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Aneeja T, Radhika S, Neetha M, Anilkumar G. An Overview of the One-pot Synthesis of Imidazolines. CURR ORG CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.2174/1385272824999201001153735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
One-pot syntheses are a simple, efficient and easy methodology, which are widely
used for the synthesis of organic compounds. Imidazoline is a valuable heterocyclic moiety
used as a synthetic intermediate, chiral auxiliary, chiral catalyst and a ligand for asymmetric
catalysis. Imidazole is a fundamental unit of biomolecules that can be easily prepared from
imidazolines. The one-pot method is an impressive approach to synthesize organic compounds
as it minimizes the reaction time, separation procedures, and ecological impact. Many significant
one-pot methods such as N-bromosuccinimide mediated reaction, ring-opening of tetrahydrofuran,
triflic anhydrate mediated reaction, etc. were reported for imidazoline synthesis.
This review describes an overview of the one-pot synthesis of imidazolines and covers literature
up to 2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thaipparambil Aneeja
- School of Chemical Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, Priyadarsini Hills P.O., Kottayam, Kerala, 686560, India
| | - Sankaran Radhika
- School of Chemical Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, Priyadarsini Hills P.O., Kottayam, Kerala, 686560, India
| | - Mohan Neetha
- School of Chemical Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, Priyadarsini Hills P.O., Kottayam, Kerala, 686560, India
| | - Gopinathan Anilkumar
- School of Chemical Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, Priyadarsini Hills P.O., Kottayam, Kerala, 686560, India
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2
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Kong X, Qian C, Fan W, Liang Z. Experimental and QSAR study on the surface activities of alkyl imidazoline surfactants. J Mol Struct 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2017.11.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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3
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Comparative pharmacodynamic analysis of imidazoline compounds using rat model of ocular mydriasis with a test of quantitative structure–activity relationships. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2017; 144:122-128. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2017.03.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2016] [Revised: 03/08/2017] [Accepted: 03/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Raczak-Gutknecht J, Frąckowiak T, Nasal A, Kornicka A, Sączewski F, Kaliszan R. Are Alpha-2D Adrenoceptor Subtypes Involved in Rat Mydriasis Evoked by New Imidazoline Derivatives: Marsanidine and 7-Methylmarsanidine? Dose Response 2017; 15:1559325817701213. [PMID: 28491012 PMCID: PMC5405787 DOI: 10.1177/1559325817701213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The imidazoline compounds may produce mydriasis after systemic administration to some species (rats, cats, and mice). In mydriatic activity of imidazolines, α2D-adrenoceptors subtype(s) seems to be involved. In this study, the pupil dilatory effect evoked by 2 newly synthesized imidazoline derivatives—α2-adrenoceptor agonists: marsanidine and 7-methylmarsanidine—was compared. The compounds were tested alone as well as in the presence of α2-adrenoceptor antagonists (nonselective, yohimbine, and selective toward the following α2-adrenoceptor subtypes—α2A-2-[(4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)methyl]-2,3-dihydro-1-methyl-1H-isoindole maleate (BRL44408), α2B-2-[2-(4-(2-methoxyphenyl)piperazin-1-yl)ethyl]-4,4-dimethyl-1,3-(2H,4H)-isoquinolindione dihydrochloride (ARC239), α2C-JP1302, α2D-2-(2,3-dihydro-2-methoxy-1,4-benzodioxin-2-yl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazole hydrochloride [RX821002]). The agonists were studied in male Wistar rats and were administered intravenously in cumulative doses. The antagonistic compounds were given in a single dose before the experiment with marsanidine or 7-methylmarsanidine. Pupil diameter was measured with stereoscopic microscope equipped in green light filter. Marsanidine and 7-methylmarsanidine exerted marked mydriatic effects. BRL44408, JP1302, and ARC239 did not cause significant parallel shift to the right of the dose–effect curves obtained for both imidazolines. In case of yohimbine and RX821002, the marked parallel shifts of dose–response curves were observed, with the antagonistic effects of RX821002 more pronounced. In vivo pharmacodynamics experiment suggests that α2D-adrenoceptor subtype is mainly engaged in mydriatic effects evoked in rats by imidazoline derivatives, in particular by clonidine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Raczak-Gutknecht
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Teresa Frąckowiak
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Antoni Nasal
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
- Antoni Nasal, Department of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Gdańsk, Al. Gen. J. Hallera 107, 80-416 Gdańsk, Poland.
