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Zhong X, Lin A, Luo J, Li Y, Chen J, Ning C, Cao F. Clinical research progress of novel antituberculosis drugs on multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. Postgrad Med J 2024; 100:366-372. [PMID: 38200633 DOI: 10.1093/postmj/qgad140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) has become a critical challenge to public health, and the prevention and treatment of MDR-TB are of great significance in reducing the global burden of tuberculosis. How to improve the effectiveness and safety of chemotherapy for MDR-TB is a pressing issue that needs to be addressed in tuberculosis control efforts. This article provides a comprehensive review of the clinical application of new antituberculosis drugs in MDR-TB, aiming to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and treatment strategy of MDR-TB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Zhong
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Red Cross Hospital of Yulin City, Yulin, Guangxi 537000, China
| | - Ao Lin
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Red Cross Hospital of Yulin City, Yulin, Guangxi 537000, China
| | - Jian Luo
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Red Cross Hospital of Yulin City, Yulin, Guangxi 537000, China
| | - Yeqin Li
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Red Cross Hospital of Yulin City, Yulin, Guangxi 537000, China
| | - Jinlan Chen
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Red Cross Hospital of Yulin City, Yulin, Guangxi 537000, China
| | - Chao Ning
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Red Cross Hospital of Yulin City, Yulin, Guangxi 537000, China
| | - Fu Cao
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Red Cross Hospital of Yulin City, Yulin, Guangxi 537000, China
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Synthesis by fragmentation-oxidation and reactivity of 6-tert-butyl-5-oxo-1,2,4-triazine-3-carboxylates. Tetrahedron Lett 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2022.154097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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3
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de Lócio LL, do Nascimento APS, Santos MB, Gomes JNS, de Medeiros E Silva YMS, Albino SL, Dos Santos VL, de Moura RO. Application of Heterocycles as an Alternative for the Discovery of New Anti-ulcer Compounds: A Mini-Review. Curr Pharm Des 2022; 28:1373-1388. [PMID: 35549862 DOI: 10.2174/1381612828666220512095559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Peptic ulcer is a lesion located in the esophagus, stomach, and upper intestine, caused by an imbalance between acid secretion and the release of protective mucus. This pathology is prevalent in approximately 14% of the world population and is commonly treated with proton pump inhibitors and type 2 histaminergic receptor antagonists, however, these drugs present concerning side effects that may lead to gastric cancer. In this sense, this research aimed to present the main heterocyclics studied in recent years. The screening method for the choice of articles was based on the selection of publications between 2000 and 2021 present in the Science Direct, Web of Science, Capes, and Scielo databases, by using the descriptors ''new derivatives'', "heterocyclics" "antiulcerogenic", "gastroprotective" and "antisecretor". This research showed that the most used rings in the development of antiulcer drugs were benzimidazole, quinazoline, thiazole, and thiadiazole. The results also portray several types of modern in silico, in vitro and in vivo assays, as well as the investigation of different mechanisms of action, with emphasis on proton pump inhibition, type 2 histaminergic receptor blockers, potassium competitive acid blockers, type E prostaglandin agonism, anti-secretory activity and antioxidant action. Additionally, the review evidenced the presence of the nitrogen atom in the heterocyclic ring as a determinant of the potential of the compound. This research suggests new alternatives for the treatment of gastric lesions, which may be more potent and cause fewer side effects than the currently used, and tend to evolve into more advanced studies in the coming years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Linhares de Lócio
- State University of Paraíba, R. Baraúnas, 351, Cidade Universitária, Campina Grande, Paraíba, 58429-500, Brasil
| | | | - Mirelly Barbosa Santos
- State University of Paraíba, R. Baraúnas, 351, Cidade Universitária, Campina Grande, Paraíba, 58429-500, Brasil
| | - Joilly Nilce Santana Gomes
- State University of Paraíba, R. Baraúnas, 351, Cidade Universitária, Campina Grande, Paraíba, 58429-500, Brasil
| | | | - Sonaly Lima Albino
