperone-binding immunoglobulin (Bip), while donepezil suppressed these genes and other genes involved in antioxidant and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response, including superoxide dismutase type 1 (SOD1), activating transcription factor 6 (ATF-6), and protein kinase R-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK). To sum up, the optimized extraction condition reduced extraction time while resulting in higher phytochemicals, antioxidants, and BACE-1 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sirawit Kongsung
- Master of Science Program in Toxicology and Nutrition for Food Safety, Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University, Salaya, Phuttamonthon, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand;
| | - Woorawee Inthachat
- Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University, Salaya, Phuttamonthon, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand; (W.I.); (U.S.); (N.O.-N.); (C.C.); (S.T.)
| | - Boonrat Chantong
- Department of Pre-Clinical and Applied Animal Science, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Mahidol University, Salaya, Phuttamonthon, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand;
| | - Uthaiwan Suttisansanee
- Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University, Salaya, Phuttamonthon, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand; (W.I.); (U.S.); (N.O.-N.); (C.C.); (S.T.)
| | - Nattira On-Nom
- Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University, Salaya, Phuttamonthon, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand; (W.I.); (U.S.); (N.O.-N.); (C.C.); (S.T.)
| | - Chaowanee Chupeerach
- Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University, Salaya, Phuttamonthon, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand; (W.I.); (U.S.); (N.O.-N.); (C.C.); (S.T.)
| | - Sirinapa Thangsiri
- Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University, Salaya, Phuttamonthon, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand; (W.I.); (U.S.); (N.O.-N.); (C.C.); (S.T.)
| | - Pornsiri Pitchakarn
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Piya Temviriyanukul
- Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University, Salaya, Phuttamonthon, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand; (W.I.); (U.S.); (N.O.-N.); (C.C.); (S.T.)
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Identification and Isolation Techniques for Plant Growth Inhibitors in Rice. SEPARATIONS 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/separations10020105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant growth inhibitors (PGIs) in rice (Oryza sativa), or rice allelochemicals, are secondary metabolites that are either exudated by rice plants to cope with natural competitors or produced during the decomposition of rice by-products in the paddy fields. Of these, the major groups of rice PGIs include phenolics, flavonoids, terpenoids, alkaloids, steroids, and fatty acids, which also exhibit potential medicinal and pharmaceutical properties. Recently, the exploitation of rice PGIs has attracted considerable attention from scientists worldwide. The biosynthesis, exudation, and release of PGIs are dependent on environmental conditions, relevant gene expression, and biodiversity among rice varieties. Along with the mechanism clarification, numerous analytical methods have been improved to effectively support the identification and isolation of rice PGIs during the last few decades. This paper provides an overview of rice PGIs and techniques used for determining and extracting those compounds from rice. In particular, the features, advantages, and limitations of conventional and upgraded extraction methods are comprehensively reported and discussed. The conventional extraction methods have been gradually replaced by advanced techniques consisting of pressurized liquid extraction (PLE), microwave-assisted extraction (MAE), and solid-phase extraction (SPE). Meanwhile, thin-layer chromatography (TLC), liquid chromatography (LC), gas chromatography (GC), mass spectrometry (MS), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), high-resolution mass spectrometry (HR-MS), infrared spectroscopy (IR), near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), and X-ray crystallography are major tools for rice PGI identification and confirmation. With smart agriculture becoming more prevalent, the statistics of rice PGIs and extraction methods will help to provide useful datasets for building an autonomous model for safer weed control. Conceivably, the efficient exploitation of rice PGIs will not only help to increase the yield and economic value of rice but may also pave the way for research directions on the development of smart and sustainable rice farming methods.
