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Synthesis and Structural Characterization of Pyridine-2,6-dicarboxamide and Furan-2,5-dicarboxamide Derivatives. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27061819. [PMID: 35335183 PMCID: PMC8948770 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27061819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Derivatives based on pyridine-2-6- and furan-2,5-dicarboxamide scaffolds reveal numerous chemical properties and biological activities. This fact makes them an exciting research topic in supramolecular and coordination chemistry and in discovering new pharmacologically-active compounds. This work aimed to obtain a series of symmetrical pyridine-2-6- and furan-2,5-dicarboxamides through a condensation reaction of the appropriate acyl chlorides and aromatic amides. Successful syntheses were confirmed with NMR spectroscopy. We solved their crystal structures for seven compounds; two pyridine and five furan derivatives. Based on our crystallographic studies, we were able to indicate supramolecular features of the crystals under investigation. Additionally, Hirshfeld surface analysis allowed us to calculate a distribution of intermolecular contacts in the dicarboxamide crystals.
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Subramanian P, Indu S, Kaliappan KP. A One-Pot Copper Catalyzed Biomimetic Route to N-Heterocyclic Amides from Methyl Ketones via Oxidative C–C Bond Cleavage. Org Lett 2014; 16:6212-5. [DOI: 10.1021/ol5031266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Satrajit Indu
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Krishna P. Kaliappan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
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Cheng N, Yan Q, Liu S, Zhao D. Probing the intermolecular interactions of aromatic amides containing N-heterocycles and triptycene. CrystEngComm 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ce00089g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Gaboriaud-Kolar N, Skaltsounis AL. Glycogen phosphorylase inhibitors: a patent review (2008 - 2012). Expert Opin Ther Pat 2013; 23:1017-32. [PMID: 23627914 DOI: 10.1517/13543776.2013.794790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Glycogen phosphorylase (GP) is the enzyme responsible for the synthesis of glucose-1-phosphate, the source of energy for muscles and the rest of the body. The binding of different ligands in catalytic or allosteric sites assures activation and deactivation of the enzyme. A description of the regulation mechanism and the implications in glycogen metabolism are given. AREAS COVERED Deregulation of GP has been observed in diseases such as diabetes mellitus or cancers. Therefore, it appears as an attractive therapeutic target for the treatment of such pathologies. Numbers of inhibitors have been published in academic literature or patented in the last two decades. This review presents the main patent claims published between 2008 and 2012. EXPERT OPINION Good inhibitors with interesting IC50 and in vivo results are presented. However, such therapeutic strategy raises questions and some answers are proposed to bring new insights in the field.
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Zhang L, Chen X, Liu J, Zhu Q, Leng Y, Luo X, Jiang H, Liu H. Discovery of novel dual-action antidiabetic agents that inhibit glycogen phosphorylase and activate glucokinase. Eur J Med Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2012.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Krimm I, Lancelin JM, Praly JP. Binding evaluation of fragment-based scaffolds for probing allosteric enzymes. J Med Chem 2012; 55:1287-95. [PMID: 22229710 DOI: 10.1021/jm201439b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Fragment-based drug discovery has become a powerful method for the generation of drug leads against therapeutic targets. Beyond the identification of novel and effective starting points for drug design, fragments have emerged as reliable tools for assessing protein druggability and identifying protein hot spots. Here, we have examined fragments resulting from the deconstruction of known inhibitors from the glycogen phosphorylase enzyme, a therapeutic target against type 2 diabetes, with two motivations. First, we have analyzed the fragment binding to the multiple binding sites of the glycogen phosphorylase, and then we have investigated the use of fragments to study allosteric enzymes. The work we report illustrates the power of fragmentlike ligands not only for probing the various binding pockets of proteins, but also for uncovering cooperativity between these various binding sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Krimm
- Institut des Sciences Analytiques, UMR CNRS 5280, Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Bât. CPE Lyon, Domaine scientifique de la Doua, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France.
