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Naderi A, Akıncıoğlu A, Çağan A, Çelikkaleli H, Akıncıoğlu H, Göksu S. Design, synthesis and anticholinergic properties of novel α-benzyl dopamine, tyramine, and phenethylamine derivatives. Bioorg Chem 2024; 144:107146. [PMID: 38262088 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Due to the important biological properties of dopamine, phenethylamine, and tyramine derivatives in the central nervous system, herein the synthesis of novel α-benzyl dopamine, phenethylamine, and tyramine derivatives is described. The title compounds were synthesized starting from 3-phenylpropanoic acids and methoxybenzenes in six or seven steps. Firstly, 3-(2,3-dimethoxyphenyl)propanoic acid (11) and 3-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)propanoic acid (12) were selectively brominated with N-bromosuccinimide (NBS). The Friedel-Crafts acylation of methoxylated benzenes with these brominated acids or commercially available 3-phenylpropanoic acid in polyphosphoric acid gave the desired dihydrochalcones. α-Carboxylation of dihydrochalcones, reduction of benzylic carbonyl groups, hydrolysis of esters to acid derivatives, and the Curtius rearrangement reaction of acids followed by in situ synthesis of carbamates from alkyl isocyanates and hydrogenolysis of the carbamates afforded the title compounds in good total yields. Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD) are chronic neurodegenerative diseases that become serious over time. However, the exact pathophysiology of both diseases has not been revealed yet. There have been many different approaches to the treatment of patients for many years, especially studies on the cholinergic system cover a wide area. Within the scope of this study, the inhibition effects of dopamine-derived carbamates and amine salts on the cholinergic enzymes AChE and BChE were examined. Dopamine-derived carbamate 24a-i showed inhibition in the micro-nanomolar range; compound 24d showed a Ki value of 26.79 nM against AChE and 3.33 nM against BChE, while another molecule, 24i, showed a Ki range of 27.24 nM and 0.92 nM against AChE and BChE, respectively. AChE and BChE were effectively inhibited by dopamine-derived amine salts 25j-s, with Ki values in the range of 17.70 to 468.57 µM and 0.76-211.23 µM, respectively. Additionally, 24c, 24e and 25m were determined to be 60, 276 and 90 times more selective against BChE than AChE, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Naderi
- Atatürk University, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Erzurum, Turkiye
| | - Akın Akıncıoğlu
- Ağrı İbrahim Çeçen University, Central Researching Laboratory, 04100, Ağrı, Turkiye; Vocational School, Ağrı İbrahim Çeçen University, 04100, Ağrı, Turkiye
| | - Ahmet Çağan
- Ağrı İbrahim Çeçen University, Central Researching Laboratory, 04100, Ağrı, Turkiye
| | - Hilal Çelikkaleli
- Atatürk University, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Erzurum, Turkiye
| | - Hülya Akıncıoğlu
- Ağrı İbrahim Çeçen University, Faculty of Arts and Science, 04100 Ağrı, Turkiye
| | - Süleyman Göksu
- Atatürk University, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Erzurum, Turkiye.
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2
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Byrne AJ, Bright SA, McKeown JP, Bergin A, Twamley B, McElligott AM, Noorani S, Kandwal S, Fayne D, O’Boyle NM, Williams DC, Meegan MJ. Synthesis and Pro-Apoptotic Effects of Nitrovinylanthracenes and Related Compounds in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukaemia (CLL) and Burkitt's Lymphoma (BL). Molecules 2023; 28:8095. [PMID: 38138584 PMCID: PMC10746112 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28248095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) is a malignancy of the immune B lymphocyte cells and is the most common leukaemia diagnosed in developed countries. In this paper, we report the synthesis and antiproliferative effects of a series of (E)-9-(2-nitrovinyl)anthracenes and related nitrostyrene compounds in CLL cell lines and also in Burkitt's lymphoma (BL) cell lines, a rare form of non-Hodgkin's immune B-cell lymphoma. The nitrostyrene scaffold was identified as a lead structure for the development of effective compounds targeting BL and CLL. The series of structurally diverse nitrostyrenes was synthesised via Henry-Knoevenagel condensation reactions. Single-crystal X-ray analysis confirmed the structure of (E)-9-chloro-10-(2-nitrobut-1-en-1-yl)anthracene (19f) and the related 4-(anthracen-9-yl)-1H-1,2,3-triazole (30a). The (E)-9-(2-nitrovinyl)anthracenes 19a, 19g and 19i-19m were found to elicit potent antiproliferative effects in both BL cell lines EBV-MUTU-1 (chemosensitive) and EBV+ DG-75 (chemoresistant) with >90% inhibition at 10 μM. Selected (E)-9-(2-nitrovinyl)anthracenes demonstrated potent antiproliferative activity in CLL cell lines, with IC50 values of 0.17 μM (HG-3) and 1.3 μM (PGA-1) for compound 19g. The pro-apoptotic effects of the most potent compounds 19a, 19g, 19i, 19l and 19m were demonstrated in both CLL cell lines HG-3 and PGA-1. The (E)-nitrostyrene and (E)-9-(2-nitrovinyl)anthracene series of compounds offer potential for further development as novel chemotherapeutics for CLL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J. Byrne
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, 152-160 Pearse St, Dublin 2, D02 R590 Dublin, Ireland (J.P.M.); (M.J.M.)
