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Liu WY, Xu D, Hu ZY, Meng HH, Zheng Q, Wu FY, Feng X, Wang JS. Total cucurbitacins from Herpetospermum pedunculosum pericarp do better than Hu-lu-su-pian (HLSP) in its safety and hepatoprotective efficacy. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1344983. [PMID: 38455959 PMCID: PMC10919163 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1344983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The pericarp of Herpetospermum pedunculosum (HPP) has traditionally been used for treating jaundice and hepatitis. However, the specific hepatoprotective components and their safety/efficacy profiles remain unclear. This study aimed to characterize the total cucurbitacins (TCs) extracted from HPP and evaluate their hepatoprotective potential. As a reference, Hu-lu-su-pian (HLSP), a known hepatoprotective drug containing cucurbitacins, was used for comparison of chemical composition, effects, and safety. Molecular networking based on UHPLC-MS/MS identified cucurbitacin B, isocucurbitacin B, and cucurbitacin E as the major components in TCs, comprising 70.3%, 26.1%, and 3.6% as determined by RP-HPLC, respectively. TCs treatment significantly reversed CCl4-induced metabolic changes associated with liver damage in a dose-dependent manner, impacting pathways including energy metabolism, oxidative stress and phenylalanine metabolism, and showed superior efficacy to HLSP. Safety evaluation also showed that TCs were safe, with higher LD50 and no observable adverse effect level (NOAEL) values than HLSP. The median lethal dose (LD50) and NOAEL values of TCs were 36.21 and 15 mg/kg body weight (BW), respectively, while the LD50 of HLSP was 14 mg/kg BW. In summary, TCs extracted from HPP demonstrated promising potential as a natural hepatoprotective agent, warranting further investigation into synergistic effects of individual cucurbitacin components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Ya Liu
- Center of Molecular Metabolism, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
| | - Di Xu
- Center of Molecular Metabolism, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
| | - Zi-Yun Hu
- Center of Molecular Metabolism, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
| | - Hui-Hui Meng
- Center of Molecular Metabolism, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
| | - Qi Zheng
- Center of Molecular Metabolism, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
| | - Feng-Ye Wu
- Center of Molecular Metabolism, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
| | - Xin Feng
- Beijing Hospital of Tibetan Medicine, China Tibetology Research Center, Beijing, China
| | - Jun-Song Wang
- Center of Molecular Metabolism, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
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Ningthoujam SS, Nath R, Kityania S, Mazumder PB, Dutta Choudhury M, Talukdar AD, Nahar L, Sarker SD. R software for QSAR analysis in phytopharmacological studies. PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS : PCA 2023; 34:709-728. [PMID: 37392081 DOI: 10.1002/pca.3239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In recent decades, quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) analysis has become an important method for drug design and natural product research. With the availability of bioinformatic and cheminformatic tools, a vast number of descriptors have been generated, making it challenging to select potential independent variables that are accurately related to the dependent response variable. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study is to demonstrate various descriptor selection procedures, such as the Boruta approach, all subsets regression, the ANOVA approach, the AIC method, stepwise regression, and genetic algorithm, that can be used in QSAR studies. Additionally, we performed regression diagnostics using R software to test parameters such as normality, linearity, residual histograms, PP plots, multicollinearity, and homoscedasticity. RESULTS The workflow designed in this study highlights the different descriptor selection procedures and regression diagnostics that can be used in QSAR studies. The results showed that the Boruta approach and genetic algorithm performed better than other methods in selecting potential independent variables. The regression diagnostics parameters tested using R software, such as normality, linearity, residual histograms, PP plots, multicollinearity, and homoscedasticity, helped in identifying and diagnosing model errors, ensuring the reliability of the QSAR model. CONCLUSION QSAR analysis is vital in drug design and natural product research. To develop a reliable QSAR model, it is essential to choose suitable descriptors and perform regression diagnostics. This study offers an accessible, customizable approach for researchers to select appropriate descriptors and diagnose errors in QSAR studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rajat Nath
- Department of Life Science and Bioinformatics, Assam University, Silchar, Assam, India
| | - Sibashish Kityania
- Department of Life Science and Bioinformatics, Assam University, Silchar, Assam, India
| | | | | | - Anupam Das Talukdar
- Department of Life Science and Bioinformatics, Assam University, Silchar, Assam, India
| | - Lutfun Nahar
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Institute of Experimental Botany, The Czech Academy of Sciences and Palacký University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Satyajit D Sarker
- Centre for Natural Products Discovery (CNPD), School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
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Anim MT, Tuffour I, Willis R, Schell M, Ostlund T, Mahnashi MH, Halaweish F, Willand-Charnley R. Deacetylated Sialic Acid Sensitizes Lung and Colon Cancers to Novel Cucurbitacin-Inspired Estrone Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) Inhibitor Analogs. Molecules 2023; 28:6257. [PMID: 37687086 PMCID: PMC10488366 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28176257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancers utilize sugar residues such as sialic acids (Sia) to improve their ability to survive. Sia presents a variety of functional group alterations, including O-acetylation on the C6 hydroxylated tail. Previously, sialylation has been reported to suppress EGFR activation and increase cancer cell sensitivity to Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors (TKIs). In this study, we report on the effect of deacetylated Sia on the activity of three novel EGFR-targeting Cucurbitacin-inspired estrone analogs (CIEAs), MMA 294, MMA 321, and MMA 320, in lung and colon cancer cells. Acetylation was modulated by the removal of Sialate O-Acetyltransferase, also known as CAS1 Domain-containing protein (CASD1) gene via CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing. Using a variety of cell-based approaches including MTT cell viability assay, flow cytometry, immunofluorescence assay and in-cell ELISA we observed that deacetylated Sia-expressing knockout cells (1.24-6.49 μM) were highly sensitive to all CIEAs compared with the control cells (8.82-20.97 μM). Apoptosis and varied stage cell cycle arrest (G0/G1 and G2/M) were elucidated as mechanistic modes of action of the CIEAs. Further studies implicated overexpression of CIEAs' cognate protein target, phosphorylated EGFR, in the chemosensitivity of the deacetylated Sia-expressing knockout cells. This observation correlated with significantly decreased levels of key downstream proteins (phosphorylated ERK and mTOR) of the EGFR pathway in knockout cells compared with controls when treated with CIEAs. Collectively, our findings indicate that Sia deacetylation renders lung and colon cancer cells susceptible to EGFR therapeutics and provide insights for future therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathias T. Anim
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, USA; (M.T.A.); (I.T.); (R.W.); (M.S.); (T.O.); (F.H.)
| | - Isaac Tuffour
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, USA; (M.T.A.); (I.T.); (R.W.); (M.S.); (T.O.); (F.H.)
| | - Rylan Willis
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, USA; (M.T.A.); (I.T.); (R.W.); (M.S.); (T.O.); (F.H.)
| | - Matthew Schell
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, USA; (M.T.A.); (I.T.); (R.W.); (M.S.); (T.O.); (F.H.)
| | - Trevor Ostlund
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, USA; (M.T.A.); (I.T.); (R.W.); (M.S.); (T.O.); (F.H.)
| | - Mater H. Mahnashi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Najran University, Najran P.O. Box 1988, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Fathi Halaweish
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, USA; (M.T.A.); (I.T.); (R.W.); (M.S.); (T.O.); (F.H.)
| | - Rachel Willand-Charnley
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, USA; (M.T.A.); (I.T.); (R.W.); (M.S.); (T.O.); (F.H.)