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Habash M, Taha MO. Ligand-based modelling followed by synthetic exploration unveil novel glycogen phosphorylase inhibitory leads. Bioorg Med Chem 2011; 19:4746-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2011.06.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2011] [Revised: 06/28/2011] [Accepted: 06/29/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Chen Z, Wang X, Zhu W, Cao X, Tong L, Li H, Xie H, Xu Y, Tan S, Kuang D, Ding J, Qian X. Acenaphtho[1,2-b]pyrrole-Based Selective Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptors 1 (FGFR1) Inhibitors: Design, Synthesis, and Biological Activity. J Med Chem 2011; 54:3732-45. [DOI: 10.1021/jm200258t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
- Division of Anti-Tumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Weiping Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Xianwen Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Linjiang Tong
- Division of Anti-Tumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Honglin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Hua Xie
- Division of Anti-Tumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yufang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Shaoying Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Dong Kuang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Jian Ding
- Division of Anti-Tumor Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xuhong Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
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Liang Z, Shi T, Ouyang S, Li H, Yu K, Zhu W, Luo C, Jiang H. Investigation of the catalytic mechanism of Sir2 enzyme with QM/MM approach: SN1 vs SN2? J Phys Chem B 2011; 114:11927-33. [PMID: 20726530 DOI: 10.1021/jp1054183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Sir2, the histone deacetylase III family, has been subjected to a wide range of studies because of their crucial roles in DNA repair, longevity, transcriptional silencing, genome stability, apoptosis, and fat mobilization. The enzyme binds NAD(+) and acetyllysine as substrates and generates lysine, 2'-O-acetyl-ADP-ribose, and nicotinamide as products. However, the mechanism of the first step in Sir2 deacetylation reaction from various studies is controversial. To characterize this catalytic mechanism of acetyllysine deacetylation by Sir2, we employed a combined computational approach to carry out molecular modeling, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics (QM/MM) calculations on catalysis by both yeast Hst2 (homologue of SIR two 2) and bacterial Sir2TM (Sir2 homologue from Thermatoga maritima). Our three-dimensional (3D) model of the complex is composed of Sir2 protein, NAD(+), and acetyllysine (ALY) substrate. A 15-ns MD simulation of the complex revealed that Gln115 and His135 play a determining role in deacetylation. These two residues can act as bases to facilitate the deprotonation of 2'-OH from N-ribose. The result is in great agreement with previous mutagenesis analysis data. QM/MM calculations were further performed to study the mechanism of the first step in deacetylation in the two systems. The predicted potential energy barriers for yHst2 and Sir2TM are 12.0 and 15.7 kcal/mol, respectively. The characteristics of the potential energy surface indicated this reaction belongs to a SN2-like mechanism. These results provide insights into the Sir2 mechanism of nicotinamide inhibition and have important implications for the discovery of effectors against Sir2 enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongjie Liang
- Drug Discovery and Design Center, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
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Discovery of a series of indan carboxylic acid glycogen phosphorylase inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2010; 20:3511-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2010.04.147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2010] [Revised: 04/28/2010] [Accepted: 04/29/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Benzamide derivatives as dual-action hypoglycemic agents that inhibit glycogen phosphorylase and activate glucokinase. Bioorg Med Chem 2009; 17:7301-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2009.08.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2009] [Revised: 08/19/2009] [Accepted: 08/20/2009] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Thomson SA, Banker P, Bickett DM, Boucheron JA, Carter HL, Clancy DC, Cooper JP, Dickerson SH, Garrido DM, Nolte RT, Peat AJ, Sheckler LR, Sparks SM, Tavares FX, Wang L, Wang TY, Weiel JE. Anthranilimide based glycogen phosphorylase inhibitors for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Part 3: X-ray crystallographic characterization, core and urea optimization and in vivo efficacy. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2009; 19:1177-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2008.12.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2008] [Revised: 12/17/2008] [Accepted: 12/19/2008] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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Evans KA, Li YH, Coppo FT, Graybill TL, Cichy-Knight M, Patel M, Gale J, Li H, Thrall SH, Tew D, Tavares F, Thomson SA, Weiel JE, Boucheron JA, Clancy DC, Epperly AH, Golden PL. Amino acid anthranilamide derivatives as a new class of glycogen phosphorylase inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2008; 18:4068-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2008.05.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2008] [Revised: 05/23/2008] [Accepted: 05/27/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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