- State University of Paraíba, R. Baraúnas, 351, Cidade Universitária, Campina Grande, Paraíba, 58429-500, Brasil
| | - Vanda Lúcia Dos Santos
- State University of Paraíba, R. Baraúnas, 351, Cidade Universitária, Campina Grande, Paraíba, 58429-500, Brasil
| | - Ricardo Olímpio de Moura
- State University of Paraíba, R. Baraúnas, 351, Cidade Universitária, Campina Grande, Paraíba, 58429-500, Brasil
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Zhang FG, Chen Z, Tang X, Ma JA. Triazines: Syntheses and Inverse Electron-demand Diels-Alder Reactions. Chem Rev 2021; 121:14555-14593. [PMID: 34586777 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Triazines are an important class of six-membered aromatic heterocycles possessing three nitrogen atoms, resulting in three types of regio-isomers: 1,2,4-triazines (a-triazines), 1,2,3-triazines (v-triazines), and 1,3,5-triazines (s-triazines). Notably, the application of triazines as cyclic aza-dienes in inverse electron-demand Diels-Alder (IEDDA) cycloaddition reactions has been established as a unique and powerful method in N-heterocycle synthesis, natural product preparation, and bioorthogonal chemistry. In this review, we comprehensively summarize the advances in the construction of these triazines via annulation and ring-expansion reactions, especially emphasizing recent developments and challenges. The synthetic transformations of triazines are focused on IEDDA cycloaddition reactions, which have allowed access to a wide scope of heterocycles, including pyridines, carbolines, azepines, pyridazines, pyrazines, and pyrimidines. The utilization of triazine IEDDA reactions as key steps in natural product synthesis is also discussed. More importantly, a particular attention is paid on the bioorthogonal application of triazines in fast click ligation with various strained alkenes and alkynes, which opens a new opportunity for studying biomolecules in chemical biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fa-Guang Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology (Ministry of Education), and Tianjin Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science & Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China.,Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Binhai New City, Fuzhou 350207, P. R. China
| | - Zhen Chen
- College of Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for the Chemistry and Utilization of Agro-Forest Biomass, Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Jiangsu Key Lab of Biomass-Based Green Fuels and Chemicals, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, P. R. China
| | - Xiaodong Tang
- Department of Chemistry, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology (Ministry of Education), and Tianjin Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science & Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China.,Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Binhai New City, Fuzhou 350207, P. R. China
| | - Jun-An Ma
- Department of Chemistry, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology (Ministry of Education), and Tianjin Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science & Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China.,Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Binhai New City, Fuzhou 350207, P. R. China
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Das P, Ray S, Saha R, Mukhopadhyay C. One‐Pot Synthesis of Densely Substituted 1,2,3,4‐Tetrahydro‐1,6‐naphthyridine Mediated by Isocyanide‐Assisted Reduction of C−C Double Bond. ChemistrySelect 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202000441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Paramita Das
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Calcutta 92 APC Road Kolkata 700009 India
- Department of Chemistry Asutosh CollegeUniversity of Calcutta 92 S. P. Mukherjee Road Kolkata 700026 India
| | - Suman Ray
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Calcutta 92 APC Road Kolkata 700009 India
- Department of ChemistryPresidency University 86/1 College Street Kolkata 700073 India
| | - Rupak Saha
- Inorganic and PhysicalChemistry Department Indian Institute of Science Bangalore 560012 India
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Baek SY, Lee JY, Ko D, Baik MH, Yoo EJ. Rationally Designing Regiodivergent Dipolar Cycloadditions: Frontier Orbitals Show How To Switch between [5 + 3] and [4 + 2] Cycloadditions. ACS Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.8b00845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Seung-yeol Baek
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju Young Lee
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Donguk Ko
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Mu-Hyun Baik
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Jeong Yoo
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