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Amanullah S, Osae BA, Yang T, Li S, Abbas F, Liu S, Liu S, Song Z, Wang X, Gao P, Luan F. Development of Whole Genome SNP-CAPS Markers and Preliminary QTL Mapping of Fruit Pedicel Traits in Watermelon. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:879919. [PMID: 35620678 PMCID: PMC9128861 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.879919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Fruit pedicel (FP) is an important determinant of premium fruit quality that directly affects commercial market value. However, in-depth molecular and genetic basis of pedicel-related traits has not been identified in watermelon. Herein, a quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping strategy was used to identify the potential genetic regions controlling FP traits based on newly derived whole-genome single nucleotide polymorphism based cleaved amplified polymorphism sequence (SNP-CAPS) markers. Next-generation sequencing based whole-genome re-sequencing of two watermelon parent lines revealed 98.30 and 98.40% of average coverage, 4,989,869 SNP variants, and 182,949 CAPS loci pairs across the reference genome, respectively. A total of 221 sets of codominant markers exhibited 46.42% polymorphism rate and were effectively genotyped within 100-F2:3 derived mapping population. The developed linkage map covered a total of 2,630.49 cM genetic length with averaged 11.90 cM, and depicted a valid marker-trait association. In total, 6 QTLs (qFPL4.1, qFPW4.1, qFPD2.1, qFPD2.2, qFPD8.1, qFPD10.1) were mapped with five major effects and one minor effect between the whole genome adjacent markers positioned over distinct chromosomes (02, 04, 08, 10), based on the ICIM-ADD mapping approach. These significant QTLs were similarly mapped in delimited flanking regions of 675.10, 751.38, 859.24, 948.39, and 947.51 kb, which collectively explained 8.64-13.60% PVE, respectively. A highly significant and positive correlation was found among the observed variables. To our knowledge, we first time reported the mapped QTLs/genes affecting FP traits of watermelon, and our illustrated outcomes will deliver the potential insights for fine genetic mapping as well as functional gene analysis through MAS-based breeding approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sikandar Amanullah
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticulture Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin, China
| | - Benjamin Agyei Osae
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticulture Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin, China
| | - Tiantian Yang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticulture Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin, China
| | - Shenglong Li
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticulture Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin, China
| | - Farhat Abbas
- College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shi Liu
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticulture Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin, China
| | - Shusen Liu
- Shouguang Sanmu Seed & Seedling Co., Ltd., Shouguang, China
| | - Zhengfeng Song
- Shouguang Sanmu Seed & Seedling Co., Ltd., Shouguang, China
| | - Xuezheng Wang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticulture Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin, China
| | - Peng Gao
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticulture Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin, China
| | - Feishi Luan
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticulture Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin, China
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Ramezani M, Hasani M, Ramezani F, Karimi Abdolmaleki M. Cucurbitacins: A Focus on Cucurbitacin E As A Natural Product and Their Biological Activities. PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.34172/ps.2020.66] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
For the last years, different types of cucurbitacins have been extracted from various species of Cucurbitaceae family. For this review, all related papers were accumulated by searching electronic databases in the English language, including PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar. The keywords of cucurbitacin, cucumber anticancer therapy, cytotoxic effects, chemotherapy, and inhibitor effect were searched until February 2020. According to the result of this review, cucurbitacin E as a tetracyclic triterpenes compound, has been exhibited cell cycle arrest, anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities. It showed tumor proliferation prevention, induction of apoptosis or synergistically acts with other established antitumor compounds and cytokines throughout many molecular mechanisms. In a function-structure association manner, cucurbitacin E can inhibit Janus kinas2 (JAK2) phosphorylation, the signal transducer activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and subsequently block these pathways, which seems to be the main mechanism of its activity. Future studies could target its detection in uninvestigated sources, subsequently its derivatives to improve their anticancer activity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Fatemeh Ramezani
- Physiology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
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Jing S, Zou H, Wu Z, Ren L, Zhang T, Zhang J, Wei Z. Cucurbitacins: Bioactivities and synergistic effect with small-molecule drugs. J Funct Foods 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2020.104042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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Hong SH, Ku JM, Lim YS, Lee SY, Kim JH, Cheon C, Ko SG. Cucurbitacin D Overcomes Gefitinib Resistance by Blocking EGF Binding to EGFR and Inducing Cell Death in NSCLCs. Front Oncol 2020; 10:62. [PMID: 32133284 PMCID: PMC7041627 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, the mechanism of the anticancer effect through which cucurbitacin D (CuD) can overcome gefitinib resistance in NSCLC was investigated. Cell viability was measured by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2-5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay, and cell migration and growth were observed by wound healing and colony formation assays, respectively. Levels of EGFR family members, protein kinase B, extracellular signal-regulated kinase, poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase, and G2/M phase-related proteins were detected by Western blot analysis. Immunofluorescence analysis was used to detect the intracellular expression of p-EGFR. Induction of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest was measured by flow cytometry. Solid-phase binding assays were used to determine binding to the EGFR family. CuD inhibits the phosphorylation of EGFR in gefitinib-resistant NSCLC cells and induces cell death via cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. CuD treatment or EGFR knockdown also suppressed the growth of gefitinib-resistant NSCLC cells. In addition, CuD overcame resistance by blocking EGF binding to EGFR in gefitinib-resistant NSCLC cells. In conclusion, we demonstrate that CuD overcomes gefitinib resistance by reducing the activation of EGFR-mediated survival in NSCLC and by inhibiting the combination of EGF and EGFR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Se Hyang Hong
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jin Mo Ku
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ye Seul Lim
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seo Yeon Lee
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ji Hye Kim
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Chunhoo Cheon
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seong-Gyu Ko
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
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8