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Nunes Alves Paim LF, Dos Santos PR, Patrocinio Toledo CA, Minello L, Lima da Paz JR, Castro Souza V, Salvador M, Moura S. Four almost unexplored species of Brazilian Connarus (Connaraceae): Chemical composition by ESI-QTof-MS/MS-GNPS and a pharmacologic potential. PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS : PCA 2022; 33:286-302. [PMID: 34510611 DOI: 10.1002/pca.3087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Species of Connaraceae are globally used in traditional medicines. However, several of these have not been studied regarding their chemical composition, and some are even at risk of extinction without proper studies. Therefore, the chemical composition and pharmacological potential of Connarus blanchetii Planch., Connarus nodosus Baker, Connarus regnellii G. Schellenb., and Connarus suberosus Planch., which were previously unknown, were analyzed. OBJECTIVE This work aims to investigate the pharmacological potential of these four Connarus species. The chemical composition of different extracts was determined by high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS), with subsequent analysis by the GNPS platform and competitive fragmentation modeling (CFM). MATERIALS AND METHODS Leaf extracts (C. blanchetii, C. nodosus, C. regnellii, and C. suberosus) and bark extracts (C. regnellii and C. suberosus) were obtained by decoction, infusion, and maceration. LC/HRMS data were submitted to the GNPS platform and evaluated using CFM in order to confirm the structures. RESULTS The HRMS-GNPS/CFM analysis indicated the presence of 23 compounds that were mainly identified as phenolic derivatives from quercetin and myricetin, of which 21 are unedited in the Connarus genus. Thus, from the analyses performed, we can identify different compounds with pharmacological potential, as well as the most suitable forms of extraction. CONCLUSION Using HRMS-GNPS/CFM, 21 unpublished compounds were identified in the studied species. Therefore, our combination of data analysis techniques can be used to determine their chemical composition.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Paulo Roberto Dos Santos
- Laboratory of Biotechnology of Natural and Synthetics Products, University of Caxias do Sul, Brazil
| | | | - Luana Minello
- Laboratory of Oxidative Stress and Antioxidants, Biotechnology Institute, University of Caxias do Sul, Brazil
| | | | - Vinicius Castro Souza
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas. Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz"-ESALQ, University of São Paulo-USP, Brazil
| | - Mirian Salvador
- Laboratory of Oxidative Stress and Antioxidants, Biotechnology Institute, University of Caxias do Sul, Brazil
| | - Sidnei Moura
- Laboratory of Biotechnology of Natural and Synthetics Products, University of Caxias do Sul, Brazil
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High resolution LC-MS/MS characterization of polyphenolic composition and evaluation of antioxidant activity of Sambucus ebulus fruit tea traditionally used in Bulgaria as a functional food. Food Chem 2021; 367:130759. [PMID: 34375888 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.130759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to perform phytochemical analysis of tea from Sambucus ebulus fruits concerning hydroxycinnamic acids, flavonol glucosides, stilbenes and proanthocyanidin mono-, di- and trimers content. In total, 33 compounds were identified and quantified using UPLC-DAD-ESI/MS/MS system and the results are presented in mg/g dry weight (DW). Among analyzed hydroxycinnamic acids, 5-Caffeoylquinic acid (114.17 mg/g) was most abundant, followed by 3-p-Coumaroylquinic acid (50.33 mg/g) and 3-p-Feruloylquinic acid, p-Coumaric acid glucoside and 4-p-Coumaroylquinic acid (31.36 mg/g, 29.78 mg/g and 27.70 mg/g, respectively). Flavonol glucosides were represented predominantly by Quercetin-3-O-galactoside, Quercetin-3-O-rhamnosyl-galactoside Quercetin-3-O-glucoside and Quercetin-3-O-rhamnosyl-glucoside (3.68 mg/g, 3.22 mg/g, 2.87 mg/g and 2.56 mg/g, respectively). trans-Resveratrol-3-O-glucoside, epicatechin (40.62 mg/g) and proanthocyanidin di- and -trimers (19.90 mg/g - 31.42 mg/g) also were present in the tea. ABTS cation decolorization assay revealed 1.248 mM UAE activity and the percent of DPPH radical scavenging was 14.25%, corresponding to 39.07 μM Trolox equivalents.
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Rivera-Mondragón A, Ortíz OO, Gupta MP, Caballero-George C. Pharmacognostic Evaluation of Ten Species of Medicinal Importance of Cecropia: Current Knowledge and Therapeutic Perspectives. PLANTA MEDICA 2021; 87:764-779. [PMID: 34284521 DOI: 10.1055/a-1495-9785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This work covers a systematic review of literature about the genus Cecropia from 1978 to 2020, emphasizing the analysis of 10 of the most relevant species and their associated biological activities. Cecropia is a neotropical genus, which comprises about 61 native species in the American continent where it is known to be part of the traditional medicine of numerous countries. Secondary metabolites described for this genus showed an elevated structural and functional diversity, where polyphenols have been the most abundant. Based on this diversity, Cecropia phytochemicals represent an important source of potential therapeutic agents yet to be exploited. This review also highlights the effectiveness of combining chemometrics and ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry as a novel approach to successfully single out Cecropia species phytochemicals. While the medicinal use of Cecropia species is officially recognized in National Pharmacopoeias and Formularies of several Latin American countries, it is important to recognize that these phytomedicines are complex mixtures requiring a thorough understanding of their chemical composition and their correlation with biological activities to guarantee their quality, safety, and efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrés Rivera-Mondragón
- Centre of Innovation and Technology Transfer, Institute of Scientific Research and High Technology Services (INDICASAT-AIP), Republic of Panama
| | | | - Mahabir P Gupta
- Center for Pharmacognostic Research on Panamanian Flora (CIFLORPAN), College of Pharmacy, University of Panama, Republic of Panama
| | - Catherina Caballero-George
- Centre of Innovation and Technology Transfer, Institute of Scientific Research and High Technology Services (INDICASAT-AIP), Republic of Panama
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Abstract
Phenolic compounds are plants’ bioactive metabolites that have been studied for their ability to confer extensive benefits to human health. As currently there is an increased interest in natural compounds identification and characterization, new analytical methods based on advanced technologies have been developed. This paper summarizes current advances in the state of the art for polyphenols identification and quantification. Analytical techniques ranging from high-pressure liquid chromatography to hyphenated spectrometric methods are discussed. The topic of high-resolution mass spectrometry, from targeted quantification to untargeted comprehensive chemical profiling, is particularly addressed. Structure elucidation is one of the important steps for natural products research. Mass spectral data handling approaches, including acquisition mode selection, accurate mass measurements, elemental composition, mass spectral library search algorithms and structure confirmation through mass fragmentation pathways, are discussed.