| | - Anita Kornicka
- Department of Chemical Technology of Drugs, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Franciszek Sączewski
- Department of Chemical Technology of Drugs, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Roman Kaliszan
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
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Baldenebro-López J, Báez-Castro A, Glossman-Mitnik D, Höpfl H, Cruz-Enríquez A, Miranda-Soto V, Parra-Hake M, Campos-Gaxiola JJ. Vibrational spectroscopic study, structural analysis, photophysical properties and theoretical calculations of cis-(±)-2,4,5-tris(pyridin-2-yl)imidazoline. J Mol Struct 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2016.10.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Ferreira RB, de Oliveira MG, Antunes E, Almeida WP, Ibrahim BM, Abdel-Rahman AA. New 2-Aminothiazoline derivatives lower blood pressure of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) via I 1-imidazoline and alpha-2 adrenergic receptors activation. Eur J Pharmacol 2016; 791:803-810. [PMID: 27729248 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2016.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2016] [Revised: 10/06/2016] [Accepted: 10/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
2-Aminothiazolines share an isosteric relationship with imidazolines and oxazolines with antihypertensive activity mainly mediated by the imidazoline I1-receptor. In the present work, we have prepared five aminothiazolines, following a previously described synthetic pathway. Aminothiazolines derived from dicyclopropylmethylamine (ATZ1) and cyclohexylamine (3) are unprecedented in the literature. Competitive radioligand assay was carried out with all synthetic compounds, and the I1 receptor affinity in comparison to rilmenidine in PC12 cells was determined. Surprisingly, the rilmenidine isoster (ATZ1) showed no I1-receptor interaction. Diethyl (ATZ4) and 2-ethyl-hexylamine (ATZ5) derivatives bind to the receptor with 11.98 and 10.94nmol/l, respectively. These compounds were selected for in vivo experiments. Both compounds reduced the blood pressure of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). The hypotensive effect of these compounds was abrogated in the presence of α2 adrenergic (yohimbine) and I1 (efaroxan) receptor antagonists suggesting that both aminothiazolines bind to the adrenergic and imidazoline receptors. Lipinski's descriptors of the synthesized aminothiazolines were calculated and are similar to the known imidazoline I1 receptor ligands. 3D-Similarity between ATZ5 and agmatine, the natural imidazoline receptor ligand, was also observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renan B Ferreira
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, PO Box 6194, ZC 13083-970 Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Mariana G de Oliveira
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Edson Antunes
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Wanda P Almeida
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Campinas, PO Box 6029, ZC 13083-859 Campinas, SP, Brazil.
| | - Badr M Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, The Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, USA
| | - Abdel A Abdel-Rahman
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, The Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, USA
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Mohammadi F, Sahihi M, Bordbar AK. Multispectroscopic and molecular modeling studies on the interaction of two curcuminoids with β-lactoglobulin. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2015; 140:274-282. [PMID: 25615681 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2014.12.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2014] [Revised: 12/02/2014] [Accepted: 12/09/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
This study demonstrates the binding properties of bisdemethoxycurcumin (BDMC) and diacetylbisdemethoxycurcumin (DABC) as bioactive curcuminoids with bovine β-lactoglobulin (BLG) variant B using fluorescence and circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy; molecular docking, and molecular dynamics simulation methods. The estimated binding constants for BLG-BDMC and BLG-DABC complexes were (8.99±0.10)×10(4) M(-1) and (1.87±0.10)×10(2) M(-1), respectively. The distances between BLG and these curcuminoids were obtained based on the Förster's theory of non-radiative energy transfer. Molecular docking studies revealed the binding of BDMC and DABC to the protein surface cleft of protein by formation of four and one hydrogen bonds, respectively. Finally, molecular dynamics simulation results represent the conformational changes of BLG due to its interaction with BDMC. Also, the profiles of atomic fluctuations signified the rigidity of ligand binding site during the simulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Mohammadi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Isfahan, Isfahan 81746-73441, Iran; Department of Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), Gava Zang, Zanjan 45137-66731, Iran
| | - M Sahihi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Isfahan, Isfahan 81746-73441, Iran.
| | - A Khalegh Bordbar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Isfahan, Isfahan 81746-73441, Iran.
