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WCK 4873 (INN: Nafithromycin): Structure-Activity relationship (SAR) identifying a novel lactone ketolide with activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae (SPN) and Streptococcus pyogenes (SPY). RESULTS IN CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rechem.2022.100757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
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2
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Dinos GP. The macrolide antibiotic renaissance. Br J Pharmacol 2017; 174:2967-2983. [PMID: 28664582 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 203] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Revised: 05/29/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrolides represent a large family of protein synthesis inhibitors of great clinical interest due to their applicability to human medicine. Macrolides are composed of a macrocyclic lactone of different ring sizes, to which one or more deoxy-sugar or amino sugar residues are attached. Macrolides act as antibiotics by binding to bacterial 50S ribosomal subunit and interfering with protein synthesis. The high affinity of macrolides for bacterial ribosomes, together with the highly conserved structure of ribosomes across virtually all of the bacterial species, is consistent with their broad-spectrum activity. Since the discovery of the progenitor macrolide, erythromycin, in 1950, many derivatives have been synthesised, leading to compounds with better bioavailability and acid stability and improved pharmacokinetics. These efforts led to the second generation of macrolides, including well-known members such as azithromycin and clarithromycin. Subsequently, in order to address increasing antibiotic resistance, a third generation of macrolides displaying improved activity against many macrolide resistant strains was developed. However, these improvements were accompanied with serious side effects, leading to disappointment and causing many researchers to stop working on macrolide derivatives, assuming that this procedure had reached the end. In contrast, a recent published breakthrough introduced a new chemical platform for synthesis and discovery of a wide range of diverse macrolide antibiotics. This chemical synthesis revolution, in combination with reduction in the side effects, namely, 'Ketek effects', has led to a macrolide renaissance, increasing the hope for novel and safe therapeutic agents to combat serious human infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- George P Dinos
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
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3
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Synthesis and antibacterial activity of novel 11-[3-[(arylcarbamoyl)oxy]propylamino]-11-deoxy-6-O-methyl-3-oxoerythromycin A 11-N,12-O-cyclic carbamate derivatives. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 2016; 69:811-817. [PMID: 27118243 DOI: 10.1038/ja.2016.42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2015] [Revised: 02/24/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
A series of novel 11-[3-[(arylcarbamoyl)oxy]propylamino]-11-deoxy-6-O-methyl-3-oxoerythromycin A 11-N,12-O-cyclic carbamate derivatives (6a-h) were designed, synthesized and evaluated for their antibacterial activities in vitro. Most of these compounds had significant antibacterial activity against two groups of pathogens of Methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MIC50=0.031-2 μg ml-1) except 6g and Methicillin-sensitive S. epidermidis (MIC50=0.031-0.5 μg ml-1). MIC90 of 6d against Methicillin-resistant S. epidermidis was at least 16-fold better than that of erythromycin (EMA), azithromycin (AZM) and ABT-773. 6d and 6e had more potent antibacterial activity against S. pneumoniae than EMA, AZM and ABT-773. In particular, compounds 6d and 6e also showed relatively potent activity against Haemophilus influenzae and Streptococcus hemolyticus.
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4
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Wen SQ, Jeyakkumar P, Avula SR, Zhang L, Zhou CH. Discovery of novel berberine imidazoles as safe antimicrobial agents by down regulating ROS generation. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2016; 26:2768-2773. [PMID: 27156777 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2016.04.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Revised: 04/20/2016] [Accepted: 04/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
A series of novel berberine-based imidazole derivatives as new type of antimicrobial agents were developed and characterized. Most of them gave good antibacterial activity toward the Gram-positive and negative bacteria. Noticeably, imidazolyl berberine 3a exhibited low MIC value of 1μg/mL against Eberthella typhosa, which was even superior to reference drugs berberine, chloromycin and norfloxacin. The cell toxicity and ROS generation assay indicated that compound 3a showed low cell toxicity. The interactive investigation by UV-vis spectroscopic method revealed that compound 3a could effectively intercalate into calf thymus DNA to form 3a-DNA complex which might further block DNA replication to exert the powerful antimicrobial activities. The binding behavior of compound 3a to DNA topoisomerase IB revealed that hydrogen bonds and electrostatic interactions played important roles in the association of compound 3a with DNA topoisomerase IB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Qi Wen
- Institute of Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Chongqing Municipality, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Ponmani Jeyakkumar
- Institute of Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Chongqing Municipality, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Srinivasa Rao Avula
- Institute of Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Chongqing Municipality, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Institute of Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Chongqing Municipality, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Cheng-He Zhou
- Institute of Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Chongqing Municipality, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China.