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Nunes Alves Paim LF, Patrocínio Toledo CA, Lima da Paz JR, Picolotto A, Ballardin G, Souza VC, Salvador M, Moura S. Connaraceae: An updated overview of research and the pharmacological potential of 39 species. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 261:112980. [PMID: 32422354 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.112980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Revised: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE An interdisciplinary scientific investigation of biologically active agents is fundamental to search for natural substances with therapeutic action. This review collected the most relevant information on traditional knowledge related to the use of plants of the Connaraceae family. This work is the first to compile all the published ethnobotanical, chemical, pharmacological, and toxicological information about this important plant family. AIM OF THE STUDY Our objective was to provide the scientific community with an up-to-date overview of the pharmacological potential of Connaraceae species. MATERIAL AND METHODS We searched NCBI Pubmed Central, Google Scholar, Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), ScienceDirect, SciFinder, and Scopus databases to review the research on ethnobotanical, chemical, pharmacognostical, pharmacological, and toxicological studies with Connaraceaes. Books that address the theme were also included. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION The literature review indicated that 39 species of Connaraceaes have pharmacological potentiality. Ethnobotany reports listed 36 of the 39 species discussed. Pharmacognostical studies have been conducted with 23 species and isolates, and chemical compounds have been identified for only 15 species. At least one study has been published concerning the pharmacological activities for 20 of the 39 species analyzed. For Agelaea pentagyna, Cnestis ferruginea, Connars suberosus, and Rourea minor, pharmacological activity experiments were performed using isolated compounds, which have the highest current pharmacological potential. Studies employing a toxicological approach cover only 10 of the 39 Connaraceaes species. Thus, scientific community should conduct much more research for a broader understanding of this plant family.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Aline Picolotto
- Laboratory of Biotechnology of Natural and Synthetics Products - University of Caxias do Sul, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Ballardin
- Laboratory of Biotechnology of Natural and Synthetics Products - University of Caxias do Sul, Brazil
| | - Vinicius Castro Souza
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Vegetal, Campinas State University, UNICAMP, Brazil
| | - Mirian Salvador
- Laboratory of Oxidative Stress and Antioxidants, Biotechnology Institute, University of Caxias do Sul, Brazil
| | - Sidnei Moura
- Laboratory of Biotechnology of Natural and Synthetics Products - University of Caxias do Sul, Brazil.
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López-Fernández O, Domínguez R, Pateiro M, Munekata PE, Rocchetti G, Lorenzo JM. Determination of Polyphenols Using Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry Technique (LC-MS/MS): A Review. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9060479. [PMID: 32498428 PMCID: PMC7346120 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9060479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the consumption of polyphenols has been increasing, largely due to its beneficial effects on health. They are present in a wide variety of foods, but their extraction and characterization are complicated since they are mostly in complex matrices. For this reason, the use of selective, sensitive, and versatile analytical techniques such as liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) is necessary. In this review, the most relevant studies of the last years regarding the analysis of polyphenols in different matrices by comprehensive LC–MS/MS are discussed. Relevant steps such as extraction, sample purification, and chromatographic analysis methods are emphasized. In particular, the following methodological aspects are discussed: (a) the proper selection of the extraction technique, (b) the extraction and elution solvents, (c) the purification step, (d) the selection of both stationary and mobile phases for the chromatographic separation of compounds, and (e) the different conditions for mass spectrometry. Overall, this review presents the data from the most recent studies, in a comprehensive way, thus providing and simplifying the information of the great variety of works that exist in the literature on this wide topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olalla López-Fernández
- Centro Tecnológico de la Carne de Galicia, Rúa Galicia No 4, Parque Tecnológico de Galicia, San Cibrao das Viñas, 32900 Ourense, Spain; (O.L.-F.); (R.D.); (M.P.); (P.E.S.M.)
