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Li J, Hou X, Xiao J, Zhu L, Deng Y, Li Z, Zhao Z, Luo Z, Wei H. Synthesis of New Derivatives of Berberine Canagliflozin and Study of Their Antibacterial Activity and Mechanism. Molecules 2024; 29:273. [PMID: 38202855 PMCID: PMC10780567 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29010273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The isoquinoline alkaloid berberine, derived from Coptidis rhizoma, exhibits antibacterial, hypoglycemic, and anti-inflammatory properties. Canagliflozin is a sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor. We synthesized compounds B9OC and B9OBU by conjugating canagliflozin and n-butane at the C9 position of berberine, aiming to develop antimicrobial agents for combating bacterial infections worldwide. We utilized clinically prevalent pathogenic bacteria, namely Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, to investigate the antibacterial efficacy of B9OC. This was accomplished through the determination of the MIC80 values, analysis of bacterial growth curves, evaluation of biofilm formation using crystal violet staining, assessment of impact on bacterial proteins via SDS-PAGE analysis, and observation of alterations in bacterial morphology utilizing field emission scanning electron microscopy. Meanwhile, the ADMET of compound B9OC was predicted using a computer-aided method. The findings revealed that B9OC exhibited lower minimal inhibitory concentrations against all three bacteria compared to berberine alone or in combination with canagliflozin. The minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of B9OC against the three experimental strains were determined to be 0.035, 0.258, and 0.331 mM. However, B9OBu exhibited a lower level of antimicrobial activity compared to berberine. The compound B9OC exhibits a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity by disrupting the integrity of bacterial cell walls, leading to cellular rupture and the subsequent degradation of intracellular proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinsheng Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712046, China; (J.L.); (X.H.); (H.W.)
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Huaihua University, Huaihua 418000, China; (J.X.); (L.Z.); (Y.D.); (Z.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Research and Utilization of Ethnomedicinal Plant Resources of Hunan Province, Huaihua University, Huaihua 418000, China
| | - Xueli Hou
- Department of Pharmacology, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712046, China; (J.L.); (X.H.); (H.W.)
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Huaihua University, Huaihua 418000, China; (J.X.); (L.Z.); (Y.D.); (Z.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Research and Utilization of Ethnomedicinal Plant Resources of Hunan Province, Huaihua University, Huaihua 418000, China
| | - Jinlong Xiao
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Huaihua University, Huaihua 418000, China; (J.X.); (L.Z.); (Y.D.); (Z.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Research and Utilization of Ethnomedicinal Plant Resources of Hunan Province, Huaihua University, Huaihua 418000, China
| | - Li Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Huaihua University, Huaihua 418000, China; (J.X.); (L.Z.); (Y.D.); (Z.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Research and Utilization of Ethnomedicinal Plant Resources of Hunan Province, Huaihua University, Huaihua 418000, China
| | - Yujie Deng
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Huaihua University, Huaihua 418000, China; (J.X.); (L.Z.); (Y.D.); (Z.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Research and Utilization of Ethnomedicinal Plant Resources of Hunan Province, Huaihua University, Huaihua 418000, China
| | - Ziyi Li
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Huaihua University, Huaihua 418000, China; (J.X.); (L.Z.); (Y.D.); (Z.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Research and Utilization of Ethnomedicinal Plant Resources of Hunan Province, Huaihua University, Huaihua 418000, China
| | - Zijian Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712046, China; (J.L.); (X.H.); (H.W.)
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Huaihua University, Huaihua 418000, China; (J.X.); (L.Z.); (Y.D.); (Z.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Research and Utilization of Ethnomedicinal Plant Resources of Hunan Province, Huaihua University, Huaihua 418000, China
| | - Zhenghong Luo
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Huaihua University, Huaihua 418000, China; (J.X.); (L.Z.); (Y.D.); (Z.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Research and Utilization of Ethnomedicinal Plant Resources of Hunan Province, Huaihua University, Huaihua 418000, China
| | - Hao Wei
- Department of Pharmacology, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712046, China; (J.L.); (X.H.); (H.W.)
