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Zhao X, Li G, Feng X, Cheng Q, Lu Z, Gu R, Lu J, Liu W. Physicochemical characterization and linear epitopes identification of arginine kinase allergen from Crassostrea gigas. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2022; 102:3435-3445. [PMID: 34837649 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.11691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Molluscan shellfish, including oysters, often cause allergic reactions in sensitive people throughout the world. It has been demonstrated that arginine kinase (AK) is one of the major allergens of oyster. The present study aimed to evaluate the immunoreactivity and structure of oyster AK as affected by heat treatment, pH change, and in vitro digestion. What is more, the immunoglobulin E-binding epitopes of this allergen were also predicted and validated. RESULTS Thermal and pH assays revealed that AK was unstable at temperature >40 °C or pH ≤5.0 by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and circular dichroism, and the digestibility assays suggested that AK was more easily digested by pepsin than by trypsin and chymotrypsin. The potential epitopes were predicted through immunoinformatics tools, and seven linear epitopes were identified by indirect competition enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with pooled sera and individual serum from oyster-allergic patients. The critical amino acids in each epitope were also confirmed using mutant peptides. These linear epitopes and critical amino acids were apt to distribute on the outer surface of homology-based AK model. Moreover, the three denaturants (sodium dodecyl sulfate, β-mercaptoethanol, and urea) can destroy the spatial structure of AK and increase or reduce its allergenicity by denaturation treatments. CONCLUSION Processing conditions lay the foundation for the variation of allergenicity. Seven linear epitopes and their critical amino acids were identified by indirect competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. These findings will be helpful in allergy diagnosis and development of hypoallergenic products in the near future. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohan Zhao
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Protein & Functional Peptides, China National Research Institute of Food and Fermentation Industries, Beijing, PR China
| | - Guoming Li
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Protein & Functional Peptides, China National Research Institute of Food and Fermentation Industries, Beijing, PR China
| | - Xiaowen Feng
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Protein & Functional Peptides, China National Research Institute of Food and Fermentation Industries, Beijing, PR China
| | - Qingli Cheng
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Protein & Functional Peptides, China National Research Institute of Food and Fermentation Industries, Beijing, PR China
| | - Zhihao Lu
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Protein & Functional Peptides, China National Research Institute of Food and Fermentation Industries, Beijing, PR China
| | - Ruizeng Gu
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Protein & Functional Peptides, China National Research Institute of Food and Fermentation Industries, Beijing, PR China
| | - Jun Lu
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Protein & Functional Peptides, China National Research Institute of Food and Fermentation Industries, Beijing, PR China
| | - Wenying Liu
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Protein & Functional Peptides, China National Research Institute of Food and Fermentation Industries, Beijing, PR China
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Construction of a genetically engineered chimeric apoprotein consisting of sequences derived from lidamycin and neocarzinostatin. Anticancer Drugs 2016; 27:24-8. [DOI: 10.1097/cad.0000000000000300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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Yang Y, Cao MJ, Alcocer M, Liu QM, Fei DX, Mao HY, Liu GM. Mapping and characterization of antigenic epitopes of arginine kinase of Scylla paramamosain. Mol Immunol 2015; 65:310-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2015.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2014] [Revised: 02/05/2015] [Accepted: 02/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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Si YX, Song JJ, Fang NY, Wang W, Wang ZJ, Yang JM, Qian GY, Yin SJ, Park YD. Purification, characterization, and unfolding studies of arginine kinase from Antarctic krill. Int J Biol Macromol 2014; 67:426-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2014.03.