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Kumar S, Biswas S, Deshpande PA. Computational analysis of the effect of Gly100Ala mutation on the thermostability of SazCA. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023; 41:12363-12371. [PMID: 36744540 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2175259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Maintaining the protein stability upon mutation is a challenging task in protein engineering. In the present computational study, we induced a single point Gly100Ala mutation in SazCA and examined the factors governing the stability and flexibility of the mutated form, and compared it to that of the wildtype using molecular dynamics simulations. We observed higher structural stability and lesser residual mobility in the mutated SazCA. Improved H-bonding due to Gly100Ala was observed. Ala100 was responsible for the increased helical contents in the mutated SazCA while Gly100 compromised the secondary structure contents in the wildtype. A strong network of salt bridges and high local ordering of the solvent molecules at the protein surface contributed to the enhanced stability of the mutated protein. Our simulations conclusively highlight Gly100Ala mutation as a step towards designing a more robust and thermostable SazCA.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shashi Kumar
- Quantum and Molecular Engineering Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India
| | - Soumya Biswas
- Quantum and Molecular Engineering Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India
| | - Parag A Deshpande
- Quantum and Molecular Engineering Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India
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2
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KILIÇ D, ERDOĞAN O, KÜFREVİOĞLU Öİ. Effect of mutation in active site residue Trp209 to Val, Leu, Ile and Pro on the catalytic activity and affinity for some benzenesulfonamides of human carbonic anhydrase II. Turk J Biol 2017. [DOI: 10.3906/biy-1705-37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
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Tokay E, Kockar F. SP1 is a transcriptional regulator of URG-4/URGCP gene in hepatocytes. Mol Cell Biochem 2016; 423:75-83. [PMID: 27766531 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-016-2826-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 09/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
URG-4/URGCP gene was implicated as an oncogene that contributes hepatocarcinogenesis regulated by Hepatitis-B-virus-encoded X antigen. However, the mechanism of transcriptional regulation of this gene remains largely unknown. For this reason, we focused on the functional analyses of URG4/URGCP promoter site. First, 545 bp of URG-4/URGCP, -482/+63, and three different 5'-truncated constructs, -109/+63, -261/+63, -344/+63 were cloned by PCR-based approach into pMetLuc luciferase reporter vector. Transient transfection assay showed that, -109/+63 construct has the highest activity. The promoter of URG-4/URGCP gene contained a CpG island region spanning 400 bp from translation start site. Many SP1/GC boxes, named GC-1 to GC-10 are present in 545 bp of URG-4/URGCP promoter. Because of presence of multiple SP1/GC boxes, promoter constructs were transiently co-transfected with SP1 expression vector to determine the effect of SP1 on URG-4/URGCP promoter activity. Co-transfection analyses induced the basal activity of -268/+63, -344/+63 and -482/+63 constructs. EMSA analysis of GC-4, GC-5, GC-6 and GC-7 binding sites located in -128/-148 bases, showed two DNA-protein binding complexes. Competition assay and super-shifted complexes indicated these complexes are resulted from SP1 binding. Also, site-directed mutagenesis of potential SP1 binding sites diminished both DNA-protein complexes and SP1-mediated upregulation of URG-4 promoter activity. These findings are valuable for understanding transcriptional regulation of URG4/URGCP that has a pivotal role in cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esra Tokay
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science and Literature, Balikesir University, Balıkesir, Turkey
| | - Feray Kockar
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science and Literature, Balikesir University, Balıkesir, Turkey.
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Gaspari R, Rechlin C, Heine A, Bottegoni G, Rocchia W, Schwarz D, Bomke J, Gerber HD, Klebe G, Cavalli A. Kinetic and Structural Insights into the Mechanism of Binding of Sulfonamides to Human Carbonic Anhydrase by Computational and Experimental Studies. J Med Chem 2016; 59:4245-56. [PMID: 26700575 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b01643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The binding of sulfonamides to human carbonic anhydrase II (hCAII) is a complex and long-debated example of protein-ligand recognition and interaction. In this study, we investigate the para-substituted n-alkyl and hydroxyethylene-benzenesulfonamides, providing a complete reconstruction of their binding pathway to hCAII by means of large-scale molecular dynamics simulations, density functional calculations, surface plasmon resonance (SPR) measurements, and X-ray crystallography experiments. Our analysis shows that the protein-ligand association rate (kon) dramatically increases with the ligand's hydrophobicity, pointing to the existence of a prebinding stage largely stabilized by a favorable packing of the ligand's apolar moieties with the hCAII "hydrophobic wall". The characterization of the binding pathway allows an unprecedented understanding of the structure-kinetic relationship in hCAII/benzenesulfonamide complexes, depicting a paradigmatic scenario for the multistep binding process in protein-ligand systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Gaspari
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Chris Rechlin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Philipps-University Marburg , Marbacher Weg 6, 35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Heine
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Philipps-University Marburg , Marbacher Weg 6, 35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Giovanni Bottegoni
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Walter Rocchia
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Daniel Schwarz
- Small Molecule Platform/MIB, Merck KGaA, Merck Serono Research , Frankfurter Str. 250, 64293 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Jörg Bomke
- Small Molecule Platform/MIB, Merck KGaA, Merck Serono Research , Frankfurter Str. 250, 64293 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Hans-Dieter Gerber
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Philipps-University Marburg , Marbacher Weg 6, 35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Gerhard Klebe
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Philipps-University Marburg , Marbacher Weg 6, 35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Andrea Cavalli
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , 16163 Genova, Italy.,Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna , 40126 Bologna, Italy
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5
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Turkoglu S, Maresca A, Alper M, Kockar F, Işık S, Sinan S, Ozensoy O, Arslan O, Supuran CT. Mutation of active site residues Asn67 to Ile, Gln92 to Val and Leu204 to Ser in human carbonic anhydrase II: Influences on the catalytic activity and affinity for inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem 2012; 20:2208-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2012.02.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2012] [Revised: 02/06/2012] [Accepted: 02/08/2012] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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6
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McDevitt ME, Lambert LA. Molecular evolution and selection pressure in alpha-class carbonic anhydrase family members. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2011; 1814:1854-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2011.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2011] [Revised: 06/30/2011] [Accepted: 07/04/2011] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Gökçe B, Gençer N, Arslan O, Turkoğlu SA, Alper M, Köçkar F. Evaluation of in vitro effects of some analgesic drugs on erythrocyte and recombinant carbonic anhydrase I and II. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2011; 27:37-42. [DOI: 10.3109/14756366.2011.574130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Başak Gökçe
- Balıkesir University, Science and Art Faculty, Department of Chemistry/Biochemistry Section,
Balıkesir, Turkey
| | - Nahit Gençer
- Balıkesir University, Science and Art Faculty, Department of Chemistry/Biochemistry Section,
Balıkesir, Turkey
| | - Oktay Arslan
- Balıkesir University, Science and Art Faculty, Department of Chemistry/Biochemistry Section,
Balıkesir, Turkey
| | - Sumeyye Aydogan Turkoğlu
- Balıkesir University, Science and Art Faculty, Department of Biology/Molecular Biology Section,
Balıkesir, Turkey
| | - Meltem Alper
- Balıkesir University, Science and Art Faculty, Department of Biology/Molecular Biology Section,
Balıkesir, Turkey
| | - Feray Köçkar
- Balıkesir University, Science and Art Faculty, Department of Biology/Molecular Biology Section,
Balıkesir, Turkey
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