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Huaihua University, Huaihua 418000, China; (J.X.); (L.Z.); (Y.D.); (Z.L.)
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Fu L, Mou J, Deng Y, Ren X. Structural modifications of berberine and their binding effects towards polymorphic deoxyribonucleic acid structures: A review. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:940282. [PMID: 36016553 PMCID: PMC9395745 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.940282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Berberine (BBR) is a plant derived quaternary benzylisoquinoline alkaloid, which has been widely used in traditional medicines for a long term. It possesses broad pharmacological effects and is widely applied in clinical. In recent years, the anti-tumor effects of BBR have attracted more and more attention of the researchers. The canonical right-handed double-stranded helical deoxyribonucleic acid (B-DNA) and its polymorphs occur under various environmental conditions and are involved in a plethora of genetic instability-related diseases especially tumor. BBR showed differential binding effects towards various polymorphic DNA structures. But its poor lipophilicity and fast metabolism limited its clinical utility. Structural modification of BBR is an effective approach to improve its DNA binding activity and bioavailability in vivo. A large number of studies dedicated to improving the binding affinities of BBR towards different DNA structures have been carried out and achieved tremendous advancements. In this article, the main achievements of BBR derivatives in polymorphic DNA structures binding researches in recent 20 years were reviewed. The structural modification strategy of BBR, the DNA binding effects of its derivatives, and the structure activity relationship (SAR) analysis have also been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jiajia Mou
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | | | - Xiaoliang Ren
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
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Khvostov MV, Gladkova ED, Borisov SA, Zhukova NA, Marenina MK, Meshkova YV, Luzina OA, Tolstikova TG, Salakhutdinov NF. Discovery of the First in Class 9-N-Berberine Derivative as Hypoglycemic Agent with Extra-Strong Action. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13122138. [PMID: 34959419 PMCID: PMC8708145 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13122138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Berberine is well known for its ability to reduce the blood glucose level, but its high effective dose and poor bioavailability limits its use. In this work we synthesized a new derivative of berberine, 9-(hexylamino)-2,3-methylenedioxy-10-methoxyprotoberberine chloride (SHE-196), and analyzed the profile of its hypoglycemic effects. Biological tests have shown that the substance has a very pronounced hypoglycemic activity due to increased insulin sensitivity after single and multiple dosing. In obese type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) mice, it was characterized by improved glucose tolerance, decreased fasting insulin levels and sensitivity, decreased total body weight and interscapular fat mass, and increased interscapular brown fat activity. All these effects were also confirmed histologically, where a decrease in fatty degeneration of the liver, an improvement in the condition of the islets of Langerhans and a decrease in the size of fat droplets in brown adipose tissue were found. Our results indicate that 9-(hexylamino)-2,3-methylenedioxy-10-methoxyprotoberberine chloride could be the first in a new series of therapeutic agents for the treatment of diabetes mellitus.