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5
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Addla D, Wen SQ, Gao WW, Maddili SK, Zhang L, Zhou CH. Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of novel carbazole aminothiazoles as potential DNA-targeting antimicrobial agents. MEDCHEMCOMM 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6md00357e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Synthesis of a series of carbazole aminothiazoles as a new type of potential antimicrobial agents, and preliminary interactions with DNA indicated a possible intercalation mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinesh Addla
- Institute of Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Southwest University
- Chongqing 400715
- PR China
| | - Si-Qi Wen
- Institute of Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Southwest University
- Chongqing 400715
- PR China
| | - Wei-Wei Gao
- Institute of Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Southwest University
- Chongqing 400715
- PR China
| | - Swetha Kameswari Maddili
- Institute of Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Southwest University
- Chongqing 400715
- PR China
| | - Ling Zhang
- School of Pharmacy
- Yancheng Teachers University
- Yancheng 224051
- PR China
| | - Cheng-He Zhou
- Institute of Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Southwest University
- Chongqing 400715
- PR China
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6
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Luo YL, Baathulaa K, Kannekanti VK, Zhou CH, Cai GX. Novel benzimidazole derived naphthalimide triazoles: synthesis, antimicrobial activity and interactions with calf thymus DNA. Sci China Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-014-5296-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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7
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Zhang HZ, Jeyakkumar P, Vijaya Kumar K, Zhou CH. Synthesis of novel sulfonamide azoles via C–N cleavage of sulfonamides by azole ring and relational antimicrobial study. NEW J CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4nj01932f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Novel sulfonamide azoles were synthesizedviathe C–N cleavage of sulfonamides by an azole ring, and evaluated for their relational antimicrobial behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Zhen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Chongqing Municipality
- Institute of Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Southwest University
- Chongqing 400715
| | - Ponmani Jeyakkumar
- Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Chongqing Municipality
- Institute of Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Southwest University
- Chongqing 400715
| | - Kannekanti Vijaya Kumar
- Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Chongqing Municipality
- Institute of Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Southwest University
- Chongqing 400715
| | - Cheng-He Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Chongqing Municipality
- Institute of Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Southwest University
- Chongqing 400715
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8
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Pavlović D, Mutak S, Andreotti D, Biondi S, Cardullo F, Paio A, Piga E, Donati D, Lociuro S. Synthesis and Structure-Activity Relationships of α-Amino-γ-lactone Ketolides: A Novel Class of Macrolide Antibiotics. ACS Med Chem Lett 2014; 5:1133-7. [PMID: 25313326 DOI: 10.1021/ml500279k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2014] [Accepted: 08/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
An efficient synthesis of α-amino-γ-lactone ketolide (3) was developed, which provided a versatile intermediate for the incorporation of a variety of aryl and heteroaryl groups onto the C-21 position of clarithromycin via HBTU-mediated amidation. The biological data for this important new class of macrolides revealed significantly potent activity against erythromycin-susceptible strains as well as efflux-resistant and erythromycin MLSB-resistant strains of S. pneumoniae and S. pyogenes. In addition, ketolide 11o showed excellent in vitro antibacterial activity against H. influenzae strain as compared to telithromycin. These results indicate that C-21 substituted γ-lactone ketolides have potential as a next generation macrolide antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dražen Pavlović
- PLIVA Research Institute, Prilaz baruna Filipovića
29, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Stjepan Mutak
- PLIVA Research Institute, Prilaz baruna Filipovića
29, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Daniele Andreotti
- Medicine Research Centre, GlaxoSmithKline, Via
Fleming 4, I-37135 Verona, Italy
| | - Stefano Biondi
- Medicine Research Centre, GlaxoSmithKline, Via
Fleming 4, I-37135 Verona, Italy
| | - Francesca Cardullo
- Medicine Research Centre, GlaxoSmithKline, Via
Fleming 4, I-37135 Verona, Italy
| | - Alfredo Paio
- Medicine Research Centre, GlaxoSmithKline, Via
Fleming 4, I-37135 Verona, Italy
| | - Elisa Piga
- Medicine Research Centre, GlaxoSmithKline, Via
Fleming 4, I-37135 Verona, Italy
| | - Daniele Donati
- Medicine Research Centre, GlaxoSmithKline, Via
Fleming 4, I-37135 Verona, Italy
| | - Sergio Lociuro
- Medicine Research Centre, GlaxoSmithKline, Via
Fleming 4, I-37135 Verona, Italy
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9
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Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of novel benzimidazole derivatives and their interaction with calf thymus DNA and synergistic effects with clinical drugs. Sci China Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-014-5087-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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10