| | - Rubén Domínguez
- Centro Tecnológico de la Carne de Galicia, Rúa Galicia No 4, Parque Tecnológico de Galicia, San Cibrao das Viñas, 32900 Ourense, Spain; (O.L.-F.); (R.D.); (M.P.); (P.E.S.M.)
| | - Mirian Pateiro
- Centro Tecnológico de la Carne de Galicia, Rúa Galicia No 4, Parque Tecnológico de Galicia, San Cibrao das Viñas, 32900 Ourense, Spain; (O.L.-F.); (R.D.); (M.P.); (P.E.S.M.)
| | - Paulo E.S. Munekata
- Centro Tecnológico de la Carne de Galicia, Rúa Galicia No 4, Parque Tecnológico de Galicia, San Cibrao das Viñas, 32900 Ourense, Spain; (O.L.-F.); (R.D.); (M.P.); (P.E.S.M.)
| | - Gabriele Rocchetti
- Department for sustainable food process, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Via Emilia Parmense 84, 29122 Piacenza, Italy;
| | - José M. Lorenzo
- Centro Tecnológico de la Carne de Galicia, Rúa Galicia No 4, Parque Tecnológico de Galicia, San Cibrao das Viñas, 32900 Ourense, Spain; (O.L.-F.); (R.D.); (M.P.); (P.E.S.M.)
- Área de Tecnología de los Alimentos, Facultad de Ciencias de Ourense, Universidad de Vigo, 32004 Ourense, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-988-548-277; Fax: +34-988-548-276
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Dos Santos C, Mizobucchi AL, Escaramboni B, Lopes BP, Angolini CFF, Eberlin MN, de Toledo KA, Núñez EGF. Optimization of Eugenia punicifolia (Kunth) D. C. leaf extraction using a simplex centroid design focused on extracting phenolics with antioxidant and antiproliferative activities. BMC Chem 2020; 14:34. [PMID: 32355912 PMCID: PMC7187488 DOI: 10.1186/s13065-020-00686-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Eugenia punicifolia (Kunth) D. C. (Myrtaceae) has been showing interesting biological activities in the literature which was correlated to its phenolic compounds. In the sense of a better recovering of phenolics with the best antioxidant and antiproliferative activities, an extraction, based on multivariate analytical approach, was developed from E. punicifolia leaves. The different extractor solvents (ethanol, methanol and water) and their binary and ternary combinations were evaluated using a simplex-centroid mixture design and surface response methodology. The optimized crude extracts were investigated for phenol and flavonoid content and compared to their antioxidant (EC50) and antiproliferative properties against HEp-2 (cell line derived from the oropharyngeal carcinoma) and mononuclear viability cells. Ethanolic extracts showed the best phenolic content with the highest antioxidant activity and moderated activity antiproliferative to HEp-2. ESI-QTOF–MS revealed the presence of quercetin and myricetin derivatives, which was correlated to activities tested. Then, simplex-centroid design allowed us to correlate the Eugenia punicifolia biological activities with the extracts obtained from solvent different polarity mixtures.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Catarina Dos Santos
- 1Laboratory of Chemistry of UNESP-Assis (LAQUA), Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences and Letters, University of São Paulo State (UNESP), Sto Antonio Ave, 19806-900 Assis, SP Brazil
| | - Andressa Lie Mizobucchi
- 1Laboratory of Chemistry of UNESP-Assis (LAQUA), Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences and Letters, University of São Paulo State (UNESP), Sto Antonio Ave, 19806-900 Assis, SP Brazil
| | - Bruna Escaramboni
- 2Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Sciences and Letters, University of São Paulo State (UNESP), 19806-900 Assis, SP Brazil
| | - Bruno Pereira Lopes
- 3Laboratory of Physiopathology of Innate Immunity, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences and Letters, University of São Paulo State (UNESP), 19806-900 Assis, SP Brazil
| | - Celio Fernando Figueiredo Angolini
- 4Mass Spectrometry and Chemical Ecology Laboratory (MS-Cell), Center for Natural and Human Sciences, Federal University of ABC (UFABC), Santo André, São Paulo, SP Brazil
| | - Marcos Nogueira Eberlin
- 5Thomson Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.,6Mackenzie Presbyterian University, Mackenzie Research Nucleus in Science, Faith and Society, Maria Antônia Street, 163 Room 44, Vila Buarque, 01222010 São Paulo, SP Brazil
| | - Karina Alves de Toledo
