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Majhi S. Recent developments in the synthesis and anti-cancer activity of acridine and xanthine-based molecules. PHYSICAL SCIENCES REVIEWS 2022. [DOI: 10.1515/psr-2021-0216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Cancer is the uncontrolled growth and development of abnormal cells which is a major cause of death in both advanced and emerging countries. Although currently chemotherapy is most broadly used among an extensive range of anti-cancer therapies, it includes many demerits, such as highly toxic, side-effects, expensive and partial lack of targeting specificity. So the design and synthesis of new molecules that perform specifically on target proteins in tumor cells is a focus of contemporary research. So many researchers aim for new drugs that will be more efficient, more selective, and less toxic. Because of the interesting structures and significant biological profile, naturally occurring acridines and xanthines as well as their analogues have attracted considerable interest in researchers and technologists. Natural and synthetic acridine derivatives form a significant category of heterocycles having nitrogen that is of considerable interest for organic chemists and biological communities due to their attractive anti-cancer activity. Another important class of therapeutic agents with diverse biological properties including cytotoxic effects is xanthine derivatives which are collectively called xanthines (a group of alkaloids). Among many significant molecules based on the structure of the purine, there is a group of natural xanthines, involving theobromine, caffeine, and theophylline and analogues of xanthine display anti-cancer activity. Hence the present chapter wishes to concentrate the attention on the synthesis and anti-cancer activity of acridine and xanthine-based compounds brilliantly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sasadhar Majhi
- Department of Chemistry (UG & PG Dept.) , Triveni Devi Bhalotia College, Kazi Nazrul University , Raniganj , West Bengal 713347 , India
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Angajala G, Aruna V, Pavan P, Reddy PG. Ultrasound promoted montmorillonite K-10 catalyzed synthesis, characterization, molecular modelling, SAR and hypoglycemic studies of new rhodanine bejeweled acridine analogues. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.130828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Baglini E, Salerno S, Barresi E, Robello M, Da Settimo F, Taliani S, Marini AM. Multiple Topoisomerase I (TopoI), Topoisomerase II (TopoII) and Tyrosyl-DNA Phosphodiesterase (TDP) inhibitors in the development of anticancer drugs. Eur J Pharm Sci 2021; 156:105594. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2020.105594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Tolan HEM, Radwan MAA, Soliman HA, Awad HM, El-Sayed WA. Synthesis and Anti-Proliferative Activity of New Acridinyl and Benzothiazolyl-Based Triazole Glycosides via Click Cycloaddition and Their Tetrazolyl Analogs. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s1068162020060345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Shaikh MN, Kalanthoden AN, Ali M, Haque MA, Aziz MA, Abdelnaby MM, Rani SK, Bakare AI. Platinum Nanoparticle Based Dip‐Catalyst for Facile Hydrogenation of Quinoline, Unfunctionalized Olefins, and Imines. ChemistrySelect 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202003178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Nasiruzzaman Shaikh
- Center of Research Excellence in Nanotechnology (CENT) King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals (KFUPM) Dhahran 31261 Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdul N. Kalanthoden
- BSA Crescent Institute of Science and Technology GST Road Chennai Tamil Nadu India
| | - Muhammad Ali
- Center of Research Excellence in Nanotechnology (CENT) King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals (KFUPM) Dhahran 31261 Saudi Arabia
| | - Md. Azazul Haque
- Department of Mechanical Engineering King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals Dhahran 31261 Saudi Arabia
| | - Md. Abdul Aziz
- Center of Research Excellence in Nanotechnology (CENT) King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals (KFUPM) Dhahran 31261 Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmoud M. Abdelnaby
- Center of Research Excellence in Nanotechnology (CENT) King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals (KFUPM) Dhahran 31261 Saudi Arabia
- King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology - Technology Innovation Center on Carbon Capture and Sequestration (KACST-TIC on CCS), KFUPM Dhahran 31261 Saudi Arabia
| | - S. Kutti Rani
- BSA Crescent Institute of Science and Technology GST Road Chennai Tamil Nadu India
| | - Akolade Idris Bakare
- Center of Research Excellence in Nanotechnology (CENT) King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals (KFUPM) Dhahran 31261 Saudi Arabia
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Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Some 1,8-Naphthalimide-Acridinyl Hybrids. J CHEM-NY 2020. [DOI: 10.1155/2020/7989852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, the synthesis of three 1,8-naphthalimide-acridinyl hybrids (2a, 2b, and 5b) using N-amido-1,8-naphthalimides (1 and 4) and acridinyl isothiocyanates is reported. The newly synthesized hybrids were evaluated for their anticancer activity in six human cancer cell lines (HL-60, MT-4, HepG2, HeLa, SK-OV-3, and MCF-7). Their inhibition activity against DNA-topoisomerase I (Topo I) and Electrophorus electricus acetylcholinesterase (AChE) was also studied. The results indicate that 2b displayed good cytotoxicity for MT-4, HepG2, HeLa, and SK-OV-3 with the IC50 values of 14.66 ± 0.31, 27.32 ± 2.67, 17.51 ± 0.34, and 32.26 ± 1.74 μM, respectively. All compounds, especially 2b, exhibited obvious bands corresponding to DNA fragments at 0.5 mM concentration, further confirming the pharmacological mechanism related to the Topo I inhibitory activities. In addition, compound 2a exhibited higher inhibition activity against AChE than 2b and 5b, with IC50 values of 0.32 ± 0.04 mM, and the acridinyl ring may contribute to the activity of 2a.