| | - Sandra A. Bright
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, 152-160 Pearse St, Dublin 2, D02 R590 Dublin, Ireland (S.K.); (D.F.); (D.C.W.)
| | - James. P. McKeown
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, 152-160 Pearse St, Dublin 2, D02 R590 Dublin, Ireland (J.P.M.); (M.J.M.)
| | - Adam Bergin
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, 152-160 Pearse St, Dublin 2, D02 R590 Dublin, Ireland (J.P.M.); (M.J.M.)
| | - Brendan Twamley
- School of Chemistry, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, 152-160 Pearse St, Dublin 2, D02 R590 Dublin, Ireland;
| | - Anthony M. McElligott
- Discipline of Haematology, School of Medicine, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, St. James’s Hospital and Trinity College, Dublin 8, D08 W9RT Dublin, Ireland;
| | - Sara Noorani
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, 152-160 Pearse St, Dublin 2, D02 R590 Dublin, Ireland (J.P.M.); (M.J.M.)
| | - Shubhangi Kandwal
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, 152-160 Pearse St, Dublin 2, D02 R590 Dublin, Ireland (S.K.); (D.F.); (D.C.W.)
| | - Darren Fayne
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, 152-160 Pearse St, Dublin 2, D02 R590 Dublin, Ireland (S.K.); (D.F.); (D.C.W.)
| | - Niamh M. O’Boyle
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, 152-160 Pearse St, Dublin 2, D02 R590 Dublin, Ireland (J.P.M.); (M.J.M.)
| | - D. Clive Williams
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, 152-160 Pearse St, Dublin 2, D02 R590 Dublin, Ireland (S.K.); (D.F.); (D.C.W.)
| | - Mary J. Meegan
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, 152-160 Pearse St, Dublin 2, D02 R590 Dublin, Ireland (J.P.M.); (M.J.M.)
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3
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Chen Y, Lan P, Banwell MG. Total Synthesis of Denigrin E and Its Oxidative Conversion into Co-occurring Metabolite Denigrin D. Org Lett 2022; 24:2931-2934. [PMID: 35394277 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c00955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
An unambiguous, six-step total synthesis of denigrin E (5) from anisaldehyde 22 has been achieved, confirming the structure of this marine natural product. On treatment with t-BuOOH/Mo(CO)6, compound 5 undergoes a unique and possibly biogenetically relevant oxidative rearrangement to generate the co-occurring metabolite denigrin D (4), which is obtained in 61% yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Chen
- Institute for Advanced and Applied Chemical Synthesis, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.,College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Ping Lan
- Institute for Advanced and Applied Chemical Synthesis, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.,College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Martin G Banwell
- Institute for Advanced and Applied Chemical Synthesis, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.,College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
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4
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Moon J, Ji HK, Ko N, Oh H, Park MS, Kim S, Ghosh P, Mishra NK, Kim IS. Site-selective and metal-free C-H nitration of biologically relevant N-heterocycles. Arch Pharm Res 2021; 44:1012-1023. [PMID: 34664211 PMCID: PMC8685193 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-021-01351-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The site-selective and metal-free C-H nitration reaction of quinoxalinones and pyrazinones as biologically important N-heterocycles with t-butyl nitrite is described. A wide range of quinoxalinones were efficiently applied in this transformation, providing C7-nitrated quinoxalinones without undergoing C3-nitration. From the view of mechanistic point, the radical addition reaction exclusively occurred at the electron-rich aromatic region beyond electron-deficient N-heterocycle ring. This is a first report on the C7-H functionalization of quinoxalinones under metal-free conditions. In contrast, the nitration reaction readily takes place at the C3-position of pyrazinones. This transformation is characterized by the scale-up compatibility, mild reaction conditions, and excellent functional group tolerance. The applicability of the developed method is showcased by the selective reduction of NO2 functionality on the C7-nitrated quinoxalinone product, providing aniline derivatives. Combined mechanistic investigations aided the elucidation of a plausible reaction mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junghyea Moon
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Ku Ji
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Nayoung Ko
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Harin Oh
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Seo Park
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Suho Kim
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Prithwish Ghosh
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Neeraj Kumar Mishra
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea.