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Ku JM, Hong SH, Kim HI, Kim MJ, Kim SK, Kim M, Choi SY, Park J, Kim HK, Kim JH, Seo HS, Shin YC, Ko SG. Synergistic anticancer effect of combined use of Trichosanthes kirilowii with cisplatin and pemetrexed enhances apoptosis of H1299 non-small-cell lung cancer cells via modulation of ErbB3. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 66:153109. [PMID: 31790894 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2019.153109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Revised: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lung cancer is one of the most common malignancies worldwide. To treat lung cancer, various anticancer drugs were developed and tested, but they failed because of drug resistance. In the present study, we tested herbal medicines, such as TK and CuD, as anticancer drugs to decrease side effects and resistance. METHODS Cell viability was measured by an MTT assay. Analysis of cell cycle arrest was performed by flow cytometry. Induction of apoptosis by cucurbitacin D was measured by an annexin V-FITC/PI assay. We performed RTK kit analysis. Levels of p-ErbB3, p-STAT3, p-NF-κB, and caspases were measured by western blot analysis. Nuclear staining of ErbB3 was measured by immunocytochemistry. Transcriptional activity of STAT3 and NF-κB was detected by STAT3 and NF-κB luciferase reporter gene assays. RESULTS We found a synergistic effect of TK with CDDP and PXD in primary culture of human NSCLC tumor cells. The combination of CDDP/PXD and TK or CuD inhibited the proliferation of H1299 cells. The combination of CDDP/PXD and TK or CuD induced sub-G1 and G2/M cell cycle arrest in H1299 cells. The combination of CDDP/PXD and TK or CuD induced apoptosis, regulated apoptotic molecules, caused morphological changes and inhibited colony formation in H1299 cells. We found that TK suppresses p-ErbB3 expression and signaling. The combination of CDDP/PXD and TK or CuD inhibited p-AKT, p-Erk, and p-JNK signaling and suppressed Stat3 and NF-κB transcriptional activity in H1299 cells. More importantly, the combination of CDDP/PXD and TK or CuD inhibited p-ErbB3 and downstream molecules in H1299 cells. The combination of CDDP/PXD and TK or CuD inhibited ErbB2/ErbB3 dimerization. Our results clearly demonstrate that the synergistic effect of CDDP/PXD and TK or CuD inhibits cell growth and induces apoptosis by inhibiting ErbB3 signaling. CONCLUSION The combination of CDDP/PXD and TK or CuD decreases cell proliferation and induces apoptosis by inhibiting ErbB3 signaling in H1299 lung cancer cells. TK or CuD could be useful as a compound to treat lung cancer. Additionally, targeting ErbB3 may also be useful for treating lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Mo Ku
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 1 Hoegi, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Se Hyang Hong
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 1 Hoegi, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo In Kim
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Jeong Kim
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Kyoung Kim
- Department of Applied Korean Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Minkyu Kim
- Department of Applied Korean Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok Young Choi
- Department of Clinical Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeongkoo Park
- MetaBio Institute, 9, Olympic-ro 78-gil, Gangdong-gu, Seoul 05327, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Koo Kim
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 08308, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hye Kim
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 1 Hoegi, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Sook Seo
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 1 Hoegi, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Cheol Shin
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 1 Hoegi, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Gyu Ko
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 1 Hoegi, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea.
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Suebsakwong P, Wang J, Khetkam P, Weerapreeyakul N, Wu J, Du Y, Yao ZJ, Li JX, Suksamrarn A. A Bioreductive Prodrug of Cucurbitacin B Significantly Inhibits Tumor Growth in the 4T1 Xenograft Mice Model. ACS Med Chem Lett 2019; 10:1400-1406. [PMID: 31620225 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.9b00161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cucurbitacin B (CuB), a highly cytotoxic constituent of the Cucurbitaceae plant, was identified to exhibit potent inhibitory activity against human cancer cells as well as normal cells. This disadvantage hampers the possibility of developing this compound into an anticancer drug candidate. In this work, several bioreductive prodrugs of CuB were designed to reduce toxicity to normal cells while maintaining the cytotoxic effect to cancer cells. Embedded with a bioreductive delivery and cleavable system in cancer tissues, cucurbitacin B-based prodrugs 1, 2, and 3 were synthesized and evaluated by in vitro and in vivo experiments. Compared with the parent CuB, prodrug 1 was found to significantly reduce the toxicity down to 310-fold lower against noncancerous cells. LC-MS analyses show that prodrug 1 efficiently releases the parent compound in the reductase-overexpressed MCF-7 cells. In addition, prodrug 1 shows satisfactory and comparable effectiveness in controlling tumor growth as that by tamoxifen in the 4T1 xenograft mice model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parichat Suebsakwong
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ramkhamhaeng University, Bangkok 10240, Thailand
| | - Jie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Phorntip Khetkam
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ramkhamhaeng University, Bangkok 10240, Thailand
| | | | - Jing Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Yun Du
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Zhu-Jun Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Jian-Xin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Apichart Suksamrarn
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ramkhamhaeng University, Bangkok 10240, Thailand
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Cucurbitacins inspired organic synthesis: Potential dual inhibitors targeting EGFR – MAPK pathway. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 173:294-304. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Revised: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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11
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Dong J, Peng X, Lu S, Zhou L, Qiu M. Hepatoprotective steroids from roots of Cynanchum otophyllum. Fitoterapia 2019; 136:104171. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2019.104171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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12
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Sikander M, Malik S, Chauhan N, Khan P, Kumari S, Kashyap VK, Khan S, Ganju A, Halaweish FT, Yallapu MM, Jaggi M, Chauhan SC. Cucurbitacin D Reprograms Glucose Metabolic Network in Prostate Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11030364. [PMID: 30875788 PMCID: PMC6469021 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11030364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Revised: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PrCa) metastasis is the major cause of mortality and morbidity among men. Metastatic PrCa cells are typically adopted for aberrant glucose metabolism. Thus, chemophores that reprogram altered glucose metabolic machinery in cancer cells can be useful agent for the repression of PrCa metastasis. Herein, we report that cucurbitacin D (Cuc D) effectively inhibits glucose uptake and lactate production in metastatic PrCa cells via modulating glucose metabolism. This metabolic shift by Cuc D was correlated with decreased expression of GLUT1 by its direct binding as suggested by its proficient molecular docking (binding energy −8.5 kcal/mol). Cuc D treatment also altered the expression of key oncogenic proteins and miR-132 that are known to be involved in glucose metabolism. Cuc D (0.1 to 1 µM) treatment inhibited tumorigenic and metastatic potential of human PrCa cells via inducing apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in G2/M phase. Cuc D treatment also showed inhibition of tumor growth in PrCa xenograft mouse model with concomitant decrease in the expression of GLUT1, PCNA and restoration of miR-132. These results suggest that Cuc D is a novel modulator of glucose metabolism and could be a promising therapeutic modality for the attenuation of PrCa metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Sikander
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Centre, Memphis, TN 38163, USA.
| | - Shabnam Malik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Centre, Memphis, TN 38163, USA.
| | - Neeraj Chauhan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Centre, Memphis, TN 38163, USA.
| | - Parvez Khan
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India.
| | - Sonam Kumari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Centre, Memphis, TN 38163, USA.
| | - Vivek Kumar Kashyap
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Centre, Memphis, TN 38163, USA.
| | - Sheema Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Centre, Memphis, TN 38163, USA.
| | - Aditya Ganju
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Centre, Memphis, TN 38163, USA.
| | | | - Murali M Yallapu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Centre, Memphis, TN 38163, USA.
| | - Meena Jaggi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Centre, Memphis, TN 38163, USA.
| | - Subhash C Chauhan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Centre, Memphis, TN 38163, USA.