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2013] [Revised: 03/22/2014] [Accepted: 03/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Moody P, Burlina F, Martin SR, Morgan RE, Offer J, Smith ME, Molloy JE, Caddick S. Evaluating the use of Apo-neocarzinostatin as a cell penetrating protein. Protein Eng Des Sel 2013; 26:277-81. [PMID: 23322746 PMCID: PMC3601848 DOI: 10.1093/protein/gzs104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2012] [Revised: 11/24/2012] [Accepted: 11/27/2012] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein-ligand complex neocarzinostatin (NCS) is a small, thermostable protein-ligand complex that is able to deliver its ligand cargo into live mammalian cells where it induces DNA damage. Apo-NCS is able to functionally display complementarity determining regions loops, and has been hypothesised to act as a cell-penetrating protein, which would make it an ideal scaffold for cell targeting, and subsequent intracellular delivery of small-molecule drugs. In order to evaluate apo-NCS as a cell penetrating protein, we have evaluated the efficiency of its internalisation into live HeLa cells using matrix-assisted laser-desorption ionization-time-of-flight mass spectrometry and fluorescence microscopy. Following incubation of cells with apo-NCS, we observed no evidence of internalisation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Moody
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, UK
- Division of Physical Biochemistry, MRC National Institute for Medical Research, The Ridgeway, Mill Hill, London NW7 1AA, UK
| | - Fabienne Burlina
- UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, ENS, UMR 7203, Laboratoire des Biomolécules, 4 place Jussieu, 75 005 Paris, France
| | - Stephen R. Martin
- Division of Physical Biochemistry, MRC National Institute for Medical Research, The Ridgeway, Mill Hill, London NW7 1AA, UK
| | - Rachel E. Morgan
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, UK
| | - John Offer
- Division of Physical Biochemistry, MRC National Institute for Medical Research, The Ridgeway, Mill Hill, London NW7 1AA, UK
| | - Mark E.B. Smith
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, UK
| | - Justin E. Molloy
- Division of Physical Biochemistry, MRC National Institute for Medical Research, The Ridgeway, Mill Hill, London NW7 1AA, UK
| | - Stephen Caddick
- Division of Physical Biochemistry, MRC National Institute for Medical Research, The Ridgeway, Mill Hill, London NW7 1AA, UK
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Zheng YB, Shang BY, Li Y, Zhen YS. An NGR-integrated and enediyne-energized apoprotein shows CD13-targeting antitumor activity. Biomed Pharmacother 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2012.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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Chi HW, Huang CC, Chin DH. Thiols Screened by the Neocarzinostatin Protein for Preserving or Detoxifying its Bound Enediyne Antibiotic. Chemistry 2012; 18:6238-49. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201102825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2011] [Revised: 01/12/2012] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Wang SF, Si YX, Wang ZJ, Yin SJ, Yang JM, Qian GY. Folding studies on muscle type of creatine kinase from Pelodiscus sinensis. Int J Biol Macromol 2012; 50:981-90. [PMID: 22405779 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2012.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2012] [Revised: 02/22/2012] [Accepted: 02/22/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
A folding study of creatine kinase from Pelodiscus sinensis has not yet been reported. To gain more insight into structural and folding mechanisms of P. sinensis CK (PSCK), denaturants such as SDS, guanidine HCl, and urea were applied in this study. We purified PSCK from the muscle of P. sinensis and conducted inhibition kinetics with structural unfolding studies under various conditions. The results revealed that PSCK was completely inactivated at 1.8 mM SDS, 1.05 M guanidine HCl, and 7.5 M urea. The kinetics via time-interval measurements showed that the inactivation by SDS, guanidine HCl, and urea were all first-order reactions with kinetic processes shifting from monophase to biphase at increasing concentrations. With respect to tertiary structural changes, PSCK was unfolded in different ways; SDS increased the hydrophobicity but retained the most tertiary structural conformation, while guanidine HCl and urea induced conspicuous changes in tertiary structures and initiated kinetic unfolding mechanisms. Our study provides information regarding PSCK and enhances our knowledge of the reptile-derived enzyme folding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Fang Wang
- College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo 315100, PR China
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Chi HW, Chien YC, Liu CY, Tseng CJ, Lee YJ, Chan JL, Chu YR, Chin DH. Role of Steric Effects in Protein-Directed Enediyne Cycloaromatization of Neocarzinostatin. Chemistry 2010; 17:1493-506. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201002330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2010] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Hariharan P, Sudhahar CG, Chou SH, Chin DH. Lipid Bilayer-Assisted Release of an Enediyne Antibiotic from Neocarzinostatin Chromoprotein. Biochemistry 2010; 49:7722-32. [DOI: 10.1021/bi100735v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Parameswaran Hariharan
- Department of Chemistry, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan, ROC
- Institute of Biochemistry, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan, ROC
| | | | - Shan-Ho Chou