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Shakeel M, Butt TM, Zubair M, Siddiqi HM, Janjua NK, Akhter Z, Yaqub A, Mahmood S. Electrochemical investigations of DNA-Intercalation potency of bisnitrophenoxy compounds with different alkyl chain lengths. Heliyon 2020; 6:e04124. [PMID: 32548325 PMCID: PMC7284074 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, the binding tendency of bisnitrophenoxy compounds (BN) having different methylene (-CH2-)n spacer groups (n = 8-11) with fish sperm double stranded deoxyribonucleic acid (dsDNA) was explored. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) was used to evaluate various kinetic and binding parameters (Ks,h, Do, K b and binding site sizes). Performed electrochemical studies designated strong contact of these symmetric molecules with dsDNA in threading intercalation mode of binding. The number (n) of methylene spacer group in the molecular structure of bisnitrophenoxy compounds, e.g., BN-8 (1-nitro-4-(8-(4-nitrophenoxy)octyloxy)benzene, was observed to have a strong influence on their binding affinity. Decreased peak current values and positively shifted peak potentials recorded via cyclic voltammetry clearly depicted that bisnitrophenoxy compounds can intercalate with dsDNA. Results demonstrated the following order of binding constants; K b (M-1): BN-8 (2.32 × 104) < BN-9 (5.73 × 104) < BN-10 (8.97 × 104) < BN-11 (17.34 × 104). The order of increasing binding sites from BN-8 (0.13) to BN-11 (1.38), revealed the maximum threading intercalation strength by bisnitrophenoxy compound having the longest methylene spacer (n = 11). Thermodynamic studies augmented the strong binding of BN-11 with dsDNA as compared to BN-8 because of the long-chain, -CH2- spacer in its structure. The spontaneity of dsDNA-binding was revealed by the negative ΔG values for interaction of all the compounds. Moreover, binding parameters from thermodynamic and kinetic studies also corresponded to the threading intercalation mode of interaction, which itself points to the potency of the envisioned drug-like molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Shakeel
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | | | - Maria Zubair
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | | | | | - Zareen Akhter
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Azra Yaqub
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan.,Chemistry Division, Directorate of Science, Pakistan Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology (PINSTECH), P.O. Nilore, Islamabad, 45650, Pakistan
| | - Sadia Mahmood
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
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Chatterjee S, Suresh Kumar G. Small molecule induced poly(A) single strand to self-structure conformational switching: evidence for the prominent role of H-bonding interactions. MOLECULAR BIOSYSTEMS 2018; 13:1000-1009. [PMID: 28405661 DOI: 10.1039/c7mb00031f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
All messenger RNAs (mRNAs) have a polyadenylic acid tail that is added during post transcriptional RNA processing. Investigation of the structure-function and interactions of polyadenylic acid is an important area to target for cancer and related diseases. Jatrorrhizine and coptisine are two important isoquinoline alkaloids that are structurally very similar, differing only in the substituents on the isoquinoline chromophore. Here we demonstrate that these alkaloids differentially induce a self-structure in single stranded poly(A) using absorbance, thermal melting and differential scanning calorimetry experiments. Jatrorrhizine was found to be more effective than coptisine in binding to poly(A) from spectroscopy and calorimetry data. Molecular modeling results suggested the involvement of more H-bonds in the complexation of the former with poly(A). It appears that the presence of substituents on the alkaloid that can form H-bonding interactions with the adenine nucleotides may play a critical role in the binding and structural rearrangement of poly(A) into the self-structure. The atomic force microscopy data directly visualized the poly(A) self-structured network. We propose a plausible mechanism of the small molecule induced self-structure formation in poly(A). The results presented here may help in the design of effective poly(A) targeted molecules for therapeutic use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabyasachi Chatterjee
- Biophysical Chemistry Laboratory, Organic and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4, Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700 032, India.