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Design, synthesis and antimicrobial evaluation of novel benzimidazole type of Fluconazole analogues and their synergistic effects with Chloromycin, Norfloxacin and Fluconazole. Eur J Med Chem 2013; 64:329-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2013.03.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2013] [Revised: 03/20/2013] [Accepted: 03/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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11
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Song QL, Guo BQ, Zhang W, Lan P, Sun PH, Chen WM. Design, synthesis and antibacterial activity of novel ketolides bearing an aryltetrazolyl-substituted alkyl side chain. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 2011; 64:571-81. [DOI: 10.1038/ja.2011.50] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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12
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Abstract
IMPORTANCE OF THE FIELD New antibiotics are needed to overcome microbial resistance and to improve on the therapeutic index and clinical effectiveness of existing agents. AREA COVERED IN THIS REVIEW This review covers the journal and patent literature published from about the mid-2000s to 2010 to provide an overview of the large diversity of new chemical entities in the macrolide, lincosaminide and streptogramin B (MLS(B)) class. WHAT THE READER WILL GAIN The review identifies areas of the greatest effort and recent results in pursuing structure-activity relationships among MLS(B) antibiotics and highlights preclinical and clinical candidates that have arisen from these diverse discovery programs. TAKE HOME MESSAGE Research on the MLS(B) class appears promising for the eventual registration and commercialization of several new antibiotics that improve the clinical effectiveness of existing agents and combat antibiotic-resistant pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Herbert A Kirst
- Eli Lilly and Company, 7840 West 88th Street, Indianapolis, IN 46278, USA.
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13
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Chen L, Lou T, Yu C, Kang Q, Chen L. N-1-(2-Mercaptoethyl)thymine modification of gold nanoparticles: a highly selective and sensitive colorimetric chemosensor for Hg2+. Analyst 2011; 136:4770-3. [DOI: 10.1039/c1an15585g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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14
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Synthesis and antibacterial activity of novel ketolides with 11,12-sulfur contained aryl alkyl side chains. Eur J Med Chem 2011; 46:208-17. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2010.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2010] [Revised: 10/25/2010] [Accepted: 11/02/2010] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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15
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Synthesis and antibacterial activity of C-12 pyrazolinyl spiro ketolides. Eur J Med Chem 2010; 45:5943-9. [PMID: 20970894 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2010.09.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2010] [Revised: 09/27/2010] [Accepted: 09/28/2010] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
A series of C-12 pyrazolinyl spiro ketolide derivatives were designed and synthesized. The C-12 modifications involved replacing the natural C-12 methyl group in clarithromycin core with different pyrazolinyl spiros via chemical synthesis. Potential anti-bacterial activities against both erythromycin-susceptible and erythromycin-resistant bacteria were reported.
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16
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6-Alkylquinolone-3-carboxylic acid tethered to macrolides synthesis and antimicrobial profile. Bioorg Med Chem 2010; 18:6569-77. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2010.06.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2010] [Revised: 06/16/2010] [Accepted: 06/16/2010] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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17
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Xu P, Liu L, Chen XZ, Li Y, Liu J, Jin ZP, Wang GQ, Lei PS. Synthesis of novel macrolide derivatives with imidazo[4,5-b]pyridinyl sulfur contained alkyl side chains and their antibacterial activity. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2009; 19:4079-83. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2009.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2009] [Revised: 05/31/2009] [Accepted: 06/03/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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18
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Lin X, Rico AC, Chu DT, Carroll GL, Barker L, Shawar R, Desai MC, Plattner JJ. Synthesis and antibacterial activity of C12 des-methyl ketolides. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2006; 16:4692-6. [PMID: 16784845 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2006.05.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2006] [Revised: 05/26/2006] [Accepted: 05/30/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Synthesis of C(12) des-methyl ketolide is developed featuring an intramolecular epoxide formation/elimination process to establish the C(12) stereocenter. These ketolides are potent against several key respiratory pathogens, including erythromycin resistant erm- and mef-containing strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Lin
- Small Molecule Drug Discovery, Biopharma Research, Chiron Corporation, Emeryville, CA 94608, USA.