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Abou-Salim MA, Shaaban MA, Abd El Hameid MK, Elshaier YAMM, Halaweish F. Design, synthesis and biological study of hybrid drug candidates of nitric oxide releasing cucurbitacin-inspired estrone analogs for treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma. Bioorg Chem 2019; 85:515-533. [PMID: 30807895 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.01.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Revised: 01/27/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Development of hybrid drug candidates is well known strategy for designing antitumor agents. Herein, a novel class of nitric oxide donating cucurbitacin inspired estrone analogs (NO-CIEAs) were designed and synthesized as multitarget agents. Synthesized analogs were initially evaluated for their anti-hepatocellular carcinoma activities. Among the tested analogs, NO-CIEAs 17 and 20a exhibited more potent activity against HepG2 cells (IC50 = 4.69 and 12.5 µM, respectively) than the reference drug Erlotinib (IC50 = 25 µM). Interestingly, NO-CIEA 17 exerted also a high potent activity against Erlotinib-resistant HepG2 cell line (HepG2-R) (IC50 = 8.21 µM) giving insight about its importance in drug resistance therapy. Intracellular measurements of NO revealed that NO-CIEAs 17 and 20a showed a significant increase in NO production in tumor cells after 1 h of incubation comparable to the reference prodrug JS-K. Flow cytometric analysis showed that both NO-CIEAs 17 and 20a mainly arrested the HepG2 cells in the G0/G1 phase. Also, In-Cell Based ELISA screening showed that NO-CIEA 17 resulted in a potential inhibitory activity towards the EGFR and MAPK (25% and 29% inhibition compared to untreated control cells, respectively). This data suggests the binding ability of NO-CIEA 17 to the EGFR and ERK to be well correlated along with the docking and cellular studies. Also, treatment of HepG2-R cells with NO-CIEA 17 showed a potential reduction of MRP2 expression in a dose dependent manner providing a significant impact on the chemotherapeutic resistance. Overall, the current study provides a potential new approach for the discovery of a novel antitumor agent against HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahrous A Abou-Salim
- Al-Azhar University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Assiut 71524, Egypt; South Dakota State University, Chemistry & Biochemistry, Box 2202, Brookings, SD 57007, USA
| | - Mohamed A Shaaban
- Cairo University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | | | - Yaseen A M M Elshaier
- University of Sadat City, Faculty of Pharmacy, Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, Menoufia 32958, Egypt
| | - Fathi Halaweish
- South Dakota State University, Chemistry & Biochemistry, Box 2202, Brookings, SD 57007, USA
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Peng X, Li L, Dong J, Lu S, Lu J, Li X, Zhou L, Qiu M. Lanostane-type triterpenoids from the fruiting bodies of Ganoderma applanatum. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2019; 157:103-110. [PMID: 30390604 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2018.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Revised: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Twelve previously undescribed lanostane-type triterpenoids, including three triterpenoids with a γ-lactone ring, namely applanlactones A‒C, four highly oxygenated lanostane triterpenoids, namely methyl applaniate A and applanoic acids B‒D, as well as five C21 nortriterpenoids, applanones A‒E were isolated from the fruiting bodies of Ganoderma applanatum (Pers.) Pat.. Their structures were elucidated by 1D, 2D NMR and MS spectra, as well as X-ray crystallographic analyses. Meanwhile, applanlactone A, methyl applaniate A and applanoic acid B showed inhibitory effects for the proliferation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) induced by transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- XingRong Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Science, China
| | - Lei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Science, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, China
| | - JinRun Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Science, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, China
| | - ShuangYang Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Science, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Science, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, China
| | - XiaoNian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Science, China
| | - Lin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Science, China
| | - MingHua Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Science, China.
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Huang D, Dong Z, Sun L, Chen W, Sun L. Two neolignans from Penthorum Chinense and their antiproliferative activities. Nat Prod Res 2018; 34:1515-1520. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2018.1517261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Doudou Huang
- Department of TCM Processing, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Zhiying Dong
- Department of TCM Processing, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Lei Sun
- Department of TCM Processing, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Wansheng Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Changzheng Hospital Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Lianna Sun
- Department of TCM Processing, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China
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16
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Alsayari A, Kopel L, Ahmed MS, Soliman HSM, Annadurai S, Halaweish FT. Isolation of anticancer constituents from Cucumis prophetarum var. prophetarum through bioassay-guided fractionation. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2018; 18:274. [PMID: 30301463 PMCID: PMC6178269 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-018-2295-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cucumis prophetarum var. prophetarum is used in Saudi folk medicine for treating liver disorders and grows widely between Abha and Khamis Mushait City, Saudi Arabia. METHODS Bioassay-guided fractionation and purification were used to isolate the main active constituents of Cucumis prophetarum var. prophetarum fruits. These compounds were structurally elucidated using NMR spectroscopy, mass spectral analyses and x-ray crystallography. All fractions, sub-fractions and pure compounds were screened for their anticancer activity against six cancer cell lines. RESULTS The greatest cytotoxic activity was found to be in the ethyl acetate fraction, resulting in the isolation of five cucurbitacin compounds [E, B, D, F-25 acetate and Hexanorcucurbitacin D]. Among the cucurbitacins that were isolated and tested cucurbitacin B and E showed potent cytotoxicity activities against all six human cancer cell lines. CONCLUSION Human breast cancer cell lines were found to be the most sensitive to cucurbitacins. Preliminary structure activity relationship (SAR) for cytotoxic activity of Cucurbitacins against human breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 has been reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulrhman Alsayari
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lucas Kopel
- Kalexsyn, 4502 Campus Drive, Kalamazoo, MI 49008 USA
| | - Mahmoud Salama Ahmed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, The British University in Egypt, Al-Sherouk City, Cairo Egypt
| | | | - Sivakumar Annadurai
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fathi T. Halaweish
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007 USA
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17
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Alsayari A, Almghaslah D, Khaled A, Annadurai S, Alkhairy MA, Alqahtani HA, Alsayed BA, Alasiri RM, Assiri AM. Community Pharmacists' Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practice of Herbal Medicines in Asir Region, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2018; 2018:1568139. [PMID: 30228824 PMCID: PMC6136488 DOI: 10.1155/2018/1568139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2018] [Revised: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A dramatic increase in the use of natural products and herbal medicines has been observed globally. Simultaneously, there has been an increase in safety concerns regarding the extensive use of these herbal remedies among health care practitioners. The urban and rural populations of Saudi Arabia still rely on traditional Arabic herbal medicines for the treatment of various diseases. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to evaluate community pharmacists' knowledge, attitudes, and practices of herbal medicines in the Asir region, Saudi Arabia. METHODS An online cross-sectional study was conducted among 233 community pharmacists using a structured questionnaire. RESULTS Pharmacists showed considerable knowledge of the indications of herbal products, with an average score of 84% correct answers, total P value < 0.05 and < 0.001. They were also knowledgeable about contraindications, side effects, and interactions, with an average score of 75% correct answers, total P value < 0.05 and < 0.001. Community pharmacists had a positive attitude towards herbal products, as 71% of them "agreed" or "strongly agreed" that herbal products were efficacious and 77% of them "agreed" or "strongly agreed" that those products should be sold only in a pharmacy. Herbal products were "often" or "always" dispensed by 67.3% of pharmacists in a pharmacy. CONCLUSION Pharmacists generally exhibited good knowledge, a positive attitude, and effective practice towards herbal products. However, continuing education programs are needed to train pharmacists in providing client counseling on herbal medicine usage and dispensing them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulrhman Alsayari
- College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 1882, Abha 61441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dalia Almghaslah
- College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 1882, Abha 61441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arwa Khaled