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Jouha J, Buttard F, Lorion M, Berthonneau C, Khouili M, Hiebel MA, Guillaumet G, Brière JF, Suzenet F. Domino Aza-Michael-ih-Diels–Alder Reaction to Various 3-Vinyl-1,2,4-triazines: Access to Polysubstituted Tetrahydro-1,6-naphthyridines. Org Lett 2017; 19:4770-4773. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.7b02132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jabrane Jouha
- Université d’Orléans, CNRS, ICOA, UMR
7311, 45067 Orléans, France
- Laboratoire
de Chimie Organique et Analytique, Université Sultan Moulay Slimane - Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, BP 523, 23000 Beni-Mellal, Morocco
| | - Floris Buttard
- Université d’Orléans, CNRS, ICOA, UMR
7311, 45067 Orléans, France
| | - Magali Lorion
- Université d’Orléans, CNRS, ICOA, UMR
7311, 45067 Orléans, France
| | - Clément Berthonneau
- Normandie Univ, INSA Rouen, UNIROUEN, CNRS, COBRA
(UMR 6014), 76000 Rouen, France
| | - Mostafa Khouili
- Laboratoire
de Chimie Organique et Analytique, Université Sultan Moulay Slimane - Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, BP 523, 23000 Beni-Mellal, Morocco
| | | | | | - Jean-François Brière
- Normandie Univ, INSA Rouen, UNIROUEN, CNRS, COBRA
(UMR 6014), 76000 Rouen, France
| | - Franck Suzenet
- Université d’Orléans, CNRS, ICOA, UMR
7311, 45067 Orléans, France
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Gang MY, Liu JQ, Wang XS. CuI-catalyzed Sonogashira reaction for the efficient synthesis of 1 H -imidazo[2,1- a ]isoquinoline derivatives. Tetrahedron 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2017.06.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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Liu Y, Guo X, Tang D, Wang J, Wu P, Han J, Chen B. Synthesis of 1,2,4-Triazine Compounds via Two Distinct One-Pot Domino Protocols. CHINESE J CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.201600922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yafeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry; Lanzhou University; Lanzhou Gansu 730000 China
| | - Xin Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry; Lanzhou University; Lanzhou Gansu 730000 China
| | - Dong Tang
- Department of Chemistry; Lishui University; Lishui Zhejiang 323000 China
| | - Jing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry; Lanzhou University; Lanzhou Gansu 730000 China
| | - Ping Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry; Lanzhou University; Lanzhou Gansu 730000 China
| | - Jianwei Han
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry; Lanzhou University; Lanzhou Gansu 730000 China
| | - Baohua Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry; Lanzhou University; Lanzhou Gansu 730000 China
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Peewasan K, Wagenknecht HA. 1,2,4-Triazine-Modified 2'-Deoxyuridine Triphosphate for Efficient Bioorthogonal Fluorescent Labeling of DNA. Chembiochem 2017; 18:1473-1476. [PMID: 28485853 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201700185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
In order to establish the Diels-Alder reaction with inverse electron demand for postsynthetic DNA modification, a 1,2,4-triazine-modified 2'-deoxyuridine triphosphate was synthesized. The bioorthogonally reactive 1,2,4-triazine group was attached at the 5-position of 2'-deoxyuridine by a flexible alkyl linker to facilitate its acceptance by DNA polymerases. The screening of four DNA polymerases showed successful primer extensions, using a mixture of dATP, dGTP, dCTP, and the modified 2'-deoxyuridine triphosphate, by using KOD XL or Vent polymerase. The triazine moiety was stable under the conditions of primer extension, which was evidenced by labeling with a BCN-modified rhodamine at room temperature in yields of up to 82 %. Two or three modified bases could be incorporated in quantitative yields when the modification sites were separated by three base pairs. These results establish the 1,2,4-triazene group as a bioorthogonally reactive moiety in DNA, thereby replacing the problematic 1,2,4,5-tetrazine for postsynthetic labeling by the Diels-Alder reaction with inverse electron demand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krisana Peewasan
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz-Haber-Weg 6, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Hans-Achim Wagenknecht
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz-Haber-Weg 6, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