| | - In Su Kim
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea.
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5
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Paul N, Maity S, Panja S, Maiti D. Recent Advances in the Nitration of Olefins. CHEM REC 2021; 21:2896-2908. [PMID: 34569706 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202100217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Nitroolefins are important synthetic intermediates in the field of organic synthesis as well as in medicinal chemistry. The high reactivity of nitroalkenes due to the polarized double bond which enables them to act as Michael acceptor in conjugate addition reactions, or as a dienophile in cycloaddition makes it an essential synthetic handle for accessing complex molecules. The classical method to prepare nitroolefins is indeed the Henry nitroaldol reaction, where a carbonyl compound and nitroalkane are condensed in presence of base. Direct nitration of olefin, on the other hand, serves as a useful alternative as olefins are abundant, have broad commercial availability and easy to manipulate. In this context, numerous methods have been developed over the last few decades, focusing on direct nitration of styrene and aliphatic olefins. Furthermore, thorough literature search revealed that implementation of this class of reactions are gaining momentum as a preferred pathway to access nitroolefins, despite the presence of a powerful technique such as Henry reaction. In this review, we aim to cover recent advances in direct olefin nitration and their importance in accessing biorelevant molecules, total synthesis targets and future outlook in this specific research area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilanjan Paul
- IIT Hyderabad, Department of Chemistry Kandi, 502285, Telangana, India
| | - Soham Maity
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, 400076, Mumbai, India
| | - Subir Panja
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, 400076, Mumbai, India
| | - Debabrata Maiti
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, 400076, Mumbai, India
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Qian YE, Zheng L, Xiang HY, Yang H. Recent progress in the nitration of arenes and alkenes. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:4835-4851. [PMID: 34017966 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob00384d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Nitro compounds are a predominant class of synthetic intermediates and building blocks for the preparation of a wide range of nitrogen-containing compounds in the chemical industry. As such, impressive progress has been currently made in the nitration of aromatics and olefins with excellent functional group tolerance and site-selectivity. In this mini review, we intend to highlight the regiospecific nitration of arenes and alkenes in various reaction systems. The involved mechanisms are discussed as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-En Qian
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P. R. China.
| | - Lan Zheng
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P. R. China.
| | - Hao-Yue Xiang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P. R. China.
| | - Hua Yang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P. R. China.
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7
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Benaglia M, Faverio C, Boselli MF, Raimondi L. Ammonia–Borane-Mediated Reduction of Nitroalkenes. SYNOPEN 2020. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1705980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractAmmonia borane (AB) has been successfully employed in the reduction of nitroalkenes. A variety of nitrostyrenes and alkyl-substituted nitroalkenes were chemoselectively reduced to the corresponding nitroalkanes, in short reaction time, with an atom-economic, simple experimental procedure that also works with α- and β-substituted nitroolefins.