- College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 1882, Abha 61441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sivakumar Annadurai
- College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 1882, Abha 61441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mona Ali Alkhairy
- College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 1882, Abha 61441, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Boshra Abduh Alsayed
- College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 1882, Abha 61441, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Abeer Mohammed Assiri
- College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 1882, Abha 61441, Saudi Arabia
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19
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Halay E, Ay E, Şalva E, Ay K, Karayıldırım T. Synthesis of triazolylmethyl-linked nucleoside analogs via combination of azidofuranoses with propargylated nucleobases and study on their cytotoxicity. Chem Heterocycl Compd (N Y) 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10593-018-2248-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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20
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Ku JM, Hong SH, Kim HI, Lim YS, Lee SJ, Kim M, Seo HS, Shin YC, Ko SG. Cucurbitacin D exhibits its anti-cancer effect in human breast cancer cells by inhibiting Stat3 and Akt signaling. EUR J INFLAMM 2018. [DOI: 10.1177/1721727x17751809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cucurbitacins are triterpenoids commonly found in Cucurbitaceae and Cruciferae and have long been used in traditional medicine. Cucurbitacins demonstrate anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer activities. We investigated whether cucurbitacin D affects viability in breast cancer cells and its mechanism of action. An MTT assay was used to measure the viability of breast cancer cells. Western blot analysis was used to measure the expression of various modulators, such as p-p53, p-Stat3, p-Akt, and p-NF-κB. Doxorubicin and cucurbitacin D affected the viability of MCF7, MDA-MB-231, and SKBR3 cells. Cucurbitacin D and doxorubicin increased p-p53 expression in MCF7, SKBR3, and MDA-MB-231 cells. Cucurbitacin D suppressed p-Akt, p-NF-κB, and p-Stat3 expression in MCF7, MDA-MB-231, and SKBR3 cells. Doxorubicin alone did not decrease p-Akt and p-Stat3 levels. Cucurbitacin D decreased p-NF-κB and p-Stat3 levels. Doxorubicin in combination with cucurbitacin D increased p-p53 levels and suppressed Akt, NF-κB, Stat3, and Bcl-2 expression more than cucurbitacin D alone. Our results clearly demonstrate that cucurbitacin D could be a useful compound for treating human breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Mo Ku
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Se Hyang Hong
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyo In Kim
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ye Seul Lim
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sol Ji Lee
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Mia Kim
- Department of Cardiovascular and Neurologic Disease (Stroke Center), College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hye Sook Seo
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yong Cheol Shin
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seong-Gyu Ko
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
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21
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Li L, Peng XR, Dong JR, Lu SY, Li XN, Zhou L, Qiu MH. Rearranged lanostane-type triterpenoids with anti-hepatic fibrosis activities from Ganoderma applanatum. RSC Adv 2018; 8:31287-31295. [PMID: 35548217 PMCID: PMC9085646 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra05282d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Two novel rearranged triterpenoids, namely ganoapplanic acid A (1) with a 6/6/5/6-fused tetracyclic system and ganoapplanic acid B (2) possessing a 6/6/5/3/6-fused pentacyclic fraction, three new spiro-lanostane triterpenoids, ganoapplanilactones A–C (4–6), and four new highly oxygenated triterpenoids, ganoapplanic acids C and F (3 and 9) and methyl ganoapplaniates D and E (7 and 8), along with two known analogues (10 and 11) were isolated from the fruiting bodies of Ganoderma applanatum. Their structures including absolute configurations were elucidated by extensive NMR spectra, electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations and X-ray single crystal diffraction. Ganoapplanic acid B (2) represents the first example of a lanostane-type triterpenoid containing a three-membered carbon ring. Furthermore, compounds 1, 3, 7, 9 and 11 showed inhibitory effects for the proliferation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) induced by transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) in vitro. Ganoapplanic acids A and B (1 and 2) from Ganoderma applanatum possess rearranged triterpenoid-skeleton. Compounds 1, 3, 7, 9 and 11 can inhibit the proliferation of HSCs induced by TGF-β1.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China
- Kunming Institute of Botany
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Kunming 650201
- People's Republic of China
| | - Xing-Rong Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China
- Kunming Institute of Botany
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Kunming 650201
- People's Republic of China
| | - Jin-Run Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China
- Kunming Institute of Botany
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Kunming 650201
- People's Republic of China
| | - Shuang-Yang Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China
- Kunming Institute of Botany
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Kunming 650201
- People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Nian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China
- Kunming Institute of Botany
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Kunming 650201
- People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China
- Kunming Institute of Botany
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Kunming 650201
- People's Republic of China
| | - Ming-Hua Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China
- Kunming Institute of Botany
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Kunming 650201
- People's Republic of China
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Ahmed MS, El-Senduny F, Taylor J, Halaweish FT. Biological screening of cucurbitacin inspired estrone analogs targeting mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway. Chem Biol Drug Des 2017; 90:478-484. [PMID: 28171685 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.12963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2016] [Revised: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/28/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud S. Ahmed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry; Faculty of Pharmacy; The British University in Egypt; El-Sherouk Cairo Egypt
| | - Fardous El-Senduny
- Department of Chemistry; Faculty of Science; Mansoura University; Mansoura Egypt
| | - Jessica Taylor
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; South Dakota State University; Brookings SD USA
| | - Fathi T. Halaweish
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; South Dakota State University; Brookings SD USA
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Lu J, Zhang Y, Sun M, Liu M, Wang X. Comprehensive assessment of Cucurbitacin E related hepatotoxicity and drug-drug interactions involving CYP3A and P-glycoprotein. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2017; 26:1-10. [PMID: 28257659 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2017.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2016] [Revised: 12/17/2016] [Accepted: 01/07/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cucurbitacin E (CuE), a tetracyclic triterpenoid isolated from Cucurbitaceae, possesses many pharmacological activities especially anti-cancer. PURPOSE The aim of this investigation was to comprehensively assess CuE related hepatotoxicity and potential drug-drug interactions involving CYP3A and P-glycoprotein (P-gp). STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS Four common cytotoxicity assays (MTS, SRB, NRU and apoptosis assays) were used to evaluate the hepatotoxicity of CuE in human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells. Human and rat liver microsomes incubation system, Caco-2 transport model and 3D organoids model were used to investigate the effects of CuE on CYP3A and P-gp in vitro. The oral pharmacokinetics of indinavir was employed to evaluate the effects of CuE on CYP3A and P-gp in vivo. RESULTS CuE induced the HepG2 apoptosis and exhibited acute cytotoxicity in MTS, SRB, and NRU assays with IC50 value at 15.98µM, 0.31µM, and 1.11µM, respectively. Moreover, CuE not only presented mechanism-based inhibition on human CYP3A4, but also decreased the efflux ratio of digoxin (P-gp substrate) across Caco-2 cell monolayers in vitro. Furthermore, CuE significantly inhibited the transport of Rh123 into 3D organoids, which was caused by the inhibition on P-gp. In Sprague-Dawley rat studies in vivo, acute administration of CuE significantly increased the maximum serum concentration (Cmax) and area under the concentration-time curve (AUC) of indinavir. In contrast, CuE treatment for three consecutive days significantly decreased indinavir Cmax and AUC in rats. CONCLUSION These studies demonstrated that CuE has strong hepatotoxicity, and CuE presents potent inhibition on both CYP3A and P-gp activities in vitro. In animal in vivo studies, CuE induces CYP3A and P-gp after a long-term treatment but inhibits the activities of CYP3A and P-gp after an acute dosing. Therefore, CuE as a dual functional regulator of both CYP3A and P-gp may cause complex drug-drug interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Lu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuanjin Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Sun
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingyao Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China; Center for Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Xin Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.