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O'Boyle NM, Sayle RA. Comparing structural fingerprints using a literature-based similarity benchmark. J Cheminform 2016; 8:36. [PMID: 27382417 PMCID: PMC4932683 DOI: 10.1186/s13321-016-0148-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2016] [Accepted: 06/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The concept of molecular similarity is one of the central ideas in cheminformatics, despite the fact that it is ill-defined and rather difficult to assess objectively. Here we propose a practical definition of molecular similarity in the context of drug discovery: molecules A and B are similar if a medicinal chemist would be likely to synthesise and test them around the same time as part of the same medicinal chemistry program. The attraction of such a definition is that it matches one of the key uses of similarity measures in early-stage drug discovery. If we make the assumption that molecules in the same compound activity table in a medicinal chemistry paper were considered similar by the authors of the paper, we can create a dataset of similar molecules from the medicinal chemistry literature. Furthermore, molecules with decreasing levels of similarity to a reference can be found by either ordering molecules in an activity table by their activity, or by considering activity tables in different papers which have at least one molecule in common. Results Using this procedure with activity data from ChEMBL, we have created two benchmark datasets for structural similarity that can be used to guide the development of improved measures. Compared to similar results from a virtual screen, these benchmarks are an order of magnitude more sensitive to differences between fingerprints both because of their size and because they avoid loss of statistical power due to the use of mean scores or ranks. We measure the performance of 28 different fingerprints on the benchmark sets and compare the results to those from the Riniker and Landrum (J Cheminf 5:26, 2013. doi:10.1186/1758-2946-5-26) ligand-based virtual screening benchmark. Conclusions Extended-connectivity fingerprints of diameter 4 and 6 are among the best performing fingerprints when ranking diverse structures by similarity, as is the topological torsion fingerprint. However, when ranking very close analogues, the atom pair fingerprint outperforms the others tested. When ranking diverse structures or carrying out a virtual screen, we find that the performance of the ECFP fingerprints significantly improves if the bit-vector length is increased from 1024 to 16,384.An example series from one of the benchmark datasets. Each fingerprint is assessed on its ability to reproduce a specific series order. ![]() Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13321-016-0148-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noel M O'Boyle
- NextMove Software, Innovation Centre, Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge, CB4 0EY UK
| | - Roger A Sayle
- NextMove Software, Innovation Centre, Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge, CB4 0EY UK
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Patil SM, Mascarenhas M, Sharma R, Mohana Roopan S, Roychowdhury A. Microwave-Assisted One-Pot Synthesis of Substituted 3-Bromoimidazo[1,2-a]pyridines and Imidazoheterocycles. J Heterocycl Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.1764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shashikant M. Patil
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry; Piramal Healthcare Ltd.; 1-Nirlon Complex, Goregaon (East) Mumbai 400063 India
| | - Malcolm Mascarenhas
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry; Piramal Healthcare Ltd.; 1-Nirlon Complex, Goregaon (East) Mumbai 400063 India
| | - Rajiv Sharma
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry; Piramal Healthcare Ltd.; 1-Nirlon Complex, Goregaon (East) Mumbai 400063 India
| | - S. Mohana Roopan
- Organic Chemistry Division, School of Advanced Sciences; VIT University; Vellore-632014 Tamil Nadu India
| | - Abhijit Roychowdhury
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry; Piramal Healthcare Ltd.; 1-Nirlon Complex, Goregaon (East) Mumbai 400063 India
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Foster RAA, Willis MC. Tandem inverse-electron-demand hetero-/retro-Diels–Alder reactions for aromatic nitrogen heterocycle synthesis. Chem Soc Rev 2013; 42:63-76. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cs35316d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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The utilization of 2-aminoprop-1-ene-1,1,3-tricarbonitrile as a precursor to quinoline, furan and thiophene derivatives with antitumor activities. HETEROCYCL COMMUN 2011. [DOI: 10.1515/hc.2011.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Palmer AM, Chiesa V, Schmid A, Münch G, Grobbel B, Zimmermann PJ, Brehm C, Buhr W, Simon WA, Kromer W, Postius S, Volz J, Hess D. Tetrahydrochromenoimidazoles as Potassium-Competitive Acid Blockers (P-CABs): Structure−Activity Relationship of Their Antisecretory Properties and Their Affinity toward the hERG Channel. J Med Chem 2010; 53:3645-74. [PMID: 20380432 DOI: 10.1021/jm100040c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas M. Palmer
