Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of 2-alkylidenethiazolidine-4,5-diones as antibiotic agents

Green Synthesis of Thiazolidine-2,4-dione Derivatives and Their Lipoxygenase Inhibition Activity With QSAR and Molecular Docking Studies

Thiazolidinediones are five-membered, heterocyclic compounds that possess a number of pharmacological activities such as antihyperglycemic, antitumor, antiarthritic, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial. Conventional methods for their synthesis are often environmentally unacceptable due to the utilization of various catalysts and organic solvents. In this study, deep eutectic solvents were used in the synthesis of thiazolidinedione derivatives that acted as both solvents and catalysts. Initially, a screening of 20 choline chloride-based deep eutectic solvents for thiazolidinedione synthesis, via Knoevenagel condensation, was performed in order to find the most suitable solvent. Deep eutectic solvent, choline chloride, N-methylurea, was proven to be the best for further synthesis of 19 thiazolidinedione derivatives. Synthesized thiazolidinediones are obtained in yields from 21.49% to 90.90%. The synthesized compounds were tested for the inhibition of lipid peroxidation as well as for the inhibition of soy lipoxygenase enzyme activity. The antioxidant activity of the compounds was also determined by the ABTS and DPPH methods. Compounds showed lipoxygenase inhibition in the range from 7.7% to 76.3%. Quantitative structure–activity relationship model (R2 = 0.88; Q2loo = 0.77; F = 33.69) for the inhibition of soybean lipoxygenase was obtained with descriptors Mor29m, G2u, and MAXDP. The molecular docking confirms experimentally obtained results, finding the binding affinity and interactions with the active sites of soybean LOX-3.

Diversity-oriented synthesis of spirothiazolidinediones and their biological evaluation

We report a new synthetic approach to assemble spirothiazolidinediones via a [2 + 2 + 2] cyclotrimerization reaction and the derivatives were further functionalized through DA chemistry and click reaction. Using flow cytometry, it was shown for the first time that the new benzyl alcohol derivatives of thiazolidine-2,4-dione generated here are efficient apoptosis inducers in the HeLa, Hek293, U937, Jurkat, and K562 cell lines.

N,N-Diethyl-2-[5-(4-methoxybenzylidene)-2,4-dioxo-1,3-thiazolidin-3-yl]acetamide

In the title compound, C17H20N2O4S, the thiazolidine (r.m.s. deviation = 0.022 Å) and phenyl rings (major and minor occupancies) are inclined to one another by 6.3 (3) and 10.5 (3)°, respectively. The molecular conformation is stabilized by an intramolecular C—H...S interaction. In the crystal, molecules are linked by C—H...O hydrogen bonds, which generateR22(18),R22(24) andR21(7) ring motifs. Aromatic π–π stacking interactions are also observed.

{3-[(2-Chloro-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)methyl]-1,3-thiazolidin-2-ylideneamino}formonitrile

In the title compound, C₈H₇ClN₄S₂, the dihedral angle between the thia­zolidine ring (r.m.s. deviation = 0.028 Å) and the thia­zole ring (r.m.s. deviation = 0.004 Å) is 74.74 (6)°. The formonitrile group is almost coplanar with the attached ring [C—N—C—N torsion angle = 167 (2)°.

Synthesis of 1,3,5-Tricarbonyl Derivatives by Condensation of 1,3-Bis(silyl enol ethers) with Acid Chlorides

A variety of 1,3,5-tricarbonyl derivatives were prepared by reaction of 1,3-bis(silyl enol ethers) with acid chlorides under mild conditions. This includes reactions of both aromatic and aliphatic acid chlorides and bis(acid chlorides). The yields vary depending on the type of acid chloride employed.