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Burger MT, Hiebert C, Seid M, Chu DT, Barker L, Langhorne M, Shawar R, Kidney J, Desai MC, Plattner JJ. Synthesis and antibacterial activity of novel C12 ethyl ketolides. Bioorg Med Chem 2006; 14:5592-604. [PMID: 16697203 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2006.04.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2006] [Revised: 04/12/2006] [Accepted: 04/13/2006] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
A novel series of C(12) ethyl erythromycin derivatives have been discovered which exhibit in vitro and in vivo potency against key respiratory pathogens, including those resistant to erythromycin. The C(12) modification involves replacing the natural C(12) methyl group in the erythromycin core with an ethyl group via chemical synthesis. From the C(12) ethyl macrolide core, a series of C(12) ethyl ketolides were prepared and tested for antibacterial activity against a panel of relevant clinical isolates. Several compounds were found to be potent against macrolide-sensitive and -resistant bacteria, whether resistance was due to ribosome methylation (erm) or efflux (mef). In particular, the C(12) ethyl ketolides 4k,4s,4q,4m, and 4t showed a similar antimicrobial spectrum and comparable activity to the commercial ketolide telithromycin. The in vivo efficacy of several C(12) ethyl ketolides was demonstrated in a mouse infection model with Streptococcus pneumoniae as pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew T Burger
- Chiron Corporation, Biopharma Research, Emeryille, CA 94608-2916, USA.
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20
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Esteban J, Costa AM, Cruzado MC, Faja M, García P, Vilarrasa J. Clarithromycin–adenine and related conjugates. Tetrahedron Lett 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2006.01.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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21
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Burger MT, Lin X, Chu DT, Hiebert C, Rico AC, Seid M, Carroll GL, Barker L, Huh K, Langhorne M, Shawar R, Kidney J, Young K, Anderson S, Desai MC, Plattner JJ. Synthesis and Antibacterial Activity of Novel C12 Vinyl Ketolides. J Med Chem 2006; 49:1730-43. [PMID: 16509588 DOI: 10.1021/jm051157a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A novel series of C12 vinyl erythromycin derivatives have been discovered which exhibit in vitro and in vivo potency against key respiratory pathogens. The C12 modification involves replacing the natural C12 methyl group in the erythromycin core with a vinyl group via chemical synthesis. From the C12 vinyl macrolide core, a series of C12 vinyl ketolides was prepared. Several compounds were found to be potent against macrolide-sensitive and -resistant bacteria. The C12 vinyl ketolides 6j and 6k showed a similar antimicrobial spectrum and comparable activity to the commercial ketolide telithromycin. However, the pharmacokinetic profiles of C12 vinyl ketolides 6j and 6k in rats differ from that of telithromycin by having higher lung-to-plasma ratios, larger volumes of distribution, and longer half-lives. These pharmacokinetic differences have a pharmacodynamic effect as both 6j and 6k exhibited better in vivo efficacy than telithromycin in rat lung infection models against Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew T Burger
- Chiron Corporation, Biopharma Research, 4560 Horton Street, Emeryille, California 94608-2916, USA.
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Grant EB, Guiadeen D, Abbanat D, Foleno BD, Bush K, Macielag MJ. Synthesis and antibacterial activity of 6-O-heteroarylcarbamoyl-11,12-lactoketolides. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2006; 16:1929-33. [PMID: 16446089 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2005.12.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2005] [Accepted: 12/22/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
A new series of erythromycin A derivatives, the 6-O-heteroarylcarbamoyl-11,12-lactoketolides, with activity against macrolide-resistant streptococci, are described. Structurally, these macrolide antibiotics are characterized by a heteroaryl side chain attached to the macrolactone core through a carbamate linkage at the C6 position, as well as 11,12-gamma-lactone and 3-keto functionalities. The synthesis and antibacterial activity of this new series of ketolides are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugene B Grant
- Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, L.L.C., 1000 Route 202, PO Box 300, Raritan, NJ 08869, USA.
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23
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Nomura T, Yasukata T, Narukawa Y, Uotani K. 9-Oxime-3-ketolides: Modification at the C-11,12-diol moiety and antibacterial activities against key respiratory pathogens. Bioorg Med Chem 2005; 13:6054-63. [PMID: 15994088 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2005.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2005] [Revised: 06/03/2005] [Accepted: 06/03/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
In the search for new types of ketolide antibiotics active against key respiratory pathogens including erythromycin-resistant strains, we conducted an extensive study on the modification at the C-11,12-diol moiety of 9-oxime-3-ketolide derivatives. Among the derivatives prepared, compound 6 with carbonate at the C-11,12 position was found to have potent antibacterial activities against erythromycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus as well as other erythromycin-susceptible strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Nomura
- Discovery Research Laboratories, Shionogi & Co. Ltd., 12-4, Sagisu 5-chome, Fukushima-ku, Osaka 553-0002, Japan.
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