- NYCOMED GmbH, Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, Biochemistry, Pharmacology, and Physicochemistry, Byk-Gulden-Strasse 2, D-78467 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Vittoria Chiesa
- NYCOMED GmbH, Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, Biochemistry, Pharmacology, and Physicochemistry, Byk-Gulden-Strasse 2, D-78467 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Anja Schmid
- NYCOMED GmbH, Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, Biochemistry, Pharmacology, and Physicochemistry, Byk-Gulden-Strasse 2, D-78467 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Gabriela Münch
- NYCOMED GmbH, Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, Biochemistry, Pharmacology, and Physicochemistry, Byk-Gulden-Strasse 2, D-78467 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Burkhard Grobbel
- NYCOMED GmbH, Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, Biochemistry, Pharmacology, and Physicochemistry, Byk-Gulden-Strasse 2, D-78467 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Peter J. Zimmermann
- NYCOMED GmbH, Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, Biochemistry, Pharmacology, and Physicochemistry, Byk-Gulden-Strasse 2, D-78467 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Christof Brehm
- NYCOMED GmbH, Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, Biochemistry, Pharmacology, and Physicochemistry, Byk-Gulden-Strasse 2, D-78467 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Wilm Buhr
- NYCOMED GmbH, Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, Biochemistry, Pharmacology, and Physicochemistry, Byk-Gulden-Strasse 2, D-78467 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Wolfgang-Alexander Simon
- NYCOMED GmbH, Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, Biochemistry, Pharmacology, and Physicochemistry, Byk-Gulden-Strasse 2, D-78467 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Kromer
- NYCOMED GmbH, Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, Biochemistry, Pharmacology, and Physicochemistry, Byk-Gulden-Strasse 2, D-78467 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Stefan Postius
- NYCOMED GmbH, Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, Biochemistry, Pharmacology, and Physicochemistry, Byk-Gulden-Strasse 2, D-78467 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Jürgen Volz
- NYCOMED GmbH, Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, Biochemistry, Pharmacology, and Physicochemistry, Byk-Gulden-Strasse 2, D-78467 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Dietmar Hess
- NMI TT GmbH, Markwiesenstrasse 55, D-72770 Reutlingen, Germany
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Kappe CO, Dallinger D. Controlled microwave heating in modern organic synthesis: highlights from the 2004–2008 literature. Mol Divers 2009; 13:71-193. [PMID: 19381851 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-009-9138-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 292] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2009] [Accepted: 02/27/2009] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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Palmer AM, Chrismann S, Münch G, Brehm C, Zimmermann PJ, Buhr W, Senn-Bilfinger J, Feth MP, Simon WA. Spiro(imidazo[1,2-a]pyrano[2,3-c]pyridine-9-indenes) as inhibitors of gastric acid secretion. Bioorg Med Chem 2009; 17:368-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2008.10.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2008] [Accepted: 10/23/2008] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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The reaction of beta-amino-alpha,gamma-dicyanocrotononitrile with acetophenone: synthesis of pyridine, pyridazine and thiophene derivatives with antimicrobial activities. ACTA PHARMACEUTICA 2008; 58:429-44. [PMID: 19103577 DOI: 10.2478/v10007-008-0030-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Condensation of beta-amino-alpha,gamma-dicyanocrotononitrile (1) with acetophenone gave 2-amino-4-phenylpenta-1,3-diene-1,1,3-tricarbonitrile (2). The latter product was used in a series of heterocyclization reactions with different reagents such as diazonium salts, hydrazines, hydroxylamines and elemental sulfur to give pyridazine, pyrazole, isoxazole and thiophene derivatives, respectively. On the other hand, it gave pyridine derivatives with aromatic aldehydes folowed by reaction with cyanomethylene reagents. The MIC values for the newly synthesized product were measured against E. coli, B. cereus, B. subtilis and C. albicans.
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