- Institute of Biochemistry, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Der-Hang Chin
- Department of Chemistry, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan, ROC
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Insight into the strong inhibitory action of salt on activity of neocarzinostatin. Bioorg Med Chem 2010; 18:1980-7. [PMID: 20137955 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2010.01.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2009] [Revised: 01/12/2010] [Accepted: 01/13/2010] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Enediyne anticancer drugs belong to one of the most potent category in inducing DNA damage. We report 85+/-5% inhibition on activity of neocarzinostatin by salt. As high sodium ion concentration is a known tumor cell feature, we explored the dynamic mechanism of inhibition. Using various analytical tools, we examined parameters involved in the four consecutive steps of the drug action, namely, drug releasing from carrier protein, drug-DNA binding, drug activating, and DNA damaging. Neither protein stability, nor drug release rate, was altered by salt. The salt inhibition level was similar in between the protein-bound and unbound enediyne chromophore. Salt did not quench the thiol-induced drug activation. The inhibition was independent of DNA lesion types and irrelevant with thiol structures. Collectively, no salt interaction was found in the releasing, activating, and DNA damaging step of the drug action. However, binding with DNA decreased linearly with salt and corresponded well with the salt-induced inhibition on the drug activity. Salt interference on the affinity of DNA binding was the main and sole cause of the severe salt inhibition. The inhibition factor should be carefully considered for all agents with similar DNA binding mode.
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Cai L, Chen H, Miao Q, Wu S, Shang Y, Zhen Y. Binding capability of the enediyne-associated apoprotein to human tumors and constitution of a ligand oligopeptide-integrated protein. J Biotechnol 2009; 144:142-50. [PMID: 19737585 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2009.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2009] [Revised: 08/16/2009] [Accepted: 09/01/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The molecule of lidamycin that belongs to the chromoprotein family of antitumor antibiotics is composed of an apoprotein (LDP) and an enediyne chromophore. The enediyne moiety of the molecule is responsible for the potent cytotoxicity; however, the biological function of the apoprotein moiety, particularly its interaction with cancer cells, remains unclear. In present study, the binding capability of LDP to human tumors was detected for the first time by tissue microarray. LDP bound to various human tumors with significant difference from the corresponding normal tissues. Positive correlation between binding activity and the overexpression of VEGF and EGFR was confirmed by lung carcinoma tissue microarray. A fusion protein LG-LDP that consists of LDP and a ligand oligopeptide to EGFR was constructed by DNA recombination. LG-LDP showed augmented binding to EGFR-overexpressing cancer cells. Furthermore, an energized fusion protein LG-LDP-AE was prepared by integrating the active enediyne (AE) into LG-LDP molecule. By MTT assay, LG-LDP-AE displayed extremely potent cytotoxicity to cancer cells with IC50 approximate to 0.01nM. The results indicate that LDP binds to various human tumors and it might serve as a delivery carrier by integration of ligand oligopeptide to manufacture motif-based, targeted fusion proteins for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Cai
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Shanmuganathan A, Kumar TKS, Huang CM, Yu C, Chin DH. A superior drug carrier--aponeocarzinostatin in partially unfolded state fully protects the labile antitumor enediyne. J Biomed Sci 2009; 16:48. [PMID: 19463188 PMCID: PMC2694159 DOI: 10.1186/1423-0127-16-48] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2009] [Accepted: 05/23/2009] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Neocarzinostatin is a potent antitumor drug consisting of an enediyne chromophore and a protein carrier. Methods We characterized an intermediate in the equilibrium unfolding pathway of aponeocarzinostatin, using a variety of biophysical techniques including 1-anilino-8-napthalene sulfonate binding studies, size-exclusion fast protein liquid chromatography, intrinsic tryptophan fluorescence, circular dichroism, and 1H-15N heteronuclear single quantum coherence spectroscopy. Results The partially unfolded protein is in molten globule-like state, in which ~60% and ~20% tertiary and secondary structure is disrupted respectively. Despite lacking a fully coordinated tertiary structure for assembling a functional binding cleft, the protein in molten globule-like state is still able to fully protect the labile chromophore. Titration of chromophore leads the partially denatured apoprotein to fold into its native state. Conclusion These findings bring insight into conserving mechanism of neocarzinostatin under harsh environment, where even the partially denatured apoprotein exhibits protective effect, confirming the superiority of the drug carrier.