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Filipic S, Elek M, Nikolic K, Agbaba D. Quantitative structure-retention relationship modeling of the retention behavior of guanidine and imidazoline derivatives in reversed-phase thin-layer chromatography. JPC-J PLANAR CHROMAT 2015. [DOI: 10.1556/jpc.28.2015.2.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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9
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Kawczak P, Bober L, Bączek T. QSPR analysis of some agonists and antagonists of α-adrenergic receptors. Med Chem Res 2015; 24:372-382. [PMID: 25589825 PMCID: PMC4284397 DOI: 10.1007/s00044-014-1130-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2014] [Accepted: 06/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Thirty-three compounds belonging to the sympatholytics and sympathomimetics were analyzed during the study. The biological activity data for the parameters of binding affinity to the α1- and α2-adrenergic receptors together with parameters of the logarithm of the partition coefficient n-octanol/water (log P) were performed using a semi-empirical calculations methods for isolated molecules (in vacuo) and for the molecules placed in an aqueous environment. Additionally, the chromatographic retention data were used as extra dependent variables of the structural parameters for a part of the considered compounds. Finally, all those groups of parameters were analyzed using MLR, PCA, and FA methods for the classification of studied compounds according to their chemical structures and pharmacological activity to the adrenoceptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Kawczak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-416 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Leszek Bober
- POLPHARMA SA Pharmaceutical Works, 83-200 Starogard Gdański, Poland
| | - Tomasz Bączek
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-416 Gdańsk, Poland ; Division of Human Anatomy and Physiology, Institute of Health Sciences, Pomeranian University of Słupsk, 76-200 Słupsk, Poland
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Nikolic K, Agbaba D, Stark H. Pharmacophore modeling, drug design and virtual screening on multi-targeting procognitive agents approaching histaminergic pathways. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2014.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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11
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Ramakrishnan A, Chourasiya SS, Bharatam PV. Azine or hydrazone? The dilemma in amidinohydrazones. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra05574a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Amidinohydrazone, an important class of biologically active molecules, is generally represented as a hydrazone. This moiety prefers to exist in its azine tautomeric state and hence, influences the physical, chemical and receptor binding properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashok Ramakrishnan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research
- Mohali
- India
| | - Sumit S. Chourasiya
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research
- Mohali
- India
| | - Prasad V. Bharatam
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research
- Mohali
- India
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Khosravi I, Sahihi M. Computational Studies on the Interaction of Arctiin and Liquiritin With β-lactoglobulin. J MACROMOL SCI B 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/00222348.2014.946844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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13
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Sahihi M, Ghayeb Y. An investigation of molecular dynamics simulation and molecular docking: Interaction of citrus flavonoids and bovine β-lactoglobulin in focus. Comput Biol Med 2014; 51:44-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2014.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2014] [Revised: 04/28/2014] [Accepted: 04/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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14
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Mohamed Shenger MS, Filipic S, Nikolic K, Agbaba D. ESTIMATION OF LIPOPHILICITY AND RETENTION BEHAVIOR OF SOME ALPHA ADRENERGIC AND IMIDAZOLINE RECEPTOR LIGANDS USING RP-TLC. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/10739149.2014.906880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Slavica Filipic
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy , University of Belgrade , Belgrade , Serbia
| | - Katarina Nikolic
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy , University of Belgrade , Belgrade , Serbia
| | - Danica Agbaba
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy , University of Belgrade , Belgrade , Serbia
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Nikolic K, Filipic S, Agbaba D, Stark H. Procognitive properties of drugs with single and multitargeting H3 receptor antagonist activities. CNS Neurosci Ther 2014; 20:613-23. [PMID: 24836924 DOI: 10.1111/cns.12279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2014] [Revised: 04/07/2014] [Accepted: 04/07/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The histamine H3 receptor (H3 R) is an important modulator of numerous central control mechanisms. Novel lead optimizations for H3 R antagonists/inverse agonists involved studies of structure-activity relationships, cross-affinities, and pharmacokinetic properties of promising ligands. Blockade of inhibitory histamine H3 autoreceptors reinforces histaminergic transmission, while antagonism of H3 heteroreceptors accelerates the corticolimbic liberation of acetylcholine, norepinephrine, glutamate, dopamine, serotonin and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). The H3 R positioned at numerous neurotransmission crossroads indicates therapeutic applications of small-molecule H3 R modulators in a number of psychiatric and neurodegenerative diseases with various clinical candidates available. Dual target drugs displaying H3 R antagonism/inverse agonism with inhibition of acetylcholine esterase (AChE), histamine N-methyltransferase (HMT), or serotonin transporter (SERT) are novel class of procognitive agents. Main chemical diversities, pharmacophores, and pharmacological profiles of procognitive agents acting as H3 R antagonists/inverse agonists and dual H3 R antagonists/inverse agonists with inhibiting activity on AChE, HMT, or SERT are highlighted here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarina Nikolic