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8
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Byrne AJ, Bright SA, McKeown JP, O’Brien JE, Twamley B, Fayne D, Williams DC, Meegan MJ. Design, Synthesis and Biochemical Evaluation of Novel Ethanoanthracenes and Related Compounds to Target Burkitt's Lymphoma. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2020; 13:ph13010016. [PMID: 31963567 PMCID: PMC7168933 DOI: 10.3390/ph13010016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Lymphomas (cancers of the lymphatic system) account for 12% of malignant diseases worldwide. Burkitt’s lymphoma (BL) is a rare form of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma in which the cancer starts in the immune B-cells. We report the synthesis and preliminary studies on the antiproliferative activity of a library of 9,10-dihydro-9,10-ethanoanthracene based compounds structurally related to the antidepressant drug maprotiline against BL cell lines MUTU-1 and DG-75. Structural modifications were achieved by Diels-Alder reaction of the core 9-(2-nitrovinyl)anthracene with number of dienophiles including maleic anhydride, maleimides, acrylonitrile and benzyne. The antiproliferative activity of these compounds was evaluated in BL cell lines EBV− MUTU-1 and EBV+ DG-75 (chemoresistant). The most potent compounds 13j, 15, 16a, 16b, 16c, 16d and 19a displayed IC50 values in the range 0.17–0.38 μM against the BL cell line EBV− MUTU-1 and IC50 values in the range 0.45–0.78 μM against the chemoresistant BL cell line EBV+ DG-75. Compounds 15, 16b and 16c demonstrated potent ROS dependent apoptotic effects on the BL cell lines which were superior to the control drug taxol and showed minimal cytotoxicity to peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). The results suggest that this class of compounds merits further investigation as antiproliferative agents for BL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J. Byrne
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, 152-160 Pearse St, Dublin 2, D02 R590, Ireland; (A.J.B.); (J.P.M.)
| | - Sandra A. Bright
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, 152-160 Pearse St, Dublin 2, D02 R590, Ireland; (S.A.B.); (D.F.); (D.C.W.)
| | - James P. McKeown
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, 152-160 Pearse St, Dublin 2, D02 R590, Ireland; (A.J.B.); (J.P.M.)
| | - John E. O’Brien
- School of Chemistry, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, 152-160 Pearse St, Dublin 2, D02 R590, Ireland; (J.E.O.); (B.T.)
| | - Brendan Twamley
- School of Chemistry, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, 152-160 Pearse St, Dublin 2, D02 R590, Ireland; (J.E.O.); (B.T.)
| | - Darren Fayne
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, 152-160 Pearse St, Dublin 2, D02 R590, Ireland; (S.A.B.); (D.F.); (D.C.W.)
| | - D. Clive Williams
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, 152-160 Pearse St, Dublin 2, D02 R590, Ireland; (S.A.B.); (D.F.); (D.C.W.)
| | - Mary J. Meegan
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, 152-160 Pearse St, Dublin 2, D02 R590, Ireland; (A.J.B.); (J.P.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +353-1-896-2798; Fax: +353-1-8962793
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9
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Abstract
The nitro group is considered to be a versatile and unique functional group in medicinal chemistry. Despite a long history of use in therapeutics, the nitro group has toxicity issues and is often categorized as a structural alert or a toxicophore, and evidence related to drugs containing nitro groups is rather contradictory. In general, drugs containing nitro groups have been extensively associated with mutagenicity and genotoxicity. In this context, efforts toward the structure-mutagenicity or structure-genotoxicity relationships have been undertaken. The current Perspective covers various aspects of agents that contain nitro groups, their bioreductive activation mechanisms, their toxicities, and approaches to combat their toxicity issues. In addition, recent advances in the field of anticancer, antitubercular and antiparasitic agents containing nitro groups, along with a patent survey on hypoxia-activated prodrugs containing nitro groups, are also covered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunal Nepali
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy , Taipei Medical University , 250 Wuxing Street , Taipei 11031 , Taiwan
| | - Hsueh-Yun Lee
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy , Taipei Medical University , 250 Wuxing Street , Taipei 11031 , Taiwan
| | - Jing-Ping Liou
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy , Taipei Medical University , 250 Wuxing Street , Taipei 11031 , Taiwan
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10
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3'-hydroxy-4'-methoxy-β-methyl-β-nitrostyrene inhibits tumorigenesis in colorectal cancer cells through ROS-mediated DNA damage and mitochondrial dysfunction. Oncotarget 2017; 8:18106-18117. [PMID: 28178649 PMCID: PMC5392311 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.14996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The β-nitrostyrene family has been shown to suppress cell proliferation and induce apoptosis in types of various cancers. However, the mechanisms underlying the anticancer effects of β-nitrostyrenes in colorectal cancer remain poorly understood. In this study, we synthesized a β-nitrostyrene derivative, CYT-Rx20 (3'-hydroxy-4'-methoxy-β-methyl-β-nitrostyrene), and investigated its anticancer activities in human colorectal cancer cells both in vitro and in vivo. Our findings showed that treatment with CYT-Rx20 reduced cell viability and induced DNA damage in colorectal cancer cells. In addition, CYT-Rx20 induced cell cycle arrest of colorectal cancer cells at the G2/M phase and upregulated the protein expression of phospho-ERK, cyclin B1, phospho-cdc2 (Tyr15), aurora A, and aurora B, while it downregulated the expression of cdc25A and cdc25C. Furthermore, we found that CYT-Rx20 caused accumulation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reduction of mitochondrial membrane potential. The effects of CYT-Rx20 on cell viability, DNA damage, and mitochondrial membrane potential were reversed by pretreatment with the thiol antioxidant N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC), suggesting that ROS-mediated DNA damage and mitochondrial dysregulation play a critical role in these events. Finally, the nude mice xenograft study showed that CYT-Rx20 significantly reduced tumor growth of implanted colorectal cancer cells accompanied by elevated protein expression of aurora A, aurora B, γH2AX, phosphor-ERK, and MDA in the tumor tissues. Taken together, these results suggest that CYT-Rx20 may potentially be developed as a novel β-nitrostyrene-based anticancer agent for colorectal cancer.