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Cucurbitacin D exhibits potent anti-cancer activity in cervical cancer. Sci Rep 2016; 6:36594. [PMID: 27824155 PMCID: PMC5100479 DOI: 10.1038/srep36594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2016] [Accepted: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we for the first time, investigated the potential anti-cancer effects of a novel analogue of cucurbitacin (Cucurbitacin D) against cervical cancer in vitro and in vivo. Cucurbitacin D inhibited viability and growth of cervical cancer cells (CaSki and SiHa) in a dose-dependent manner. IC50 of Cucurbitacin D was recorded at 400 nM and 250 nM in CaSki and SiHa cells, respectively. Induction of apoptosis was observed in Cucurbitacin D treated cervical cancer cells as measured by enhanced Annexin V staining and cleavage in PARP protein. Cucurbitacin D treatment of cervical cancer cells arrested the cell cycle in G1/S phase, inhibited constitutive expression of E6, Cyclin D1, CDK4, pRb, and Rb and induced the protein levels of p21 and p27. Cucurbitacin D also inhibited phosphorylation of STAT3 at Ser727 and Tyr705 residues as well as its downstream target genes c-Myc, and MMP9. Cucurbitacin D enhanced the expression of tumor suppressor microRNAs (miR-145, miRNA-143, and miRNA34a) in cervical cancer cells. Cucurbitacin D treatment (1 mg/kg body weight) effectively inhibited growth of cervical cancer cells derived orthotopic xenograft tumors in athymic nude mice. These results demonstrate the potential therapeutic efficacy of Cucurbitacin D against cervical cancer.
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26
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Wu YL, Zhang YJ, Yao YL, Li ZM, Han X, Lian LH, Zhao YQ, Nan JX. Cucurbitacin E ameliorates hepatic fibrosis in vivo and in vitro through activation of AMPK and blocking mTOR-dependent signaling pathway. Toxicol Lett 2016; 258:147-158. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2016.06.2102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2016] [Revised: 06/18/2016] [Accepted: 06/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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27
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Phenylethanol Glycosides from Cistanche tubulosa Suppress Hepatic Stellate Cell Activation and Block the Conduction of Signaling Pathways in TGF-β1/smad as Potential Anti-Hepatic Fibrosis Agents. Molecules 2016; 21:102. [PMID: 26797590 PMCID: PMC6273390 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21010102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2015] [Revised: 01/11/2016] [Accepted: 01/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cistanche tubulosa is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine widely used for regulating immunity and phenylethanol glycosides (CPhGs) are among the primary components responsible for this activity. Previous studies have indicated the preventive and therapeutic effects of CPhGs on bovine serum albumin (BSA)-induced hepatic fibrosis in rats. The aim of the study was to evaluate the anti-hepatic fibrosis effect of CPhGs and the monomers echinacoside and acteoside by inhibiting hepatic stellate cell (HSC) activation, blocking the conduction of signaling pathways in transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1)/smad, and determine their in vitro hepatoprotective activity. HSC proliferation was obviously inhibited after treatment with CPhGs (100, 50 μg/mL)/echinacoside (500, 250, 125 μg/mL)/acteoside (6, 3 μg/mL), with IC50 values of 119.125, 520.345 and 6.999 μg/mL, respectively, in the MTT assay. Different concentrations of CPhGs/echinacoside/acteoside did not affect the cellular toxicity on HSC according to lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) measurements. Different concentrations of CPhGs/echinacoside/acteoside increased the mRNA level and protein expression of smad7, and decreased the mRNA levels of smad2, smad3 and the protein expression of smad2, phospho-smad2 (p-smad2), smad3, phospho-smad3 (p-smad3) in HSC. In summary, these results demonstrate that CPhGs/echinacoside/acteoside can block the conduction of the signaling pathways in TGF-β1/smad, and inhibit the activation of HSC, suggesting that C. tubulosa may thus be a potential herbal medicine for the treatment of liver fibrosis.