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Pharmacokinetics, excretion of 8-cetylberberine and its main metabolites in rat urine. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2017; 132:195-206. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2016.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2016] [Revised: 09/04/2016] [Accepted: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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7
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Zhou X, Chen M, Zheng Z, Zhu GY, Jiang ZH, Bai LP. Synthesis and evaluation of novel 12-aryl berberine analogues with hypoxia-inducible factor-1 inhibitory activity. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra02238g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Seven novel 12-phenyl berberines (3a–3f, 3k) showed more potent inhibitory effect on hypoxia-induced HIF-1 transcriptional activity than the parent berberine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobo Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine
- Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health
- Macau University of Science and Technology
- Taipa
- China
| | - Ming Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine
- Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health
- Macau University of Science and Technology
- Taipa
- China
| | - Zhiyuan Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine
- Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health
- Macau University of Science and Technology
- Taipa
- China
| | - Guo-Yuan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine
- Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health
- Macau University of Science and Technology
- Taipa
- China
| | - Zhi-Hong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine
- Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health
- Macau University of Science and Technology
- Taipa
- China
| | - Li-Ping Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine
- Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health
- Macau University of Science and Technology
- Taipa
- China
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Yang F, Wang J, Tang J, Yu LF, Li J, Li JY. Berberine Analogues: Progress towards Versatile Applications. HETEROCYCLES 2015. [DOI: 10.3987/rev-15-825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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9
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Wang YM, Zhou CQ, Chen JX, Chen WH. Synthesis and DNA-binding Properties of Trehalose-tethered Monomeric and Dimeric Berberines. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2013. [DOI: 10.5012/bkcs.2013.34.3.749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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10
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Basu A, Jaisankar P, Suresh Kumar G. Binding of the 9-O-N-aryl/arylalkyl amino carbonyl methyl substituted berberine analogs to tRNA(phe.). PLoS One 2013; 8:e58279. [PMID: 23526972 PMCID: PMC3602459 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0058279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2012] [Accepted: 02/01/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Three new analogs of berberine with aryl/arylalkyl amino carbonyl methyl substituent at the 9-position of the isoquinoline chromophore along with berberrubine were studied for their binding to tRNAphe by wide variety of biophysical techniques like spectrophotometry, spectrofluorimetry, circular dichroism, thermal melting, viscosity and isothermal titration calorimetry. Methodology/Principal Findings Scatchard binding isotherms revealed that the cooperative binding mode of berberine was propagated in the analogs also. Thermal melting studies showed that all the 9-O-N-aryl/arylalkyl amino carbonyl methyl substituted berberine analogs stabilized the tRNAphe more in comparison to berberine. Circular dichroism studies showed that these analogs perturbed the structure of tRNAphe more in comparison to berberine. Ferrocyanide quenching studies and viscosity results proved the intercalative binding mode of these analogs into the helical organization of tRNAphe. The binding was entropy driven for the analogs in sharp contrast to the enthalpy driven binding of berberine. The introduction of the aryl/arylalkyl amino carbonyl methyl substituent at the 9-position thus switched the enthalpy driven binding of berberine to entropy dominated binding. Salt and temperature dependent calorimetric studies established the involvement of multiple weak noncovalent interactions in the binding process. Conclusions/Significance The results showed that 9-O-N-aryl/arylalkyl amino carbonyl methyl substituted berberine analogs exhibited almost ten folds higher binding affinity to tRNAphe compared to berberine whereas the binding of berberrubine was dramatically reduced by about twenty fold in comparison to berberine. The spacer length of the substitution at the 9-position of the isoquinoline chromophore appears to be critical in modulating the binding affinities towards tRNAphe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anirban Basu
- Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
- Biophysical Chemistry Laboratory, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
| | | | - Gopinatha Suresh Kumar
- Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
- Biophysical Chemistry Laboratory, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
- * E-mail:
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Wang YM, Zhou CQ, Chen JX, Lin YL, Zeng W, Kuang BC, Fu WL, Chen WH. Facile synthesis of a polyether-tethered dimeric berberine as a highly effective DNA-cleaving agent in the presence of Cu(ii) ion. MEDCHEMCOMM 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3md00136a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Bhowmik D, Das S, Hossain M, Haq L, Suresh Kumar G. Biophysical characterization of the strong stabilization of the RNA triplex poly(U)•poly(A)*poly(U) by 9-O-(ω-amino) alkyl ether berberine analogs. PLoS One 2012; 7:e37939. [PMID: 22666416 PMCID: PMC3362543 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0037939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2012] [Accepted: 04/26/2012] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Binding of two 9-O-(ω-amino) alkyl ether berberine analogs BC1 and BC2 to the RNA triplex poly(U)(•)poly(A)(*)poly(U) was studied by various biophysical techniques. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Berberine analogs bind to the RNA triplex non-cooperatively. The affinity of binding was remarkably high by about 5 and 15 times, respectively, for BC1 and BC2 compared to berberine. The site size for the binding was around 4.3 for all. Based on ferrocyanide quenching, fluorescence polarization, quantum yield values and viscosity results a strong intercalative binding of BC1 and BC2 to the RNA triplex has been demonstrated. BC1 and BC2 stabilized the Hoogsteen base paired third strand by about 18.1 and 20.5 °C compared to a 17.5 °C stabilization by berberine. The binding was entropy driven compared to the enthalpy driven binding of berbeine, most likely due to additional contacts within the grooves of the triplex and disruption of the water structure by the alkyl side chain. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE Remarkably higher binding affinity and stabilization effect of the RNA triplex by the amino alkyl berberine analogs was achieved compared to berberine. The length of the alkyl side chain influence in the triplex stabilization phenomena.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debipreeta Bhowmik
- Biophysical Chemistry Laboratory, Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
| | - Suman Das
- Department of Chemistry, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India
| | - Maidul Hossain
- Biophysical Chemistry Laboratory, Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
| | - Lucy Haq
- Department of Chemistry, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India
| | - Gopinatha Suresh Kumar
- Biophysical Chemistry Laboratory, Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
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Synthesis and human telomeric G-quadruplex DNA-binding activity of glucosaminosides of shikonin/alkannin. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2012; 22:1582-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2011.12.143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2011] [Revised: 12/24/2011] [Accepted: 12/29/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Bodiwala HS, Sabde S, Mitra D, Bhutani KK, Singh IP. Synthesis of 9-substituted derivatives of berberine as anti-HIV agents. Eur J Med Chem 2011; 46:1045-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2011.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2010] [Revised: 01/06/2011] [Accepted: 01/12/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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15
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Islam MM, Basu A, Suresh Kumar G. Binding of 9-O-(ω-amino) alkyl ether analogues of the plant alkaloid berberine to poly(A): insights into self-structure induction. MEDCHEMCOMM 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c0md00209g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Cui JS, Xu F, Pang JY, Chen WH, Jiang ZH. Synthesis and DNA-Binding Affinities of Protoberberine-Based Multivalent Agents. Chem Biodivers 2010; 7:2908-16. [DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.200900386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Bhadra K, Kumar GS. Therapeutic potential of nucleic acid-binding isoquinoline alkaloids: Binding aspects and implications for drug design. Med Res Rev 2010; 31:821-62. [DOI: 10.1002/med.20202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 219] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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18
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Bai LP, Cai Z, Zhao ZZ, Nakatani K, Jiang ZH. Site-specific binding of chelerythrine and sanguinarine to single pyrimidine bulges in hairpin DNA. Anal Bioanal Chem 2008; 392:709-16. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-008-2302-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2008] [Revised: 06/02/2008] [Accepted: 07/17/2008] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Zhang WJ, Ou TM, Lu YJ, Huang YY, Wu WB, Huang ZS, Zhou JL, Wong KY, Gu LQ. 9-Substituted berberine derivatives as G-quadruplex stabilizing ligands in telomeric DNA. Bioorg Med Chem 2007; 15:5493-501. [PMID: 17574421 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2007.05.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2007] [Revised: 05/16/2007] [Accepted: 05/19/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The interaction of berberine and its 9-substituted derivatives with human telomeric DNA d[G(3)(T(2)AG(3))(3)](telo21) has been investigated via CD spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, PCR-stop assay, competitive dialysis, and telomerase repeat amplification protocol (TRAP) assay. The results indicated that these semisynthesized compounds could induce and stabilize the formation of anti-parallel G-quadruplex of telomeric DNA in the presence or absence of metal cations. Compared with berberine, the 9-substituted derivatives exhibit stronger binding affinity with G-quadruplex and higher inhibitory activity for telomerase. Introduction of a side chain with proper length of methylene and terminal amino group to the 9-position of berberine would significantly strengthen the binding affinity with G-quadruplex, resulting in increasing inhibitory effects on the amplification of telo21 DNA and on the telomerase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Jin Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, People's Republic of China