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11
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Cai Y, Benischke AD, Knochel P, Gosmini C. Cobalt-Catalyzed Reductive Cross-Coupling Between Styryl and Benzyl Halides. Chemistry 2016; 23:250-253. [PMID: 27762460 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201603832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A simple and efficient protocol for the direct reductive cross-coupling between alkenyl and benzyl halides using a Co/Mn system has been developed. This reaction proceeds smoothly in the presence of [CoBr2 (PPh3 )2 ] as the catalyst, with NaI as an additive in acetonitrile with a broad scope of functionalized alkenyl and benzyl halides. Different functional groups are tolerated on both coupling partners, thus, significantly extending the general scope of transition-metal-catalyzed benzylation of alkenyl halides. Moderate to excellent yields were also obtained. From a mechanistic point of view, a radical chain mechanism was proposed. This reaction is stereospecific and some studies suggest the retention of the double-bond configuration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingxiao Cai
- LCM, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Université Paris-Saclay, 91128, Palaiseau, France
| | - Andreas D Benischke
- Department of Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Butenandtstr. 5-13, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Paul Knochel
- Department of Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Butenandtstr. 5-13, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Corinne Gosmini
- LCM, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Université Paris-Saclay, 91128, Palaiseau, France
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12
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The Synthetic β-Nitrostyrene Derivative CYT-Rx20 Inhibits Esophageal Tumor Growth and Metastasis via PI3K/AKT and STAT3 Pathways. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0166453. [PMID: 27875549 PMCID: PMC5119777 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0166453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2016] [Accepted: 10/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The β-nitrostyrene family have been implicated for anti-cancer property. However, the pharmacological role of β-nitrostyrene in esophageal cancer remain unclear. Here, a β-nitrostyrene derivative, CYT-Rx20, was synthesized and assessed for its anti-cancer activities and underlying mechanism in esophageal cancer. CYT-Rx20 induced cytotoxicity in esophageal cancer cells by promoting apoptosis through activation of caspase cascade and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) cleavage. Besides, CYT-Rx20 inhibited esophageal cancer cell migration and invasion by regulating the expression of epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers. CYT-Rx20 decreased cell viability and migration through suppression of the PI3K/AKT and STAT3 pathways. Of note, the cytotoxicity and anti-migratory effect of CYT-Rx20 were enhanced by co-treatment with SC79 (AKT activator) or colivelin (STAT3 activator), suggesting the dependency of esophageal cancer cells on AKT and STAT3 for survival and migration, an oncogene addiction phenomenon. In xenograft tumor-bearing mice, CYT-Rx20 significantly reduced tumor growth of the implanted esophageal cancer cells accompanied by decreased Ki-67, phospho-AKT, and phospho-STAT3 expression. In orthotopic esophageal cancer mouse model, decreased tumor growth and lung metastasis with reduced Ki-67 and phospho-STAT3 expression were observed in mice treated with CYT-Rx20. Together, our results suggest that CYT-Rx20 is a potential β-nitrostyrene-based anticancer compound against the tumor growth and metastasis of esophageal cancer.