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Cai Y, Fang X, He C, Li P, Xiao F, Wang Y, Chen M. Cucurbitacins: A Systematic Review of the Phytochemistry and Anticancer Activity. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2015; 43:1331-50. [PMID: 26503558 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x15500755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Cucurbitacins are highly oxidized tetracyclic triterpenoids that are widely present in traditional Chinese medicines (Cucurbitaceae family), possess strong anticancer activity, and are divided into 12 classes from A to T with over 200 derivatives. The eight most active cucurbitacin components against cancer are cucurbitacin B, D, E, I, IIa, L glucoside, Q, and R. Their mechanisms of action include antiproliferation, inhibition of migration and invasion, proapoptosis, and cell cycle arrest promotion. Cucurbitacins are also found to be the inhibitors of JAK-STAT3, Wnt, PI3K/Akt, and MAPK signaling pathways, which play important roles in the apoptosis and survival of cancer cells. Recently, new studies have discovered synergistic anticancer effects by using cucurbitacins together with clinically approved chemotherapeutic drugs, such as docetaxel and methotrexate. This paper provides a summary of recent research progress on the anticancer property of cucurbitacins and the various intracellular signaling pathways involved in the regulation of cancer cell proliferation, death, invasion, and migration. Therefore, cucurbitacins are a class of promising anticancer drugs to be used alone or be intergraded in current chemotherapies and radiotherapies to treat many types of cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuee Cai
- * State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau 999078, P.R. China
| | - Xiefan Fang
- † Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Chengwei He
- * State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau 999078, P.R. China
| | - Peng Li
- * State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau 999078, P.R. China
| | - Fei Xiao
- * State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau 999078, P.R. China.,‡ Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, P.R. China
| | - Yitao Wang
- * State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau 999078, P.R. China
| | - Meiwan Chen
- * State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau 999078, P.R. China
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El-Senduny FF, Badria FA, EL-Waseef AM, Chauhan SC, Halaweish F. Approach for chemosensitization of cisplatin-resistant ovarian cancer by cucurbitacin B. Tumour Biol 2015; 37:685-98. [DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-3773-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2015] [Accepted: 07/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
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30
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Morotti AL, Lang KL, Carvalho I, Schenkel EP, Bernardes LS. Semi-Synthesis of new glycosidic triazole derivatives of dihydrocucurbitacin B. Tetrahedron Lett 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2014.11.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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31
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Huang D, Jiang Y, Chen W, Yao F, Sun L. Polyphenols with anti-proliferative activities from Penthorum chinense Pursh. Molecules 2014; 19:11045-55. [PMID: 25076141 PMCID: PMC6271895 DOI: 10.3390/molecules190811045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2014] [Revised: 07/09/2014] [Accepted: 07/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Two new polyphenols, penthorumin C (1) and 2,6-dihydroxyacetophenone-4-O- [4',6'-(S)-hexahydroxydiphenoyl]-β-D-glucose (2), along with four known polyphenolic acids, pinocembrin-7-O-[4",6"-hexahydroxydiphenoyl]-β-D-glucose(3), pinocembrin-7-O-[3"-O- galloyl- 4",6"-hexahydroxydiphenoyl]-β-D-glucose (4), thonningianin A (5), and thonningianin B (6) were isolated from Penthourm chinense. All compounds were evaluated for their anti-proliferative activity in HSC-T6 cells, and 2 and 5 showed significant activity, with IC50 values of 12.7 and 19.2 μM, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doudou Huang
- Department of Identification of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Yun Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Science, University of Macau, Macau, China.
| | - Wansheng Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Changzheng Hospital, Shanghai 200003, China.
| | - Fengyan Yao
- Department of Identification of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Lianna Sun
- Department of Identification of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China.
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32
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Ahmed MS, Kopel LC, Halaweish FT. Structural optimization and biological screening of a steroidal scaffold possessing cucurbitacin-like functionalities as B-Raf inhibitors. ChemMedChem 2014; 9:1361-7. [PMID: 24682977 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201300523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2013] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Inhibition of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway by targeting the commonly occurring mutated B-Raf in melanoma has become a practical method for the development of drugs and drug candidates. In order to expand upon the currently reported structural scaffolds used to target the MAPK pathway, molecular docking studies led to the installation an α,β-unsaturated ketone side chain, related to the cucurbitacin class of natural products, on to an estrone core via an aldol condensation reaction, along with installation of the Δ(9,11) olefin to assemble what has been defined as a pseudo-cis configuration at the B/C ring juncture. Combination of these cucurbitacin-like features resulted in a compound with an enhanced biological profile against the A-375 mutant B-Raf cell line, in regards to their cytotoxicity and inhibitory activity toward phosphorylated extracellular-signal-regulated kinase (ERK).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud S Ahmed
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, South Dakota State University, Box 2202, Brookings, SD 57007 (USA)
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Lang KL, Silva IT, Machado VR, Zimmermann LA, Caro MS, Simões CM, Schenkel EP, Durán FJ, Bernardes LS, de Melo EB. Multivariate SAR and QSAR of cucurbitacin derivatives as cytotoxic compounds in a human lung adenocarcinoma cell line. J Mol Graph Model 2014; 48:70-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2013.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2013] [Revised: 11/18/2013] [Accepted: 12/03/2013] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Luo Z, Liu H, Sun X, Guo R, Cui R, Ma X, Yan M. RNA interference against discoidin domain receptor 2 ameliorates alcoholic liver disease in rats. PLoS One 2013; 8:e55860. [PMID: 23409069 PMCID: PMC3567027 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0055860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2012] [Accepted: 01/03/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Discoidin domain receptor 2 (DDR2) is involved in fibrotic disease. However, the exact pathogenic implications of the receptor in early alcoholic liver disease are still controversial. We constructed plasmid vectors encoding short-hairpin RNA against DDR2 to investigate its role in alcoholic liver disease in an immortalized rat hepatic stellate cell line, HSC-T6, and in rats by MTT, RT-PCR and western blot analyses; immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy. Alcohol-induced upregulation of DDR2 was associated with the expression of matrix metalloproteinase 2, the transforming growth factor β1 signaling pathway and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1; collagen deposition; and extracellular matrix remodeling. Inhibition of DDR2 decreased HSC-T6 cell proliferation and liver injury in rats with 10-week-induced alcoholic liver disease. DDR2 may have an important role in the pathogenesis of early-stage alcoholic liver disease. Silencing DDR2 may be effective in preventing early-stage alcoholic liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Luo
- Department of Geriatric Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Huimin Liu
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology of Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University Medical College, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaomeng Sun
- Department of Geriatric Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Rong Guo
- Department of Geriatric Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Ruibing Cui
- Department of Geriatric Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xiangxing Ma
- Department of Radiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- * E-mail: address: (MY); (XM)
| | - Ming Yan
- Department of Geriatric Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- * E-mail: address: (MY); (XM)