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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Babu Nanubolu J, Sridhar B, Ravikumar K. Understanding the amino ↔ imino tautomeric preference in (imidazole)imidazolidine-N-aryl(alkyl) systems: a case study of moxonidine drug and insights from the Cambridge structural database (CSD). CrystEngComm 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ce01541j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Moxonidine drug crystallizes exclusively as its imino tautomer. Conjugation plays a key role in the tautomer stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jagadeesh Babu Nanubolu
- Centre for X-ray Crystallography
- CSIR - Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
- Hyderabad, India
| | - Balasubramanian Sridhar
- Centre for X-ray Crystallography
- CSIR - Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
- Hyderabad, India
| | - Krishnan Ravikumar
- Centre for X-ray Crystallography
- CSIR - Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
- Hyderabad, India
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Luo HJ, Wang JZ, Zhou Y, Zou K. Docking study on trametenolic acid B as a α-glucosidase inhibitor. Med Chem Res 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-011-9741-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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18
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Schann S, Greney H, Gasparik V, Dontenwill M, Rascente C, Lacroix G, Monassier L, Bruban V, Feldman J, Ehrhardt JD, Bousquet P. Methylation of imidazoline related compounds leads to loss of α2-adrenoceptor affinity. Synthesis and biological evaluation of selective I1 imidazoline receptor ligands. Bioorg Med Chem 2012; 20:4710-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2012.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2012] [Revised: 05/28/2012] [Accepted: 06/02/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Raghavan R, Cheriyamundath S, Madassery J. Andrographolide, a new potential NF-κB inhibitor: docking simulation and evaluation of drug-likeness. MOLECULAR SIMULATION 2012. [DOI: 10.1080/08927022.2011.651138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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20
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Sahihi M, Heidari-Koholi Z, Bordbar AK. The Interaction of Polyphenol Flavonoids with β-lactoglobulin: Molecular Docking and Molecular Dynamics Simulation Studies. J MACROMOL SCI B 2012. [DOI: 10.1080/00222348.2012.672854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Sahihi
- a Department of Chemistry, Shahreza Branch , Islamic Azad University , Shahreza , Iran
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Nikolic K, Agbaba D. Imidazoline antihypertensive drugs: selective i(1) -imidazoline receptors activation. Cardiovasc Ther 2011; 30:209-16. [PMID: 21884004 DOI: 10.1111/j.1755-5922.2011.00269.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Involvement of imidazoline receptors (IR) in the regulation of vasomotor tone as well as in the mechanism of action of some centrally acting antihypertensives has received tremendous attention. To date, pharmacological studies have allowed the characterization of three main imidazoline receptor classes, the I(1) -imidazoline receptor which is involved in central inhibition of sympathetic tone to lower blood pressure, the I(2) -imidazoline receptor which is an allosteric binding site of monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B), and the I(3) -imidazoline receptor which regulates insulin secretion from pancreatic β-cells. All three imidazoline receptors represent important targets for cardiovascular research. The hypotensive effect of clonidine-like centrally acting antihypertensives was attributed both to α(2) -adrenergic receptors and nonadrenergic I(1) -imidazoline receptors, whereas their sedative action involves activation of only α(2) -adrenergic receptors located in the locus coeruleus. Since more selective I(1) -imidazoline receptors ligands reduced incidence of typical side effects of other centrally acting antihypertensives, there is significant interest in developing new agents with higher selectivity and affinity for I(1) -imidazoline receptors. The selective imidazoline receptors agents are also more effective in regulation of body fat, neuroprotection, inflammation, cell proliferation, epilepsy, depression, stress, cell adhesion, and pain. New agonists and antagonists with high selectivity for imidazoline receptor subtypes have been recently developed. In the present review we provide a brief update to the field of imidazoline research, highlighting some of the chemical diversity and progress made in the theoretical studies of imidazoline receptor ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Nikolic
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe, Belgrade, Serbia.
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22
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A QSAR study using MTD method and Dragon descriptors for a series of selective ligands of α2C adrenoceptor. Eur J Med Chem 2011; 46:877-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2010.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2009] [Revised: 11/09/2010] [Accepted: 12/21/2010] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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23
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Herholz J, Crisponi L, Mallick BN, Rutsch F. Successful treatment of cold-induced sweating in Crisponi syndrome and its possible mechanism of action. Dev Med Child Neurol 2010; 52:494-7. [PMID: 20187881 DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-8749.2010.03630.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jana Herholz
- Department of General Pediatics, Münster University Children's Hospital, Münster, Germany
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24
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Docking study on chlorogenic acid as a potential H5N1 influenza A virus neuraminidase inhibitor. Med Chem Res 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-010-9336-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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25
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New analogues of agmatine with higher affinity to imidazoline receptors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2009; 19:1009-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2008.11.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2008] [Revised: 11/14/2008] [Accepted: 11/17/2008] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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