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Huang Z, Lv J, Jia Y. A Simple and Efficient Synthesis of Secondary Alkylamines from Nitroalkanes. ChemistrySelect 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201601464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University; Xue Yuan Rd. 38 Beijing 100191
| | - Jianbo Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University; Xue Yuan Rd. 38 Beijing 100191
| | - Yanxing Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University; Xue Yuan Rd. 38 Beijing 100191
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Pilipenko AS, Uchuskin MG, Trushkov IV, Butin AV. A simple route to γ-carbolines and indolizino[7,6- b ]indoles. Tetrahedron 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2015.09.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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15
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Zhao Y, Sun L, Zeng T, Wang J, Peng Y, Song G. Direct olefination of benzaldehydes into 1,3-diarylpropenes via a copper-catalyzed heterodomino Knoevenagel-decarboxylation-Csp3-H activation sequence. Org Biomol Chem 2014; 12:3493-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ob00155a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Copper-catalyzed direct olefination of benzaldehydes into unsymmetrical 1,3-diarylpropenes by a novel domino Knoevenagel-decarboxylation-Csp3-H activation sequence using simpler substrates like benzaldehydes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaping Zhao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology
- Institute of Pesticides and Pharmaceuticals
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237, P.R. China
| | - Lu Sun
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology
- Institute of Pesticides and Pharmaceuticals
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237, P.R. China
| | - Tieqiang Zeng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology
- Institute of Pesticides and Pharmaceuticals
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237, P.R. China
| | - Jiayi Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology
- Institute of Pesticides and Pharmaceuticals
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237, P.R. China
| | - Yanqing Peng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology
- Institute of Pesticides and Pharmaceuticals
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237, P.R. China
| | - Gonghua Song
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology
- Institute of Pesticides and Pharmaceuticals
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200237, P.R. China
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16
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McNamara Y, Bright S, Byrne A, Cloonan S, McCabe T, Williams D, Meegan M. Synthesis and antiproliferative action of a novel series of maprotiline analogues. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 71:333-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2013.10.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2013] [Revised: 10/29/2013] [Accepted: 10/30/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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17
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O'Connor RE, Keating JJ. Characterization of synthetic routes to ‘Bromo-DragonFLY’ and benzodifuranyl isopropylamine homologues utilizing ketone intermediates. Part 1: Synthesis of ketone precursors. Drug Test Anal 2013; 6:658-67. [DOI: 10.1002/dta.1504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2013] [Revised: 05/29/2013] [Accepted: 05/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Richard E. O'Connor
- Analytical & Biological Chemistry Research Facility (ABCRF), School of Pharmacy/Department of Chemistry; University College Cork; College Road Cork Ireland
| | - John J. Keating
- Analytical & Biological Chemistry Research Facility (ABCRF), School of Pharmacy/Department of Chemistry; University College Cork; College Road Cork Ireland
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Bright SA, Brinkø A, Larsen MT, Sinning S, Williams DC, Jensen HH. Basic N-interlinked imipramines show apoptotic activity against malignant cells including Burkitt’s lymphoma. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2013; 23:1220-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2013.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2012] [Revised: 01/01/2013] [Accepted: 01/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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19
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Yang J, Dong J, Lü X, Zhang Q, Ding W, Shi X. Ethylenediamine: A Highly Effective Catalyst for One-Pot Synthesis of Aryl Nitroalkenes via Henry Reaction and Dehydration. CHINESE J CHEM 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.201201094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Osteosarcoma Phenotype Is Inhibited by 3,4-Methylenedioxy-β-nitrostyrene. Sarcoma 2012; 2012:479712. [PMID: 22701331 PMCID: PMC3371351 DOI: 10.1155/2012/479712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2011] [Accepted: 02/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
β-nitrostyrene compounds, such as 3,4-methylenedioxy-β-nitrostyrene (MNS), inhibit growth and induce apoptosis in tumor cells, but no reports have investigated their role in osteosarcoma. In this study, human osteosarcoma cell families with cell lines of varying tumorigenic and metastatic potential were utilized. Scrape motility assays, colony formation assays, and colony survival assays were performed with osteosarcoma cell lines, both in the presence and absence of MNS. Effects of MNS on human osteoblasts and airway epithelial cells were assessed in monolayer cultures. MNS decreased metastatic cell line motility by 72–76% and colony formation by 95–100%. MNS consistently disrupted preformed colonies in a time-dependent and dose-dependent manner. MNS had similar effects on human osteoblasts but little effect on airway epithelial cells. An inactive analog of MNS had no detectable effects, demonstrating specificity. MNS decreases motility and colony formation of osteosarcoma cells and disrupts preformed cell colonies, while producing little effect on pulmonary epithelial cells.
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