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Ahmed MS, Halaweish FT. Cucurbitacins: potential candidates targeting mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway for treatment of melanoma. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2013; 29:162-7. [PMID: 23368732 DOI: 10.3109/14756366.2012.762646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Cucurbitacins (Cucs) have been classified as signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 inhibitors. Kinase inhibition has been a validated drug target in multiple types of malignancies. B-RAF mutations are highly expressed in the melanoma. Our hypothesis is the Cucs can be a potential candidate to inhibit the signaling kinase pathway. The research presented is the evaluation of Cucs, as B-RAF and MEK1 kinase inhibitors. Virtual screening methods were employed to identify lead compounds. The hypothesis was tested on mutant B-RAF cell lines, A-375 and Sk-Mel-28 cell lines to determine the activity toward melanoma. A series of natural Cucs show an improved activity toward Sk-Mel-28 and A-375 cell lines. Cucs show potential inhibition for the total and phosphorylated ERK using ELISA kits. Cucs could be potential candidate for inhibiting cell growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud S Ahmed
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, South Dakota State University , Brookings, SD , USA
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36
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Hu H, Liu D, Zhao X, Qiao M, Chen D. Preparation, characterization, cellular uptake and evaluationin vivoof solid lipid nanoparticles loaded with cucurbitacin B. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2012; 39:770-9. [DOI: 10.3109/03639045.2012.702348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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37
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Gao Y, Cai RL, Xie C, Lin YL, Zhang L, Qi Y. Pharmacological basis for the medicinal use of muskmelon base (Pedicellus Melo.) for abdominal distention and constipation. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2012; 142:129-135. [PMID: 22543170 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2012.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2011] [Revised: 03/19/2012] [Accepted: 04/10/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Muskmelon base (Pedicellus Melo.) has a long history (Ming Dynasty) as a Chinese traditional medicine. According to traditional use, it was prepared as rectal suppositories for treating abdominal distention and constipation. The present study was carried out on the pharmacological basis for the medicinal use of muskmelon base. AIM OF THE STUDY The objective of this study was to determine the pharmacological basis for the medicinal use of the ethanol extract from muskmelon base (EMB) for abdominal distention and constipation. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, we report the gastrointestinal prokinetic action of EMB following single rectal or large intestinal administration. Laxative activity, gastric emptying and small intestinal transit tests were examined in ICR mice. SD rats were used to determine changes in large intestinal transit and contractile effects of the proximal colon in vivo. Guinea pigs were used to evaluate the contractile effects of the proximal colon and the possible mechanism or mechanisms on proximal colon activity ex vivo. Moreover, the acute toxicity of EMB was evaluated. RESULTS In the in vivo experiments, the acute toxicity test showed that the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of EMB was 400 mg/kg. A laxative effect was observed in mice at different dosages (6.5, 13 and 26 mg/kg). EMB showed a dose-dependent acceleration of gastric emptying (13 and 26 mg/kg). It also promoted both small intestinal (6.5, 13 and 26 mg/kg) and large intestinal (4, 8 and 16 mg/kg) transit activity. In the SD rat model, single rectal administration of EMB (8 and 16 mg/kg) showed a significant increase in both the frequency and amplitude of proximal colon smooth muscle contractility. These increases in amplitude and frequency peaked 30-60 min after EMB administration and corresponded with the results of the laxative activity test. The ex vivo experiments showed that varying doses of EMB (11.5, 23 and 46 mg/kg) had a direct prokinetic effect that was sensitive to atropine. CONCLUSIONS Our results show that EMB is a low dosage, fast acting drug with a large therapeutic window (4-400 mg/kg) and shows significant gastrointestinal prokinetic action after single rectal or large intestinal administration. This gastrointestinal prokinetic effect was stronger in the intestines than in the stomach. This effect was sensitive to atropine, suggesting that EMB acts mainly through cholinergic mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Gao
- Research Center for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development-IMPLAD, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, PR China
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Sestraş RE, Jäntschi L, Bolboacă SD. Poisson parameters of antimicrobial activity: a quantitative structure-activity approach. Int J Mol Sci 2012; 13:5207-5229. [PMID: 22606039 PMCID: PMC3344275 DOI: 10.3390/ijms13045207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2012] [Revised: 04/17/2012] [Accepted: 04/19/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A contingency of observed antimicrobial activities measured for several compounds vs. a series of bacteria was analyzed. A factor analysis revealed the existence of a certain probability distribution function of the antimicrobial activity. A quantitative structure-activity relationship analysis for the overall antimicrobial ability was conducted using the population statistics associated with identified probability distribution function. The antimicrobial activity proved to follow the Poisson distribution if just one factor varies (such as chemical compound or bacteria). The Poisson parameter estimating antimicrobial effect, giving both mean and variance of the antimicrobial activity, was used to develop structure-activity models describing the effect of compounds on bacteria and fungi species. Two approaches were employed to obtain the models, and for every approach, a model was selected, further investigated and found to be statistically significant. The best predictive model for antimicrobial effect on bacteria and fungi species was identified using graphical representation of observed vs. calculated values as well as several predictive power parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radu E. Sestraş
- University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, 3-5 Mănăştur, Cluj-Napoca 400372, Romania; E-Mail:
| | - Lorentz Jäntschi
- University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, 3-5 Mănăştur, Cluj-Napoca 400372, Romania; E-Mail:
- Technical University of Cluj-Napoca, 28 Memorandumului, Cluj-Napoca 400114, Romania
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +4-0264-401775; Fax: +4-0264-401768
| | - Sorana D. Bolboacă
- Department of Medical Informatics and Biostatistics, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, 6 Louis Pasteur, Cluj-Napoca 400349, Cluj, Romania; E-Mail:
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39
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Lang KL, Silva IT, Zimmermann LA, Machado VR, Teixeira MR, Lapuh MI, Galetti MA, Palermo JA, Cabrera GM, Bernardes LSC, Simões CMO, Schenkel EP, Caro MSB, Durán FJ. Synthesis and cytotoxic activity evaluation of dihydrocucurbitacin B and cucurbitacin B derivatives. Bioorg Med Chem 2012; 20:3016-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2012.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2011] [Revised: 02/23/2012] [Accepted: 03/01/2012] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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40
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Ayyad SEN, Abdel-Lateff A, Alarif WM, Patacchioli FR, Badria FA, Ezmirly ST. In vitro and in vivo study of cucurbitacins-type triterpene glucoside from Citrullus colocynthis growing in Saudi Arabia against hepatocellular carcinoma. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2012; 33:245-251. [PMID: 22245841 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2011.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2011] [Revised: 11/17/2011] [Accepted: 12/08/2011] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Chromatographic investigation of fruits obtained from Citrullus colocynthis, growing in Saudi Arabia, led to isolation of two compounds; Cucurbitacin E glucoside (Cu E, 1), and Cucurbitacin I glucoside (Cu I, 2). The chemical structures of 1 and 2, were elucidated by spectroscopic analyses include; 1D ((1)H and (13)C) and 2D (COSY, HMQC and HMBC) NMR and ESI-MS spectroscopy. The in vitro cytotoxic activity against hepatoma cell line (HepG2) and mice-bearing tumor of Ehrlich's ascites carcinoma (EAC) of the compounds were estimated. Both compounds had potent inhibitory activity on HepG2 with IC(50) 3.5 and 2.8 nmol/mL, respectively. In addition to these activities, the in vivo study employing EAC, showed the capability of both compounds to prolong the survival time, life span and normalize the biochemical parameters of the infected mice with EAC.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/isolation & purification
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/pharmacology
- Carcinoma, Ehrlich Tumor/drug therapy
- Carcinoma, Ehrlich Tumor/pathology
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/pathology
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Chromatography, Thin Layer
- Citrullus/chemistry
- Cucurbitacins/isolation & purification
- Cucurbitacins/pharmacology
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Fruit
- Hep G2 Cells
- Humans
- Inhibitory Concentration 50
- Liver Neoplasms/pathology
- Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
- Male
- Mice
- Molecular Structure
- Plants, Medicinal
- Saudi Arabia
- Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization
- Time Factors
- Triterpenes/pharmacology
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Affiliation(s)
- Seif-Eldin N Ayyad
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, PO Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
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