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Chen R, Huo L, Jaiswal Y, Huang J, Zhong Z, Zhong J, Williams L, Xia X, Liang Y, Yan Z. Design, Synthesis, Antimicrobial, and Anticancer Activities of Acridine Thiosemicarbazides Derivatives. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24112065. [PMID: 31151235 PMCID: PMC6600397 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24112065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Revised: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Acridine and thiourea derivatives are important compounds in medicinal chemistry due to their diverse biological properties including anticancer and antimicrobial effects. However, literature reveals some side effects associated with use of acridines. It is suggested that hybrid molecules may reduce the side effects and enhance the beneficial properties due to synergistic activity. The objectives of the present study are to synthesize and evaluate the anticancer and antimicrobial properties of new hybrids of acridine thiosemicarbazides derivatives. Results: The structures of the synthesized compounds 4a-4e were elucidated by MS and NMR spectra. In antimicrobial assay, Compound 4c exhibited potent antimicrobial activity compared to the other four compounds. In anticancer studies, we observed that compounds 4a, 4b, 4d and 4e exhibited high cytotoxicity against the MT-4 cell line, with IC50 values of 18.42 ± 1.18, 15.73 ± 0.90, 10.96 ± 0.62 and 11.63 ± 0.11 μM, respectively. The evaluation of anticancer effects, and the associated mechanism reveals that, the anticancer activities may be related to Topo I inhibitory activity, apoptosis and cell-cycle. Molecular docking studies revealed that the presence of planar naphtho-fused rings and a flexible thiourea group together, could improve DNA-intercalation and inhibition of DNA-Topo I activity. Conclusions: The results of this study demonstrate that the rational design of target derivatives as novel antimicrobial or antitumor leads is feasible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530222, China.
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine Science, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530222, China.
| | - Lini Huo
- College of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530222, China.
| | - Yogini Jaiswal
- Center for Excellence in Post-Harvest Technologies, North Carolina A&T State University, The North Carolina Research Campus, 500 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC-28081, USA.
| | - Jiayong Huang
- College of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530222, China.
| | - Zhenguo Zhong
- College of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530222, China.
| | - Jing Zhong
- College of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530222, China.
| | - Leonard Williams
- Center for Excellence in Post-Harvest Technologies, North Carolina A&T State University, The North Carolina Research Campus, 500 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC-28081, USA.
| | - Xing Xia
- College of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530222, China.
| | - Yan Liang
- College of Pharmacy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China.
| | - Zhenshuo Yan
- College of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530222, China.
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Lee YJ, Wu CC, Li JW, Ou CC, Hsu SC, Tseng HH, Kao MC, Liu JY. A rational approach for cancer stem-like cell isolation and characterization using CD44 and prominin-1(CD133) as selection markers. Oncotarget 2018; 7:78499-78515. [PMID: 27655682 PMCID: PMC5346656 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2015] [Accepted: 09/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The availability of adequate cancer stem cells or cancer stem-like cell (CSC) is important in cancer study. From ovarian cancer cell lines, SKOV3 and OVCAR3, we induced peritoneal ascites tumors in immunodeficient mice. Among the cells (SKOV3.PX1 and OVCAR3.PX1) from those tumors, we sorted both CD44 and CD133 positive cells (SKOV3.PX1_133+44+, OVCAR3.PX1_133+44+), which manifest the characteristics of self-renewal, multi-lineage differentiation, chemoresistance and tumorigenicity, those of cancer stem-like cells (CSLC). Intraperitoneal transplantation of these CD44 and CD133 positive cells resulted in poorer survival in the engrafted animals. Clinically, increased CD133 expression was found in moderately and poorly differentiated (grade II and III) ovarian serous cystadenocarcinomas. The ascites tumor cells from human ovarian cancers demonstrated more CD133 and CD44 expressions than those from primary ovarian or metastatic tumors and confer tumorigenicity in immunodeficient mice. Compared to their parental cells, the SKOV3.PX1_133+44+ and OVCAR3.PX1_133+44+ cells uniquely expressed 5 CD markers (CD97, CD104, CD107a, CD121a, and CD125). Among these markers, CD97, CD104, CD107a, and CD121a are significantly more expressed in the CD133+ and CD44+ double positive cells of human ovarian ascites tumor cells (Ascites_133+44+) than those from primary ovarian or metastatic tumors. The cancer stem-like cells were enriched from 3% to more than 70% after this manipulation. This intraperitoneal enrichment of cancer stem-like cells, from ovarian cancer cell lines or primary ovarian tumor, potentially provides an adequate amount of ovarian cancer stem-like cells for the ovarian cancer study and possibly benefits cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Jen Lee