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Kandaswamy J, Hariharan P, Kumar TKS, Yu C, Lu TJ, Chin DH. Is association of labile enediyne chromophore a mutually assured protection for carrier protein? Anal Biochem 2008; 381:18-26. [PMID: 18601891 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2008.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2008] [Revised: 05/31/2008] [Accepted: 06/04/2008] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Most conjugate proteins undergo both conformational and stability changes on ligand removal. When architecture remains unchanged in the protein holo and apo forms, it is uncertain whether the protein stability also remains unaltered in both of the forms. Neocarzinostatin (NCS), a chromoprotein possessing a potent enediyne chromophore stands for such an instance. Protein-chromophore interaction has not been thoroughly explored previously due to a lack of strategies to independently and simultaneously monitor changes in the NCS conjugates. Here we report a method by which one can detect the signal exclusively from only one of the NCS conjugates without the spectral interference from the other. Stability of the NCS protein is significantly correlated to the protein-bound chromophore, irrespective of denaturation by heat, pH, urea, or ethanol. Despite the similarity in protein backbone conformation, protein stability of the NCS holo form diminishes and equalizes to that of the apo form when the chromophore is released and degraded. Although the enediyne chromophore is highly unstable, it intriguingly protects the protein by which it is protected. Significant mutual reliance between the carrier protein and its naturally associated ligand unveils important information on the NCS drug stability.
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Gredicak M, Jerić I. Enediyne compounds - new promises in anticancer therapy. ACTA PHARMACEUTICA (ZAGREB, CROATIA) 2007; 57:133-50. [PMID: 17507311 DOI: 10.2478/v10007-007-0011-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Scientists of all kinds have long been intrigued by the nature, action and potential of natural toxins that possess exceptional antibacterial and anticancer activities. These compounds, named enediynes, are among the most effective chemotherapeutic agents known. Often compared with intelligent weapons, due to the unique structure and sophisticated mechanism by which they destroy double-helical DNA, enediyne antibiotics are nowadays the most promising leaders in the anticancer therapy. Apart from their diversity, enediyne compounds share some structural and functional similarities. One fragment of a structure is responsible for the recognition and transport, another part acts as molecular trigger while the third, reactive enediyne unit, undergoes Bergman cycloaromatization and causes DNA breakage. Members of the enediyne family are already in clinical use to treat various cancers, but more general use is limited by their complex structure, which makes them formidable targets for synthetic chemists. There are three main approaches in the design of new enediyne-related compounds: improvement of enediyne >>warheads<<, increasing the selectivity and control of chemical or photo-induced activation. This paper gives an overview of naturally occurring enediynes, their mode of action and efforts undertaken to design artificial enediyne-related DNA cleaving agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matija Gredicak
- Ruder Bosković Institute, Division of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry,10002 Zagreb, Croatia
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Baker JR, Woolfson DN, Muskett FW, Stoneman RG, Urbaniak MD, Caddick S. Protein–Small Molecule Interactions in Neocarzinostatin, the Prototypical Enediyne Chromoprotein Antibiotic. Chembiochem 2007; 8:704-17. [PMID: 17451164 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.200600534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The enediyne chromoproteins are a class of potent antitumour antibiotics comprising a 1:1 complex of a protein and a noncovalently bound chromophore. The protein is required to protect and transport the highly labile chromophore, which acts as the cytotoxic component by reacting with DNA leading to strand cleavage. A derivative of the best-studied member of this class, neocarzinostatin (NCS), is currently in use as a chemotherapeutic in Japan. The application of the chromoproteins as therapeutics along with their unique mode of action has prompted widespread interest in this area. Notable developments include the discovery of non-natural ligands for the apoproteins and the observation that multiple binding modes are available for these ligands in the binding site. Mutation studies on the apoproteins have revealed much about their stability and variability, and the application of an in vitro evolution method has conferred new binding specificity for unrelated ligands. These investigations hold great promise for the application of the apoproteins for drug-delivery, transport and stabilisation systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- James R Baker
- University College London, Department of Chemistry, Christopher Ingold Laboratories, 20 Gordon Street, London, WC1H 0AJ, UK
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