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Qin Y, Pang JY, Chen WH, Zhao ZZ, Liu L, Jiang ZH. Inhibition of DNA Topoisomerase I by Natural and Synthetic Mono- and Dimeric Protoberberine Alkaloids. Chem Biodivers 2007; 4:481-7. [PMID: 17372950 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.200790040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
A series of natural (i.e., 1-7) and synthetic (i.e., 8-23) protoberberine alkaloids were evaluated for their inhibitory activities towards DNA topoisomerase I. Both the natural, monomeric protoberberine alkaloids and their mono-modified congeners showed only minor activities. In contrast, most of the dimeric protoberberine alkaloids, especially compounds 12-22, were highly active, with a similar cleavage efficiency as camptothecin (CPT), a well-known, potent topoisomerase-I inhibitor. Thus, these dimeric compounds are promising candidates to be further elaborated as anticancer leads. The mechanism of topoisomerase-I inhibition seems to be dependent on drug concentration for the dimeric protoberberines. At low concentration, they exhibit similar characteristics as CPT. At high concentration, this ability is mostly lost, and the dimers inhibit the relaxation activity of topoisomerase I. Thus, we suppose that the active, dimeric protoberberines strongly bind to plasmid DNA at elevated drug concentration. This most likely results in blocking the enzyme's access to plasmid DNA, thus inhibiting its relaxation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Qin
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong
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Pang JY, Long YH, Chen WH, Jiang ZH. Amplification of DNA-binding affinities of protoberberine alkaloids by appended polyamines. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2007; 17:1018-21. [PMID: 17127054 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2006.11.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2006] [Revised: 10/25/2006] [Accepted: 11/13/2006] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
This communication describes a synthetic approach toward the amplification of the moderate DNA-binding affinities of protoberberine alkaloids. Specifically, three protoberberine derivatives bearing two to six primary amino groups at the 3- and 9-positions of protoberberine were synthesized and characterized by NMR ((1)H and (13)C) and HRMS. Studies on their affinities toward calf thymus (CT) DNA by ethidium bromide (EB) displacement and spectrophotometric titration experiments indicate that these polyamino protoberberines show more than 10(3)-fold enhanced DNA-binding affinities relative to palmatine and thus are exploitable as strong DNA-binders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Yan Pang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
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Protoberberine Alkaloids: Physicochemical and Nucleic Acid Binding Properties. TOPICS IN HETEROCYCLIC CHEMISTRY 2007. [DOI: 10.1007/7081_2007_071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Maiti M, Kumar GS. Molecular aspects on the interaction of protoberberine, benzophenanthridine, and aristolochia group of alkaloids with nucleic acid structures and biological perspectives. Med Res Rev 2007; 27:649-95. [PMID: 16894530 DOI: 10.1002/med.20087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Alkaloids occupy an important position in chemistry and pharmacology. Among the various alkaloids, berberine and coralyne of the protoberberine group, sanguinarine of the benzophenanthridine group, and aristololactam-beta-d-glucoside of the aristolochia group have potential to form molecular complexes with nucleic acid structures and have attracted recent attention for their prospective clinical and pharmacological utility. This review highlights (i) the physicochemical properties of these alkaloids under various environmental conditions, (ii) the structure and functional aspects of various forms of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) (B-form, Z-form, H(L)-form, protonated form, and triple helical form) and ribonucleic acid (RNA) (A-form, protonated form, and triple helical form), and (iii) the interaction of these alkaloids with various polymorphic DNA and RNA structures reported by several research groups employing various analytical techniques like absorbance, fluorescence, circular dichroism, and NMR spectroscopy; electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, thermal melting, viscosity, and DNase footprinting as well as molecular modeling and thermodynamic studies to provide detailed binding mechanism at the molecular level for structure-activity relationship. Nucleic acids binding properties of these alkaloids are interpreted in relation to their biological activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Motilal Maiti
- Biophysical Chemistry Laboratory, Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata 700 032, India.
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