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Cheng Wu
- Chief of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tri-Service General Hospital Penghu Branch, Penghu, Taiwan
| | - Jhy-Wei Li
- Chief of Pathology, Da-Chien General Hospital, Miaoli, Taiwan.,Department of Rehabilitation science, Jente Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Chih Ou
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Chung Hsu
- Medical Care and Management, Kang-Ning Junior College, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsiu-Hsueh Tseng
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Ching Kao
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Biochemistry, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jah-Yao Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
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Synthesis of acridine cyclic imide hybrid molecules and their evaluation for anticancer activity. Med Chem Res 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-015-1380-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Tacrine derivatives as dual topoisomerase I and II catalytic inhibitors. Bioorg Chem 2015; 59:168-76. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2015.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2014] [Revised: 02/25/2015] [Accepted: 03/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Sharma S, Singh H, Singh H, Mohinder Singh Bedi P. Chemotherapeutic Potential of Acridine Analogs: An Ample Review. HETEROCYCLES 2015. [DOI: 10.3987/rev-15-826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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W. Gribble G, D. Mosher M, D. Jaycox G, Cory M, A. Fairley T. Potential DNA Bis-Intercalating Agents. Synthesis and Antitumor Activity of N,N'-(Methylenedi-4,1-cyclohexanediyl-bis(9-acridinamine) Isomers. HETEROCYCLES 2014. [DOI: 10.3987/com-13-s(s)77] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Azab HA, Hussein BH, El-Azab MF, Gomaa M, El-Falouji AI. Bis(acridine-9-carboxylate)-nitro-europium(III) dihydrate complex a new apoptotic agent through Flk-1 down regulation, caspase-3 activation and oligonucleosomes DNA fragmentation. Bioorg Med Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2012.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Increasing antitumor activity in vivo by enhancing acridine dimer solubility with salt preparations. Med Chem Res 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-009-9213-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Hsu SC, Ou CC, Li JW, Chuang TC, Kuo HP, Liu JY, Chen CS, Lin SC, Su CH, Kao MC. Ganoderma tsugae extracts inhibit colorectal cancer cell growth via G(2)/M cell cycle arrest. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2008; 120:394-401. [PMID: 18951965 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2008.09.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2008] [Revised: 07/12/2008] [Accepted: 09/11/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Ganoderma, known as Lingzhi or Reishi, has been traditionally administered throughout Asia for centuries as a cancer treatment and for other medicinal purposes. AIM OF THE STUDY To investigate the inhibitory activity and explore the molecular mechanisms of anti-tumor effect on colorectal cancer cells in vitro and in vivo as well as to test the side effects of Ganoderma tsugae. MATERIALS AND METHODS Methanol fraction was obtained from dried fruiting bodies of Ganoderma. TLC and HPLC were performed to differentiate and confirm the identification of different species as well as to quantify the bioactive molecules in methanol extracts of Ganoderma species. MTT and Trypan blue exclusion assay as well as tumorigenesis study were used to assess the anti-tumor effect in vitro and in vivo. Using flow cytometry and Western Blots, we examined further the molecular mechanisms of anti-tumor effect. Finally, biochemical and hematological profiles and pathological examinations were used to evaluate the safety. RESULTS The Ganoderma tsugae extracts inhibit colorectal cancer cell proliferation caused by accumulating cells in G(2)/M phase, and it may be through downregulation of cyclin A and B1 and upregulation of p21 and p27. Tumorigenesis study in nude mice revealed the extracts caused tumor shrinkage. Additionally, safety assay showed Ganoderma tsugae extracts caused no significant side effects in an animal model. CONCLUSIONS This study provides molecular evidence that Ganoderma tsugae extracts exert anti-tumor effects both in vitro and in vivo on colorectal adenocarcinoma cells by inducing G(2)/M cell cycle arrest. More importantly, no significant physiological changes resulting from treatment with Ganoderma tsugae extracts were observed in the animal model. Therefore, these data provide new insights into the possible therapeutic use of Ganoderma tsugae for treating colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Chung Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Kang-Ning Junior College of Medical Care and Management, Taipei, Taiwan
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Vanlaer S, De Borggraeve WM, Voet A, Gielens C, De Maeyer M, Compernolle F. Spirocyclic Pyridoazepine Analogues of Galanthamine: Synthesis, Modelling Studies and Evaluation as Inhibitors of Acetylcholinesterase. European J Org Chem 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200800062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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