- 3Laboratory of Physiopathology of Innate Immunity, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences and Letters, University of São Paulo State (UNESP), 19806-900 Assis, SP Brazil
| | - Eutimio Gustavo Fernández Núñez
- 7School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities, University of São Paulo (EACH-USP), Arlindo Béttio Street, 1000 - Vila Guaraciaba, 03828-000 São Paulo, SP Brazil
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González-González RM, Barragán-Mendoza L, Peraza-Campos AL, Muñiz-Valencia R, Ceballos-Magaña SG, Parra-Delgado H. Validation of an HPLC-DAD method for the determination of plant phenolics. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE FARMACOGNOSIA-BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOGNOSY 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjp.2019.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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Komolafe K, Akinmoladun AC, Komolafe TR, Olaleye MT, Boligon AA, Akindahunsi AA, Rocha JB. Angiotensin-1-converting enzyme inhibition, antioxidant activity, and modulation of cerebral Na+/K+ ATPase by free phenolics of African locust bean (Parkia biglobosa). Health Sci Rep 2018; 1:e17. [PMID: 30623035 PMCID: PMC6266567 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Revised: 10/02/2017] [Accepted: 10/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS To investigate the antioxidant activities and effects of free phenols (FPPB) and bound phenols (BPPB) of Parkia biglobosa leaves on some enzymes of neuro-cardiovascular relevance. METHODS AND RESULTS HPLC-DAD fingerprinting of FPPB and BPPB, and the antihemolytic, radical (1,1-diphenyl-2 picrylhydrazyl, DPPH; 2,2-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid), ABTS) scavenging and ferric reducing antioxidant properties of extracts, were assessed. In addition, the effects of the phenolics on angiotensin-1-converting enzyme (ACE), cerebral acetylcholinesterase/butyrylcholinesterase (AChE/BuChE), and Na+/K+ATPase were determined in vitro. FPPB was more potent than BPPB in terms of ABTS (EC50:4.06 ± 0.3 vs 24.07 ± 2.1 μg/mL) and DPPH (EC50:3.82 ± 0.2 vs 10.22 ± 0.1 μg/mL) radicals scavenged, respectively. The free phenolic extract was a better DPPH. scavenger than ascorbic acid (EC50 = 12.58 ± 0.4 μg/mL; DPPH reference) and compared well with Trolox (EC50:4.44 ± 0.08 μg/mL; ABTS reference). The anti-hemolytic effect of FPPB (36%) and BPPB (53%) was highest at 15 μg/mL but lower than that recorded for ascorbic acid (67% at 10 μg/mL). Even though FPPB (IC50 = 15.35 ± 4.0 μg/mL) and BPPB (IC50 = 46.85 ± 3.3 μg/mL) showed considerably lower ACE-inhibitory effect than ramipril (IC50:0.173 ± 0.04 μg/mL), both extracts demonstrated dose-dependent, significant (p < 0.01/p < 0.05) inhibition of the enzyme. FPPB increased cerebral Na+/K+ATPase activity but neither phenolic extract affects cerebral AChE/BuChE activities. HPLC-DAD revealed catechin, caffeic acid, and quercetin, respectively, as the major phenolics (mg/g) in FPPB (29.85, 30.29, and 17.10) and BPPB (32.70, 30.51, and 19.25). CONCLUSION The effects of P biglobosa on ACE and cerebral ATPase are related to its constituent phenolics. ACE inhibition could be an important mechanism underlying the documented hypotensive effect of the plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayode Komolafe
- Department of Biochemistry, School of SciencesThe Federal University of TechnologyAkureNigeria
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of ScienceFederal University Oye‐EkitiOye‐EkitiNigeria
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, CCNEFederal University of Santa MariaSanta MariaRSBrazil
| | - Afolabi C. Akinmoladun
- Department of Biochemistry, School of SciencesThe Federal University of TechnologyAkureNigeria
| | - Titilope R. Komolafe
- Department of Biochemistry, School of SciencesThe Federal University of TechnologyAkureNigeria
| | - Mary T. Olaleye
- Department of Biochemistry, School of SciencesThe Federal University of TechnologyAkureNigeria
| | - Aline A. Boligon
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, CCNEFederal University of Santa MariaSanta MariaRSBrazil
| | | | - Joao B.T. Rocha
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, CCNEFederal University of Santa MariaSanta MariaRSBrazil
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